PL3261721T3 - Stososowanie pridopidyny w celu poprawy pamięci - Google Patents
Stososowanie pridopidyny w celu poprawy pamięciInfo
- Publication number
- PL3261721T3 PL3261721T3 PL16756274.3T PL16756274T PL3261721T3 PL 3261721 T3 PL3261721 T3 PL 3261721T3 PL 16756274 T PL16756274 T PL 16756274T PL 3261721 T3 PL3261721 T3 PL 3261721T3
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- pridopidine
- improve memory
- memory
- improve
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/451—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. glutethimide, meperidine, loperamide, phencyclidine, piminodine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D211/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms by sulfur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/42—Oxygen atoms attached in position 3 or 5
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/44—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
- C07D211/52—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having an aryl radical as the second substituent in position 4
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201562120771P | 2015-02-25 | 2015-02-25 | |
| US201562186221P | 2015-06-29 | 2015-06-29 | |
| PCT/US2016/019357 WO2016138130A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-24 | Use of pridopidine to improve cognitive function and for treating alzheimer's disease |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL3261721T3 true PL3261721T3 (pl) | 2022-12-27 |
Family
ID=56689699
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL16756274.3T PL3261721T3 (pl) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-02-24 | Stososowanie pridopidyny w celu poprawy pamięci |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10603311B2 (pl) |
| EP (4) | EP3590512A1 (pl) |
| JP (2) | JP6887952B2 (pl) |
| AU (2) | AU2016222796B2 (pl) |
| CA (1) | CA2977264C (pl) |
| DK (1) | DK3261721T3 (pl) |
| ES (1) | ES2930628T3 (pl) |
| HU (1) | HUE060353T2 (pl) |
| IL (2) | IL254030B (pl) |
| MX (2) | MX2017010982A (pl) |
| PL (1) | PL3261721T3 (pl) |
| TW (1) | TW201639570A (pl) |
| WO (1) | WO2016138130A1 (pl) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EA201390332A1 (ru) | 2010-09-03 | 2013-08-30 | Ивакс Интернэшнл Гмбх | Дейтерированные аналоги придопидина, применимые в качестве допаминергических стабилизаторов |
| CA2856749A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | IVAX International GmbH | The hydrobromide salt of pridopidine |
| US11090297B2 (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2021-08-17 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Pridopidine for treating huntington's disease |
| AU2014281414A1 (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2016-01-21 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | Use of high dose pridopidine for treating Huntington's disease |
| TW201613859A (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-04-16 | Teva Pharma | Analogs of PRIDOPIDINE, their preparation and use |
| MX2017008136A (es) | 2014-12-22 | 2018-03-06 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Int Gmbh | Sal de l-tartrato de pridopidina. |
| ES2930628T3 (es) * | 2015-02-25 | 2022-12-20 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd | Uso de pridopidina para mejorar la memoria |
| US11471449B2 (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2022-10-18 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Use of pridopidine to improve cognitive function and for treating Alzheimer's disease |
| AR105434A1 (es) | 2015-07-22 | 2017-10-04 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Int Gmbh | Proceso para preparar pridopidina |
| EP3419622B1 (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2024-03-06 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Treatment of neurodegenerative eye disease using pridopidine |
| US11207310B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2021-12-28 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Use of pridopidine for treating functional decline |
| JP7278210B2 (ja) | 2016-08-24 | 2023-05-19 | プリレニア ニューロセラピューティクス リミテッド | ジストニアを治療するためのプリドピジンの使用 |
| US20210093622A1 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2021-04-01 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Use of pridopidine for the treatment of anxiety and depression |
| WO2018053287A1 (en) * | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-22 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | Use of pridopidine for the treatment of anxiety and depression |
| JP6977029B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-16 | 2021-12-08 | プリレニア ニューロセラピューティクス リミテッド | レット症候群を治療するためのプリドピジンの使用 |
| DK3570940T3 (da) * | 2017-01-20 | 2024-02-19 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd | Pridopidin til anvendelse i behandling af fragilt x-syndrom |
| AU2018317346B2 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2021-08-26 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with pridopidine |
| MX2020002310A (es) | 2017-08-30 | 2020-09-17 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd | Formas de dosificacion de alta concentracion de pridopidina. |
| AU2018329628B2 (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2021-04-22 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Pridopidine for treating drug induced dyskinesias |
| US20220193059A1 (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2022-06-23 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Low dose pridopidine for parkinson's disease and other diseases associated with parkinsonism |
| JP7296472B2 (ja) | 2019-03-15 | 2023-06-22 | プリレニア ニューロセラピューティクス リミテッド | プリドピジンを使用したミトコンドリア関連疾患および障害（それらの症状を含む）の治療 |
Family Cites Families (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2157204T3 (es) | 1991-04-17 | 2001-08-16 | Upjohn Co | Derivados de (s)-3-fenilpiperidina sustituidos, su preparacion y uso como antagonistas de autorreceptores de dopamina. |
| US5321012A (en) | 1993-01-28 | 1994-06-14 | Virginia Commonwealth University Medical College | Inhibiting the development of tolerance to and/or dependence on a narcotic addictive substance |
| SE9702716D0 (sv) * | 1997-07-15 | 1997-07-15 | Ross Nicholas Waters | Substituted phenylazacycloalkanes in the treatment of cognitive disorders |
| SE9904724D0 (sv) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Carlsson A Research Ab | New modulators of dopamine neurotransmission I |
| USRE46117E1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2016-08-23 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | Modulators of dopamine neurotransmission |
| US20070160537A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2007-07-12 | Takeo Ishiyama | In vivo screening method of therapeutic agent for memory/learning dysfunctions by schizophrenia |
| PL1802573T3 (pl) | 2004-10-13 | 2017-03-31 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | Proces syntezy 4-(3-metanosulfonylofenylo)-1-N-propylopiperydyny |
| EP1815857A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-08 | LEK Pharmaceuticals D.D. | A pharmaceutical composition comprising perindopril |
| US9139525B2 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2015-09-22 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | N-oxide and/or di-N-oxide derivatives of dopamine receptor stabilizers/modulators displaying improved cardiovascular side-effects profiles |
| EP2254564A1 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2010-12-01 | Glaxo Group Limited | Combinations comprising 3-phenylsulfonyl-8-piperazinyl-1yl-quinoline |
| EP2421519B1 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2016-11-02 | Universität Zürich | Blockers of nmda receptor for the treatment of sickle cell anemia |
| EP2322163A1 (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-18 | Pharnext | New therapeutics approaches for treating alzheimer disease |
| US8849866B2 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2014-09-30 | Infosys Limited | Method and computer program product for creating ordered data structure |
| WO2011107583A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-09 | Nsab, Filial Af Neurosearch Sweden Ab, Sverige | Substituted 4-phenyl-n-alkyl-piperidines for preventing onset or slowing progression of neurodegenerative disorders |
| PL2578212T3 (pl) | 2010-05-24 | 2017-01-31 | Farmalider Sa | Związek hamujący aktywację enzymu Erk 1/2 do zastosowania w leczeniu chorób neurodegeneracyjnych |
| EA201390332A1 (ru) | 2010-09-03 | 2013-08-30 | Ивакс Интернэшнл Гмбх | Дейтерированные аналоги придопидина, применимые в качестве допаминергических стабилизаторов |
| UY34278A (es) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-04-05 | Novartis Ag | Derivados novedosos de oxazina y su uso en el tratamiento de enfermedades |
| CN103958469B (zh) | 2011-09-07 | 2016-04-20 | 梯瓦制药国际有限责任公司 | 一种新的普利多匹定盐酸盐多晶型形态 |
| CA2856749A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | IVAX International GmbH | The hydrobromide salt of pridopidine |
| MX2014011971A (es) | 2012-04-04 | 2015-01-16 | Ivax Int Gmbh | Composiciones farmaceuticas para terapia de combinacion. |
| EA201590655A8 (ru) | 2012-09-27 | 2016-07-29 | Тева Фармасьютикал Индастриз Лтд. | Комбинация лахинимода и придопидина для лечения нейродегенеративных нарушений |
| WO2014052935A2 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. | Combination of rasagiline and pridopidine for treating neurodegenerative disorders, in particular huntington's disease |
| DK3004080T3 (da) * | 2013-06-04 | 2019-01-02 | Acturum Real Estate Ab | Triazolforbindelser og deres anvendelse som gamma-sekretase-modulatorer |
| AU2014281414A1 (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2016-01-21 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | Use of high dose pridopidine for treating Huntington's disease |
| PL3096759T3 (pl) | 2014-01-22 | 2022-06-13 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Preparaty pridopidyny o zmodyfikowanym uwalnianiu |
| TW201613859A (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-04-16 | Teva Pharma | Analogs of PRIDOPIDINE, their preparation and use |
| MX2017008136A (es) | 2014-12-22 | 2018-03-06 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Int Gmbh | Sal de l-tartrato de pridopidina. |
| WO2016138135A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 | 2016-09-01 | Teva Pharmaceuticals International Gmbh | Sigma-1 receptor modulators for treating huntington's disease |
| ES2930628T3 (es) * | 2015-02-25 | 2022-12-20 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd | Uso de pridopidina para mejorar la memoria |
| AR105434A1 (es) | 2015-07-22 | 2017-10-04 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Int Gmbh | Proceso para preparar pridopidina |
| EP3324967A4 (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2019-03-20 | Prilenia Therapeutics Development Ltd. | PRIDOPIDINE-BASED FORMULATIONS AND USE OF THE SAME |
| WO2017048457A1 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd. | Combination of laquinimod and pridopidine to treat multiple sclerosis |
| JP7278210B2 (ja) | 2016-08-24 | 2023-05-19 | プリレニア ニューロセラピューティクス リミテッド | ジストニアを治療するためのプリドピジンの使用 |
| US11207310B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2021-12-28 | Prilenia Neurotherapeutics Ltd. | Use of pridopidine for treating functional decline |
-
2016
- 2016-02-24 ES ES16756274T patent/ES2930628T3/es active Active
- 2016-02-24 EP EP19191835.8A patent/EP3590512A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-02-24 WO PCT/US2016/019357 patent/WO2016138130A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-02-24 CA CA2977264A patent/CA2977264C/en active Active
- 2016-02-24 EP EP16756274.3A patent/EP3261721B1/en active Active
- 2016-02-24 EP EP23198399.0A patent/EP4282479A3/en active Pending
- 2016-02-24 PL PL16756274.3T patent/PL3261721T3/pl unknown
- 2016-02-24 JP JP2017545405A patent/JP6887952B2/ja active Active
- 2016-02-24 MX MX2017010982A patent/MX2017010982A/es unknown
- 2016-02-24 EP EP21153340.1A patent/EP3854785A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-02-24 HU HUE16756274A patent/HUE060353T2/hu unknown
- 2016-02-24 AU AU2016222796A patent/AU2016222796B2/en active Active
- 2016-02-24 DK DK16756274.3T patent/DK3261721T3/da active
- 2016-02-24 US US15/052,368 patent/US10603311B2/en active Active
- 2016-02-25 TW TW105105721A patent/TW201639570A/zh unknown
-
2017
- 2017-08-16 IL IL254030A patent/IL254030B/en unknown
- 2017-08-25 MX MX2021000071A patent/MX2021000071A/es unknown
-
2021
- 2021-01-07 JP JP2021001418A patent/JP7210620B2/ja active Active
- 2021-03-12 AU AU2021201583A patent/AU2021201583B2/en active Active
- 2021-09-30 IL IL286888A patent/IL286888A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2018506569A (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
| TW201639570A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
| US20160243098A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
| JP7210620B2 (ja) | 2023-01-23 |
| AU2021201583A1 (en) | 2021-04-01 |
| EP3261721A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
| ES2930628T3 (es) | 2022-12-20 |
| JP2021073206A (ja) | 2021-05-13 |
| EP4282479A2 (en) | 2023-11-29 |
| US10603311B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
| CA2977264C (en) | 2021-12-07 |
| EP3854785A1 (en) | 2021-07-28 |
| IL254030A0 (en) | 2017-10-31 |
| HUE060353T2 (hu) | 2023-02-28 |
| MX2017010982A (es) | 2017-11-20 |
| EP4282479A3 (en) | 2024-02-21 |
| IL286888A (en) | 2021-10-31 |
| AU2016222796A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
| AU2021201583B2 (en) | 2022-04-07 |
| EP3590512A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
| WO2016138130A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
| JP6887952B2 (ja) | 2021-06-16 |
| AU2016222796B2 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
| EP3261721B1 (en) | 2022-09-14 |
| EP3261721A4 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
| CA2977264A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
| DK3261721T3 (da) | 2022-11-28 |
| MX2021000071A (es) | 2021-03-25 |
| IL254030B (en) | 2022-01-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| PL3261721T3 (pl) | Stososowanie pridopidyny w celu poprawy pamięci | |
| SG11201706729SA (en) | Derivatives of sobetirome | |
| EP2968208A4 (en) | TREATMENT OF CATAPLEXIA | |
| IL285882A (en) | Medicinal uses for l–4–chlorokynurenine | |
| ZA201607198B (en) | Low ph synthesis of zinc-lysine complex | |
| HK1250719A1 (zh) | 脫氧糖胺的合成 | |
| PT3334734T (pt) | Forma c de avibactam sódico | |
| IL240763A0 (en) | The halopyrazoles as thrombin inhibitors | |
| HK1188366A2 (en) | One type of massager | |
| GB2538045B (en) | Improvements to letter-plates | |
| GB2517453B (en) | Improved use of memory resources | |
| IL249130A0 (en) | Preparation of piperidine-4-carbthioamide | |
| GB2550166B (en) | Improvements to letter-plates | |
| HUP1500506A2 (en) | Salts of palbociclib | |
| GB2522473B (en) | Improvements to windposts | |
| GB2579315B (en) | Improvements to letter-plates | |
| GB201521028D0 (en) | Improvements to Li-fi | |
| GB201516787D0 (en) | Improvements to cycles | |
| GB2520781B (en) | Improvements to hydro-turbines | |
| GB201513916D0 (en) | Improvements to underwear | |
| GB201414608D0 (en) | Improvements to structure | |
| GB201504477D0 (en) | Use of compounds in agriculture | |
| GB201405489D0 (en) | Able to go | |
| GB201503473D0 (en) | Use of compounds in agriculture | |
| GB201417454D0 (en) | Improvements to cycles |