NZ272235A - Removal of noble metal black catalyst material using cartridges having a carbon, metal or ceramic based supporting body having disposed thereon at least one layer of ceramic material - Google Patents
Removal of noble metal black catalyst material using cartridges having a carbon, metal or ceramic based supporting body having disposed thereon at least one layer of ceramic materialInfo
- Publication number
- NZ272235A NZ272235A NZ272235A NZ27223595A NZ272235A NZ 272235 A NZ272235 A NZ 272235A NZ 272235 A NZ272235 A NZ 272235A NZ 27223595 A NZ27223595 A NZ 27223595A NZ 272235 A NZ272235 A NZ 272235A
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- working solution
- filter
- catalyst
- cartridges
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001125671 Eretmochelys imbricata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JORLUGVBYJSSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(CC)CC2 JORLUGVBYJSSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700124 Octodon degus Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)-1-iodo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(I)C(CBr)=C1 YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012505 colouration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011118 depth filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000687 hydroquinonyl group Chemical group C1(O)=C(C=C(O)C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004151 quinonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/147—Microfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/243—Tubular reactors spirally, concentrically or zigzag wound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/90—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J23/96—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/009—Preparation by separation, e.g. by filtration, decantation, screening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/01—Hydrogen peroxide
- C01B15/022—Preparation from organic compounds
- C01B15/023—Preparation from organic compounds by the alkyl-anthraquinone process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4418931A DE4418931C2 (de) | 1994-05-31 | 1994-05-31 | Verfahren zur Abtrennung katalysatorfreier Arbeitslösung aus dem Hydrierkreislauf des Anthrachinonverfahrens zur Herstellung von Wasserstoffperoxid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NZ272235A true NZ272235A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
Family
ID=6519389
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NZ272235A NZ272235A (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1995-05-29 | Removal of noble metal black catalyst material using cartridges having a carbon, metal or ceramic based supporting body having disposed thereon at least one layer of ceramic material |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5534149A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| EP (1) | EP0687649B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| JP (1) | JPH07330311A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| CN (1) | CN1122726A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| AT (1) | ATE162158T1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| BR (1) | BR9502610A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| CA (1) | CA2150492C (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| DE (2) | DE4418931C2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ES (1) | ES2113692T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| FI (1) | FI114090B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| IL (1) | IL113915A0 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| NZ (1) | NZ272235A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| TW (1) | TW287145B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| ZA (1) | ZA954428B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10052323A1 (de) * | 2000-10-21 | 2002-05-02 | Degussa | Kontinierliches Verfahren zur Hydrierung |
| FR2832937B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-04 | 2004-01-16 | Technip France | Procede et dispositif de reaction chimique entre un gaz et au moins un compose en solution, mis en oeuvre en presence d'un catalyseur solide |
| US7282148B2 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2007-10-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Porous silicon composite structure as large filtration array |
| EP1810001A4 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2008-08-27 | Sdc Materials Llc | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SAMPLING AND COLLECTING POWDERS FLOWING IN A GAS STREAM |
| JP5275342B2 (ja) | 2007-05-11 | 2013-08-28 | エスディーシー マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド | 粒子生産システム及び粒子生産方法 |
| US8507401B1 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2013-08-13 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Method and system for forming plug and play metal catalysts |
| US7901036B2 (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2011-03-08 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Print head unit and method for manufacturing patterned layer on substrate with the same |
| USD627900S1 (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2010-11-23 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Glove box |
| US9126191B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2015-09-08 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Advanced catalysts for automotive applications |
| US8803025B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2014-08-12 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Non-plugging D.C. plasma gun |
| US8557727B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2013-10-15 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Method of forming a catalyst with inhibited mobility of nano-active material |
| US8470112B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2013-06-25 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Workflow for novel composite materials |
| US8652992B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2014-02-18 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Pinning and affixing nano-active material |
| US9119309B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2015-08-25 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | In situ oxide removal, dispersal and drying |
| US9149797B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2015-10-06 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Catalyst production method and system |
| US8545652B1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2013-10-01 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Impact resistant material |
| US8669202B2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2014-03-11 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Wet chemical and plasma methods of forming stable PtPd catalysts |
| HK1199222A1 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2015-06-26 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Coated substrates for use in catalysis and catalytic converters and methods of coating substrates with washcoat compositions |
| US9156025B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2015-10-13 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Three-way catalytic converter using nanoparticles |
| US9511352B2 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2016-12-06 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Three-way catalytic converter using nanoparticles |
| JP2015020940A (ja) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-02-02 | 国立大学法人静岡大学 | 過酸化水素合成方法 |
| CN105592921A (zh) | 2013-07-25 | 2016-05-18 | Sdc材料公司 | 用于催化转化器的洗涂层和经涂覆基底及其制造和使用方法 |
| CA2926135A1 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2015-04-30 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Compositions of lean nox trap |
| CN106061600A (zh) | 2013-10-22 | 2016-10-26 | Sdc材料公司 | 用于重型柴油机的催化剂设计 |
| US9687811B2 (en) | 2014-03-21 | 2017-06-27 | SDCmaterials, Inc. | Compositions for passive NOx adsorption (PNA) systems and methods of making and using same |
| CN104402142B (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-01 | 柳州化工股份有限公司 | 一种蒽醌法生产双氧水工业中污水预处理的方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1272292B (de) * | 1965-12-04 | 1968-07-11 | Degussa | Abtrennung von suspendierten traegerlosen Hydrierungs-Katalysatoren der Platinmetallgruppe aus fluessigen organischen Hydrierungsgemischen |
| NL141400B (nl) * | 1965-12-04 | 1974-03-15 | Degussa | Werkwijze voor het afscheiden van gesuspendeerde, dragerloze edelmetaalkatalysatoren uit organische vloeistoffen door middel van filters. |
| US4428923A (en) * | 1982-11-09 | 1984-01-31 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Continuous process for the production of hydrogen peroxide according to the anthraquinone process |
| SE8207376L (sv) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-06-24 | Eka Ab | Forfarande vid avskiljning av i vetska suspenderade katalysatorpartiklar |
| FI86380C (fi) * | 1990-09-10 | 1992-08-25 | Kemira Oy | Foerfarande foer rening av filter. |
| DE4217245A1 (de) * | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-02 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Abtrennung katalysatorfreier Arbeitslösung aus dem Hydrierkreislauf des Anthrachionverfahrens zur Herstellung von Wasserstoffperoxid |
-
1994
- 1994-05-31 DE DE4418931A patent/DE4418931C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 US US08/406,519 patent/US5534149A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-10 AT AT95107071T patent/ATE162158T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-10 EP EP95107071A patent/EP0687649B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-10 ES ES95107071T patent/ES2113692T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-10 DE DE59501253T patent/DE59501253D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-23 JP JP7123866A patent/JPH07330311A/ja active Pending
- 1995-05-29 NZ NZ272235A patent/NZ272235A/en unknown
- 1995-05-29 TW TW084105412A patent/TW287145B/zh active
- 1995-05-30 CA CA002150492A patent/CA2150492C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-05-30 ZA ZA954428A patent/ZA954428B/xx unknown
- 1995-05-30 CN CN95106619A patent/CN1122726A/zh active Pending
- 1995-05-30 IL IL11391595A patent/IL113915A0/xx unknown
- 1995-05-30 FI FI952631A patent/FI114090B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-31 BR BR9502610A patent/BR9502610A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI952631L (fi) | 1995-12-01 |
| DE59501253D1 (de) | 1998-02-19 |
| CA2150492C (en) | 2001-01-16 |
| BR9502610A (pt) | 1996-01-02 |
| JPH07330311A (ja) | 1995-12-19 |
| EP0687649A1 (de) | 1995-12-20 |
| ES2113692T3 (es) | 1998-05-01 |
| IL113915A0 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
| ATE162158T1 (de) | 1998-01-15 |
| TW287145B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1996-10-01 |
| ZA954428B (en) | 1996-01-24 |
| CN1122726A (zh) | 1996-05-22 |
| CA2150492A1 (en) | 1995-12-01 |
| FI114090B (fi) | 2004-08-13 |
| DE4418931A1 (de) | 1995-12-07 |
| EP0687649B1 (de) | 1998-01-14 |
| US5534149A (en) | 1996-07-09 |
| DE4418931C2 (de) | 1997-06-19 |
| FI952631A0 (fi) | 1995-05-30 |
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