NO743912L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO743912L NO743912L NO743912A NO743912A NO743912L NO 743912 L NO743912 L NO 743912L NO 743912 A NO743912 A NO 743912A NO 743912 A NO743912 A NO 743912A NO 743912 L NO743912 L NO 743912L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- compartment
- compartments
- cells
- cell
- hydroxide
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 87
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 halide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- RRZIJNVZMJUGTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)ethene Chemical class FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)=C(F)F RRZIJNVZMJUGTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- JMGNVALALWCTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-(2-fluoroethenoxy)ethene Chemical class FC=COC=CF JMGNVALALWCTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000102542 Kara Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 105
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical class [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolead Chemical compound O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N Cobalt-60 Chemical compound [60Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004546 Hetron™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021438 curry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
- C25B13/02—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by shape or form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US411619A US3899403A (en) | 1973-11-01 | 1973-11-01 | Electrolytic method of making concentrated hydroxide solutions by sequential use of 3-compartment and 2-compartment electrolytic cells having separating compartment walls of particular cation-active permselective membranes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO743912L true NO743912L (xx) | 1975-05-26 |
Family
ID=23629662
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO743912A NO743912L (xx) | 1973-11-01 | 1974-10-30 |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3899403A (xx) |
| JP (1) | JPS5075195A (xx) |
| AR (1) | AR209270A1 (xx) |
| AU (1) | AU7452974A (xx) |
| BR (1) | BR7409139D0 (xx) |
| DE (1) | DE2451847A1 (xx) |
| FI (1) | FI319374A (xx) |
| FR (1) | FR2249972A1 (xx) |
| IT (1) | IT1025403B (xx) |
| NL (1) | NL7414203A (xx) |
| NO (1) | NO743912L (xx) |
| SE (1) | SE7413728L (xx) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4147599A (en) * | 1977-07-19 | 1979-04-03 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Production of alkali metal carbonates in a cell having a carboxyl membrane |
| AR205953A1 (es) * | 1975-01-22 | 1976-06-15 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Produccion de carbonatos de metales a calinos en una celula de membrana |
| JPS597795B2 (ja) * | 1975-04-17 | 1984-02-21 | 株式会社トクヤマ | 電解用陰極鑵 |
| US4212712A (en) * | 1975-11-19 | 1980-07-15 | Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for the electrolytic treatment of alkali metal halide solution using ion exchange membranes |
| FR2355926A1 (fr) * | 1975-11-21 | 1978-01-20 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Diaphragme selectif d'electrolyse |
| US4036717A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-07-19 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Method for concentration and purification of a cell liquor in an electrolytic cell |
| US4057474A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1977-11-08 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Electrolytic production of alkali metal hydroxide |
| US4076603A (en) * | 1977-04-07 | 1978-02-28 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Caustic and chlorine production process |
| US4147600A (en) * | 1978-01-06 | 1979-04-03 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. | Electrolytic method of producing concentrated hydroxide solutions |
| FR2618165B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-17 | 1991-05-10 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procede de reduction par electrolyse et de separation de l'europium et cellule d'electrolyse pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede. |
| US20020179435A1 (en) * | 2001-06-04 | 2002-12-05 | Maddan Orville Lee | Apparatus and method for producing magnesium from seawater |
| KR101118795B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-03-21 | (주) 테크윈 | 소독부산물 저감형 고효율 차아염소산나트륨 발생장치 |
| EP2841623B1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2020-10-28 | Nemaska Lithium Inc. | Processes for preparing lithium hydroxide |
| CA3109808A1 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Nemaska Lithium Inc. | System for preparing lithium carbonate from lithium hydroxide |
| EP2971252B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-12-30 | Nemaska Lithium Inc. | Processes for preparing lithium hydroxide |
| JP6335316B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 | 2018-05-30 | ネマスカ リチウム インコーポレイテッド | 炭酸リチウムの調製のためのプロセス |
| KR102099714B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-23 | 2020-04-13 | 네마스카 리튬 인코포레이션 | 리튬 하이드록사이드 제조 공정 및 시스템 |
| CN103628085B (zh) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-10-05 | 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司泰山盐化工分公司 | 氯碱生产中水资源循环利用方法 |
| KR102153976B1 (ko) | 2014-02-24 | 2020-09-10 | 네마스카 리튬 인코포레이션 | 리튬 함유 물질을 처리하기 위한 방법 |
| US9644278B2 (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-05-09 | Barbara Jean Manojlovich | Recycling hydrogen generator |
| CN105063655B (zh) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-06-06 | 江苏安凯特科技股份有限公司 | 生产亚氨基二乙酸的方法 |
| JP6974444B2 (ja) | 2016-05-17 | 2021-12-01 | ディバーシー，インコーポレーテッド | 電気化学的活性化を使用して生産されるアルカリ溶液及び塩素溶液 |
| CA2940509A1 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2018-02-26 | Nemaska Lithium Inc. | Processes for treating aqueous compositions comprising lithium sulfate and sulfuric acid |
| WO2018140551A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-02 | Diversey, Inc. | Neutralization in electro-chemical activation systems |
| CA3083136C (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2022-04-12 | Nemaska Lithium Inc. | Processes for preparing hydroxides and oxides of various metals and derivatives thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2967807A (en) * | 1952-01-23 | 1961-01-10 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Electrolytic decomposition of sodium chloride |
| NL278049A (xx) * | 1961-05-05 | |||
| US3282875A (en) * | 1964-07-22 | 1966-11-01 | Du Pont | Fluorocarbon vinyl ether polymers |
| US3341366A (en) * | 1964-08-19 | 1967-09-12 | Gen Electric | Sulfonated polymers of alpha, beta, beta-trifluorostyrene, with applications to structures and cells |
| US3496077A (en) * | 1967-12-18 | 1970-02-17 | Hal B H Cooper | Electrolyzing of salt solutions |
| US3562008A (en) * | 1968-10-14 | 1971-02-09 | Ppg Industries Inc | Method for producing a ruthenium coated titanium electrode |
| US3773634A (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-11-20 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Control of an olyte-catholyte concentrations in membrane cells |
-
1973
- 1973-11-01 US US411619A patent/US3899403A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-10-21 AU AU74529/74A patent/AU7452974A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-30 FR FR7436301A patent/FR2249972A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-10-30 NL NL7414203A patent/NL7414203A/xx unknown
- 1974-10-30 AR AR256341A patent/AR209270A1/es active
- 1974-10-30 NO NO743912A patent/NO743912L/no unknown
- 1974-10-31 SE SE7413728A patent/SE7413728L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-10-31 DE DE19742451847 patent/DE2451847A1/de active Pending
- 1974-10-31 BR BR9139/74A patent/BR7409139D0/pt unknown
- 1974-10-31 IT IT29063/74A patent/IT1025403B/it active
- 1974-10-31 FI FI3193/74A patent/FI319374A/fi unknown
- 1974-10-31 JP JP49126516A patent/JPS5075195A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2451847A1 (de) | 1975-05-07 |
| JPS5075195A (xx) | 1975-06-20 |
| AR209270A1 (es) | 1977-04-15 |
| BR7409139D0 (pt) | 1975-08-26 |
| IT1025403B (it) | 1978-08-10 |
| FR2249972A1 (xx) | 1975-05-30 |
| NL7414203A (nl) | 1975-05-06 |
| SE7413728L (xx) | 1975-05-02 |
| US3899403A (en) | 1975-08-12 |
| AU7452974A (en) | 1976-04-29 |
| FI319374A (xx) | 1975-05-02 |
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