NL8120014A - METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING A BUILDING AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE METHOD - Google Patents

Description

81 2 0 0 1 ^ '' N.O. 30898 1

Title:

Method for erecting a building and a device for carrying out the method. '

Technical area:

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an entirely insulated building, wherein the building 5 is erected on a foundation. The foundation can consist of a base of, for example, reinforced concrete, a cellar or a system of floor beams, socks or another permanent base.

Background: 10

There is a need for a building that convincingly insulates the interior space from the outside temperature. There is also a need to be able to reduce the cost of a building and, of course, also reduce the current high cost of building and furnishing a building. It is well known that attempts are being made to meet the stated need in contemporary building, whereby in order to achieve better insulation, extra insulation is applied to the building or the thickness of the insulation material is increased.

Furthermore, mechanical devices are often used today for heat recovery.

Technical issues:

These measures, of course, cannot reduce the cost of a building and, of course, also not the cost of building, which has rather become more complicated, despite the increase in the pre-fabrication of parts of the building. If the demand for insulation and blocking of buildings has been met on a larger scale, after using the building for a certain period of time, greater problems have been encountered with, for example, rot and mold, in particular in buildings of wood construction, which on the one hand gives rise to high restoration costs, for example for replacing windows and doors and even of wall supports and wall panels. Despite strengthened attempts with the insulation and building closures, it has been found that the buildings are often 8120014 it * 2 surprisingly poorly sealed, which depends on the material in the buildings and is reinforced by short construction times with subsequent use of the buildings, after they have been erected, and can often be traced back to the fact that the buildings were erected during the wrong season of the 5th year. In view of the current development in the construction industry, it may be necessary to conclude that the material used in the buildings is the main problem. Here one mainly thinks of wooden parts, such as for instance wooden supports, wood fiber panels, and buildings constructed from other living materials. In order to avoid these problems and to meet the aforementioned requirements, a clear new approach to building buildings is clearly necessary.

The solution: 15

The method according to the invention proposed here, on the other hand, avoids the disadvantages of known types of buildings while at the same time meeting the above requirements. It is therefore based on the principle of obtaining structural accuracy. Furthermore, the building can be erected and assembled in a simple manner and in such a short period of time that the costs of erecting the building can be significantly reduced. In addition, the building can be so simple that it can be done by anyone, and this is also facilitated by the low weight of the structural parts of the building, which only require the use of manual labor. Here, it is also important that the roofing of the building can be erected without the use of any tools or any other complicated equipment, and that the rest of the building be erected using 30 uncomplicated tools. The most important of this method according to the invention may perhaps be seen in that the structure of the building is composed of materials other than wood or with wood-based building materials. Instead, a material with high insulating properties is used to a large extent and for certain structural parts of the building, a material with low or almost no conductivity is used. This, in combination with the ability of erecting the building with the eligible materials, has been used in such a way that the interior is tightly closed and that heat losses from the conduction can be avoided, which for the invention is essential. The 8120014 «ΐ * '3 supporting structure is also made of strong material that has a low thermal expansion coefficient. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the supports, such as, for example, wall supports, are made of metal, preferably in the form of steel profiles or steel deck beams, and that the wall panels located between the wall supports are made of a plastic material consist of providing good insulation both against heat and against cold and consisting essentially of air-containing plastic material, such as, for example, polyure-than, and the wall supports are anchored to the foundation and are also enclosed longitudinally by the wall panels, and the walls erected in such a way can be designed such that they. surrounded by one or more interior spaces, which are covered by a system of part beams, which are made of plastic material, which has good insulation and the truss roof beams are mounted on the wall beams or on the system of deck beams by fastening devices. In certain cases, if a building is to have a first floor, the method is further characterized by manufacturing the facade, standing parts, sloping roof parts and / or floor parts or at least always parts of the facade and the parts mentioned on the insulated connecting spaces, made of plastic, which provides good insulation and are interconnected on the facade and with the parts and surround the system of the truss roof racks or those parts of the truss roof racks, which face the insulated interior spaces. Another special feature of the method according to the invention is that the truss roof supports and other parts of the support construction, which lie at least adjacent to the insulated inner space, are made of metal, such as for instance steel and preferably of steel profiles. A further special feature for the method according to the invention consists in that the necessary thickness of the inner spaces lying to both insulated walls and the necessary insulation of the building is achieved by means of the wall panels, facades and preferably even the floor systems. , which are made of plastic and / or, where applicable, building parts that surround the insulated space of the first floor of the building.

The present invention is suitable for carrying out the method where the building is to be erected on a foundation, such as for instance a base, a cellar or the like, and where the building hereby consists of a skeleton with walls, windows, doors, fans and other openings for a floor, a deck, box-40 work deck carriers and a wall, and where applicable, joist systems, 8 1 2 0 0 1 4 £ 4 4 standing blocks, suitable roof, shutters, and roof openings, windows, doors, for a first floor plus necessary insulation material.

The building is characterized in that the skeleton and the walls have metal wall supports and wall panels consisting of plastic material, in which the wall supports are provided with anchoring devices for anchoring with a ground sill mounted on the foundation or another fixing and control device , and that the wall panel is configured to enclose the wall carrier in the longitudinal direction and to determine the necessary wall thickness and to provide internal insulation, that a partition beam system, a roof or an equivalent is mounted on the wall panels and is arranged for mounting on the application device on the wall panels or mounted on the wall carriers with a hook device and enclosed the necessary insulation, and that in the sub-beam systems lower skeletons or in the skeleton carriers the wall carrier are formed in at least two opposite walls with excellent fastening devices for fastening the truss roof carrier, or that the truss roof carriers are attached to the joist systems. In those cases where the building must have a first floor, the building is further characterized in that the inner space of the first floor is surrounded by facades, panels, parts and floors made of plastic, so that the facades, panels and parts are necessary. have insulation and the facades, panels and parts provide the necessary wall thickness and floor strength and are designed in such a way that adjacent deck support parts can be surrounded.

That which characterizes the building according to the invention in particular must be seen in that the skeleton supports the many beam system blocks, wherein a fastening device stabilizes the skeleton and the tie rods in the deck beam system blocks stiffen the skeleton and the building, whereby the tie rod technique and the sandwich effect are strengthened. in the skeleton utilizes the deck beam systems and the deck, which provide mutual support. Another new idea with the building according to the invention consists in that the building is fixed from the foundation up to the highest part of the building or the roof-facade, whereby the tie rod principle is applied.

35

Brief description of the drawings:

Further details and advantages of the method and the devices according to the invention are apparent from the following description of the invention, at the same time reference being made to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 schematically shows a building skeleton in perspective,

Fig. 2 shows, partly on a larger scale, the top part of a wall according to the cutting line A-A in fig. 1 and partly a bottom part of a wall along the cutting line B-B in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a part of another wall along the cutting line C-C in fig. 1 and a corner part of a building along the cutting line D-D in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the deck beam system according to the cutting line E-E in FIG. 2.

Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a part of a wall carrier and a ground sill for fixing the wall carrier.

Fig. 6 shows a wall support and a ground sill when anchoring the wall support to the ground sill.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an upper part of a wall carrier and parts of a cover plate for mounting and fixing the cover plate.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of an upper portion of a wall for mounting a draw beam system or a floor.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of FIG. 8 with the deck joist system mounted on the floor.

Fig. 10 shows a section of a part of a building.

Fig. 11 shows a part of a cross-section of a building according to a part according to the cutting line F-F in fig. 10.

FIG. 12 schematically shows a part of a roof base over the cutting line G-G in fig. 10.

Fig. 13 shows a section through a part of a building with panels of the building and parts thereof.

Fig. 14 shows part of a partially erected building.

FIG. 15 shows part of a foundation on which a skeleton is aimed.

Fig. 16 shows a part of a wall carrier on a larger scale.

Fig. 17 shows on a larger scale a part of a wall carrier and a ground sill for adapting the wall carrier to the ground sill.

FIG. 18 shows on a larger scale part of a hooking device.

Fig. 19-21 show a section of a building in vertical section, and Fig. 22 a section of a skeleton in horizontal section.

Fig. 23 is a perspective view of a skeleton and beam system.

Fig. 40 24 is a perspective view of a portion of an 8120014 * - «* 6 intermediate support wall.

Fig. 25 shows a truss roof rack and perspective details of a roof rack.

Fig. 26 shows a part of the roof part, of a covering part, of a wall part and of a floor or a part beam piece.

Fig. 27 shows a truss deck support from the side.

Fig * 28 shows part of a tie rod.

Fig. 29 shows part of a lattice deck carrier.

Fig. 30 shows a light wall carrier.

10

Implementation of the invention:

1 shows a building skeleton in fig. 1, in which the skeleton is erected on a foundation 2, which for instance consists of a reinforced concrete base, a cellar, a system of cellar beams, of plinths or the like. The skeleton consists of wall panels 4 and flanking wall supports 3, which can be arranged in the middle of a thickened part 4 of the wall panel, the wall supports 3 in two opposite wall parts of the building can have anchoring devices 13 for anchoring the deck box support 10, see also fig. 2 and 14. The anchoring device 13 can consist of flanges, which are arranged in pairs with for instance a hole 33 for fixing the anchoring device.

The wall supports are made of metal, mainly in the form of steel profiles or steel lattice supports, against which the wall panels 4 are made of plastic material, which provides good insulation against both heat and cold and mainly consists of air-provided plastic material, such as, for example, polyurethane. The wall panels can be provided with windows, doors, fans, ventilation channels or other wall openings as required. The wall supports 3 are intended for anchoring on the foundation 2; for this purpose, the foundation has ground sills 7 or similar devices. Because the building and its parts have been accurately manufactured and optimally pre-manufactured, it is important that the ground sill 7 has a certain anchoring and a correct position on the foundation. Therefore, the foundation 2 is provided with plates of, for example, steel, which are cast in the foundation, see also fig. 10. The ground sill 7 is thereby fixed to the foundation 2 by welding on the cast-in steel plates.

40 Figures 15, 16 and 19 show that the ground sill has 7 eyes 61. With 8120014 * 7 the foundations of the roof, basement or base plate type or the base with a base layer of insulating material, the ground sill has tie rods, as shown, for pouring into the concrete 63. The bottom part 65 also shows a tie rod 64 which is in the concrete 63 is molded in. A wall support 66 can be provided as a reinforcement against wind load and external pressures. When pouring in, the eyes 61 hold the ground sill in place while the concrete hardens. The eyes can be attached with studs, nails, bolts or the like 67. In case a base with underlying insulation is used or during cold weather, the ground sill can be attached by bolts or the like through the eyes.

The ground sill for the intermediate supporting wall 44 can be arranged on the foundation in a corresponding manner, see figures 21 and 24. A bottom connecting part 65 is anchored to the concrete with the tie rod 24 and can be hooked into the reinforcement 68 in the foundation 2. The ground sill here consists of a horizontal U-profile, possibly with eyelets 61. The wall supports have a groove or recess 69 and can be slid onto the ground sill, to rest against the adjacent wall panel 4 and into its groove 70 then the next wall panel is fitted with a groove in the wall carrier and caused to enclose the wall carrier.

Fig. 20 shows the connection of an upper part 65 and an intermediate wall 71. Herewith two Y-shaped plates 72 are applied to the connection and, for example, V-shaped tie rods 73 are guided through the connecting part 72 and poured into the concrete.

FIG. 17 shows that wall supports can be provided with protruding eyes 75 with which the wall support can be anchored to the ground sill 7.

Fig. 5 shows the shape of the bottom part of the wall carrier 3 and of a sill 7. The wall carrier has an opening 23, so that it can be placed astride the ground sill. Furthermore, an anchoring device 25 is shown on the wall carrier in the form of a hook, which is intended for entering the hole 27 in the ground sill. To facilitate hooking the wall carrier, the bottom edge of it is rounded, see 26. By means of this embodiment, the wall carrier can be anchored in the foundation without the use of tools. The hook is fed into the ground sill by resting the wall support on the ground sill and subsequently lifting it against a previously positioned adjacent wall panel to be held by the wall support. For locking the wall carrier, the hook can have a protruding tongue 31, which is inserted into another hole 19 in the 8120014 * 8 * ψ ground sill.

The wall panel 4 located between two wall carriers 3 has a recess in the connecting edge 15 of the wall panel, whereby two adjacent wall panels are placed for enclosing a wall carrier in a longitudinal direction, see figures 3, 14, 15 and 22 Furthermore, the bottom edge of the wall has an opening 24, see Figs. 10 and 21, through which the wall panel can sit astride the ground sill. To ensure a seal between the bottom edge of the wall panel and the foundation, the sealing strip 51 of, for example, air-containing plastic material may be placed on either side of the ground sill, for mounting the wall support. As can be seen from Figure 2, a space 52 is present between the inner surface of the wall panel and the foundation. This space can be filled, for example, with a layered sealing material of polyester or the like, and can be designed, for example, together with the bottom for leveling. 53 indicates schematically that the foundation can be provided with heating hoses.

The top edge of the wall panel 4 has a recess 18, see fig. 8, 14, 15 for receiving a cover plate 8 or a hook device 74. Furthermore, it is shown in fig. 7 that the cover plate 8 is placed for use with other adjacent or adjacent wall supports through the opening or hole 30, as shown. The ends of the cover plate 8 are joined by placing in the openings 30 and are locked together with the locking pin 32 in the form of a link, which is inserted into the holes 36, openings or the like devices in the cover plate. As can be seen from Fig. 7, the wall carrier 3 does not have an anchoring device, i.e. this wall carrier is intended for use in a wall on which no roof compartment carrier is placed.

The cover plate also has the applicator 28, which for example consists of a hole, through which the applicator is intended for applying a deck beam system 6 or a deck to the skeleton. The deck beam system 6 or the deck are mainly designed as deck system blocks and consist of plastic material which provides good insulation, preferably of the same type as used for the wall panels 4. The part beam systems 6 are of excellent provided with pins 16, see fig. 2, for locating the block and with which the pins are connected to the mounting device 28 for mounting the block, so that it rests on the free edge of 40 the skeleton and on inner supporting walls 44 if present, 8120014 X * 9 see fig. 13. The back wall has a corresponding connection, in which the two positioning pins touch. The joist system stiffens the skeleton 1.

As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, a hooking device 74 in 5 the upper edge part 18 can be arranged in wall panel 4, see also Fig. 18. The hooking device extends into the recess 18 between two adjacent wall carriers 3 for hooking in the wall supports.

A hooking device 45, see fig. 14, is mounted on the corner of the building to reach from adjacent wall carrier in the first wall and to connect the connecting panel in the other wall.

Fig. 23 shows how the joist system block 6 is connected to a wall carrier 3 as well as to the wall carrier 3 as a deck truss carrier 10 which can be connected to a wall carrier with flanges 13. A hook 77 is used here which is preferably designed as shown in Fig. 5. One end of the hook is inserted into the opening 78 in the wall support and is then bent back against and around the sub-beam system block and then secured with a pin 79, a hook, bent and punched out of hook material or the like. The joist system is anchored to the fun-20 by means of hooks, wall supports and ground sill. In the sub-beam system there is a groove 76, in which a corresponding sub-beam 9 or a base part of a roof truss carrier is placed, when the roof part is arranged. Thereafter, a new sub-beam system block is provided with a groove which is connected to the roof truss carrier, to which the male sub-beams of the roof truss work carrier belong, between the sub-beam system block. New roof parts are grooved to connect to the remaining roof truss support parts and to close the roof truss supports between the roof parts. A tie rod 87 is placed in the base of the roof truss carrier 9, respectively. in the male joists and holds the 30 roof truss carriers rigidly together.

Figures 25 and 27 show a roof truss carrier and a roof part plus the above-mentioned tie rod. By means of the roof truss carrier 81-85 and a connecting plate 86 on which the roof truss carrier 10 is aimed and fixedly fixed by means of the tie rod 87, whereby the roof truss work carrier and the roof are made rigid.

The tie rod 87 extends through the male bottom beam 9 in the roof truss carrier 10 and is tightly tightened with the aid of the anchor plate 38 and the nuts 9 and holds the roof truss carrier and the roof part.

40 The roof truss carrier 10 or the roof part 81-85 can generally consist of thinner plates with reinforcement plates 90. The wall supports 91 in the partition walls may instead consist of U- or Z-shaped metal profiles, which some material is covered, for example plastic block units, as mentioned above. This achieves a rational superstructure with facades and roof part 80, which can be manufactured with both surface on the inside and on the outside, which are ready for use, ie the outside is weatherproof and the inside, for example, is an already painted deck .

For flat roofs, roof truss supports 10 or male joists can be provided with flanges 13, which extend from the wall support 3.

In Fig. 3 an angle pillar 5 is shown, which is connected to an adjacent wall part 4 and to wall carriers 3. The free top wall of the corner pillar in the skeleton is provided with a plate 56, which has a locking function.

In fig. 4 a cross-section through two erected sub-beam systems is shown over the section EE in fig. 2 and this shows that the block has a recess, after the adjacent block which are placed together as both blocks, a recess 19. to the inner space, see also fig. 9. In this recess the lower skeleton 9 of a roof truss support 10 is placed. For mounting the lower skeleton, the recess can be filled, for example, with a polyurethane compound or such other connection, on which the skeleton 25 is placed in the recess. The lower skeleton 9 holds the joist system block 6. In addition, the lower skeleton keeps the opposite outer walls on parallel placed walls connected to each other, i.e. the lower skeleton secures the walls in the skeleton 1, see arrows 11 in fig. 1.

The above-mentioned wall sills 7, cover plates 8, lower skeleton 9 and roof truss supports 10 are made of metal, for instance of metal profiles, such as square steel profiles. As mentioned above, the wall supports 3 can also be manufactured as square profiles.

The inner space of the first floor of a building is surrounded by deck beam systems, facades, sloping roof parts, standing block parts and / or deck parts, or by at least those parts of the facade and parts used for insulating the inner space 40 and these boundaries, see for instance fig. 13. Façade blocks and parts are therefore made of plastic material, which provides good insulation, preferably of the type of which the above-mentioned wall parts and cover beam system blocks are also manufactured. The necessary thickness and the necessary insulation of the building is achieved by means of plastic wall panels 3 and preferably, where applicable, deck beam system blocks 6 and preferably where applicable facades and even the first floors in buildings with arrangements of existing block parts 37, inclined roof parts 38 and deck parts 39. These blocks, facades and parts are self-supporting, so that the necessary sealing and insulation are achieved thanks to the material properties and the low conductivity. Furthermore, the blocks, facades and parts provide the necessary wall and roof thicknesses and therefore wall panels 3 and even deck beam system blocks 6 on one or both sides, for example, can be made of material with the outer wall surface or an inner wall surface, for example a deck or bottom surface with a suitable shape and pattern. The surfaces of blocks, facades and parts can therefore be manufactured in finished condition and can thus be used in such a way that they are suitable for painting, wallpapering, etc. or so that they have a completely decorated surface. This can be achieved by manufacturing it in one-piece cast material, which in itself, through the choice of material, has the necessary properties. Thanks to the self-supporting design, a space choice is achieved for the division of inner space, and in this context it can be mentioned that inner supporting walls 44 and other inner walls with free placement possibilities can be manufactured from the above-mentioned plastic material 25, but one should not consider insulation here. sizing of internal walls. As a further advantage it can be seen in Fig. 3 that the corner pillar 5 is provided with decorations 55.

A load-bearing interior wall 44 may be provided in the building with priority for the placement of the support of deck beam systems 6. To form other interior walls 71, the deck may be provided, for example, with an edge, a tube or other object, whereby the top edge of the partition wall has an equivalent recess 47 overlying the edge of the deck.

The facades and parts in the first floor of the building are designed in such a way that they enclose adjacent roof truss parts or are at least suitable for enclosing those parts of truss carriers that face the insulated inner space 40. Therefore, the blocks and parts that are present for defining the inner space of a first floor of the building are so constructed with 8120014 * ♦ 12 block connecting edges for receiving or enclosing connecting parts of roof truss supports. In these cases, where facades and facades are present together with connecting blocks and parts, they have a recess 76 for receiving the roof truss supports to be connected, ie on each side of facades facing the interior, and its recesses present for receiving at least that part of roof truss supports adjacent to the insulated binner space. The facades and building parts in the first building floor can even be equipped with doors, windows, ventilation ducts, fans, roof hatches, attic-10 windows and other accessories. The facades, blocks and parts are available in the required thickness and have the required insulation.

Reference is now made to Figs. 10 and 12 in which the erecting device 20 is shown, which for example consists of an L-shaped multilayer unit with a protruding flange 21. The arranging devices 20 are arranged in pairs and comprise a member for a prefabricated roof base 22 or part of the roof base. Here, the roof base is designed as a receiving member, i.e. with a recess or groove, by means of which the roofing base or a part of a roofing base can be arranged on the erecting device 20 via the receiving connection. As a result, the roof base with its recess can be pushed into the protruding flange 21 of the righting flange. The roof base can thus be designed in such a way that it comprises at least one device for a roof channel suspension or the like.

The method for erecting such a completely insulated building thus comprises use of the above-mentioned material or of corresponding building parts. The foundation is provided in advance with a bottom sill or another anchoring and adjusting device. The prefabricated building components for the skeleton can be easily erected by hand, anchoring the wall supports to the foundation. Then the wall panels are anchored to the foundation and forced to connect to the wall supports on the first block edge assembly. The second wall support is then anchored to the foundation and connected to the edge assembly of the already erected wall panel in order thus to fix the wall panel. A second wall panel is then anchored to the foundation and connected with its first block edge element to the second wall support, etc. The skeleton is built in this manner until the last wall panel, which forms the horizontal boundary part of the building, is anchored to the foundation, whereby the last wall panel, which for example consists of an 8 1 2 0 0 1 4 13 corner pipe. the foundation is anchored and connects with its block element edge to the first erected wall support, after which a last wall support is anchored to the block edge assembly of the above-mentioned last wall panel and with the block edge element of the above-mentioned last wall panel. The last erected wall carrier can hereby be anchored by the downward entry into the opening in the block edge element. Alternatively, the last wall panel can be connected to the last wall carrier and the first wall carrier to a hook device. Walls thus erected and any inner walls present are provided with cover plates or hook devices and many beam system blocks are placed and engaged with walls or wall supports and placed on the walls and where appropriate on the free edges of the inner support walls.

In all cases where the building has a first floor, a first roof truss carrier and a first facade are erected for connection to the roof truss carrier or at least to parts of the roof truss carrier. The roof beam system or the bottom is provided with guide strips, if these are missing, where the inner space of the first floor must have standing blocks, they are again connected to the facade or at least part of the roof truss carrier. Where applicable, sloping roof parts and deck parts are erected against upright block parts, which are connected to the facade and the erected roof truss supports, which at least partly surround the interior space, which is enclosed by the facades and parts. After that, a second roof truss carrier is connected. with the aforementioned parts etc. to complete the arrangement of the first interior space of the storey by connecting the first façade part to the last erected roof truss carrier.

Placing the roof and the roof truss supports for a pitch roof is preferably carried out as described above with roof truss support parts 81-86, roof parts 80 and tie rods 87.

According to a special method, the deck parts, sloping roof parts or decks and sloping roof parts connected to standing blocks are arranged with a first block roof element which is connected to the placed roof truss support, after which the deck or the sloping roof part 35 is anchored on the roof truss support, or, is connected to the placed facade, roof rack support and part by means of a connecting device. When such connecting devices are used, a simple tool may be necessary.

If a special roof is formed, its roof parts 40 can be made of the insulating plastic material, which comes in 8120014, as well as the roof tiles.

Industrial applicability: 5 When calculating and preparing a pilot project for a two-storey house, a concrete foundation was chosen. The thickness of the wall parts was 150 mm, made of polyurethane with λ = 0.017, Mi + Mu «0.20, Kw = 0.13. The foundation was provided with a thin smooth layer of cement and placed on a 70 mm thick bottom layer 10 of mineral wool. The roof beam system block had a stiffening effect thanks to the protruding pins, which mesh with the cover plate. The block consisted of 300 mm thick polyurethane and λ = 0.017, Mi + Mu = 0.3, Kw - 0.06. The walls against the sloping roof and the male sub-beam system had a thickness and other properties in accordance with the aforementioned sub-block system. The pilot project showed that it is hardly necessary to add additional heating because the insulation and sealing are so good that one only needs to provide a heating source to provide additional heat in extreme weather conditions. The building is designed in such a way that mechanical ventilation is possible. By using a cover unit it must be possible to cover the total heat requirement.

When the building according to the invention is used in an environment with a warmer climate, a suitable and normal interior temperature can be achieved in a simple manner and with less energy consumption for supplying colder air to the interior of the building.

Without exceeding the principle of the invention, modifications in the method and in the devices according to the invention can be possible. The building can thus have different shapes, a different size, a different bottom version and roof angle and other roofs.

It is also possible from other points of view than described above and indicated to complete the construction of the building with several floors. Wall supports and other load-bearing parts of the skeleton can be enclosed in wall panels and parts, thereby forming a reinforcement or a skeleton cast in the blocks and parts, and as far as the wall panels are concerned these can protrude from the lower and upper edges of the wall panels for anchoring to a foundation or to allow the continuation of the building above the bottom floor. The building has been designed from the outset to maintain existing building module dimensions and as example 40 it may be advisable to limit roof truss supports to 1200 mm.

8120014 15

There is therefore no reason to deviate from existing building standards in terms of size, strength, insulation and sealing. The foundation itself may be of any suitable type and may be, for example, concrete-filled blocks. * Accordingly, the bottom on the foundation 5 or basement joist system may consist of parts made of the eligible plastic material, produced with the desired patterning and embellishment. However, there is a free choice in the use of other bottom, roof and wall cladding as is also the case with regard to the surfaces of panels, plates, carpets, painting 10, etc. In case special exterior fades are required, as for example in the fig. 10., 19 and 22 indicated with 57, a tile-brick wall can be built, preferably with a ventilation air space between the facade and the skeleton. The air space here can be 20 mm, while the tile brick facade can have a thickness of, for example, 120 mm. The foundation can even be provided with an edge insulation 12, for instance of lightweight concrete with a thickness of 100 mm. Other roofs and roof coverings can of course also be used, but according to the example of the method, the roof must be provided with plastic material suitable for roof parts. Here, an air space 59 is present between the roof and the sloping roof. In Fig. 13, a fastening device and the like is shown, for example in the form of a hole, which extends through the roof and parts for the anchoring, or a connecting device for the diametrical connection of the top part of the building or the facades or intermediate 25 building parts. The invention is therefore not limited to that which appears from the example of the method, but only by the following claims.

8120014

Claims (35)

Method for manufacturing a completely insulated building placed on a foundation (2), in which wall supports (3) are made of metal, preferably steel profiles or steel beams, and in which wall panels (4) are placed between the wall supports are made of plastic material which gives good insulation both against heat and against cold, and preferably consists of air-containing plastic material or foam plastic material, such as polyurethane, characterized in that the wall panels (4) are constructed with such block-edge connections (15) that adjacent wall panels can surround a wall support (3) in the longitudinal direction, that a first wall support is arranged and anchored on the foundation (2), a first wall panel is placed on the foundation and is connected to a first block edge -15 bond to said first wall carrier, a second wall carrier is anchored to the foundation and is connected to a second block edge connection of said first wall panel, a second wall panel is connected to the foundation and is connected to its first block edge connection to said second wall support, etc. until the last-20 wall panel, which forms the horizontal dimension of the building, is placed on the foundation and the longitudinally disposed wall supports are enclosed by the wall panels, that adjacent wall supports of each wall are connected to each other by means of cover plates (8) extending between adjacent pairs of wall supports of each wall, the walls being in this manner arranged to form a skeleton (1) provided with carriers (9) resting on two opposing walls of the skeleton, and connection system blocks (6) or cover part blocks made of a plastics material, said carriers and connection system blocks or cover part blocks 30 are in turn placed on the skeleton, which in applicable cases such as the building has a first floor must have deck beams (10) possible facades, upright block sections (37), deck or roof sections (38) and / or deck or roof sections (39, 80) or finally those sections of the facades and sections facing the insulated interior spaces (40) are made of said plastic material and the facades and parts are designed to cooperate with each other and can surround deck beams or at least those parts of the deck beams facing and adjacent the insulated interior space. Method for manufacturing a completely insulated building arranged on a foundation, characterized in that the wall supports (3) 5 are made of metal, preferably of steel profiles or beams, and that wall panels (4) are placed between the wall supports are made of plastic material, which provides good insulation, preferably air-containing plastic material, such as polyurethane, and that the wall supports are anchored on the foundation (2) and are enclosed in the longitudinal direction by the wall panels, which walls arranged in this way, so arranged as to surround some or a number of interior spaces covered with deck beam system blocks (6) made of the plastics material which provides good insulation, that deck truss supports (10) are anchored to the wall supports (3) with fasteners (13) or with the deck beam system blocks (6), which in applicable cases, if the building is to have a first floor, the facades erected block parts (37), deck parts (38) and / or ceiling parts or at least those parts of facades and parts facing the insulated inner space are made of plastic material with good insulation, and to which the facades and the parts are joined together to form the arrangement of deck beams or at least to enclose those parts of the deck beams that face and are adjacent to the insulated interior. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deck beams (10), said beams (9) and also other structural parts (81-85, 8120014 90, 91) for the supporting construction and which are at least close to the insulated interior (40) are made of metal profiles, such as square tubes, Z- or U-shaped profiles, thin plates or other plates. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deck beams (10) and also other construction parts (9, 81-85, 90, 91) for the supporting construction and which enclose at least the insulated inner space are formed from metal profiles, such as square, Z or U-shaped steel profiles, thin plates or other plates. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the last wall panel (4) forms, for example, a corner column block (5) and is placed on the foundation (2) and is connected to its first or only block edge connection with the last wall carrier (3) and that the last wall panel cooperates with said first wall carrier. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that cover parts 30 (38, 80) and preferably also cam parts (50) are made of plastic material with good insulation. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall carrier (3) placed near an angle is connected by means of a cover plate (45) to the adjacent wall panel (4) in the wall and at a right angle. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the necessary thickness and the necessary insulation of the building is achieved by means of said wall panels (4) and facades, where applicable, and preferably even deck beam system blocks (6) and / or other possible parts (37, 38, 39, 80) are made of plastic material. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the free end of the erected walls is provided with cover plates (8) and that said beams (9) are brought into interaction with the cover plates upon attachment. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a wall support is anchored to the foundation (2), a wall panel (4) is anchored to the foundation and is designed such that the wall support is connected to a first block edge connection, a second wall bracket is anchored 8120014 to the foundation to connect a second edge joint of the wall panel, a second wall panel is anchored to the foundation and is configured to cooperate with its first block edge joint with the second wall girder and so on that the last wall panel that crosses the horizon -5 height of the building is anchored to the foundation and co-operated therewith wherein the last wall panel forms, for example, an angle column (5) anchored to the foundation and co-operates with its first or only block edge connection to the last wall support and the last wall panel communicates with the first wall bracket mentioned above, the wall thus extending upwards is provided with connecting system blocks (6) resting on the free edge of the walls, as well as the cover parts (80) and / or the facade parts (38). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam system blocks (6) or the deck part blocks are provided with block edge connections such that said blocks surround said beams (9) or lower skeletons (9) of the deck beams (10). or at least those parts of said beams or said lower skeletons that face and are adjacent to the insulated inner space (40) located below said beams and lower skeletons. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that adjacent wall supports (3) in each wall cooperate with each other by means of a hook device (74) and in that the wall carrier is near a corner by means of a hook device (45 ) is coupled to the adjacent wall panel (4) in the wall at a right angle to it. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam system blocks (6) or deck part blocks are provided with lower skeletons (9) to the respective deck beam (10), the lower skeleton of the deck beam being held together with a tension rod (87), which extends into said lower skeleton. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the free edge of the above-mentioned wall is provided with a cover plate (8) and that the cover beam system block (6) is brought into interaction with the plate when it is erected. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall supports (3) are connected to the beam system block (6) or to deck part blocks by means of hooks (77), which are brought together with the wall supports and also cooperate with an edge of the adjacent beam system or deck. Method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the deck beam system block (6) is provided with bottom parts (9) on the respective deck beam (10) and also that the bottom parts and deck beams are in fixed connection with or that part of the deck beams is anchored with the deck beam system block, part of which is held together with a tie rod (87) in the carrier system block. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deck parts (39) or inclined roof parts (38) or the deck or roof parts connected to standing blocks (37) are erected with a first block edge connection for connecting an erected deck beam (10), after which the deck or roof part is anchored to the roof beam or by means of connecting devices (60), which have been brought together with the erected 8120014 * façade and the erected roof beams and parts. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the wall carriers (3) are connected to the deck beam system (6) by means of hooks (77) which are brought together with the wall carriers and also co-operate with the edge of the adjacent deck beam system. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that supporting inner walls (44) are placed on the foundation (2) before the applicable beam system blocks (6) or deck blocks are assembled into the skeleton (1), while other inner walls (71 ) are installed after the beam system blocks or the deck section blocks are installed. Method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the deck part (39) or the inclined roof part (38) or the deck and the inclined roof part are erected connected to the block (37), wherein the first edge connection of the block is anchored with a mounted deck beam (10), after which the deck part or the inclined roof part is anchored to the deck beam by means of a connecting device which is brought together with the erected facade and the erected deck beams and sections. 11. Implementation of a construction method according to any one of claims 8120014 '18 1 to 10 for a building intended for installation on a foundation (2), such as a base, a cellar or the like and comprising a skeleton (1) with walls and wherein possible windows, doors, fans and other wall openings are present on a bottom floor, deck sections (39), 5 deck beams (10) and roof (80) and where applicable with deck beam systems (6), standing blocks (37), deck members (38) , hatches and roof openings plus necessary insulating material, characterized in that the skeleton (1) with walls consists of metal wall supports (3) and wall panels (4) of plastic material, the wall supports thus being provided with anchoring devices (25, 69 or 75) that anchoring is possible on the foundation (2) by means of a sill (7) or other anchoring and regulating device, plus that the wall panels are designed in such a way that they surround the wall supports in the longitudinal direction and provide the necessary wall thickness. and the necessary insulation, whereby beam systems placed on the wall panels (4), the deck or corresponding member are designed to cooperate with fasteners for the panels or mounted on the wall carriers by means of hook devices (77), and the necessary insulation and that in applicable cases if the building is to have a first floor, the interior space (40) of the first floor is enclosed by the facades, deck parts, blocks, parts and a floor made of plastic material, whereby the facades, deck parts, blocks and parts provide the necessary insulation and that the deck parts, blocks and parts provide the necessary wall and deck thickness and that they are designed to enclose adjacent deck beams (10, 81-86). Building for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the building, which has one or more floors, is intended for erecting it on a foundation (2), such as a base, a cellar or the like and comprises a skeleton (1) with walls and wall supports (3) made of metal, said walls being in the form of wall panels (4) of plastic material with good insulation both against heat and cold and providing the necessary wall thickness and the necessary insulation, whereby the wall supports (3) are designed in such a way that they can be anchored on a sill (7), which is placed in the foundation, and that a beam system (6) or a roof consists of beam system blocks (6) or deck blocks made of plastic material with good insulation against both heat and cold, characterized in that stiffening of the skeleton (1) is obtained by beams 20 (9), lower skeletons (9) of roof beams (10), the beam system (6) or the deck or the gr end devices extending into the beam system or deck, the locking devices having a length greater than the distance between two opposing walls of the skeleton, showing the wall panels (4) block edge connections (15) constructed with recesses in such a way that adjacent wall panels can surround a wall carrier (3) in the longitudinal direction, whereby adjacent panels can cooperate with each other on the exterior of the wall as well as on the interior of the wall, that the girder system blocks or the deck blocks have an edge recess has 30, wherein a first side of the edge recess is intended to cooperate with the end surface of the wall panels and a second side of the edge recess is intended to cooperate with the inner surface of the wall panels, which has a top edge of the wall panels has a recess (18) for receiving cover plates (8) or hook devices (74) that can reach n between the wall supports of each wall, said top edge of the wall panels being designed in such a way that the cover plates or the hooking devices are longitudinally enclosed by the wall panels and the beam system blocks or the cover blocks, and in applicable cases, if the building has a first deepening, has deck beams (10), at least those parts 8120014 of placed deck beams adjacent to an insulated interior (40) are enclosed by applicable facades, upright block members (37), deck or roof sections (38) and / or deck or roof parts (39, 80), or enclosed by at least those parts of the facades and parts facing the insulated inner space and which facades and parts are made of plastic material which provides good insulation against both heat as cold Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the beam system blocks (6) or the deck blocks provide the necessary insulation of the beam system or the deck. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the sill (7) consists of a control element for arranging the building and is firmly anchored in the foundation (2) and that it is formed as an anchoring unit for the wall supports (3 ). Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the wall panels (4) and in applicable cases facades and parts (37, 38, 39, 80) possible windows, doors, fans, ventilation holes or pipes, closures and other wall or show deck or roof vents. Building according to claim 12, characterized in that the wall supports (3) are provided with an anchoring device (25, 69 or 75) by means of which the wall supports can be attached to the sill (7) and in which the wall supports can be anchored and set up. Building according to claim 11 or 13, characterized in that said facades, blocks (4, 6) and parts (37, 38, 39, 80) provide the necessary insulation and the necessary thickness of the walls, beam system and deck and roof. Building according to claim 11 or 13, characterized in that the wall supports (3) consist of metal profiles, preferably square, which in applicable cases are provided with mounting members (13) for deck beams (10) and therefore preferably the take the form of one or two flanges extending from the wall support. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one side or both sides of the wall panels (4) are formed in the material of the external surface of an outer wall, respectively. internal surface of an inner wall, has or possess a suitable shape or pattern. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the edge connections of wall panels (4) have openings (70), through which two 8120014 adjacent wall panels can be placed such that they enclose the wall carrier (3). Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the cover plates 25 (8) or the hook device (74) are designed in such a way that they extend between and interact with adjacent pairs of wall carriers (3) of each wall or at an angle of the building between a wall bracket (3) in a first wall and a wall panel (4) in a second wall. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the top edge of the wall panels (4) has a recess (18) for receiving 5 cover plates (8) or hook devices (74). Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the cover plates 30 (8) are designed in such a way that they can be connected to each other when connected to an adjacent wall carrier (3). Building according to claim 16, characterized in that the cover plate or the like (8, 9) consists of a metal profile and comprises a connecting device (16) for cooperation with the block-shaped beam system or deck, whereby the beam system or the cover part strengthen the skeleton (1) 10. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that a lower edge of the wall panels (4) has a recess (24) for receiving a part of the foundation (2) or for receiving the sill (7), 35 the wall panels surrounding the sill between the wall panels and the foundation. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the beam system (6) or the deck facing away from the inner space (40) has a groove or the like for receiving the lower skeleton (9) of the deck beams, so that the lower frame is configured to fix the beam system or the deck or blocks from which the beam system is formed, and the lower skeleton is configured to retain two opposite walls in an interlocked position. Building according to claim 11 or 18, characterized in that the sill (7) is fixed in the foundation (2) and forms a bearing for the wall panels (4) and a control device for the wall panels and for erecting the building and that it is designed as an anchoring unit 8120014 J 25 for the wall supports (3). Building according to claim 17, characterized in that the cover plates (8) are designed in such a way that they can be connected to each other when they are connected to a nearby wall support (3). 20. Building according to claim 11 or 19, characterized in that the wall supports (3) are provided with an anchoring device (25, 69 or 75), for instance comprising a hook or the like, by means of which the wall supports can be attached on the foundation (2) or on the sill (7), where the wall supports can be anchored and lifted. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the hooking device (74) is designed to extend between and interact with two wall supports (3) or on a corner of the building between a wall support in a first wall and a wall panel (4) in a second wall. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that said girders (9) or lower skeletons (9) are fixedly connected to the connecting parts of the cover plates (8) or the hook devices (74). Building according to claim 11, characterized in that each deck girder (10) consists of different parts (81-85), which are so designed that they are able to be erected to form a deck beam so that the deck joist is held securely together with a tie rod (87) configured to extend into and through a male joist (9) or base member of the joist, achieving stiffening of the skeleton or building by of the tie rod. Building according to claims 11 or 21, characterized in that the beam system (6) or the deck has formed grooves (19, 76) or the like for receiving the beams (9) or the lower frames (9) of the deck beams (10) or said locking devices, the beams or the lower skeletons being configured to hold two opposing walls in a mutually fixed position. 22. Building according to claim 21, characterized in that the pull rod (87) has an anchoring plate (88) for attaching a previously manufactured roof base (22), the roof base being in the form of a holder with an attachment for a suspension or similar device for the roof base. Building according to claim 22, characterized in that the locking devices are designed to reach into the lower skeletons (9) and are designed to lock the beam system blocks (6) or deck blocks and stiffen the skeleton (1) or strengthen. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that where applicable the facade or facades together with connected projections and parts have an opening 40 (76) for receiving a connecting deck part (10), where 8120014 * «is the opening in the facade facing the interior. Building according to claims 11 or 23, characterized in that each roof beam (10) consists of a number of parts (81-85), which are so designed that they can be arranged to form a roof beam, the roof beam being fixed is held together with a tie rod (87) configured to extend into and through the lower skeleton (9). 24. Building as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that where applicable blocks and parts are provided for closing the interior space (40) on the first floor of the building together with block edge connections (76) for receiving connecting parts of adjacent beams (10). Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the cover plates (8) consist of a metal profile and have cooperation members (28) for cooperation with the block-shaped beam system (6) or deck, the beam system or deck the skeleton (1). stiffens or strengthens. 30 Building according to claim 25, characterized in that the beam system base blocks (6) or the deck blocks have protruding pins (16) or corresponding co-operating means configured to extend into the mating devices (28) of the deck plates. (8) wherein the mating devices are preferably formed as 35 holes corresponding to the pins. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one side or both sides of the wall panels (4) are formed in the material of the outer surface of the outer wall, respectively. the inner surface 10 of the inner wall has a suitable shape or pattern. 8120014 AMENDED CONCLUSIONS; Building according to claim 11 or 24, characterized in that the locking devices consist of a tie rod (87) and have an anchoring plate (88) for attaching a pre-manufactured roof base (22). Building according to claim 11, characterized in that the wall supports (3) are provided with fixing devices (13) for the roof beams (10) and preferably have the form of one or two flanges extending from the wall bracket. 29. Building according to claim 11 or 28, characterized in that the 5 lower skeletons (9) are connected to fixing devices (13), which are formed by wall supports (3), the opposite walls being mutually fixed held so that the walls of the skeleton (1) are locked. 30. Building according to claim 11 or 29, characterized in that the bottom skeletons (9) are connected to respective roof beams (10) by means of the fastening members (20). 31. Building according to claim 30, characterized in that the fastening devices (20) are formed as disk-shaped units, for example in the form of an L and have a protruding flange (21), the fastening devices being arranged in pairs and comprising a fastening for a prefabricated roof base (22). 32. Building according to claim 31, characterized in that each roof base (22) is formed as a box and is designed so that it can be fixed on the fastening means (20) by means of a box setting, wherein the roof base has holders for roof base supports or the like. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that applicable facades or the facades together with connected blocks and sections (37, 38, 39, 80) have a recess for receiving a connecting deck beam 25 (10), the recess in the facade is directed towards an interior space at (40). 34. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that applicable upright block parts (37), deck or roof parts (38) or deck and roof parts (39, 40) are provided with a recess (76) in such a way that adjacent blocks or parts can surround a connecting roof beam (10) or a part of such a roof beam in the longitudinal direction. Building according to claim 11, characterized in that applicable blocks and parts (37, 38, 39, 80) for enclosing an insulated inner space (40) on said floor of the building show roof beams (10) formed with a first block edge connection for receiving connecting parts from adjacent roof beams and second block-edge connections for connecting and co-operating with connecting blocks and parts, said second block edge connections being provided with tongues (43) and grooves (42) or corresponding connection 40 resources. 8120014 -