NL8401841A - Elektrolyt-samenstelling alsmede werkwijze voor het elektrolytisch neerslaan van koper. - Google Patents
Elektrolyt-samenstelling alsmede werkwijze voor het elektrolytisch neerslaan van koper. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL8401841A NL8401841A NL8401841A NL8401841A NL8401841A NL 8401841 A NL8401841 A NL 8401841A NL 8401841 A NL8401841 A NL 8401841A NL 8401841 A NL8401841 A NL 8401841A NL 8401841 A NL8401841 A NL 8401841A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- copper
- brightener
- present
- brighteners
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 amino, hydroxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- OARRHUQTFTUEOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N safranin Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=C(N)C(C)=CC2=NC2=CC(C)=C(N)C=C2[N+]=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OARRHUQTFTUEOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010981 turquoise Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MWXMWLZIZRDIBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-4a,10-dihydro-4h-phenazin-10-ium-2-amine;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC=CC=C2[NH2+]C2=CC(N)=CCC2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 MWXMWLZIZRDIBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004265 EU approved glazing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WIYCQLLGDNXIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;3-(3-sulfonatopropyldisulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCCSSCCCS([O-])(=O)=O WIYCQLLGDNXIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical class CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUWYLPDFNGDSTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].C1=CC=CC2=CNC=C21 Chemical group [N].C1=CC=CC2=CNC=C21 QUWYLPDFNGDSTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[S] Chemical compound [O].[S] XOCUXOWLYLLJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical class [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VGYFVNQYBUPXCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;2-methyloxirane Chemical compound C=C.CC1CO1 VGYFVNQYBUPXCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJZLKINMWXQCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-(3-sulfopropyldisulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na].[Na].OS(=O)(=O)CCCSSCCCS(O)(=O)=O NJZLKINMWXQCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08514625A GB2162681B (en) | 1984-06-08 | 1985-06-10 | Devices involving electron emission and methods of forming a layer of material reducing the electron work function |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50121183A | 1983-06-10 | 1983-06-10 | |
| US50121183 | 1983-06-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL8401841A true NL8401841A (nl) | 1985-01-02 |
Family
ID=23992559
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8401841A NL8401841A (nl) | 1983-06-10 | 1984-06-08 | Elektrolyt-samenstelling alsmede werkwijze voor het elektrolytisch neerslaan van koper. |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6013090A (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU554236B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR8402811A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA1255621A (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE3420999A1 (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES8601336A1 (pt) |
| FR (1) | FR2547318B1 (pt) |
| GB (1) | GB2141140B (pt) |
| IT (1) | IT1177785B (pt) |
| NL (1) | NL8401841A (pt) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4126502C1 (pt) * | 1991-08-07 | 1993-02-11 | Schering Ag Berlin Und Bergkamen, 1000 Berlin, De | |
| JPH10330983A (ja) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-15 | Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co Ltd | 電解銅箔及びその製造方法 |
| DE19758121C2 (de) * | 1997-12-17 | 2000-04-06 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Wäßriges Bad und Verfahren zum elektrolytischen Abscheiden von Kupferschichten |
| DE10261852B3 (de) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-03 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Gemisch oligomerer Phenaziniumverbindungen und dessen Herstellungsverfahren, saures Bad zur elektrolytischen Abscheidung eines Kupferniederschlages, enthaltend die oligomeren Phenaziniumverbindungen, sowie Verfahren zum elektrolytischen Abscheiden eines Kupferniederschlages mit einem das Gemisch enthaltenden Bad |
| DE10337669B4 (de) * | 2003-08-08 | 2006-04-27 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Wässrige, saure Lösung und Verfahren zum galvanischen Abscheiden von Kupferüberzügen sowie Verwendung der Lösung |
| JP4644447B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-25 | 2011-03-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | プリント配線板の製造方法 |
| GB0520793D0 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2005-11-23 | Avecia Inkjet Ltd | Phthalocyanine inks and their use in ink-jet printing |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL174178B (nl) * | 1952-05-26 | Chevron Res | Werkwijze voor het winnen van koolwaterstoffen uit een permeabele koolwaterstofhoudende formatie door injectie met stoom. | |
| BE520209A (pt) * | 1952-05-26 | |||
| US2738318A (en) * | 1954-12-28 | 1956-03-13 | Udylite Res Corp | Electrodeposition of copper from an acid bath |
| US2882209A (en) * | 1957-05-20 | 1959-04-14 | Udylite Res Corp | Electrodeposition of copper from an acid bath |
| NL291575A (pt) * | 1962-04-16 | |||
| US3328273A (en) * | 1966-08-15 | 1967-06-27 | Udylite Corp | Electro-deposition of copper from acidic baths |
| US3770598A (en) * | 1972-01-21 | 1973-11-06 | Oxy Metal Finishing Corp | Electrodeposition of copper from acid baths |
| AU496780B2 (en) * | 1975-03-11 | 1978-10-26 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Additives in baths forthe electrodeposition of copper |
| DE2746938A1 (de) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-04-19 | Schering Ag | Saures galvanisches kupferbad |
| US4272335A (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-06-09 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Composition and method for electrodeposition of copper |
| US4336114A (en) * | 1981-03-26 | 1982-06-22 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. | Electrodeposition of bright copper |
-
1984
- 1984-06-04 AU AU29033/84A patent/AU554236B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-06-06 DE DE19843420999 patent/DE3420999A1/de active Granted
- 1984-06-07 JP JP59117435A patent/JPS6013090A/ja active Granted
- 1984-06-07 CA CA000456108A patent/CA1255621A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-08 IT IT48351/84A patent/IT1177785B/it active
- 1984-06-08 NL NL8401841A patent/NL8401841A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-06-08 BR BR8402811A patent/BR8402811A/pt unknown
- 1984-06-08 ES ES533252A patent/ES8601336A1/es not_active Expired
- 1984-06-08 FR FR848409048A patent/FR2547318B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-06-11 GB GB08414862A patent/GB2141140B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1177785B (it) | 1987-08-26 |
| ES533252A0 (es) | 1985-10-16 |
| AU2903384A (en) | 1984-12-13 |
| DE3420999C2 (pt) | 1987-10-15 |
| JPS6013090A (ja) | 1985-01-23 |
| CA1255621A (en) | 1989-06-13 |
| FR2547318A1 (fr) | 1984-12-14 |
| IT8448351A0 (it) | 1984-06-08 |
| DE3420999A1 (de) | 1984-12-13 |
| AU554236B2 (en) | 1986-08-14 |
| JPS6112036B2 (pt) | 1986-04-05 |
| GB8414862D0 (en) | 1984-07-18 |
| GB2141140B (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| ES8601336A1 (es) | 1985-10-16 |
| FR2547318B1 (fr) | 1990-05-04 |
| BR8402811A (pt) | 1985-05-21 |
| GB2141140A (en) | 1984-12-12 |
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