NL2022388A - Method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks, in which method a) in at least one moulding space (2) which is delimited by at least two, preferably four, mould walls (10, 20, 30 30), brick blanks of a first brick format are pressed from a primary material in a first production process, and brick blanks of a second brick format are pressed from a primary material in a second production process, by means of at least one pair 10 of press rams (5 and 6; 7 and 8) that are capable of being converged in a pressing direction (P) into the moulding space (2) between the mould walls (10, 20, 30, 40); b) wherein, between the first production process and the second production process, at least one of the mould walls (10; 10 and 20) of the moulding space (2) by means of an assigned adjustment drive (11; 11 and 21) is adjusted such that the cross section of the moulding space (2), perpendicular to the pressing direction (P), or at least one dimension (Bl, BZ) of the moulding space (2), perpendicular to the pressing direction (P), and on account thereof preferably the brick format, are dissimilar in the first production process and in the second production process.

Description

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Θ 2022388

(21) Application number: 2022388 © Application submitted: January 12, 2019 @ Int. Cl .:

B28B 7/02 (2017.01) B28B 3/08 (2017.01) © Division of application 2018207, filed January 20, 2017

@ Priority: (7 ^ Applicant (s): March 24, 2016 DE 10 2016 105 635.9 Langenstein & Schemann GmbH in Coburg, July 19, 2016 DE 10 2016 113 240.3 Federal Republic of Germany, DE. @ Application registered: θ Inventor (s): March 26, 2019 Lothar Bauersachs in Weidhausen (DE). (43) Application published: April 4, 2019 (74) Agent: P.A. van Essen et al. in Wageningen.

© Method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks

57) Method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks, in which method

a) in at least one molding space (2) which is delimited by at least two, preferably four, mold walls (10, 20, 30 30), brick blanks or a first brick format are pressed from a primary material in a first production process, and brick blanks or a second brick format are pressed from a primary material in a second production process, by means or at least one pair of press rams (5 and 6; 7 and 8) that are capable of being converged in a pressing direction (P) into the molding space (2) between the mold walls (10, 20, 30, 40);

b) in between the first production process and the second production process, at least one of the mold walls (10; 10 and 20) or the molding space (2) by means of an assigned adjustment drive (11; 11 and 21) is adjusted such that the cross section of the molding space (2), perpendicular to the pressing direction (P), or at least one dimension (Bl, B2) or the molding space (2), perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) , and on account, preferably the brick format, are dissimilar in the first production process and in the second production process.

NL A 2022388

This publication corresponds to the documents originally submitted.

No .: P100269NL01

Method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks

Specification

The invention relates to a method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks.

Sand-lime bricks are produced by pressing lime, sand, and water in a press, and by subsequent hardening under steam pressure.

The sand-lime brick formats that are popular in practice for masonry composites or masonry works from sand-lime bricks are described in detail in the KS-Maurerfibel (KS-mason's hornbook) by J. Wessig, publisher: KS-Info GmbH, Hanover , 6 ^th edition 1998. In this way, there are standard formats in the case of sand-lime bricks that are all substantial or cuboid shape, that is to say at the edges of each case abut one another at right angles (90 ° ) and differ only in terms of the rectangular dimensions of width, length, and height. The brick height in the installed state in the masonry work is that height of the brick and of the brick layer that is measured vertically. The brick width in the installed state in the masonry work is the wall thickness, or the masonry thickness as measured horizontally towards the inside, and the brick length in the installed state in the masonry work is the dimension that runs between two adjacent bricks, measured horizontally along a brick layer. The end sides of the brick in the longitudinal direction are more often intermeshed by way of tongue-and-groove connections.

Thus, standard formats include both exactly cuboid bricks having smooth faces, as well as substantially cuboid bricks having tongue-and-groove faces on two mutually opposite sides, for a tongue-and-groove connection to an adjacent brick in the masonry work. Moreover, clearances or through opening may also be provided on one or two mutually opposite sides in standard bricks as gripping aids, or, as opposed to solid bricks or block bricks, for the routing of installations or for the thermal insulation as in perforated bricks or hollow block bricks. So-called planar elements (abbreviated as PE) in comparatively large cuboid formats are employed for a particularly efficient construction of walls (see pages 14 to 20).

There is furthermore a whole slew of special formats in the case of sand-lime bricks, for example so-called U wythes (cf. page 21) or installation bricks having one or two pipe passages, or corner bricks having a pentagonal cross section with rectangular corners and corners having an obtuse angle of, for example, 135 ° or 45 ° (see page 55 or page 21), or so-called radius corner bricks (see page 21 or 52) having rectangular corners and at least one round corner, or else ridge bricks which, apart from rectangular corners, have at least one miter or an oblique side-cut and, on account, may have a triangular or pentagonal shape (see page 93).

The special formats are produced ex works or occasionally also on site by subtracting material, mostly with the aid of a band saw or a circular saw, from a solid cuboid brick, in particular from a PE.

DE 197 56 148 All discloses a method for producing sand-lime brick blanks for planar bricks, and mating pieces that between each two abutting end faces that are disposed so as to be mutually opposite have a specific lateral length, and a device for carrying out the method. Each brick blank is framed by four mold walls, and is molded and pressed between an upper ram and a lower ram, and / or each brick blank by means of groove-shaping means and / or tongue-shaping means is provided with a groove or a tongue on least one abutting end face. For pressing, an end distance between the upper ram and the lower ram is set, and each brick blank post-pressing is unloaded and de-stacked, the latter bears on a level end face. The brick blanks are molded and pressed having the brick length of the mating pieces, and the abutting end faces of the brick blanks are designed by means of the upper ram and the lower ram, and the brick blanks post-unloading and prior to the -stacking by the way of the abutting end faces are then rotated by 90 °. In one particular embodiment (Fig. 3), the upper abutting end face of the mating piece in the blank press is aligned in an obliquely inclined manner and is configured so as to be smooth, that is to say to be free from any groove or web, and the effective lower side of the upper ram also runs so as to be obliquely inclined in a corresponding manner. The brick blanks and four mold walls in the case of this known method and of the associated device have a rectangular cross section, perpendicular to the pressing direction.

DE 10 2006 034 302 All discloses a method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks, in which method at least two molding spaces that differ from one another in a cross section or in at least one dimension, perpendicular to a pressing direction, are used, at least one first molding space is brought or moved to at least one filling position, and a primary material is filled at least once in the at least one first molding space in the at least one filling position and in at least one pressing position by means of a first pair of press rams that are capable of being converged in a pressing direction is pressed in the first molding space to form at least one first brick blank. Subsequently, at least one second molding space is brought to the least one filling position, and a primary material is filled at least once into the at least one second molding space in the at least one filling position, and in the or a further pressing position by means of a second pair of press rams that are capable of being converged in a pressing direction is pressed in the second molding space to form at least one second brick blank. Instead of two molding spaces, a molding that has at least two molding spaces, that is adjusted by means of an adjustment drive, may also be provided for bringing the molding space to the least one filling position. The cross section of the molding space, perpendicular to the pressing direction, has a non-rectangular basic design such that the pressed brick blank also has a non-rectangular cross section. In particular, the cross section for ridge bricks may be triangular, or else for corner bricks may be a polygon at least four or five corners, or else in a part-region may be curved in a convex manner. Moreover, the cross section perpendicular to the pressing direction on at least one side may have at least one clearance and / or at least one protrusion for generating a tongue-and-groove connection face.

A brick press for producing molded blocks having a tongue-and-groove design at least one of the end faces beyond that establish the brick height, based on inorganic materials, with a molding table that has a molding cavity that is surrounded by lateral walls and is aligned in the horizontal, and at least one press ram that is capable of entering the molding cavity vertically and effects the compression of the material that has been brought into the molding cavity is known from DE 298 08 917 Ul. At least one lateral wall of the molding cavity is configured as a shape-imparting press plate that establishes the brick height of the molded block, and is disposed in the molding table so as to be movable by means of a drive apparatus that is connected to said lateral wall, and during the pressing phase of the brick press is fixed to the molding table in a form-fitting manner. The press plates, on the faces, that point into the molding cavity, have molding designs for impressing a tongue-and-groove design into the assigned end of the molded block to the pressed block. In order to generate lateral pressing contact between the press plate, that is on the external side that has a wedge shape, and a counterbearing that is configured on the molding table and that has a counter-running wedge face, a mating wedge is released so as to be controllable by way of a drive member. Also, two mutually opposite lateral walls or even all of the lateral walls of the molding cavity may be configured as lateral press plates that are released in a movable manner. The mating wedge that is capable of being slid between the wedge faces is movable between the wedge faces by means of a first cylinder. One further cylinder, by means of which the lateral press plate is movable post-release or the mating wedge, is assigned to each of the lateral press plates. Prior to filling the molding cavity, the lateral press plates are fixed in a form-fitting manner by driving in the mating wedge between the wedge faces such that upon subsequent compression of the molded block a dimensionally accurate position of the lateral walls of the molding cavity is guaranteed. By selecting dissimilar mating wedges the lateral press plates may be modified in terms of the position such that dissimilar brick heights for the molded blocks are adjustable in a simple manner. Herein, a respective stop for driving in the mating wedge is set up on the molding table. If the lateral press plates are fixed, the lower ram is secured in a zero position, and the upper ram is driven into the molding cavity so far that the desired wall thickness is obtained according to the brick thickness. Upon completion of the compression, the upper ram is driven out of the molding cavity, and the mating wedge is released by the way of the drive member, that is to say the first cylinder. After the mating wedge has been released, the desired movement space for a lateral movement of the press plates is achieved, the latter now, by way of the second cylinder, being disengaged from the tongue-and-groove designs that are established by way of the molded designs on the molded block, such as the ejection of the molded block from the molding table may be performed by driving the lower ram into the molding cavity. Hydraulically or pneumatically operating cylinders, push rods, threaded articulated livers, or eccentrics may be applied as a drive member, both for the movement of the mating wedge, as well as for the movement of the lateral press plates.

In the case of DE 298 08 917 U1 the dissimilar brick formats in the perpendicular dimension to the pressing direction that has been established by the spacing of the press plates are set by different mating wedges. The adjustment of the press plates post removal of the mating wedges only serves for driving the former out of the tongue-and-groove connection, in order for the brick blank to be able to be retrieved and not in order for the brick format to be set.

The invention is now based on the object of stating a new method and a new device for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks, by way of which in particular different brick formats are producible.

Embodiments and subject matter according to the invention, which are suitable for achieving this object, are stated in particular in the patent claims which in particular are directed towards a method for producing brick blanks for masonry bricks, in particular having the features of Claim 1.

Further expires and refinements according to the invention are derived in particular from the patent claims that are respectively dependent on Patent

Claims (4)

Method for producing green bricks for masonry bricks, in particular sand-lime bricks, a) wherein in at least one mold space (2) bounded by mold walls (10, 20, 30) bricks with a first brick size of a first material are pressed in a first production process and green bricks with a second brick size of a first material are pressed in a second production process, by means of a set of press rams (5 and 6; 7 and 8) that are able to come together in a pressing direction (P in the mold space (2) between the mold walls (10, 20, 30, 40); b) wherein at least one of the mold walls (10; 10 and 20) of the mold space (2) is at least partially replaced and preferably adjusted between the first production process and the second production process, so that the cross section of the mold space (2) perpendicular to the pressing direction (P), or at least one dimension (B1, B2) of the mold space (2), perpendicular to the pressing direction (P), and therefore the brick size, in the first production process and in the second production process of differ. Method according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the mold space in the first production process has a first shape, in particular is rectangular, and in the second production process, after replacement of the at least one mold wall, another, in particular not - has a rectangular shape, in particular is triangular or trapezoidal or pentagonal, or has a curved contour. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein between the first production process and the second production process, at least a pressing plate (6, 6 ', 8) on the pressing rams (5, 7) is replaced for adaptation to the processes in the first production process and the second production process uneven cross-section perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) of the mold space (2) or dimension (B1, B2) perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) of the mold space (2). 4. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, a) wherein the mold walls are configured so that they are smooth and / or have no recesses or protrusions for a tongue-and-groove connection, and / or wherein the stone length is generated in the pressing direction and the brick width and brick height perpendicular to the pressing direction are generated and b) wherein, after pressing and before a green brick is ejected, at least one of the mold walls is adjusted outwards by means of a connected adjusting drive, to release this mold wall from the before the latter is ejected.