MD1860Z - Royal jelly production process - Google Patents
Royal jelly production processInfo
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- MD1860Z MD1860Z MDS20240098A MDS20240098A MD1860Z MD 1860 Z MD1860 Z MD 1860Z MD S20240098 A MDS20240098 A MD S20240098A MD S20240098 A MDS20240098 A MD S20240098A MD 1860 Z MD1860 Z MD 1860Z
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- Prior art keywords
- larvae
- royal jelly
- sugar syrup
- frames
- amount
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[0001] Invenţia se referă la apicultură, în particular la un procedeu de obţinere a lăptişorului de matcă.[0001] The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to a process for obtaining royal jelly.
[0002] Lăptişorul de matcă este o secreţie a glandelor hipofaringiene şi mandibulare ale albinelor tinere (doici) la vârsta de 3-12 zile, care este folosită pentru hrănirea larvelor tinere în primele trei zile, a larvelor de matcă pe toată perioada larvară şi a mătcilor. Glandele hipofaringiene încep a funcţiona la a 5-6-a zi, iar dezvoltarea maximă o ating la albinele în vârsta de 10-12 zile. Începând cu a 11-12-a zi de viaţă a albinelor încetează treptat alimentaţia lor cu polen, iar la a 14-15-a zi şi secreţia lăptişorului [Eremia N. Apicultura. Chişinău, 2020, p. 311, alin. 1-4].[0002] Royal jelly is a secretion of the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of young bees (nurses) at the age of 3-12 days, which is used to feed young larvae in the first three days, queen larvae throughout the larval period and queens. The hypopharyngeal glands begin to function on the 5-6th day, and they reach their maximum development in bees at the age of 10-12 days. Starting from the 11-12th day of life, the bees gradually stop feeding on pollen, and on the 14-15th day, the secretion of royal jelly also stops [Eremia N. Apicultura. Chişinău, 2020, p. 311, para. 1-4].
[0003] Este cunoscut procedeul de hrănire a albinelor, în care în calitate de înlocuitori al mierii se foloseşte zahărul. Pentru stimularea creşterii puietului în perioada de primăvară se utilizează sirop de zahăr de 50% (1kg de zahăr la un litru de apă) [1].[0003] The method of feeding bees is known, in which sugar is used as a substitute for honey. To stimulate the growth of brood in the spring, 50% sugar syrup is used (1 kg of sugar per liter of water) [1].
[0004] Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în uzarea albinelor şi reducerea longevităţii lor.The disadvantage of this process is that it wears out the bees and reduces their longevity.
[0005] Este cunoscută compoziţia nutritivă pentru hrănirea albinelor, care conţine hidrolizat alcalin al polenului şi sirop de zahăr de 50% [2].[0005] A nutritional composition for feeding bees is known, which contains alkaline pollen hydrolysate and 50% sugar syrup [2].
[0006] Dezavantajul acestei compoziţii constă în aceea că hrana utilizată nu contribuie suficient la ameliorarea stării fiziologice a albinelor.[0006] The disadvantage of this composition is that the food used does not contribute sufficiently to improving the physiological condition of the bees.
[0007] Este cunoscută compoziţia nutritivă pentru hrănirea albinelor, care conţine sirop de zahăr de 50%, polen şi ulei eteric de izmă [3].[0007] The nutritional composition for feeding bees is known, which contains 50% sugar syrup, pollen and essential oil of isma [3].
[0008] Dezavantajul acestei compoziţii constă în aceea că hrana utilizată nu este suficient de nutritiva.[0008] The disadvantage of this composition is that the food used is not sufficiently nutritious.
[0009] Este cunoscut procedeul de creştere a mătcilor, în care se utilizează sistemul Nicot cu unele elemente care cuprind: căpăcel de fixare pentru portcupulă, portcupulă şi cupulă, care se pot folosi şi la obţinerea lăptişorului de matcă [4].[0009] The process of raising queen bees is known, in which the Nicot system is used with some elements that include: a fixing cap for the cup holder, the cup holder and the cup, which can also be used to obtain royal jelly [4].
[0010] Este cunoscut procedeul de hrănire a albinelor, în perioada lipsei culesului melifer, care recomandă stimularea zilnică a familiilor doici cu sirop de zahăr şi cu polen sau substituienţi [5].[0010] The process of feeding bees during the period of lack of honey collection is known, which recommends daily stimulation of nurse colonies with sugar syrup and pollen or substitutes [5].
[0011] Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în uzarea albinelor, reducerea longevităţii lor şi productivităţii familiilor de albine.[0011] The disadvantage of this process is the wear and tear on the bees, reducing their longevity and the productivity of the bee colonies.
[0012] Cea mai apropiată soluţie este procedeul de hrănire a albinelor, care include hrănirea acestora cu un amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% şi 1,25-3,5 mL/L de soluţie apoasă de 2% de clorură de hexaamincobalt(III), în cantitate de 1,0 L de amestec la o familie de albine, peste fiecare 7 zile, din aprilie până la culesul principal [6].[0012] The closest solution is the bee feeding process, which includes feeding them with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and 1.25-3.5 mL/L of 2% aqueous solution of hexaaminecobalt(III) chloride, in an amount of 1.0 L of the mixture per bee colony, every 7 days, from April until the main harvest [6].
[0013] Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în aceea că la obţinerea lăptişorului de matcă albinele doici se hrănesc zilnic pe parcursul a 3 zile, apoi rama se scoate pentru colectarea lăptişorului şi se introduce următoarea (trei reprize la rând), iar dacă albinele doici nu sunt hrănite, aceasta conduce la uzarea şi reducerea longevităţii lor, fiindcă ele sunt impuse la eliminarea unor substanţe din corpul lor, care întră în componenţa lăptişorului de matcă, pentru hrănirea larvelor transvazate date la creştere.[0013] The disadvantage of this process is that when obtaining royal jelly, the nurse bees are fed daily for 3 days, then the frame is removed to collect the jelly and the next one is inserted (three times in a row), and if the nurse bees are not fed, this leads to wear and tear and a reduction in their longevity, because they are forced to eliminate some substances from their body, which are part of the royal jelly, to feed the transferred larvae given for breeding.
[0014] Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia constă în elaborarea unui procedeu de obţinere a lăptişorului de matcă cu ameliorarea stării fiziologice a albinelor doici, sporirea numărului de larve acceptate la creştere, stimularea secretării şi producerii lăptişorului de matcă, când în natură lipseşte culesul melifer.[0014] The problem solved by the invention consists in developing a process for obtaining royal jelly with the improvement of the physiological state of nurse bees, increasing the number of larvae accepted for growth, stimulating the secretion and production of royal jelly, when in nature there is no honey collection.
[0015] Problema se soluţionează prin aceea că a fost elaborat un procedeu de obţinere a lăptişorului de matcă, care include introducerea în familiile crescătoare a 1-3 rame standard de 435x300 mm de două tipuri:[0015] The problem is solved by developing a process for obtaining royal jelly, which includes introducing 1-3 standard 435x300 mm frames of two types into the breeding families:
[0016] • rame cu 2 şipci (la nivelul superior şi de mijloc) echipate cu 30 botce (15/15),[0016] • 2-slat frames (at the upper and middle level) equipped with 30 bolts (15/15),
[0017] • rame cu 3 şipci (la nivelul superior, de mijloc şi inferior) echipate cu 40 botce (14/13/13), cu 40-110 larve transvazate şi hrănirea zilnică a albinelor doici, în lipsa unui cules melifer de întreţinere, cu un amestec din sirop de zahăr, în concentraţie de 50% şi un biostimulator (Cloramicob), în doză de 1,25-3,25 ml/L, în cantitate de 1,0 L de amestec la o familie, timp de 3 zile, după care ramele sunt scoase din stup pentru colectarea lăptişorului, iar procedura se mai repetă de două ori. Totodată botcele constau din căpăcel de fixare pentru portcupulă, portcupulă şi cupulă.[0017] • frames with 3 slats (at the upper, middle and lower levels) equipped with 40 beehives (14/13/13), with 40-110 transferred larvae and daily feeding of the nurse bees, in the absence of a maintenance honey collection, with a mixture of sugar syrup, in a concentration of 50% and a biostimulant (Cloramicob), in a dose of 1.25-3.25 ml/L, in an amount of 1.0 L of the mixture per family, for 3 days, after which the frames are removed from the hive to collect the royal jelly, and the procedure is repeated twice more. At the same time, the beehives consist of a fixing cap for the cup holder, cup holder and cup.
[0018] Biostimulatorul Cloramicob utilizat, reprezintă o soluţie apoasă de 4 grame de clorură hexaaminocobalt (III) în 196 grame de apă (soluţie de 2% de clorură de hexaamincobalt(III).[0018] The Cloramicob biostimulator used is an aqueous solution of 4 grams of hexaaminocobalt(III) chloride in 196 grams of water (2% solution of hexaaminocobalt(III) chloride).
[0019] Rezultatul invenţiei constă în sporirea numărului de larve acceptate la creştere, îmbunătăţirea stării fiziologice a albinelor, stimularea secretării şi sporirea producerii lăptişorului de matcă atât dintr-o botcă, cât şi de la o familie la o repriză.[0019] The result of the invention consists in increasing the number of larvae accepted for rearing, improving the physiological state of the bees, stimulating the secretion and increasing the production of royal jelly both from a hive and from a family in one round.
[0020] Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei.[0020] Example of embodiment of the invention.
[0021] Pentru efectuarea experienţei au fost formate patru loturi de familii de albine, după principiile metodelor de analogie, după numărul de faguri, puterea familiei, numărul fagurilor cu puiet căpăcit şi rezerva de miere în stup.[0021] To carry out the experiment, four batches of bee families were formed, according to the principles of analogy methods, according to the number of combs, the strength of the family, the number of combs with brood covered and the honey reserve in the hive.
[0022] În lipsa culesului melifer de întreţinere, familiilor de albine din loturile experimentale li s-a administrat câte 1 litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% cu biostimulator: lotul I - cu 1,25 ml/L, lotul II - cu 2,25 ml/L, lotul III - cu 3,25 ml/L, iar lotul IV (martor) - sirop de zahăr pur.[0022] In the absence of maintenance honey collection, bee colonies in the experimental batches were administered 1 liter of a mixture of 50% sugar syrup with biostimulator: batch I - with 1.25 ml/L, batch II - with 2.25 ml/L, batch III - with 3.25 ml/L, and batch IV (control) - pure sugar syrup.
[0023] La prima repriză a fost introdusă în familiile doici (crescătoare) câte o ramă cu 40 larve, la a doua repriză au fost introduse câte 70 larve transvazate (2 rame: una cu 30 şi a doua cu 40 larve) şi la a treia repriză - 110 larve (3 rame: două cu câte 40 larve şi a treia cu 30 larve).[0023] In the first half, a frame with 40 larvae was introduced into the nurse (breeding) families, in the second half, 70 transferred larvae were introduced (2 frames: one with 30 and the second with 40 larvae) and in the third half - 110 larvae (3 frames: two with 40 larvae and the third with 30 larvae).
[0024] Albinelor doici li s-a administrat câte un litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% cu biostimulator, trei zile la rând de la introducerea ramei cu larve transvazate, după 3 zile s-a scos rama cu botce din stup pentru colectarea lăptişorului de matcă şi s-a repetat a doua, apoi a treia repriză.[0024] The nurse bees were given one liter of a mixture of 50% sugar syrup with biostimulator, three days in a row after the introduction of the frame with transferred larvae, after 3 days the frame with the beehives was removed from the hive to collect the royal jelly and the second and then the third round was repeated.
[0025] În timpul efectuării experienţei s-au studiat următorii indici: procentul acceptării larvelor la creştere, diametrul, lungimea şi masa botcelor, cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinută dintr-o botcă şi de la o familie doică la o repriză.[0025] During the experiment, the following indices were studied: percentage of larvae acceptance for growth, diameter, length and mass of the brood, amount of royal jelly obtained from a brood and from a nurse family per session.
[0026] Familiile de albine din experienţă aveau câte 12-13 faguri, puterea familiilor - 10 ulicioare (spaţii dintre fagurii ocupaţi cu albine), rezerva de miere 9,0-9,5 kg şi 6,0 faguri cu puiet. Rezultatele cercetărilor efectuate au arătat că hrănirea familiilor de albine în perioada lipsei culesului melifer cu un amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% şi biostimulator conduce la mărirea procentului de acceptare a larvelor la creştere cu 12,5-27,5% faţă de lotul martor (tabelul 1).[0026] The experimental bee colonies had 12-13 combs, the strength of the colonies was 10 hives (spaces between the combs occupied by bees), the honey reserve was 9.0-9.5 kg and 6.0 combs with brood. The results of the research showed that feeding bee colonies during the period of lack of honey collection with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and biostimulator leads to an increase in the percentage of larvae acceptance for growth by 12.5-27.5% compared to the control group (table 1).
[0027] Tabelul 1[0027] Table 1
[0028] Indicii productivi ai familiilor crescătoare, numărul de larve transvazate şi acceptate la creştere,[0028] The productive indices of the breeding families, the number of larvae transferred and accepted for breeding,
[0029] 03-06.06.2024 (I-a transvazare)[0029] 03-06.06.2024 (1st transfer)
Lotullot
Nr. fag., buc.No. of sheets, pcs.
Puterea f/a, ulicioarePower f/a, alley
Rezerva de miere, kgHoney reserve, kg
Nr. fag. cu puiet, buc.No. of beeches with brood, pcs.
Nr. larvelor transvazate, buc.No. of transferred larvae, pcs.
Nr. larvelor acceptateNo. of larvae accepted
buc.pcs.
%%
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 1.25 ml/L
1212
1010
9,09.0
66
4040
3232
80,080.0
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
1313
1010
9,59.5
66
4040
3030
7575
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 3.25 ml/L
1212
1010
9,09.0
66
4040
3636
9090
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
1212
1010
9,09.0
66
4040
2525
62,562.5
[0031] Diametrul botcelor în a 3-a zi la loturile experimentale a constituit în medie 10,32-10,63 mm, iar lungimea - 23,91-25,90 mm. Masa botcelor cu larve şi lăptişor din lotul II a fost cu 0,18 g mai mare faţă de lotul martor (*B3≥ 0,999). Cea mai mare cantitate de lăptişor de matcă dintr-o botcă s-a obţinut la lotul II, în medie 0,587 g sau cu 84 mg (16,70%) mai mult faţă de lotul IV martor, diferenţa fiind autentică (**B3≥ 0,999) (tabelul 2). Coeficientul de variaţie a indicilor studiaţi a oscilat între 5,24 (diametrul botcelor) şi 13,05 (cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinută dintr-o botcă). Ţinând cont de numărul de larve acceptate şi media de lăptişor dintr-o botcă, cantitatea totală de lăptişor de matcă obţinută la prima repriză a variat între 15,776 şi 17,610 g sau cu 3,201-5,035 g mai mult faţă de lotul martor.[0031] The diameter of the cocoons on the 3rd day in the experimental groups was on average 10.32-10.63 mm, and the length - 23.91-25.90 mm. The mass of the cocoons with larvae and royal jelly in group II was 0.18 g higher than in the control group (*B3≥ 0.999). The largest amount of royal jelly in one cocoon was obtained in group II, on average 0.587 g or 84 mg (16.70%) more than in the control group IV, the difference being authentic (**B3≥ 0.999) (table 2). The coefficient of variation of the studied indices ranged between 5.24 (cocoon diameter) and 13.05 (amount of royal jelly obtained from one cocoon). Taking into account the number of larvae accepted and the average royal jelly in a brood, the total amount of royal jelly obtained in the first half varied between 15.776 and 17.610 g or 3.201-5.035 g more than the control batch.
[0032] Tabelul 2[0032] Table 2
[0033] Indicii botcelor şi cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinut,[0033] The indices of the beehives and the amount of royal jelly obtained,
[0034] 03-06.06.2024 (I-a transvazare - 40 larve)[0034] 03-06.06.2024 (1st transfer - 40 larvae)
Lotullot
IndiciiIndices
Diametrul botcelor, mmDiameter of the barrels, mm
Lungimea botcelor, mmLength of the boots, mm
Masa botcei cu larvă şi lăptişor, gMass of the cocoon with larva and milkweed, g
Cantitatea lăptişorului obţinut dintr-o botcă, gThe amount of milk obtained from one barrel, g
Cantitatea totală de lăptişor obţinut, gTotal amount of milk obtained, g
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 1.25 ml/L
±±
10,32±0,10310.32±0.103
23,91±0,41523.91±0.415
1,28±0,0181.28±0.018
0,493±0,0080.493±0.008
15,77615,776
V, %V, %
5,665.66
9,839.83
7,997.99
9,799.79
--
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
±±
10,41±0,10510.41±0.105
25,90±0,42525.90±0.425
1,43±0,031*1.43±0.031*
0,587±0,012**0.587±0.012**
17,61017,610
V, %V, %
5,245.24
8,988.98
11,8011.80
11,2511.25
--
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 3.25 ml/L
±±
10,63±0,09610.63±0.096
23,94±0,36923.94±0.369
1,21±0,0211.21±0.021
0,454±0,0100.454±0.010
16,34416,344
V, %V, %
5,435.43
9,249.24
10,6210.62
13,0513.05
--
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
±±
10,48±0,12510.48±0.125
25,04±0,26825.04±0.268
1,25±0,0211.25±0.021
0,503±0,0100.503±0.010
12,57512,575
V, %V, %
5,955.95
5,355.35
8,458.45
9,789.78
--
[0036] * Masa botcei cu larvă şi lăptişor: lotul II/lotul IV - *B3≥ 0,999[0036] * Mass of the boll with larva and milkweed: batch II/batch IV - *B3≥ 0.999
[0037] ** Cantitatea lăptişorului obţinută dintr-o botcă: lotul II/lotul IV - **B3≥ 0,999.[0037] ** Quantity of milk obtained from a barrel: batch II/batch IV - **B3≥ 0.999.
[0039] S-a relevat că cea mai mare cantitate de lăptişor de matcă (17,610 g) s-a obţinut la lotul II căruia i s-a administrat un amestec de sirop de zahăr cu 2,25 ml/L de biostimulator.[0039] It was revealed that the largest amount of royal jelly (17.610 g) was obtained in batch II which was administered a mixture of sugar syrup with 2.25 ml/L of biostimulator.
[0040] Hrănirea albinelor doici în perioada creşterii larvelor pe parcursul a trei zile câte 1 litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr şi 2,25 ml/L de biostimulator majorează producerea lăptişorului de matcă cu 40,04% mai mult faţă de lotul martor.[0040] Feeding nurse bees during the larval growth period for three days with 1 liter of a mixture of sugar syrup and 2.25 ml/L of biostimulator increases royal jelly production by 40.04% more than the control group.
[0041] În a doua repriză în familiile crescătoare au fost introduse două rame (prima cu 40 larve şi a doua cu 30 larve), în total 70 de larve transvazate. Albinele doici au fost hrănite de la introducerea ramelor cu larve transvazate cu câte 1 litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr cu biostimulator trei zile, până la scoaterea ramei cu botce din stup pentru colectarea lăptişorului.[0041] In the second half, two frames were introduced into the breeding colonies (the first with 40 larvae and the second with 30 larvae), a total of 70 transferred larvae. The nurse bees were fed from the introduction of the frames with transferred larvae with 1 liter of sugar syrup mixture with biostimulator for three days, until the frame with the bees was removed from the hive to collect the royal jelly.
[0042] S-a constatat că familiile crescătoare din loturile experimentale, din 70 larve transvazate, au acceptat 28-38 larve sau cu 10,0-24,3% mai mult faţă de lotul IV martor (tabelul 3).[0042] It was found that the breeding families in the experimental batches, out of 70 transferred larvae, accepted 28-38 larvae or 10.0-24.3% more than in the control batch IV (table 3).
[0043] Tabelul 3[0043] Table 3
[0044] Numărul de larve transvazate şi acceptate la creştere, 06-09.06.2024 (a II-a transvazare)[0044] Number of larvae transferred and accepted for rearing, 06-09.06.2024 (2nd transfer)
Lotullot
Nr. larvelor transvazate, buc.No. of transferred larvae, pcs.
Nr. larvelor acceptateNo. of larvae accepted
buc.pcs.
%%
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 1.25 ml/L
7070
2828
40,040.0
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
7070
3838
54,354.3
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 3.25 ml/L
7070
3434
48,648.6
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
7070
2121
30,030.0
[0046] S-a relevat că diametrul botcelor din loturile experimentale constituie în medie 10,23-10,26 mm sau cu 0,15-0,18 mm (1,49-1,79%) mai mare faţă de lotul IV martor, lungimea botcelor este respectiv de 21,41-22,05 mm (2,47-2,94%), masa botcelor 1,08-1,09 g (2,86-3,81%) (tabelul 4). Dintr-o botcă din loturile experimentale s-au obţinut în medie câte 0,413-0,420 g de lăptişor de matcă sau cu 0,020-0,027 g (5,10-6,87%) mai mult decât lotul martor. Cea mai mare cantitate de lăptişor de matcă s-a obţinut de la lotul II - 15,960 g sau cu 93,38% mai mult decât la lotul martor.[0046] It was revealed that the diameter of the bolls in the experimental batches is on average 10.23-10.26 mm or 0.15-0.18 mm (1.49-1.79%) higher than in the control batch IV, the length of the bolls is respectively 21.41-22.05 mm (2.47-2.94%), the mass of the bolls 1.08-1.09 g (2.86-3.81%) (table 4). From one boll in the experimental batches, on average 0.413-0.420 g of royal jelly were obtained or 0.020-0.027 g (5.10-6.87%) more than in the control batch. The largest amount of royal jelly was obtained from batch II - 15.960 g or 93.38% more than in the control batch.
[0047] Coeficientul de variaţie a indicilor studiaţi a oscilat între 5,79 (diametrul botcelor) şi 13,41 (cantitatea lăptişorului obţinută dintr-o botcă).[0047] The coefficient of variation of the studied indices ranged between 5.79 (diameter of the pods) and 13.41 (amount of milk obtained from a pod).
[0048] Tabelul 4[0048] Table 4
[0049] Indicii botcelor şi cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinut,[0049] The indices of the beehives and the amount of royal jelly obtained,
[0050] 06-09.06.2024 (a II-a transvazare - 70 larve)[0050] 06-09.06.2024 (2nd transfer - 70 larvae)
Lotullot
IndiciiIndices
Diametrul botcelor, mmDiameter of the barrels, mm
Lungimea botcelor, mmLength of the boots, mm
Masa botcei cu larvă şi lăptişor, gMass of the bot with larva and milkweed, g
Cantitatea lăptişorului obţinut dintr-o botcă, mgAmount of milk obtained from one bottle, mg
Cantitatea totală de lăptişor obţinut, gTotal amount of milk obtained, g
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob1.25 ml/L
±±
10,26±0,13310.26±0.133
21,41±0,32621.41±0.326
1,08±0,0241.08±0.024
0,416±0,0080.416±0.008
11,64811,648
V, %V, %
6,866.86
8,068.06
11,5111.51
10,1610.16
--
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
±±
10,25±0,08810.25±0.088
22,05±0,23122.05±0.231
1,09±0,0171.09±0.017
0,420±0,0090.420±0.009
15,96015,960
V, %V, %
5,795.79
6,466.46
9,739.73
13,4113.41
--
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 3.25 ml/L
±±
10,23±0,12910.23±0.129
21,95±0,25721.95±0.257
1,09±0,0161.09±0.016
0,413±0,0090.413±0.009
14,04214,042
V, %V, %
7,357.35
6,816.81
8,498.49
12,6412.64
--
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
±±
10,08±0,12910.08±0.129
21,42±0,38621.42±0.386
1,05±0,0301.05±0.030
0,393±0,0080.393±0.008
8,2538,253
V, %V, %
5,885.88
8,258.25
13,113.1
9,499.49
--
[0052] Aşadar, în repriza a doua când s-au dat la creştere 2 rame cu 70 larve (30+40), hrănirea albinelor doici a stimulat acceptarea larvelor cu 10,0-24,3%, dezvoltarea botcelor (diametrul cu 1,49-1,79%, lungimea cu 2,47-2,80%, masa cu 2,86-84,76%), cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă dintr-o botcă cu 5,09-6,87%, iar cantitatea totală de lăptişor - cu 41,14-93,38%.[0052] Therefore, in the second half when 2 frames with 70 larvae (30+40) were raised, the feeding of nurse bees stimulated the acceptance of larvae by 10.0-24.3%, the development of the combs (diameter by 1.49-1.79%, length by 2.47-2.80%, mass by 2.86-84.76%), the amount of royal jelly in a comb by 5.09-6.87%, and the total amount of royal jelly - by 41.14-93.38%.
[0053] În a treia repriză, în familiile experimentale au fost introduse câte trei rame (prima şi a doua cu câte 40 larve, iar a treia - cu 30 larve), în total - 110 larve transvazate.[0053] In the third round, three frames were introduced into the experimental families (the first and second with 40 larvae each, and the third - with 30 larvae), in total - 110 transferred larvae.
[0054] Rezultatele cercetărilor au demonstrat că în a treia repriză când s-au introdus un număr mai mare de larve, în loturile experimentale au fost acceptate 41-51 buc. sau cu 2-12 buc. (1,9-10,9%) mai multe faţă de lotul martor (tabelul 5).[0054] The research results demonstrated that in the third round, when a larger number of larvae were introduced, 41-51 pieces were accepted in the experimental batches, or 2-12 pieces (1.9-10.9%) more than in the control batch (table 5).
[0055] Diametrul botcelor obţinute din loturile experimentale a variat, în medie, între 9,97 şi 9,99 mm sau cu 0,11 şi 0,13 mai mare ca lotul martor, lungimea - 20,14-20,98 mm şi masa botcelor cu larvă şi lăptişor - 0,87-0,95 g. Coeficientul de variaţie a oscilat între 6,45 (lungimea botcelor) şi 96,58 (cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinută dintr-o botcă).[0055] The diameter of the bolls obtained from the experimental batches varied, on average, between 9.97 and 9.99 mm or 0.11 and 0.13 larger than the control batch, the length - 20.14-20.98 mm and the mass of bolls with larva and royal jelly - 0.87-0.95 g. The coefficient of variation ranged between 6.45 (boll length) and 96.58 (amount of royal jelly obtained from a boll).
[0056] Cea mai mare cantitate de lăptişor dintr-o botcă a fost obţinută la lotul II, în medie 0,352 g, iar cantitatea totală - 17,248 g sau cu 3,754 g mai mult faţă de lotul martor (tabelul 6).[0056] The largest amount of milk in a barrel was obtained in batch II, on average 0.352 g, and the total amount - 17.248 g or 3.754 g more than in the control batch (table 6).
[0057] Tabelul 5[0057] Table 5
[0058] Numărul de larve transvazate şi acceptate la creştere,[0058] Number of larvae transferred and accepted for rearing,
[0059] 09-12.06.2024 (a III-a transvazare)[0059] 09-12.06.2024 (3rd transfer)
Lotullot
Nr. larvelor transvazate, buc.No. of transferred larvae, pcs.
Nr. larvelor acceptateNo. of larvae accepted
buc.pcs.
%%
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 1.25 ml/L
110110
4141
37,337.3
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
110110
4949
44,544.5
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob, 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob, 3.25 ml/L
110110
5151
46,346.3
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
110110
3939
35,435.4
[0061] Tabelul 6[0061] Table 6
[0062] Indicii botcelor şi cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinut,[0062] The indices of the beehives and the amount of royal jelly obtained,
[0063] 09-12.06.2024 (a III-a transvazare - 110 larve)[0063] 09-12.06.2024 (3rd transvasation - 110 larvae)
Lotullot
IndiciiIndices
Diametrul botcelor, mmDiameter of the barrels, mm
Lungimea botcelor, mmLength of the boots, mm
Masa botcei cu larvă şi lăptişor, gMass of the bot with larva and milkweed, g
Cantitatea lăptişorului obţinut dintr-o botcă, mgAmount of milk obtained from one bottle, mg
Cantitate totală de lăptişor obţinut, gTotal amount of milk obtained, g
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 1.25 ml/L
±±
9,97±0,1019.97±0.101
20,14±0,30520.14±0.305
0,93±0,0160.93±0.016
0,345±0,0070.345±0.007
14,14514,145
V, %V, %
6,476.47
9,809.80
11,2411.24
12,5912.59
--
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
±±
9,99±0,0989.99±0.098
20,98±0,19520.98±0.195
0,95±0,0170.95±0.017
0,352±0,0080.352±0.008
17,24817,248
V, %V, %
6,806.80
6,456.45
12,1312.13
11,0611.06
--
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 3.25 ml/L
±±
9,98±0,1349.98±0.134
20,54±0,33720.54±0.337
0,87±0,0380.87±0.038
0,308±0,0110.308±0.011
15,70815,708
V, %V, %
9,559.55
11,2511.25
17,7517.75
24,9524.95
--
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
±±
9,86±0,1039.86±0.103
20,31±0,28020.31±0.280
0,91±0,0200.91±0.020
0,346±0,0530.346±0.053
13,49413,494
V, %V, %
6,546.54
8,878.87
13,7913.79
96,5896.58
--
[0065] Prin urmare putem menţiona, cu majorarea numărului de rame (3), numărului de larve (110 buc.) şi stimularea albinelor doici cu sirop de zahăr în concentraţie de 50% şi biostimulator, a sporit diametrul botcelor cu 1,12-1,32%, lungimea - cu 1,13-3,30%, masa botcelor cu larve şi lăptişor - cu 2,20-4,40%, cantitatea lăptişorului obţinută dintr-o botcă - cu 1,73% şi cantitatea totală de lăptişor obţinută pe lot cu 4,82-25,28%, faţă de lotul martor.[0065] Therefore, we can mention that, with the increase in the number of frames (3), the number of larvae (110 pcs.) and the stimulation of nurse bees with sugar syrup in a concentration of 50% and biostimulator, the diameter of the hives increased by 1.12-1.32%, the length - by 1.13-3.30%, the mass of the hives with larvae and nectar - by 2.20-4.40%, the amount of nectar obtained from one hive - by 1.73% and the total amount of nectar obtained per batch by 4.82-25.28%, compared to the control batch.
[0066] În total pe parcursul a trei reprize familiile crescătoare cărora li s-a introdus rame (1-3) cu 40, 70 şi 110 larve transvazate şi hrănirea albinelor-doici cu un amestec de sirop de zahar şi biostimulator în doze de 1,25-3,25 ml/L a sporit numărul de larve transvazate acceptate la creştere cu 7,27-16,36% şi cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă cu 7,247-16,496 g (21,11-48,06%) mai mult ca lotul martor (tabelul 7).[0066] In total, during three rounds, the breeding families that were introduced with frames (1-3) with 40, 70 and 110 transferred larvae and the feeding of the nurse bees with a mixture of sugar syrup and biostimulator in doses of 1.25-3.25 ml/L increased the number of transferred larvae accepted for breeding by 7.27-16.36% and the amount of royal jelly by 7.247-16.496 g (21.11-48.06%) more than the control group (table 7).
[0067] Tabelul 7[0067] Table 7
[0068] Numărul de larve transvazate şi cantitatea de lăptişor de matcă obţinut pe parcursul a trei reprize (03-06; 06-09; 09-12.06.2024)[0068] Number of larvae transferred and amount of royal jelly obtained during three rounds (03-06; 06-09; 09-12.06.2024)
Lotullot
Numărul de larve transvazate la o repriză/ acceptateNumber of larvae transferred per session/accepted
Numărul total de larve date/ acceptate/%Total number of larvae given/accepted/%
Numărul de larve transvazate la o repriză/cantitatea de lăptişor obţinut, g/%Number of larvae transferred per session/amount of milk obtained, g/%
Cantita tea totală de lăptişor obţinut, gTotal amount of milk obtained, g
Diferenţa faţă de lotul martorDifference from the control group
4040
7070
110110
4040
7070
110110
gg
%%
I - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 1,25 ml/LI - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 1.25 ml/L
3232
2828
4141
220/101/ 45,91220/101/ 45.91
15,776/ 125,4615,776/ 125.46
11,648/ 141,1411,648/ 141.14
14,145/ 104,8214,145/ 104,82
41,56941,569
7,2477,247
121,11121.11
II - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 2,25 ml/LII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 2.25 ml/L
3030
3838
4949
220/117/ 53,18220/117/ 53.18
17,610/ 140,0417,610/ 140.04
15,960/ 193,3815,960/ 193.38
17,248 127,8217,248 127.82
50,81850,818
6,4966,496
148,06148.06
III - Sirop de zahăr + Cloramicob 3,25 ml/LIII - Sugar syrup + Chloramicob 3.25 ml/L
3636
3434
5151
220/121/55,0220/121/55.0
16,344/ 129,9716,344/ 129.97
14,042/ 170,1414,042/ 170.14
15,708/ 116,4115,708/ 116.41
46,09446,094
1,7721,772
134,30134.30
IV - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor)IV - Pure sugar syrup (control)
2525
2121
3939
220/85/ 38,64220/85/ 38.64
12,575/ 100,012.575/ 100.0
8,253/ 100,08.253/ 100.0
13,494/ 100,013,494/ 100.0
34,32234,322
--
100,00100.00
[0070] S-a constatat că cea mai mare cantitate de lăptişor de matcă (50,818 g) pe parcursul a trei reprize a fost colectată de la familiile de albine din lotul II, cărora li s-a introdus la creştere 1-3 rame cu 40-70-110 larve transvazate şi albinele doici au fost alimentate cu un amestec de sirop de zahăr şi biostimulator în doză de 2,25 ml/L, câte 1 litru la o familie, zilnic, trei zile, până la scoaterea ramelor din stup.[0070] It was found that the largest amount of royal jelly (50.818 g) over three rounds was collected from the bee colonies in batch II, which were introduced to grow 1-3 frames with 40-70-110 transferred larvae and the nurse bees were fed with a mixture of sugar syrup and biostimulator at a dose of 2.25 ml/L, 1 liter per colony, daily, for three days, until the frames were removed from the hive.
[0071] 1. Кривцов Н. И., Лебедев В. И., Туников Г. М. Пчеловодство. Москва, Колос, 2000, р. 192-200[0071] 1. Krivtsov N. I., Lebedev V. I., Tunikov G. M. Beekeeping. Moscow, Kolos, 2000, р. 192-200
[0072] 2. MD 1090 G2 1999.07.31[0072] 2. MD 1090 G2 1999.07.31
[0073] 3. MD 1409 F1 2000.02.29[0073] 3. MD 1409 F1 2000.02.29
[0074] 4. Видео-инструкция. Система Никот, Франция. 23.11.2021, Găsit Internet < https://www.albilux.md/rom/nicot.html>[0074] 4. Video instruction. Sistema Nicot, France. 23.11.2021, Found Internet < https://www.albilux.md/rom/nicot.html>
[0075] 5. Eremia N. Apicultura. Chişinău, 2020, p. 311, alin. 9[0075] 5. Eremia N. Beekeeping. Chisinau, 2020, p. 311, paragraph 9
[0076] 6. MD 1716 Y 2023.09.30[0076] 6. MD 1716 Y 2023.09.30
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