MX361051B - Sistemas y métodos para electrodos de soldadura. - Google Patents

Sistemas y métodos para electrodos de soldadura.

Info

Publication number
MX361051B
MX361051B MX2014010890A MX2014010890A MX361051B MX 361051 B MX361051 B MX 361051B MX 2014010890 A MX2014010890 A MX 2014010890A MX 2014010890 A MX2014010890 A MX 2014010890A MX 361051 B MX361051 B MX 361051B
Authority
MX
Mexico
Prior art keywords
welding
core
wire electrode
arc welding
carbon
Prior art date
Application number
MX2014010890A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
MX2014010890A (es
Inventor
Barhorst Steven
Amata Mario
Original Assignee
Hobart Brothers Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hobart Brothers Co filed Critical Hobart Brothers Co
Publication of MX2014010890A publication Critical patent/MX2014010890A/es
Publication of MX361051B publication Critical patent/MX361051B/es

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261Rods, electrodes, wires
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0272Rods, electrodes, wires with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B23K35/3603Halide salts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/362Selection of compositions of fluxes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/368Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/38Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/38Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
    • B23K35/383Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B23K35/406Filled tubular wire or rods

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

La invención se refiere en general con la soldadura y, más específicamente, a los electrodos para soldadura por arco, como la soldadura por arco metálico con gas (GMAW) o soldadura por arco con núcleo de fundente (FCAW). En una modalidad, un alambre de soldadura tubular incluye una camisa y un núcleo. El núcleo incluye una fuente de carbono y una fuente de potasio que juntos comprenden menos de 10% del núcleo en peso. Además, se selecciona la fuente de carbono de entre el grupo: negro de carbón, negro de humo, nanotubos de carbono, y diamante.
MX2014010890A 2012-03-12 2013-03-08 Sistemas y métodos para electrodos de soldadura. MX361051B (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/418,148 US9950394B2 (en) 2012-03-12 2012-03-12 Systems and methods for welding electrodes
PCT/US2013/029857 WO2013138175A2 (en) 2012-03-12 2013-03-08 Systems and methods for welding electrodes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
MX2014010890A MX2014010890A (es) 2014-10-24
MX361051B true MX361051B (es) 2018-11-26

Family

ID=48040410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
MX2014010890A MX361051B (es) 2012-03-12 2013-03-08 Sistemas y métodos para electrodos de soldadura.

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9950394B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2825348A2 (es)
JP (1) JP2015514584A (es)
KR (2) KR20140131996A (es)
CN (1) CN104144765B (es)
CA (1) CA2866873C (es)
DE (1) DE202013012852U1 (es)
MX (1) MX361051B (es)
WO (1) WO2013138175A2 (es)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9707643B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2017-07-18 Hobart Brothers Company Systems and methods for welding electrodes
US9999944B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2018-06-19 Hobart Brothers Company Systems and methods for welding electrodes
US10543556B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2020-01-28 Hobart Brothers Llc Systems and methods for welding zinc-coated workpieces
EP3055101A2 (en) 2013-10-09 2016-08-17 Hobart Brothers Company Systems and methods for corrosion-resistant welding electrodes
US20150231726A1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-20 Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. METHOD FOR PRODUCING ARC-WELDED Zn-Al-Mg ALLOY COATED STEEL PLATE STRUCTURAL MEMBER
US10300565B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2019-05-28 Hobart Brothers Company Systems and methods for welding mill scaled workpieces
EP3053688B1 (en) * 2015-02-06 2019-10-09 Agie Charmilles SA Graphene electrode and method of producing such electrode
US10421159B2 (en) * 2015-02-25 2019-09-24 Hobart Brothers Llc Systems and methods for additive manufacturing using aluminum metal-cored wire
US11426821B2 (en) 2015-02-25 2022-08-30 Hobart Brothers Llc Aluminum metal-cored welding wire
US10427250B2 (en) * 2015-09-03 2019-10-01 Hobart Brothers Llc Systems and methods for welding wires for welding zinc-coated workpieces
CN105345313B (zh) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-16 山东大学 一种增大熔深的高强度药芯焊丝及其制备方法与应用
CN105382444B (zh) * 2015-12-23 2018-02-02 庆云昊天焊材科技有限公司 一种增大熔深的药芯焊丝及其制备方法与应用
US11459144B2 (en) * 2016-06-14 2022-10-04 Americana Jv Investments Inc. Container for distilled spirits and method for making the same
CN109175780B (zh) * 2018-10-23 2020-10-20 郑州大学 一种耐磨堆焊药芯焊丝
US11597024B2 (en) 2019-08-21 2023-03-07 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Apparatus for arc welding and method of using the same
KR20210136296A (ko) 2020-05-07 2021-11-17 엘지전자 주식회사 의류처리장치
KR20230005631A (ko) * 2021-07-01 2023-01-10 주식회사 포스코 알루미늄계 도금층을 갖는 강판의 레이저 용접용 탄소 필라멘트 와이어, 이를 이용한 알루미늄계 도금층을 갖는 강판의 레이저 용접방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 용접 제품

Family Cites Families (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2329410A (en) * 1940-04-25 1943-09-14 Morrison Railway Supply Corp Process of welding manganese steels
US2552105A (en) 1949-01-15 1951-05-08 Aluminum Co Of America Aluminum welding fluxes
US3175074A (en) * 1962-10-03 1965-03-23 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc welding
US3995139A (en) * 1971-10-18 1976-11-30 Centre De Recherches De Pont-A-Mousson Filler material and process for the heterogeneous welding by the fusion of two iron-carbon alloys
US3778588A (en) 1972-03-29 1973-12-11 Int Nickel Co Self-shielding cored wire to weld cast iron
JPS57130796A (en) 1981-02-06 1982-08-13 Nippon Steel Corp Calcined flux for electroslag welding
JPS58205696A (ja) 1982-05-25 1983-11-30 Nippon Steel Corp ガスシ−ルドア−ク溶接用ステンレス鋼フラツクス入りワイヤ
US4913927A (en) * 1986-02-06 1990-04-03 Alcotec Wire Co. Lubricated aluminum weld wire and process for spooling it
JPS6478699A (en) 1987-09-19 1989-03-24 Kobe Steel Ltd Flux cored wire for welding galvanized steel
JP2614892B2 (ja) 1988-03-31 1997-05-28 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガスシールドアーク溶接法
JP2592951B2 (ja) * 1989-02-13 1997-03-19 新日本製鐵株式会社 極細径のセルフシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ
JPH0832373B2 (ja) * 1989-03-09 1996-03-29 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガスシールドアーク溶接フラックス入りワイヤ
JP2673588B2 (ja) 1989-10-31 1997-11-05 新日本製鐵株式会社 ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ
US5233160A (en) * 1992-06-22 1993-08-03 The Lincoln Electric Company Cored electrode with fume reduction
JP3340570B2 (ja) 1994-08-30 2002-11-05 日鐵溶接工業株式会社 亜鉛めっき鋼板用メタル系フラックス入りワイヤおよびガスシールドアーク溶接方法
JP3513380B2 (ja) 1998-01-26 2004-03-31 株式会社神戸製鋼所 直流正極性用炭酸ガスアーク溶接フラックス入りワイヤ及び溶接方法
DE19812314A1 (de) * 1998-03-20 1999-09-23 Siemens Ag Ummantelung
US20020185481A1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2002-12-12 Bjorkman Gerald W.O. High titanium/zirconium filler wire for aluminum alloys and method of welding
US6160241A (en) 1999-03-16 2000-12-12 Lincoln Global, Inc. Method and apparatus for electric arc welding
JP3791771B2 (ja) 2001-08-27 2006-06-28 日鐵住金溶接工業株式会社 ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ
US6723954B2 (en) 2002-01-22 2004-04-20 Hobart Brothers Company Straight polarity metal cored wire
KR100553380B1 (ko) * 2002-01-31 2006-02-20 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 탄산가스 실드 아크용접용 강(鋼) 와이어 및 이를 이용한용접 방법
US6723957B2 (en) * 2002-03-29 2004-04-20 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Method and apparatus for welding
JP2006090612A (ja) * 2004-09-24 2006-04-06 Hitachi Home & Life Solutions Inc 熱交換器及びその製造方法
JP5194586B2 (ja) 2006-07-05 2013-05-08 新日鐵住金株式会社 亜鉛めっき鋼板溶接用ステンレス鋼フラックス入り溶接ワイヤ
US20080011731A1 (en) 2006-07-11 2008-01-17 Lincoln Global, Inc. Carbon to weld metal
TWI297629B (en) 2006-08-07 2008-06-11 Aritex Products Co Ltd Welding flux for stainless steels
JP4986563B2 (ja) 2006-10-02 2012-07-25 株式会社神戸製鋼所 エレクトロガスアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ及び2電極エレクトロガスアーク溶接方法
JP5280060B2 (ja) 2007-02-09 2013-09-04 Jfeスチール株式会社 ガスシールドアーク溶接方法
JP4377955B2 (ja) 2007-12-27 2009-12-02 新日本製鐵株式会社 亜鉛めっき鋼板溶接用ステンレス鋼フラックス入り溶接ワイヤおよびこれを用いた亜鉛めっき鋼板のアーク溶接方法
US9138831B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2015-09-22 Lincoln Global, Inc. Addition of rare earth elements to improve the performance of self shielded electrodes
CN101301709B (zh) * 2008-07-01 2010-11-03 山东大学 一种堆焊用管状焊条及其制备方法
WO2010054301A2 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-14 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Production of carbon nanostructures from functionalized fullerenes
JP5236566B2 (ja) 2009-04-24 2013-07-17 日鐵住金溶接工業株式会社 固定鋼管の円周溶接方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104144765A (zh) 2014-11-12
KR20200054331A (ko) 2020-05-19
EP2825348A2 (en) 2015-01-21
US20130233839A1 (en) 2013-09-12
WO2013138175A3 (en) 2013-11-21
US9950394B2 (en) 2018-04-24
CA2866873A1 (en) 2013-09-19
CN104144765B (zh) 2017-08-25
WO2013138175A2 (en) 2013-09-19
JP2015514584A (ja) 2015-05-21
KR20140131996A (ko) 2014-11-14
DE202013012852U1 (de) 2020-07-20
MX2014010890A (es) 2014-10-24
CA2866873C (en) 2017-11-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
MX361051B (es) Sistemas y métodos para electrodos de soldadura.
MX2014014151A (es) Sistemas y métodos para electrodos de soldadura.
MX2014012171A (es) Sistemas y metodos para electrodos de soldadura.
IN2015DN02988A (es)
MX2017009704A (es) Alambre de soldadura de aluminio con núcleo metálico.
JP2015514584A5 (es)
EP2781292A3 (en) Tandem gas-shielded arc welding method
BR112017006042A2 (pt) sistemas e métodos para soldar peças de trabalho cobertas com carepa
MY189283A (en) Weld metal having excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement
SG10201600298VA (en) Flux-cored wire for carbon dioxide gas shielded arc welding
MX2015010701A (es) Sistemas y metodos para aleaciones de soldadura de bajo manganeso.
WO2014058725A3 (en) Low-manganese gas-shielded flux cored welding electrodes
PH12015500729A1 (en) Non-consumable electrode welding system and welding method thereof
MY181859A (en) Flux cored wire for gas shielded arc welding
MX2019009962A (es) Sistemas y metodos para electrodos de soldadura.
SG10201608895WA (en) Flux-cored wire for carbon dioxide gas shielded arc welding
MX2016017053A (es) Adaptador de alimentador de alambre para proceso de soldadura.
MX2018001250A (es) Metodo de soldadura por arco protegido por gas.
MX359254B (es) Sistemas y metodos para el uso de gas que contiene fluor para soldadura por arco sumergido.
MX2016010398A (es) Alambre para soldadura tubular con una funda mas delgada para velocidades de deposicion mejoradas.
EP2823927A4 (en) WELDING BURNER FOR FIRST ELECTRODE FOR UNDULPULAR WELDING WITH SEVERAL ELECTRODES AND WELDING PROCESSES THEREWITH
EP3511110A4 (en) CORDED WIRE FOR GAS PROTECTION ARC WELDING AND WELDED METAL
MX2016001981A (es) Sistemas y metodos para electrodos de soldadura resistentes a la corrosion.
BR112013025207A2 (pt) soldagem mig/mag de aços inoxidáveis com arco rotativo e mistura gasosa de ar/he/co2
TH148522B (th) ระบบและวิธีการสำหรับอิเล็กโทรดที่ใช้เชื่อม

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FG Grant or registration