NO132596B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO132596B NO132596B NO4120/72A NO412072A NO132596B NO 132596 B NO132596 B NO 132596B NO 4120/72 A NO4120/72 A NO 4120/72A NO 412072 A NO412072 A NO 412072A NO 132596 B NO132596 B NO 132596B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- layer
- anode
- aluminum oxide
- carbon
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 49
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 48
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1660571A CH541990A (de) | 1971-11-16 | 1971-11-16 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer umgebungsneutral betreibbaren Anode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO132596B true NO132596B (de) | 1975-08-25 |
| NO132596C NO132596C (de) | 1975-12-03 |
Family
ID=4418715
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO4120/72A NO132596C (de) | 1971-11-16 | 1972-11-14 |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3941899A (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS5630400B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT328201B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU475218B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA989772A (de) |
| CH (1) | CH541990A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE2255733A1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2160561B1 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB1401516A (de) |
| IT (1) | IT970937B (de) |
| NO (1) | NO132596C (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA728141B (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE33876E (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1992-04-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal barrier coating for nickel and cobalt base super alloys |
| US4206263A (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1980-06-03 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Oxygen-resistant electroconductive carbon bodies |
| US4515860A (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1985-05-07 | Dart Industries Inc. | Self protecting carbon bodies and method for making same |
| US4544472A (en) * | 1983-04-14 | 1985-10-01 | Nalco Chemical Company | Electrode coating and coated electrodes |
| US4623555A (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1986-11-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Connection method |
| US4944991A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-07-31 | Electric Power Research Institute | Formation of alumina impregnated carbon fiber mats |
| RU2615389C1 (ru) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-04-04 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" | Способ защиты обожженного анода алюминиевого электролизера |
| GB2568246A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-15 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Process for protecting carbon anodes for use in the Hall-Heroult process |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3060115A (en) * | 1959-10-12 | 1962-10-23 | Aluminum Co Of America | Carbon anode |
| US3243313A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1966-03-29 | Ling Temco Vought Inc | Heat-resistant article |
| US3348929A (en) * | 1962-04-16 | 1967-10-24 | Metalurgitschen Zd Lenin | Protecting carbon materials from oxidation |
| US3332752A (en) * | 1963-08-22 | 1967-07-25 | Raybestos Manhattan Inc | Composite flame spraying wire |
| US3310423A (en) * | 1963-08-27 | 1967-03-21 | Metco Inc | Flame spraying employing laser heating |
| DE1496660B1 (de) * | 1964-03-06 | 1970-02-12 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh | Hochwarmfester Formkoerper mit zunderfestem UEberzug und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US3349722A (en) * | 1964-11-27 | 1967-10-31 | Cleveland Technical Ct Inc | Electrical resistance rail heater |
| US3442786A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1969-05-06 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Carbon anode for aluminum reduction cell |
| US3447961A (en) * | 1967-03-20 | 1969-06-03 | Us Navy | Movable substrate method of vaporizing and depositing electrode material layers on the substrate |
| US3640757A (en) * | 1968-08-09 | 1972-02-08 | Avco Corp | Flame deposited oxide coating and method of making same |
-
1971
- 1971-11-16 CH CH1660571A patent/CH541990A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-11-14 DE DE2255733A patent/DE2255733A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1972-11-14 NO NO4120/72A patent/NO132596C/no unknown
- 1972-11-15 AU AU48882/72A patent/AU475218B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-15 US US05/306,632 patent/US3941899A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-11-16 IT IT31739/72A patent/IT970937B/it active
- 1972-11-16 AT AT976372A patent/AT328201B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-11-16 GB GB5300072A patent/GB1401516A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 FR FR7240782A patent/FR2160561B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 CA CA156,674A patent/CA989772A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 ZA ZA728141A patent/ZA728141B/xx unknown
- 1972-11-16 JP JP11515972A patent/JPS5630400B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS4862611A (de) | 1973-09-01 |
| AT328201B (de) | 1976-03-10 |
| IT970937B (it) | 1974-04-20 |
| FR2160561B1 (de) | 1977-12-30 |
| CH541990A (de) | 1973-09-30 |
| AU4888272A (en) | 1974-05-16 |
| JPS5630400B2 (de) | 1981-07-14 |
| ZA728141B (en) | 1973-07-25 |
| NO132596C (de) | 1975-12-03 |
| FR2160561A1 (de) | 1973-06-29 |
| US3941899A (en) | 1976-03-02 |
| DE2255733A1 (de) | 1973-05-24 |
| CA989772A (en) | 1976-05-25 |
| AU475218B2 (en) | 1976-08-12 |
| GB1401516A (en) | 1975-07-16 |
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