RU108059U1 - FIXED FORMWORK KIT FOR BUILDING WALLS - Google Patents

Abstract

 A set of fixed formwork for erecting walls of a building, including a frame, external and internal cladding attached to the frame with self-tapping screws, characterized in that the formwork frame is made of thin-walled cold-formed steel thermofiles with a section height of 250-400 mm; outer and inner cladding - from GRINBORD boards about 35 mm thick; and the formwork is filled with monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete to the entire height of the building floor.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, and in particular to methods of erecting walls of a building using fixed formwork, and can be used in the design and construction of low-rise cottages and other buildings.

A known set of fixed formwork (RU Pat. No. 2270302), consisting of outdoor and indoor units molded from thermoplastic composite and plate jumpers for connecting the outdoor and indoor units to each other. When erecting the walls of a building using such formwork, the outer and inner layers of the wall are formed in rows whose height is equal to the height of the blocks. Concrete is poured in layers, and the next row of blocks is laid after pouring concrete to the height of the previous row. The disadvantage of this method of building the walls of the building is the layer-by-layer concrete pouring into the formwork.

The closest in combination of features to the claimed invention (prototype) is a method of erecting internal and external walls of fiber-reinforced concrete in a frame-monolithic structure (website http: //tehstroy.org / kot.html) using LSU plates as fixed formwork. In this case, the frame for fixed formwork is made in the form of cross-section racks made of galvanized profiles PN 60/60. The height of the cross-section of the racks is equal to the thickness of the wall being built. The outer and inner cladding is made of 10 mm thick LSU plates attached to the frame using self-tapping screws.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the walls constructed in this way perform the function of enclosing structures, and the reinforced concrete reinforced concrete columns of the supporting frame with a section of 250 × 350 mm perceive the external load.

The task is to ensure the operation of monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete walls of the building as supporting structures. This will reduce labor costs for the construction of the building frame.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that a set of fixed formwork for erecting walls of a building, including a frame, external and internal cladding, attached to the frame with self-tapping screws; in this case, the formwork frame is made of steel thin-walled cold-formed thermoprofiles with a typical section height of 250-400 mm .; outer and inner cladding - from GRINBORD boards about 35 mm thick; and the formwork is filled with monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete to the entire height of the building floor.

The technical result due to:

1) steel thin-walled cold-formed thermal profiles - high strength characteristics, lightness, durability, increase in heat transfer resistance due to perforation (slots), fastening of elements without welding, are not subject to biological and humidity-temperature processes;

2) section heights - the ability to use energy-saving technologies;

3) cladding from GRINBORD boards - savings due to the facade decoration and its quality (durability, frost and moisture resistance, pronounced heat-insulating and sound-proofing properties, strength, elasticity, good adhesion, are easily processed, and fasteners are held securely);

4) the thickness of the lining - the absence of deflections in the process of concreting;

5) pouring with monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete to the entire height of the floor of the building - the optimum result of concreting, reducing the time to complete the work.

The set of fixed formwork made of GRINBORD plates for erecting the walls of the building includes a frame made of steel thin-walled cold-formed thermoprofiles with a typical section height of 250-400 mm, as well as external and internal vertical cladding from GRINBORD plates about 35 mm thick, attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. The racks of the frame are arranged with a step along the axes of 600 mm, since the plates for the outer and inner skins have a width of 600 mm. The height of the slabs is equal to the height of the floor of the building.

When erecting the walls of a building using the kit of the above fixed formwork, the foundation is first poured. Then, after the foundation has hardened, a frame of walls is erected from steel thin-walled thermo-profiles, including assembling the necessary racks and crossbars for the formation of window and doorways. Then the frame is sheathed from the outside and from the inside with GRINBOARD boards about 35 mm thick. Then, structural fiber-reinforced concrete with a density of 500-700 kg / m ^{3 is} poured into the formed compartments 600 mm wide over the entire height of the building floor.

The composition of the fiber-reinforced concrete mixture is selected by the laboratory of the manufacturer, depending on the quality of the cement, the type and size of the aggregate, the type and geometric parameters of the dispersed reinforcement. In this case, the ratio between the amount of cement and aggregates, the optimal flow rate of water, foaming agent, chemical additives and fibers (non-metallic fibers) in kg / m ^{3 of the} mixture are established. The fiber-reinforced concrete mixture at the time of its laying should have a given density (tolerances of not more than ± 50 kg / m ³ ), plastic strength from 40 to 120 Pa. The coefficient of variation of plastic strength should not exceed 2%.

Physico-mechanical properties of fibropenobeton depending on its density in the dry state should not go beyond the boundaries of the parameters specified in table 1.

Table 1. The average density, kg / m ³ Compressive strength, MPa Tensile strength in bending, MPa Frost resistance cycles Thermal conductivity, W / (m · ° С) Steam permeability, mg / (mchPa) Standard 500 0.5 ... 1.2 0.5 ... 0.8 25 ... 50 0.09 ... 0.12 0.18 ... 0.23 TU-5767-033-02069119-2003 600, 700 1,2 ... 3,5 0.8 ... 1.8 50 ... 80 0,12 ... 0,15 0.12 ... 0.18

The possibility of using fiber-reinforced concrete according to the strength characteristics as a supporting element is reflected in table 2. according to TU-5767-033-02069119-2003.

Table 2. Name Sizes, mm Density, kg / m ³ Application area

Wall block 3000 × 600 × 400 600 ... 700 supporting wall element for light ceilings 3000 × 600 × 350 load-bearing wall element for light ceilings when working together with LSTK (according to calculated data) 3000 × 600 × 300 3000 × 600 × 250 500

The use of a thermal profile with a section height of 250-400 mm. is determined by the required thickness of monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete as a heat-insulating material (according to SNiP 23-02-2003 “Thermal protection of buildings”), which is reflected in table 3.

Table 3. Section height Density Thermal conductivity, W / (m · ° С) Heat transfer resistance, m ² · ° С / W; Note 200 500-700 0.09-0.15 1.33-2.23 does not meet strength conditions 250 500 0.09-0.12 2.08-2.78 600-700 0.12-0.15 1.67-2.08 300 500 0.09-0.12 2.5-3.34 600-700 0.12-0.15 2.0-2.5 350 500 0.09-0.12 2.92-3.89 600-700 0.12-0.15 2.33-2.92 400 500 0.09-0.12 3.33-4.44 600-700 0.12-0.15 2.67-3.33

450 500-700 0.09-0.15 3.0-5.0 Inappropriate due to increased material consumption

Comparative physical and mechanical characteristics of GRINBOARD boards are shown in table 4.

Table 4. Indicator Thickness thirty 35 fifty Density, kg / m3 900 900 600 Mark GB3 GB3 GB2 Bending Strength, MPa 12 12 3 Compressive strength, MPa, not less fifteen fifteen four Tensile strength perpendicular to the plate face, MPa, not less 0.35 0.35 0.2 Flexural modulus, MPa, not less 3500 3500 1000 Section inertia moment, cm4 135 214 625 Frost resistance (decrease in bending strength after 50 cycles),%, no more 10 10 -

The inventive set of fixed formwork for the erection of the walls of the building is illustrated graphically, where:

figure 1 shows a General view of the wall structure of a building made of monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete using GRINBORD slabs as a fixed formwork;

figure 2 shows the installation process of fixed formwork. It depicts elements of a steel frame, as well as cladding from GRINBORD plates;

figure 3 shows a section of the wall.

The wall of the building consists of a frame for fixed formwork, which includes steel racks 1, lower strapping beam 2 and upper strapping 3 made of steel thin-walled cold-formed thermofiles; outer 4 and inner lining 5 of GRIN-BOARD plates; waterproofing 6; fastening elements of structures: self-tapping screws 7, anchor bolts 8; monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete 9.

The method of erecting the walls of the building of the described construction is as follows: steel racks 1, lower strapping beams 2 and elements of the upper strapping 3 are assembled into the frame using self-tapping screws 7; while the racks are arranged in increments along the axes of 600 mm. The resulting frame is attached to a previously made reinforced concrete foundation on anchor bolts 8 through a waterproofing layer 6. After assembling and fixing the entire steel frame, external 4 and internal 5 vertical claddings from GRINBORD boards are used on the screws 7, providing a waterproofing layer 6 between the structures. Next, into the gap between the elements of the upper strapping of the frame 3 are filled with fiber concrete 9. After the solidification of the fiber concrete 9 and the flooring device, the formwork and filling of the monolithic fiber are similarly performed open concrete walls of the second floor, etc.

The use of the proposed set of fixed formwork in construction will reduce labor costs when installing it on the construction site, simplify the installation itself, and the method of erecting the walls of the building using the proposed set of fixed formwork will improve the quality of concreting and reduce the significant cost of finishing work of the walls of the building after their construction.

Claims (1)

A set of fixed formwork for erecting walls of a building, including a frame, external and internal cladding attached to the frame with self-tapping screws, characterized in that the formwork frame is made of thin-walled cold-formed steel thermofiles with a section height of 250-400 mm; outer and inner cladding - from GRINBORD boards about 35 mm thick; and the formwork is filled with monolithic fiber-reinforced concrete to the entire height of the building floor.