NO309148B1 - Apparat og fremgangsmåte for polymerisasjon av olefin i gassfase - Google Patents
Apparat og fremgangsmåte for polymerisasjon av olefin i gassfase Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO309148B1 NO309148B1 NO960737A NO960737A NO309148B1 NO 309148 B1 NO309148 B1 NO 309148B1 NO 960737 A NO960737 A NO 960737A NO 960737 A NO960737 A NO 960737A NO 309148 B1 NO309148 B1 NO 309148B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- sluice
- funnel
- line
- polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 22
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 ethylene, propylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 34
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100502610 Caenorhabditis elegans fem-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WVBBLFIICUWMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromocene Chemical compound [Cr+2].C1=CC=[C-][CH]1.C1=CC=[C-][CH]1 WVBBLFIICUWMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOMDZQSPRDYARS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene titanium Chemical compound [Ti].C1C=CC=C1.C1C=CC=C1 KOMDZQSPRDYARS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMMRKRFMSDTOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].C1C=CC=C1.C1C=CC=C1 ZMMRKRFMSDTOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1809—Controlling processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/003—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor in a downward flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/34—Polymerisation in gaseous state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
- B01J2208/00761—Discharging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/901—Monomer polymerized in vapor state in presence of transition metal containing catalyst
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9502446A FR2730999B1 (fr) | 1995-02-24 | 1995-02-24 | Appareillage et procede de polymerisation d'olefine en phase gazeuse |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO960737D0 NO960737D0 (no) | 1996-02-23 |
| NO960737L NO960737L (no) | 1996-08-26 |
| NO309148B1 true NO309148B1 (no) | 2000-12-18 |
Family
ID=9476671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO960737A NO309148B1 (no) | 1995-02-24 | 1996-02-23 | Apparat og fremgangsmåte for polymerisasjon av olefin i gassfase |
Country Status (31)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5929180A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0728771B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH093103A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR100388507B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1095850C (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR001028A1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE178619T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU699640B2 (fr) |
| BG (1) | BG62364B1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9600800A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2170098A1 (fr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ53496A3 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69601964T2 (fr) |
| DZ (1) | DZ1993A1 (fr) |
| EA (1) | EA000007B1 (fr) |
| EG (1) | EG21427A (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2129924T3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI119644B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2730999B1 (fr) |
| GR (1) | GR3029929T3 (fr) |
| HK (1) | HK1011373A1 (fr) |
| HU (1) | HU218098B (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY113582A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO309148B1 (fr) |
| NZ (1) | NZ286043A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL183282B1 (fr) |
| RO (1) | RO115168B1 (fr) |
| SK (1) | SK281885B6 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR199600123A2 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW408135B (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA961300B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2731000B1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1997-04-18 | Bp Chemicals Snc | Procede de polymerisation d'olefine en phase gazeuse |
| FR2752533B1 (fr) * | 1996-08-23 | 1998-09-18 | Bp Chemicals Snc | Appareillage et procede de polymerisation d'olefine en phase gazeuse |
| JP3710247B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-10 | 2005-10-26 | 三井化学株式会社 | 気相重合装置 |
| FR2764207B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-07-16 | Bp Chemicals Snc | Reacteur pour la polymerisation des olefines en phase gazeuse |
| WO2002083754A1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-24 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Polymeres d'ethylene et de propylene et procede de production |
| DE19744708A1 (de) | 1997-10-10 | 1999-04-15 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausschleusen von Kautschuk aus der Gasphasenpolymerisation |
| EP1098934A1 (fr) | 1998-07-01 | 2001-05-16 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Melanges elastiques contenant un polymere cristallin et des polymeres de propylene cristallisables |
| EP0976445A1 (fr) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-02 | Bp Chemicals S.N.C. | Procédé pour introduire un catalyseur solide dans un récipient de lit fluidisé ou agité |
| FR2791983B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-12 | 2001-05-18 | Bp Chemicals Snc | Appareil et procede de polymerisation en phase gazeuse d'olefine |
| SG82693A1 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-08-21 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Fluidized bed reactor for gas phase olefin polymerization, process for polymerizing olefin and process for producing olefin polymer |
| AU2003201911A1 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2003-07-24 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Method of preventing clogging of apparatus for handling (meth)acrylic acid and ester thereof |
| US6914104B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-07-05 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for polymerization of α-olefin |
| JP4760173B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-16 | 2011-08-31 | 住友化学株式会社 | オレフィン連続重合装置、ポリマー粉粒体の移送方法、およびオレフィン重合方法 |
| SG119367A1 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-28 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Apparatus for continuous polymerization of olefin method for transferring a polymer powder and method for continuous polymerization of olefin |
| CN101107066B (zh) * | 2005-01-26 | 2010-06-09 | 英尼奥斯欧洲有限公司 | 从气相聚合反应器中取出聚合物的装置和方法 |
| KR100969103B1 (ko) * | 2005-08-05 | 2010-07-09 | 엑손모빌 케미칼 패턴츠 인코포레이티드 | 고압 중합용 압축기 및 폴리에틸렌 호모폴리머와 폴리에틸렌 코폴리머용 제조 플랜트 및 제조 방법 |
| JP5055816B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-17 | 2012-10-24 | 住友化学株式会社 | ポリオレフィンパウダーの移送装置及び方法 |
| US8129486B2 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2012-03-06 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Discharge systems and methods of using the same |
| CA2662634A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Systeme d'evacuation destine a retirer des solides d'un recipient |
| KR101468470B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-05 | 2014-12-04 | 바셀 폴리올레핀 이탈리아 에스.알.엘 | 올레핀의 액상 중합용 장치 |
| JP5420864B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-01 | 2014-02-19 | 住友化学株式会社 | 気相重合装置およびオレフィンの重合方法 |
| BR112014016325A8 (pt) | 2011-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | Ineos Europe Ag | processo de polimerização |
| KR101462466B1 (ko) | 2013-03-07 | 2014-11-17 | 대림산업 주식회사 | 올레핀의 중합 방법 |
| JP6902965B2 (ja) | 2017-08-29 | 2021-07-14 | 住友化学株式会社 | ポリオレフィンの製造方法 |
| CN108283917A (zh) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-07-17 | 合润科技有限公司 | 一种用于生产聚α烯烃用的聚合反应釜 |
| US20240082803A1 (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2024-03-14 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Fluidized bed reactor systems |
| JP2024007084A (ja) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-18 | 住友化学株式会社 | ポリオレフィン製造装置及び製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3785966A (en) * | 1971-04-08 | 1974-01-15 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Method for discharging particulate solid from high pressure vessel |
| US3994824A (en) * | 1974-01-10 | 1976-11-30 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Dynamic air flow system for removing particulate bed material from a fluidized particulate bed reactor |
| US4039507A (en) * | 1975-09-05 | 1977-08-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Incorporation of finely divided functional solids into olefin |
| MX156534A (es) * | 1979-12-31 | 1988-09-08 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Sistema continuo mejorado de descarga de catalizador |
| US4399055A (en) * | 1981-05-01 | 1983-08-16 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Limited | Carrier of catalyst and catalyst component composed of the carrier, for polymerization of olefins, as well as processes for production thereof |
| US4425206A (en) * | 1982-12-09 | 1984-01-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Anhydrous process for preparing amorphous chlorinated polyethylene and product thereof |
| FR2599991B1 (fr) * | 1986-06-16 | 1993-04-02 | Bp Chimie Sa | Evacuation de produits presents dans un reacteur de polymerisation d'alpha-olefines en lit fluidise |
| FR2731000B1 (fr) * | 1995-02-24 | 1997-04-18 | Bp Chemicals Snc | Procede de polymerisation d'olefine en phase gazeuse |
-
1995
- 1995-02-24 FR FR9502446A patent/FR2730999B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-02-12 US US08/600,036 patent/US5929180A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-13 ES ES96300991T patent/ES2129924T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-13 AT AT96300991T patent/ATE178619T1/de active
- 1996-02-13 AU AU44484/96A patent/AU699640B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-02-13 DE DE69601964T patent/DE69601964T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-13 EP EP96300991A patent/EP0728771B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-14 TW TW085101831A patent/TW408135B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-16 TR TR96/00123A patent/TR199600123A2/xx unknown
- 1996-02-17 MY MYPI96000641A patent/MY113582A/en unknown
- 1996-02-17 EG EG12596A patent/EG21427A/xx active
- 1996-02-19 ZA ZA9601300A patent/ZA961300B/xx unknown
- 1996-02-21 DZ DZ960034A patent/DZ1993A1/fr active
- 1996-02-22 PL PL96312897A patent/PL183282B1/pl unknown
- 1996-02-22 CZ CZ96534A patent/CZ53496A3/cs unknown
- 1996-02-22 CA CA002170098A patent/CA2170098A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1996-02-22 SK SK230-96A patent/SK281885B6/sk unknown
- 1996-02-22 NZ NZ286043A patent/NZ286043A/en unknown
- 1996-02-23 BG BG100382A patent/BG62364B1/bg unknown
- 1996-02-23 RO RO96-00393A patent/RO115168B1/ro unknown
- 1996-02-23 HU HU9600436A patent/HU218098B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-23 AR ARP960101515A patent/AR001028A1/es unknown
- 1996-02-23 EA EA199600006A patent/EA000007B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-23 NO NO960737A patent/NO309148B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-23 BR BR9600800A patent/BR9600800A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-23 FI FI960853A patent/FI119644B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-23 JP JP8036810A patent/JPH093103A/ja active Pending
- 1996-02-24 KR KR1019960004520A patent/KR100388507B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-24 CN CN96105728A patent/CN1095850C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-11-17 US US08/971,543 patent/US5928612A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-11-30 HK HK98112547A patent/HK1011373A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-04-08 GR GR990400791T patent/GR3029929T3/el unknown
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