CN107225653A

CN107225653A - For producing the method and apparatus for building the brick particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones

Info

Publication number: CN107225653A
Application number: CN201710086318.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洛塔尔·鲍尔萨茨斯
Original assignee: Langenstein and Schemann GmbH
Current assignee: Langenstein and Schemann GmbH
Priority date: 2016-03-24
Filing date: 2017-02-13
Publication date: 2017-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2037-02-13
Also published as: NL2018207A; NL2022388B1; NL2018207B1; RU2017109740A3; RU2017109740A; CN107225653B; RU2681711C2; DE102016113240A1; CN110142847B; NL2022388A; CN110142847A

Abstract

The invention discloses for produce build the brick particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones method and apparatus, in the method：A) by least two, it is preferred that four mold walls (10,20,30,40) at least one molding space (2) limited, mold wall (10,20 is arrived by means of that can be merged on pressing direction (P), 30,40) at least one pair of press ram (5 and 6 in the molding space (2) between；7 and 8), the adobe of the first brick form is suppressed from raw material in the first production process, and the adobe of the second brick form is suppressed in the second production process from raw material；B) wherein, between the first production process and the second production process, the mold wall (10 of molding space (2)；10 and 20) at least one by means of specified regulation driver (11；11 and 21) it is conditioned, so that the cross section perpendicular to pressing direction (P) of molding space (2), or at least one size (B1 perpendicular to pressing direction (P) of molding space (2), B2), and it is different in the first production process and the second production process due to its preferred brick form.

Description

For producing the method and apparatus for building the brick particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones

The present invention relates to for producing the method and apparatus for building brick, the particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones.

Sand-lime brick is produced by suppressing lime, sand and water in a press and then hardening under the steam pressure.

It is welcome in practice to be used to build composite by laying bricks or stones or the sand-lime brick form from sand-lime brick of masonry project exists It is described in detail in J.Wessig " KS-Maurerfibel " (KS-mason's hornbook), publisher：KS- Info GmbH, Hanover, the 6th edition, 1998.By this way, there is canonical form in the case of sand-lime brick, it is all big It is rectangular shape on body, i.e. adjacent to each other with right angle (90 °) in each case in its edge, and only in width, length Spend different with its rectangular dimension aspect of height.Brick height in masonry project in the mounted state is the sum of the brick measured vertically The height of brick layer.Brick width in masonry project in the mounted state be wall thickness or be horizontally towards internal measurement build thickness by laying bricks or stones Spend, and the brick length in masonry project in the mounted state is to extend along what brick layer was flatly measured between two adjacent bricks Size.The side in a longitudinal direction of brick is more often intermeshed by means of glossal canal connecting portion.

Therefore, canonical form includes the accurate cuboid brick with even surface, and has on two mutual opposite sides There is the cuboid brick generally of tongued and grooved surface, tongued and grooved surface is used for the adjacent bricks that glossal canal is connected in masonry project.In addition, gap or Through hole can also be arranged on one or two in standard brick mutually on relative side, as clamping assisted parts, or with it is solid Brick or the control of block brick, for the route of facility or for such as the heat insulation in porous brick or hollow block brick.With relatively large The so-called plane component (being abbreviated as PE) of rectangular parallelepiped form is used for the particularly effective construction (referring to page 14 to 20) of wall.

In addition, in the case of sand-lime brick, there are a large amount of special shapes, for example, (the reference of so-called U-shaped leaf wall (wythe) Page 21) or installation brick with one or two pipeline, or with the obtuse angle with rectangular corners and with such as 135 ° or 45 ° Turning pentagonal cross-section corner brick (refer to page 55 or page 21), or with rectangular corners and at least one fillet So-called radius comers brick (refer to page 21 or page 52), or ridge brick, it is in addition to rectangular corners, with least one Oblique angle or hypotenuse otch, and therefore can have triangle or pentagon shaped (referring to page 93).

Special shape is delivered goods in plant produced, or once in a while also at the scene generally by band saw or annular saw by from solid length Cube brick, particularly subtracts material to produce from PE.

The A1 of DE 197 56 148 are disclosed is used for the sand-lime adobe of plane brick for producing, and is being arranged so that each other Relatively, the method for the counterpart between each two adjacent end face with given crosswise length, and for implementing this method Equipment.Each adobe is framed by four mold walls, and is molded and is suppressed between seaming chuck and push-down head, and/or often One adobe is provided with groove or tongue by means of groove building mortion and/or tongue building mortion at least one adjacent end face.For Each adobe after compacting, the threshold value between setting seaming chuck and push-down head, and compacting is unloaded and unloaded stacking, its Middle the latter is supported on horizontal end face.Adobe is molded and is pressed into the brick length with counterpart, and the abutting end of adobe Face is designed by means of seaming chuck and/or push-down head, and after the unloading and unloading stack before adobe by means of adjoining Then end face is rotated by 90 °.In a particular (Fig. 3), the upper adjacent end face of the counterpart in blank forcing press Alignd, and be configured to smooth in inclined mode on the bias, i.e. without any groove or web, and seaming chuck is effective Lower side also extends to tilt on the bias in the corresponding way.In the example of the known method and relevant device, adobe and Four mold walls have the rectangular cross section perpendicular to pressing direction.

The A1 of DE 10 2,006 034 302 are disclosed for producing the method for building the brick particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones, In this method, using at least two molding skies different from each other on the cross section of pressing direction or at least one size Between, at least one first molding space is brought to or is moved at least one filling position, and raw material at this at least one It is filled into filling position at least one first molding space at least one times and at least one pressing position, by It is pressed in the first pair of press ram that can be merged on pressing direction in the first molding space, to form at least one First adobe.Then, at least one second molding space is taken at least one filling position, and at this, at least one is filled out Raw material in position are filled to be filled at least one second molding space at least one times, and in the pressing position or in addition Pressing position in pressed by means of the second pair of press ram that can be merged on pressing direction in the second molding space Make to form at least one second adobe.Instead of two molding spaces, it can also set with by means of adjusting driver regulation At least two molding spaces molding punch die (moulding die), for taking molding space at least one filler Put.There is non-rectangle Basic Design perpendicular to the cross section of the molding space of pressing direction so that institute's repressed brick base also has There is non-rectangle cross section.Especially, the cross section for ridge brick can be triangle, or for corner brick, can To be the polygon with least four or five turnings, or it can bend in a convex manner in subregion.In addition, The cross section perpendicular to pressing direction at least one side can have at least one gap for being used for producing glossal canal joint face And/or at least one protuberance.

A kind of brick machine for being used to produce molding block is known according to the U1 of DE 298 08 917, and the brick machine is at its end In at least one of face there is glossal canal to design, the end face determines brick height based on inorganic material, brick machine has molding station, moulds Platform has the molding cavity for being surrounded by side wall and being alignd in the horizontal direction, and at least one press ram, and this at least one Individual press ram can vertically enter into molding cavity and realize the compression for the material being brought into molding cavity.Molding cavity At least one side wall be configured to determine the pressing plate of the imparting shape of the brick height of molding block, and be arranged in molding station, with Just it is moveable by means of the drive device for being connected to the side wall, and matches somebody with somebody during the pressing stage of brick machine in form The mode of conjunction is fixed to molding station.Pressing plate is pointed on the face of molding cavity with to be pressed for glossal canal design to be impressed at it Mould the molded design in the specified end wall of block.In order to produce lateral compacting between pressing plate and bearing (counterbearing) Contact, the pressing plate has wedge-type shape on the outside, and the bearing is configured in molding station and with oppositely extending wedge surface, Coordinate wedge is arranged so that by means of drive member it is controllable.Moreover, two of molding cavity mutual relative side walls or very The lateral pressing plate that can be configured as in a movable manner setting to all side walls.The cooperation that can be slided between wedge surface Wedge is moveable between wedge surface by means of the first cylinder.One other cylinder is assigned to each in lateral pressing plate, borrows Help the other cylinder, lateral pressing plate is moveable after being discharged with jib and cotter.Before filling molding cavity, by driving wedge surface Between in form-fitting manner fix lateral pressing plate with jib and cotter so that when moulding the subsequent compression of block, it is ensured that molding The accurate in size position of the lateral sidewall of chamber.By select it is different match somebody with somebody jib and cotter, lateral pressing plate can be changed in terms of its position Become so that the different brick height for moulding block are adjustable in a straightforward manner.Here, for being driven in jib and cotter Respective stop part be arranged in molding station.If lateral pressing plate is fixed, push-down head is fixed in zero position, and upper pressure Head is driven in molding cavity so that obtain the wall thickness according to needed for brick thickness.When completing compression, seaming chuck is driven out Molding cavity, and with jib and cotter by means of drive member, i.e. the first cylinder, it is released.After being released with jib and cotter, it is used for The required mobile space of the lateral movement of pressing plate is implemented, and pressing plate is now by means of the second cylinder and by means of it on molding block Molded design determine glossal canal design depart from so that molding block can be by the way that push-down head be driven into mould from the ejection of molding station Performed in chamber processed.Hydraulic pressure or pneumatically-operated cylinder, push rod, screw thread hinged lever or eccentric part may be used as drive member, both The movement of lateral pressing plate is also used for for the movement with jib and cotter.

In the U1 of DE 298 08 917 example, in the size perpendicular to pressing direction determined by the spacing of pressing plate Different brick forms is set with jib and cotter by different.After removing and matching somebody with somebody jib and cotter, the regulation of pressing plate be only used for by the former from Displaced in glossal canal connecting portion, so as to adobe is fetched, rather than setting brick form.

The present invention is now based on explanation and builds the new method of brick, the particularly adobe of sand-lime brick and setting newly by laying bricks or stones for production Standby purpose, especially by the new method and new equipment, different brick forms is producible.

Particularly elaborated in Patent right requirement according to the present invention be adapted for carrying out the purpose embodiment and Theme, it is used for the method that the adobe of brick is built in production by laying bricks or stones more particularly to particularly with the feature described in claim 1, and relates to And it is used for the equipment that the adobe of brick is built in production by laying bricks or stones particularly with the feature described in Patent right requirement 11.

Especially it is derived from being subordinated to patent right respectively according to the other design embodiment and improvement project of the present invention It is required that 1 and claim 11 Patent right requirement.

It is claimed that selecting for Patent right requirement is not limited to according to the feature of the present invention and the combination of theme Description and selected return are quoted.But, each feature of a class claim of such as equipment can also be another kind of Claim, for example, be claimed in one approach.In addition, in the Patent right requirement that the return for being also independent from the latter is quoted Each feature can be with being claimed in any combination of one or more of Patent right requirement further feature.This Outside, described in specification or accompanying drawing or each disclosed feature can itself, be mentioned wherein independently of the feature Context or the context that is mentioned wherein from the feature discretely, individually or with Patent right requirement or explanation It is claimed described in book or accompanying drawing or in any combinations of disclosed one or more of the other feature.

The method that one kind builds brick, the particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones for production, the purpose is realized by means of this method, In one embodiment, this method includes following methods step：

A) by least two, at least one molding space that preferably four mold walls are limited, by means of can be in pressure Merged on direction processed at least one pair of press ram in the molding space between mold wall, from original in the first production process Material suppresses the adobe of the first brick form, and the adobe in the second production process from raw material the second brick form of compacting；

B) between the first production process and the second production process, in the mold wall of molding space at least one by means of The regulation driver specified is regulated so that the cross section perpendicular to pressing direction of molding space, or molding space is vertical In at least one size of pressing direction, and due to its preferred brick form, in the first production process and the second production process It is different.

Purpose setting also builds brick, the particularly equipment of the adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones to realize by one kind for production, should Equipment is arranged to be particularly used for implementing in the method in embodiment of the present invention, and has：

A) at least one molding space, it is by least two, and preferably four mold walls are limited；

B) facility is filled, it is used to fill molding space using raw material；

C) and at least one pair of press ram, it can be bonded to the molding space between mold wall on pressing direction In, for from the raw material pressing unfired brick being filled into molding space；

D) wherein at least one mold wall is adjustable by means of specified regulation driver so that molding space hang down Directly at least one size perpendicular to pressing direction of the cross section of pressing direction, or molding space, and because its is preferred Brick form, it is different to be adjustable in the first production process and the second production process.

E) and wherein the adjustable die wall or each adjustable die wall, which are designated, related keeps facility (retaining installation), for being kept during the first production process and during the second production process, wherein The holding facility or each holding facility do not change by means of the position for the mold wall for adjusting driver setting.

Preferably, after at least one mold wall regulation, the mold wall is then during the first production process and the It is kept during two production processes by means of at least one related holding facility, and keeps facility between production process Before regulation, it is released or disables, and is fixed or activated again after regulation.

At least one regulation driver can be pneumatically or hydraulically driver, particularly pneumatically or hydraulically piston and cylinder system (piston-and-cylinder system).In addition, at least one regulation driver can be the driving operated by electric notor Device, particularly spindle driver.

At least one keeps facility to be preferably integrated into the regulation driver of correlation, especially as pneumatically or hydraulically living Plug and the locking between the piston and cylinder of cylinder system or braking equipment, or it is used as the locking on the main shaft of spindle driver or system Dynamic equipment, or as in electric notor, such as the mechanical motor brake on the rotor of electric notor.

At least one keeps facility to be independently of the unit of related regulation driver, and can especially include The locking bolt and lock up gap of interaction, the locking bolt and lock up gap of the interaction can especially configure or It is arranged on molding case and in one or two the side part (lateral being preferably provided on support section of mold wall Part on).

In one embodiment, with its mold wall the inside that at least one molding space is arranged on molding case is empty Between in, wherein related regulation driver is preferably fastened to mould case, and be especially at least partially disposed on molding case Inner space in.

In a modification, between the first production process and the second production process, by means of specified regulation driver Adjust the only one in the mold wall of molding space.Molding space, or its mold wall, after mold wall regulation, particularly by shifting Position molding case, it is placed in the middle preferably relative to the center pressure arbor line of press ram so that the mold wall that is adjusted and relative Mold wall be equally spaced with center pressure arbor line.

In another modification, between the first production process and the second production process, two of molding space are mutually mutual To mold wall be conditioned by means of specified regulation driver, it is and excellent relative to the center pressure arbor line of press ram Selection of land is placed in the middle, or is conditioned while keeping placed in the middle, or be regulated so that in a centered manner two it is being adjusted, mutually Relative mold wall is equally spaced with center pressure arbor line.

In a specific embodiment, mould partition wall can be it is installable or may be mounted at two can adjust Between mold wall, molding space is divided into (or subdivision) into two single molding spaces, two lists by the mould partition wall On the one hand only molding space is each limited by an adjustable mold wall, and is on the other hand limited by mould partition wall.By This, two relatively small brick forms, rather than a relatively large brick form is producible.The relatively large brick shape Formula can be produced again by removing mould partition wall.

In brick, the particularly other modification of the method for the adobe of sand-lime brick is built by laying bricks or stones for production, the modification can With with combining according to other embodiments of the present invention,

A) at least one molding space limited by mold wall, mould is arrived by means of that can be merged on pressing direction A pair of press rams in molding space between wall, suppress the brick of the first brick form in the first production process from raw material Base, and the adobe in the second production process from raw material the second brick form of compacting；

B) between the first production process and the second production process, at least one in the mold wall of molding space is by least Partly replace and be preferably regulated so that the cross section perpendicular to pressing direction of molding space, or molding space is vertical Directly at least one size of pressing direction, and due also to its preferred brick form, was produced in the first production process and second It is different in journey.

Especially, the cross section of molding space can have first shape in the first production process, particularly can be Rectangle, and in the second production process after the replacement of at least one mold wall, can have another shape, especially be non- Rectangular shape, can be particularly triangle or trapezoidal or pentagon, or can be provided with the profile of bending.

In a preferred embodiment, between the first production process and the second production process, in each situation Under, a pressing plate on press ram be replaced with adapt to molding space perpendicular to pressing direction in the first production process The different cross section with the second production process, or molding space the size perpendicular to pressing direction.

In an other modification, it is proposed that the method that one kind builds brick, the particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones for production, This method can be with combining according to other embodiments of the present invention, and this method includes following method and step：

A) at least one molding space limited by mold wall, adobe on pressing direction by means of that be able to can be bonded to A pair of press rams in molding space between mold wall are suppressed from raw material, and subsequently, by means of in press ram One from molding space eject；

B) wherein mold wall be configured as it is smooth and/or without any recess or protrusion for glossal canal connecting portion Portion, and/or the generation brick length wherein on pressing direction, and brick width and brick high perpendicular are in pressing direction generation, and

C) wherein, after compacting and before adobe is ejected, at least one of mold wall is driven by means of related regulation Device is adjusted outwardly, to discharge the mold wall from adobe before adobe is ejected.

The present invention will be further explained below by way of exemplary.Herein referring also to accompanying drawing, wherein every In the case of kind schematically,

Fig. 1 illustrates the molding case for brick machine in the position for the first brick form with plane, moulds case Adjustable mould with two adjustable die walls of band；

Fig. 2 illustrates the mould for brick machine as shown in Figure 1 in the position for the second brick form with plane Case processed, molding case has the adjustable mould of two adjustable die walls of band；

Fig. 3 to 6 with plane illustrate for by the adjustable mould with two adjustable die walls from relatively Small brick form is converted into the order of the method and step of relatively large brick form；

Fig. 7 to 10 with plane illustrate for by the adjustable mould with an adjustable die wall from relatively Small brick form is converted into the order of the method and step of relatively large brick form；

Figure 11 shows molding case with one adjustable mould of band and two press rams with longitudinal cross-section Brick machine；

Figure 12 illustrates the brick machine for Fig. 1 or the molding case of the method for Fig. 3 to 6 with plane, and molding case has The adjustable mould of adjustable die wall with two different shapes；And

Figure 13 illustrates the brick machine for Fig. 1 or the molding case of the method for Fig. 3 to 6 with plane, and molding case has Adjustable mould, the adjustable mould is with two adjustable die walls and for constructing the one of two molding spaces Individual mould partition wall.

List of reference signs

2nd, 2A, 2B molding space

3 molding casees

4 inner spaces

5th, the upper press ram of 5A, 5B

6th, 6', 6A, 6B top board

7 times press rams

8 lower platens

10 mold walls

11 regulation drivers

12nd, 12' pressing plates, press portion

14 support sections

15 lock up gap

16th, 17 side part

18 lock up gap

20 mold walls

21 regulation drivers

22 anti-wear components

24 support sections

25 lock up gap

26th, 27 side part

28 lock up gap

30 mold walls

35 locking bolts

38 locking bolts

40 mold walls

55 upper presser units

57 push head unit

60 keep facility

70 keep facility

80 mould partition walls

A central axis

B1, B2 brick width

H bricks height

L brick length

P pressing directions

V regulation movements

In the accompanying drawings, identical part and variable have identical reference marker.

Fig. 1 to 10 and Figure 12 and Figure 13 with plane illustrate for press ram (not shown in Fig. 1 to 10, But only figure 11 illustrates) pressing direction on production adobe (or repressed brick base), the compacting of particularly sand-lime adobe is set The exemplary of a part for standby or brick machine, the press device or brick machine have molding case (or molding punch die) 3, The molding case (or molding punch die) 3 has such as rectangle outline and adjustable mould, and the adjustable mould is set Put in the inner space 4 of the especially same rectangle of molding case 3.Adjustable mould, which has, to be treated full of particularly for pressing The molding space (or press-space) 2 of the raw material to be pressed of sand-lime brick processed, the molding space 2 is mutual by multiple preferably four Adjacent mold wall 10,20,30 and 40 is limited, and in pressing process, press ram is introduced into from top and bottom Or insert in two open side.

For pressing unfired brick, lower press ram 7, as shown in Figure 11, it has wearing plate or the pressure being attached to thereon Plate (or top plate) 8, is driven in molding space 2 from below, and by the latter towards sealed bottom, this is due to that pressing plate 8 is adapted to mould The cross section in space 2 processed.Raw material are filled followed by filling facility from top, and then the raw material pass through driving The upper pressure of cross section with wearing plate or pressing plate (or top plate) 6 the and similarly suitable molding space 2 being attached to thereon Compressing head 5, and by driving lower press ram 6 to be compressed to from top in molding space 2 from below, in each situation Under on pressing direction P toward each other.The central axis A of press ram 5 and 6 also preferably extends through mould with Central loop Space 2 processed.For upper press ram 5 upper presser unit by 55 mark, for depressing press ram 7 push head unit by 57 marks.Presser unit 55 and 57 can be implemented in a way known, and including the branch for press ram 5 and 6 Support member and/or guide member and driver, and can be arranged on pressure machine frame or support.

It can be noted that mold wall 10 and 20 such as in Fig. 1 to 10, between mold wall 30 and 40, especially as mould Has the spacing between wall 30 and 40, with size H, size H preferably corresponds to brick height, and size H, due to its conduct The critical size in especially size in masonry project, so that accurately mode is determined in accurate and size.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 to 6 and Figure 12 and Figure 13 exemplary, the adjustable mould It is adjustable or displaceable two mold walls 10 and 20 that are mutually relative and being parallel to each other to be included on regulation direction V, and The two fixing mould walls 30 and 40 extended perpendicular to mold wall 10 and 20.

In Fig. 7 to 10 exemplary, the adjustable mould have can adjust on regulation direction V or A displaceable mold wall 10, and three fixing mould walls 20,30 and 40.

Spacing between the mold wall 10 and 20 measured on regulation direction V, and therefore correspond to the spacing, indirectly Adjacent molding space 2 and in terms of adobe effective mold wall 30 and 40 size, (join at least one first value B1 now Examine Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 and Fig. 9 and Figure 10) and second value B2 (referring to figs. 2 and 3 and Fig. 4 and Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) between be It is adjustable.

The spacing between mold wall 10 and 20 preferably corresponds to the brick width of repressed brick base, and the brick width is then Corresponding to the wall thickness of masonry project.

However, in principle, size H is also used as brick width, and size B1 and B2 may be used as brick height, or size One in H and B1 or B2 even may be used as brick length.

Therefore, by adjusting mould, identical mould can be used to suppress with different size B1 and B2, It is preferred that at least two brick forms of brick width.

Therefore, in regulating step, mold wall 10 and 20 is set as size B1, and is fixed or maintained at the position, And then multiple adobes of first brick form of the compacting with the size or brick width B1 and other size H, wherein using There is size H and B1 corresponding press ram 5 and 7 or pressing plate 6' or 8 or wearing plate on press ram.

And if when brick form is changed to size or brick width B2, in the second regulating step, mold wall 10 now It is set as size B2 with 20, and is fixed or maintained in the position.Now, with the size or brick width B2 and other size Multiple adobes of H the second brick form are pressed, wherein, before this, change the pressure on press ram or press ram Plate 6 or wearing plate, to adapt to new size H and B2.

Forcing press, the particularly central axis A of press ram 5 and 7 preferably passes through mould with placed in the middle or Central loop Space 2 processed and/or the extension between two adjustable die walls 10 and 20.Therefore, mold wall 10 and 20 preferably with symmetrical or Mode placed in the middle is regulated so that the mold wall 10 and 20 and central axis A is equally spaced when placed in the middle, i.e. The spacing is B1/2 or B2/2 at each occurrence.This causes uniform central loading of the press ram by press power.

In order to which along regulation direction V regulation mold walls 10, there is provided the regulation driver 11 of related first, it sets at least in part Put in the inner space 4 of molding case 3, and fasten or be connected to the first wall and related mold wall 20 of molding case 3.In order to Along regulation direction V regulation mold walls 20 there is provided the regulation driver 21 of related second, it is at least partially disposed on molding case 3 Inner space 4 in, and fasten or be connected to molding case 3 second wall relative to the first wall and be connected to related mould Wall 20.

Especially, pneumatically or hydraulically driver can be selected, particularly pneumatically or hydraulically piston and cylinder system, or by electricity The driver of motor operation, preferably spindle driver, are used as regulation driver 11 and 21.

In one embodiment, regulation driver 11 or 21 has fixed or keeps facility, and this fixes or kept facility The adjustable die wall 10 or 20 for adjusting driver 11 and 21 and being therefore directed to thereon is maintained in setting position.This Can be that locking or braking particularly between the piston and cylinder of pneumatically or hydraulically driver are set in regulation driver 11 or 21 It is standby, or the locking mechanism on the main shaft of spindle driver, or in electric notor, for example, the mechanical horse on the rotor of motor Up to brake.The self-sustaining embodiment of this self-locking or position of regulation driver 11 or 21 with integrated holding facility It is preferred.

It can be combined with the embodiment, or can be an embodiment of optional embodiment, be mold wall 10 or 20 provide the independent holding facility (or lock-out facility, fixation means) 60 or 70 separated with regulation driver 11 or 21, should Keep facility 60 or 70 that adjustable die wall 10 or 20 is kept into (or locking, fixation) in the position provided for corresponding brick form In.The holding facility 60 or 70 of such separation can have it is for example automatically activatable by means of controllable lock cell, Or manually activatable corresponding locking bolt, and the lock up gap being for example engaged with each other perpendicular to regulation direction V.In addition, Fixture is also used as keeping facility.

In the exemplary according to Fig. 3 to 10, during each adjustable die wall 10 or 20 is included accordingly Heart support section 14 or 24, and be arranged on before adjustable die wall 10 or 20, form the actual size of molding space 2 Corresponding wearing plate or pressing plate 12 or 22, and extension to produce corresponding the two of special U-shaped design on regulation direction V Individual side part 16 and 17, or 26 and 27.The locking spiral shell for being individually secured to mould case is corresponded respectively in quantity and position Two kinds of forms B1 and B2 of bolt 35 and 38 lock up gap 15 and 18 are preferably located in the side part 16 and 17 of mold wall 10. Two kinds of forms B1 and B2 for being individually secured to the locking bolt 35 and 38 for moulding case are corresponded respectively in quantity and position Lock up gap 25 and 28 is preferably located in the side part 26 and 27 of mold wall 20.

In all embodiments, the mold wall 10 of regulation, or 10 and 20 position by adjusting driver accordingly 11 and 21 and by its reach terminal position pre-defined and determination.Keep no matter facility is integrated in regulation driver also It is, as the holding facility 60 or 70 being arranged on outside regulation driver, not influence the position of mold wall 10 or 20 preferably, and It is only to retain the latter in the position set by regulation driver 11 or 21.In other words, when holding facility activated or disabled When, the position of mold wall 10 or 20 will not be changed.

Therefore, being kept in two terminal positions for size B1 and B2 or fixing foot is to realize with brick width B1 Conversion between B2 brick form.

It is preferable, however, that the holding or fixing function are in multiple positions, such as between bl and b 2, or including B1 With performed in B2 adjustable range in quasi-continuous mode, thus the continuous adaptation of brick form is possible.

Fig. 3 to 6 shows the order that bigger brick width B1 is converted to from the brick width B2 of a brick form.

Fig. 3 shows the home position of the mould for suppressing the adobe with brick width B2.Two mold walls 10 Spacing B2 has been set to by their adjustable driver 11 and 21 with 20, and by means respectively of their side part 16 With 17, or 26 and 27, by means of keeping facility 60 and 70, particularly by means of being for example engaged respectively within lock up gap 15 and 18, Or eight locking bolts 35 and 38 in 25 and 28, it is kept on regulation direction V.Press ram carrying is suitable for brick width B2 pressing plate, upper press ram 5 carries pressing plate 6.The central axis A of press ram 5 and 7 is preferably relative to pressing plate 6 and 8 And mold wall 10 and 20 is placed in the middle, or it is correspondingly the axis of symmetry for molding space 2.

According to Fig. 4, facility 60 and 70 is kept to be deactivated now；Especially, locking bolt 35 and 38 is driven out locking Gap.Mold wall 10 and 20 is freely adjustable now.

According to Fig. 5, the present He of wall 10 that moved moulds in a symmetrical manner on regulation direction V of regulation driver 11 and 21 20, until spacing B1>B2 so that the central axis A of press ram 5 and 7 keeps placed in the middle.Pressing plate on press ram 5 and 7 It is replaced, and is suitable for new brick width B1 pressing plate 6 and 8 and is mounted.

According to Fig. 6, facility 60 and 70 is kept to be activated again；Especially, locking bolt 35 and 38, which is driven to, corresponds to In new spacing B1 new lock up gap.Mold wall 10 and 20 is fixed again now, and the adobe with brick width B1 shows It is pressed the mould can be used.

In order to be transformed into less brick width B2 from larger brick width B1, step is performed with antipodal order, i.e. Performed according to from Fig. 6 via Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 to Fig. 3 order.

Fig. 7 to 10 now illustrates the transfer process of adjustable mould, and the adjustable mould only has one Adjustable die wall 10 and three fixing mould walls 20,30 and 40.

Fig. 7 shows the home position of the mould for suppressing the adobe with brick width B2.Mold wall 10 is Driver 11 is adjusted by it and is set to the spacing B2 away from mold wall 20, and by means of its side part 16 and 17, by means of protecting Facility 60 is held, particularly by means of the locking bolt 35 and 38 being bonded in lock up gap 15 and 18, is protected on regulation direction V Hold.Press ram carries the pressing plate for being suitable for brick width B2, and upper press ram 5 carries pressing plate 6.Press ram 5 and 7 Central axis A be preferably set to it is placed in the middle relative to pressing plate 6 and 8 and mold wall 10 and 20, or for molding space 2 The axis of symmetry.

According to Fig. 8, facility 60 is kept to be deactivated now；Especially, locking bolt 35 and 38 is driven out lock up gap. Mold wall 10 is freely adjustable now.

According to Fig. 9, regulation driver 11 makes mold wall 10 move away from mold wall 20 on regulation direction V now, until Spacing B1>B2.Facility 60 is kept to be activated again；Especially, locking bolt 35 and 38 is driven to corresponding to new spacing B1 New lock up gap in.Mold wall 10 and 20 is kept again now.

However, due to the one side regulation of mold wall 10, the central axis A of press ram 5 and 7 is shifted with eccentric manner. Therefore, according to Fig. 9, molding case 3 is additionally now unlocked and is displaced to position Z1 from position Z0 on direction of displacement Z so that Central axis A is again positioned at the center of molding space 3 and between mold wall 10 and 20, described to mould case 3 then again It is locked.According to Figure 10, the pressing plate on press ram 5 and 7 is replaced now, and is adapted to new brick width B1 pressing plate 6 and 8 It is mounted.

In order to be transformed into from compared with syphon width B1 compared with calculon width B2, these steps are performed according to Figure 10 order, then Pressing plate is changed into lesser width B2, then according to Fig. 9 to Fig. 8, release keep facility 60, by mold wall 10 from B1 adjust to B2, is fixed followed by holding facility 60, and keeps mold wall 10 according to Fig. 7, and then according to Fig. 9 to according to figure 8 reverse procedure, only makes molding case 3 to return position d.

Regulation driver 11 or 21 also allows other function or operator scheme, wherein before ejection adobe, can adjust Mold wall moves less distance outwardly, therefore is discharged from blank.Thus, it is possible to be substantially reduced frictional force and ejection power.

In addition, in another embodiment, support section 14 or 24 can be by means of adjusting driver 11 or 21 from another One mold wall 30 and 40 is driven outwardly then can be with for one or two in tool changing, and pressing plate 12 or 22 By with another profile, particularly in terms of the cross section relative to pressing direction P, for example, the pressing plate of triangular-shaped profile or Press portion is replaced so that in terms of cross section be triangle or pentagon or trapezoidal or with bending, particularly recessed Or the special shape of convex profile is producible.Therefore, according to application, brick rotates again, or brick length, brick width, brick height The size of degree is exchanged.

Figure 12 shows the exemplary of such modification, and wherein cross section is wedge shape or the press portion of triangle (or anti-wear component) 12' is mounted or used on the support section 14 of mold wall 10, rather than on straight pressing plate 12.Mold wall 10 die face abutted with molding space 2 is the tabular surface on wedge shape or triangle press portion 12' inner side now, and this is put down Smooth face is tilted relative to regulation direction V with an angle.Thus, molding space 2 is no longer rectangle on cross section but trapezoidal. Another pressing plate 22 on mold wall 20 is constructed as shown in Figure 6, for example so that be straight and perpendicular to regulation direction V, It can also be replaced with press portion of different shapes.

In a specific embodiment according to Figure 13, mould partition wall 80 in addition is used as central web or conduct Center wall is mounted or provided, for example, carried out from Fig. 6, in particular so that placed in the middle in central axis A region, the mould separates Molding space 2 is divided into two single molding space 2A and 2B by wall 80, and each is used for one that produces relatively small form Adobe.Molding space 2A be located between adjustable die wall 10 and mould partition wall 80, and the second molding space 2B be located at can Adjust between mold wall 20 and mould partition wall 80.Each molding space 2A is assigned with related press ram to 2B, its In, the upper press ram 5A with the top board 6A for molding space 2A is schematically depicted, and wherein, schematically Ground depicts the upper press ram 5B with the top board 6B for molding space 2A.From with two adjustable die walls An initial molding space, has formed the molding space 2A and 2B two smaller separated by mould partition wall 80, often now One difference only has an adjustable die wall 10 or 230.Mould partition wall 80 preferably can be as requested or required Brick form be mounted or remove.

The pressure brick of the cooperation of the press device therefore particularly with the adjustable tool system for different brick forms Machine.

Claims

1. the method that one kind builds brick, the particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones for production, in the process

A) at least two, at least one molding space (2) that preferably four mold walls (10,20,30,40) limit, borrow Help to merge on pressing direction (P) and arrive in the molding space (2) between the mold wall (10,20,30,40) At least one pair of press ram (5 and 6；7 and 8), the adobe of the first brick form is suppressed from raw material in the first production process, and And the adobe of the second brick form is suppressed from raw material in the second production process；

B) wherein, between first production process and second production process, the mould of the molding space (2) Wall (10；10 and 20) at least one by means of specified regulation driver (11；11 and 21) it is regulated so that the molding The cross section perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) in space (2), or the molding space (2) perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) at least one size (B1, B2), and due to its preferred brick form, in first production process and second life It is different during production.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, be arranged on mould with least one molding space described in its mold wall In the inner space (4) of case (3) processed, wherein related regulation driver is preferably fastened to the molding case, and especially In the inner space for being at least partially disposed on the molding case.

3. the method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, in first production process and second life Between production process, the only one in the mold wall (10) of the molding space (2) is by means of specified regulation driver (11) it is conditioned, and the molding space or its described mold wall, after mold wall regulation, especially by making the mould Case displacement processed, it is placed in the middle preferably relative to the center pressure arbor line (A) of the press ram so that the mold wall adjusted It is equally spaced with relative mold wall with the center pressure arbor line (A).

4. the method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, in first production process and second life Between production process, two mutual relative mold walls (10,20) of the molding space (2) are driven by means of specified regulation Device (11,21) is conditioned, and preferably relative to the press ram center pressure arbor line (A) between two parties, or keep Be conditioned, or adjust in a centered manner while placed in the middle so that this two regulations, mutually relative mold walls with it is described in Heart forcing press axis (A) is equally spaced.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein, mould partition wall (80) is installable or adjustable installed in this two Save between mold wall (10,20), the molding space (29) is divided into two individually molding skies by the mould partition wall (80) Between (2A, 2B), described two single molding spaces (2A, 2B) each on the one hand in the adjustable die wall (10,20) One restriction, and on the other hand limited by the mould partition wall (80).

6. the method described in one in preceding claims, wherein, in the regulation of at least one described mold wall (10,20) Afterwards, the mold wall is then during first production process and during second production process by means of at least one Related holding facility (60,70) is kept, and before the regulation between production process, the holding facility is released Put or disable, and fixed or activated again after adjustment, it is specified that wherein at least one keeps facility to be preferably integrated into Regulation driver in, or independently of it is described regulation driver unit, and/or wherein it is described holding facility or each Facility is kept not change the position of the mold wall by means of regulation driver (the 11,21) setting.

7. a kind of adobe for building brick, particularly sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones for production especially described in one in preceding claims Method, in the process

A) at least one molding space (2) limited by mold wall (10,20,30,40), by means of can be in pressing direction (P) merge a pair of press rams (5 Hes arrived in the molding space (2) between the mold wall (10,20,30,40) on 6；7 and 8), the adobe of the first brick form is suppressed from raw material in the first production process, and from original in the second production process Material suppresses the adobe of the second brick form；

B) wherein, between first production process and second production process, the mould of the molding space (2) Wall (10；10 and 20) at least one replaced at least in part and be preferably regulated so that the molding space (2) Perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) cross section, or the molding space (2) perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) at least One size (B1, B2), and be different in first production process and second production process due to its brick form 's.

8. method according to claim 7, wherein, molding space is described transversal described in first production process Face has first shape, particularly rectangle, and is replaced in second production process at least one described mold wall Afterwards, with another shape, particularly non-rectangle shape, particularly triangle or trapezoidal or pentagon, or be provided with curved Bent profile.

9. the method described in one in preceding claims, wherein, in first production process and second life Between production process, at each occurrence, a pressing plate on the press ram (5,7) (6,6', 8) is replaced with institute State adapted in the first production process and second production process molding space (2) perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) Different cross sections, or adapt to the size (B1, B2) perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) of the molding space (2).

10. a kind of brick for building brick, particularly sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones for production especially described in one in preceding claims The method of base, in the process

A) at least one molding space (2) limited by mold wall (10,20,30,40), adobe is by means of that can suppress A pair of press rams in the molding space (2) between the mold wall (10,20,30,40) can be bonded on direction (P) (5 and 6；7 and 8) suppress from raw material, and subsequently, by means of one in the press ram from the molding space bullet Go out；

B) wherein, it is smooth and/or without any recess for glossal canal connecting portion that the mold wall, which is configured so that, Or protuberance, and/or wherein brick length is produced on the pressing direction, and brick width and brick high perpendicular are in the compacting Direction is produced, and

C) wherein, after compacting and before adobe is ejected, at least one in the mold wall is driven by means of related regulation Dynamic device is adjusted outwardly, to discharge the mold wall from the adobe before the adobe is ejected.

11. a kind of be used to produce the equipment for building the brick particularly adobe of sand-lime brick by laying bricks or stones, it is particularly used for implementing according to foregoing right It is required that in one described in method, the equipment has

A) at least one molding space (2), it is by least two, and preferably four mold walls (10,20,30,40) limit；

B) facility is filled, it is used to fill the molding space using raw material；

C) at least one pair of press ram (5 and 6；7 and 8), its be able to can be bonded on pressing direction (P) mold wall (10, 20th, 30,40) between the molding space (2) in, for from being filled the raw material into the molding space Pressing unfired brick；

D) wherein at least one mold wall (10；10 and 20) by means of specified regulation driver (11；11 and be 21) adjustable So that the cross section perpendicular to the pressing direction (P) of the molding space (2), or the molding space (2) Perpendicular at least one size (B1, B2) of the pressing direction (P), and it is adjustable due to its preferred brick form To be different in the first production process and the second production process；

E) wherein described adjustable die wall (10,20) or each adjustable die wall (10,20) are designated with related holding Facility (60,70), for being kept during first production process and during second production process, wherein described protect Hold facility or each keeps facility not change by means of the mold wall for adjusting driver (11,21) setting Position.

12. equipment according to claim 11, with least one in feature additionally below or any combination：

A) molding space (2) or each molding space (2) are arranged in the inner space (4) of molding case (3)；

B) related adjustment equipment is fixed to the molding case, and is especially at least partially disposed on the institute of the molding case State in inner space；

C) at least one regulation driver is pneumatically or hydraulically driver, particularly pneumatically or hydraulically piston and cylinder system；

D) at least one regulation driver is the driver operated by electric notor, particularly spindle driver；

E) at least one keeps facility to be integrated in the related regulation driver, especially as pneumatically or hydraulically piston and Locking or braking equipment between the piston and cylinder of cylinder system, or it is used as the locking on the main shaft of the spindle driver or system Dynamic equipment, or as in the electric notor, such as the mechanical motor brake on the rotor of the electric notor；

F) at least one keeps facility to be independently of the unit of the related regulation driver, and especially includes phase interaction Locking bolt (35,38) and lock up gap (15,18,25,28), the locking bolt (35,38) and lock of the interaction Fixed gap (15,18,25,28) can especially be configured or be arranged on the molding case and in the preferred of the mold wall Ground is arranged on one or two side part (16,17,26,27) on support section.