MD1607Z - Process for feeding bees - Google Patents
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- MD1607Z MD1607Z MDS20210067A MDS20210067A MD1607Z MD 1607 Z MD1607 Z MD 1607Z MD S20210067 A MDS20210067 A MD S20210067A MD S20210067 A MDS20210067 A MD S20210067A MD 1607 Z MD1607 Z MD 1607Z
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- honey
- bees
- sugar syrup
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- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 title abstract description 25
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- HELXLJCILKEWJH-SEAGSNCFSA-N Rebaudioside A Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]2[C@](C)([C@H]3[C@@]4(CC(=C)[C@@](O[C@H]5[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)[C@@H](O[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)(C4)CC3)CC2)CCC1 HELXLJCILKEWJH-SEAGSNCFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rohrzucker Natural products OCC1OC(CO)(OC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C1O CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006092 Stevia rebaudiana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UIXMIBNGPQGJJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ent-kaurene Natural products CC1CC23CCC4C(CCCC4(C)C)C2CCC1C3 UIXMIBNGPQGJJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N entered according to Sigma 01432 Natural products C1CC2C3(C)CCCC(C)(C(=O)OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O4)O)C3CCC2(C2)CC(=C)C21OC(C1OC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)OC(CO)C(O)C1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019203 rebaudioside A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940109850 royal jelly Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
Изобретение относится к пчеловодству, а именно к способу кормления пчел.Способ, согласно изобретению, включает кормление пчел осенью смесью 60%-ного сахарного сиропа и 1,5-4,0 мл/л 3%-ного водного раствора стевиозида, в количестве 3,0 л на пчелиную семью и весной смесью 50%-ного сахарного сиропа и 1,5-4,0 мл/л 3%-ного водного раствора стевиозида, в количестве 1,0 л на пчелиную семью, через каждые 7 дней, с апреля до главного медосбора.Результатом изобретения является повышение иммунитета и зимостойкости пчел, силы пчелиных семей, яйценоскости маток, количества печатного расплода и увеличение производства меда.The invention relates to beekeeping, namely to a method for feeding bees. The method according to the invention includes feeding bees in autumn with a mixture of 60% sugar syrup and 1.5-4.0 ml/l of a 3% aqueous solution of stevioside, in an amount of 3 0 l per bee colony and in the spring with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and 1.5-4.0 ml / l of a 3% aqueous solution of stevioside, in the amount of 1.0 l per bee colony, every 7 days, with April to the main honey collection. The result of the invention is an increase in the immunity and winter hardiness of bees, the strength of bee colonies, egg production of queens, the number of printed brood and an increase in honey production.
Description
Invenţia se referă la apicultură, şi anume la un procedeu de hrănire a albinelor. The invention relates to beekeeping, namely to a process for feeding bees.
Albinele colectează de pe florile plantelor nectar şi polen, pe care le prelucrează în hrană - miere şi păstură. Hrana albinelor conţine toate substanţele nutritive vitale necesare - proteine, lipide, glucide, substanţe minerale, vitamine. Bees collect nectar and pollen from plant flowers, which they process into food - honey and royal jelly. Bee food contains all the vital nutrients needed - proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins.
Pentru procesele vitale familia de albine are nevoie de o cantitate considerabilă de hrană - miere şi păstură. O familie puternică pe parcursul anului consumă 90 kg de miere: în perioada repausului de iarnă cca 10 kg, iar în perioada vitală activă - primăvara, vara şi toamna - cca 80 kg (şi anume pentru întreţinerea vieţii indivizilor adulţi, hrănirea larvelor, secreţia cerii, consumul energetic în timpul zborului, prelucrarea nectarului în miere) (Буренин Н.Л., Котова Г.Н. Справочник по пчеловодству. Москва, Колос, 1977, p. 27-29). For vital processes, the bee colony needs a considerable amount of food - honey and brood. A strong colony consumes 90 kg of honey during the year: during the winter rest period about 10 kg, and during the active vital period - spring, summer and autumn - about 80 kg (namely for the maintenance of the life of adult individuals, feeding the larvae, wax secretion, energy consumption during flight, processing nectar into honey) (Burenin N.L., Kotova G.N. Handbook of beekeeping. Moscow, Kolos, 1977, p. 27-29).
În cazurile când în familie cantitatea rezervei de hrană este insuficientă, albinele trebuie hrănite suplimentar. In cases where the amount of food reserve in the family is insufficient, the bees must be fed additionally.
Este cunoscut procedeul de hrănire a albinelor, în calitate de înlocuitori ai mierii folosindu-se zahăr. Pentru stimularea creşterii puietului în perioada de primăvară se foloseşte sirop de zahăr de 50% (1 kg de zahăr la un litru de apă) [1]. Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în uzarea albinelor şi reducerea longevităţii lor. The process of feeding bees with sugar as a substitute for honey is known. To stimulate the growth of brood in the spring, 50% sugar syrup is used (1 kg of sugar per liter of water) [1]. The disadvantage of this process is that it wears out the bees and reduces their longevity.
Este cunoscut procedeul de hrănire a albinelor, care include alimentaţia acestora cu un amestec din sirop de zahăr de 50% şi un stimulent nutriţional Stimulcom în cantitate de 1,0 L de amestec la o familie de albine, peste fiecare 10-12 zile, începând din primele zile ale lunii aprilie până la începutul culesului principal. Totodată stimulentul nutriţional conţine, în % mas.: polen (ghemotoace) 75,98, lapte praf 15,20, pudră de zahăr 7,60, aditivii nutriţionali Bionorm P 0,6 şi Belaxan 0,6 şi se adaugă în siropul de zahăr în cantitate de 10 g la 2,5-3,0 L de sirop de zahăr [2]. The bee feeding process is known, which includes feeding them with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and a nutritional stimulant Stimulcom in the amount of 1.0 L of the mixture per bee colony, every 10-12 days, starting from the first days of April until the beginning of the main harvest. At the same time, the nutritional stimulant contains, in % mass: pollen (lumps) 75.98, milk powder 15.20, sugar powder 7.60, nutritional additives Bionorm P 0.6 and Belaxan 0.6 and is added to the sugar syrup in the amount of 10 g per 2.5-3.0 L of sugar syrup [2].
Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în aceea că hrana utilizată nu contribuie suficient la creşterea puterii, puietului căpăcit şi a producţiei de miere. The disadvantage of this process is that the food used does not contribute sufficiently to increasing strength, brood size, and honey production.
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia constă în lărgirea sortimentului de substanţe biologic active, naturale, ecologic inofensive, cu efect stimulator, care contribuie la creşterea imunităţii şi rezistenţei la iernare, puterii, numărului puietului căpăcit, prolificităţii mătcilor şi a productivităţii familiilor de albine. The problem solved by the invention consists in expanding the range of biologically active, natural, ecologically harmless substances with a stimulating effect, which contribute to increasing immunity and resistance to wintering, strength, the number of brood hatched, the prolificacy of queens and the productivity of bee colonies.
Problema se soluţionează prin procedeul de hrănire a albinelor, care include hrănirea acestora toamna cu un amestec de sirop de zahăr de 60% şi 1,5-4,0 mL/L de soluţie apoasă de 3% de steviozidă, în cantitate de 3,0 L la o familie de albine şi primăvara cu amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% şi 1,5-4,0 mL/L de soluţie apoasă de 3% de steviozidă, în cantitate de 1,0 L la o familie de albine, peste fiecare 7 zile, din aprilie până la culesul principal. The problem is solved by the bee feeding process, which includes feeding them in the fall with a mixture of 60% sugar syrup and 1.5-4.0 mL/L of 3% stevioside aqueous solution, in an amount of 3.0 L per bee colony, and in the spring with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and 1.5-4.0 mL/L of 3% stevioside aqueous solution, in an amount of 1.0 L per bee colony, every 7 days, from April until the main harvest.
Rezultatul invenţiei constă în creşterea imunităţii şi rezistenţei la iernare a albinelor, puterii familiilor de albine, pontei mătcilor, numărul de puiet căpăcit şi a producţiei de miere. The result of the invention consists in increasing the immunity and resistance to wintering of bees, the strength of bee colonies, the laying of queens, the number of brood hatched and the honey production.
Steviozida este un compus natural derivat din planta stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) (Gupta E., Purwar S., Sundaram S., Tripathi P., Rai G. Stevioside and Rebaudioside A - Predominant Ent-Kaurene Diterpene Glycosides of Therapeutic Potential: a Review. Czech J. Food Sci., 2016, 34(4), p. 281-299), care este utilizată pe larg în calitate de îndulcitor natural uşor disponibil, fiind de câteva ori mai dulce decât zahărul din sfeclă sau trestie. Steviozida are formula: Stevioside is a natural compound derived from the stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana) (Gupta E., Purwar S., Sundaram S., Tripathi P., Rai G. Stevioside and Rebaudioside A - Predominant Ent-Kaurene Diterpene Glycosides of Therapeutic Potential: a Review. Czech J. Food Sci., 2016, 34(4), p. 281-299), which is widely used as a readily available natural sweetener, being several times sweeter than beet or cane sugar. Stevioside has the formula:
În componenţa hranei intră un bioregulator natural ce reprezintă un extract de glicozidă steviozida, în continuare numit MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev) şi care este un produs accesibil comercial. The food contains a natural bioregulator that is an extract of stevioside glycoside, hereinafter called MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev) and which is a commercially available product.
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention
Steviozida a fost procurată de la firma Aldrich. Stevioside was purchased from Aldrich.
Bioregulatorul se prepară prin dizolvarea a 30 g de steviozidă în 970 g de apă. The bioregulator is prepared by dissolving 30 g of stevioside in 970 g of water.
Procedeul de hrănire a albinelor se realizează prin adăugarea la siropul de zahăr a bioregulatorului natural MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev) steviozidă, în doză de 1,5-4,0 mL/L de sirop de zahăr de 60% în perioada de toamnă la completarea rezervelor în cantitate de 3,0 L de amestec şi primăvara respectiv de 50% şi bioregulator în doză de 1,5-4,0 mL/L, în cantitate de 1,0 L amestec la o familie de albine, cu un interval de 7 zile, până la începutul culesului principal. The bee feeding process is carried out by adding the natural bioregulator MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev) stevioside to the sugar syrup, in a dose of 1.5-4.0 mL/L of 60% sugar syrup in the autumn period when replenishing reserves in the amount of 3.0 L of the mixture and in the spring, respectively, 50% and bioregulator in a dose of 1.5-4.0 mL/L, in the amount of 1.0 L of the mixture per bee colony, with an interval of 7 days, until the beginning of the main harvest.
Amestecul de sirop cu bioregulatorul natural se pregăteşte în felul următor: apa se încălzeşte până la ferbere, se adaugă zahărul în raport de 1,5:1 (zahăr:apă) (în perioada de toamnă) şi 1:1 (în perioada de primăvară), soluţia se agită până se dizolvă complet zahărul. Când siropul se răceşte până la temperatura de 30-40°C, se adaugă bioregulatorul în cantitate de 1,5-4,0 mL/L de sirop de zahăr, agitându-se împreună. The syrup mixture with the natural bioregulator is prepared as follows: the water is heated to boiling, sugar is added in a ratio of 1.5:1 (sugar:water) (in the autumn period) and 1:1 (in the spring period), the solution is stirred until the sugar is completely dissolved. When the syrup cools to a temperature of 30-40°C, the bioregulator is added in an amount of 1.5-4.0 mL/L of sugar syrup, stirring together.
Albinele se hrănesc în perioada de toamnă la completarea rezervelor de hrană (septembrie) câte 3 litri de sirop de zahăr şi primăvara în lipsa culesului melifer de întreţinere din luna aprilie până la începutul culesului principal, câte un litru la o familie de albine, peste fiecare 7 zile. Bees are fed 3 liters of sugar syrup in the autumn when replenishing their food reserves (September) and in the spring, in the absence of maintenance honey collection from April until the beginning of the main collection, one liter per bee colony, every 7 days.
Pentru determinarea condiţiilor optimale de realizare a procedeului propus a fost studiată influenţa bioregulatorului natural asupra rezistenţii la iernare, creşterii, dezvoltării timpurii şi productivităţii familiilor de albine la stupina din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni. Familiile de albine au fost întreţinute în stupi cu două corpuri cu dimensiunile ramelor de 435x300 cm. To determine the optimal conditions for carrying out the proposed procedure, the influence of the natural bioregulator on the winter resistance, growth, early development and productivity of bee colonies was studied at the apiary in the village of Cojuşna, Străşeni district. The bee colonies were maintained in two-body hives with frame dimensions of 435x300 cm.
Experienţa I. Pentru efectuarea experienţei au fost formate patru loturi de familii de albine, câte trei în fiecare, inclusiv 3 experimentale şi unul martor. Familiilor de albine din lotul I li s-a administrat, la completarea rezervelor de hrană pentru iernare, câte 3,0 litri de amestec de sirop de zahăr de 60% şi 1,5 mL/L de bioregulator, lotul II - cu 3,0 mL/L, lotul III - 4,0 mL/L, lotul IV (martor) - sirop de zahăr pur. Experiment I. For the experiment, four batches of bee colonies were formed, three in each, including 3 experimental and one control. The bee colonies in batch I were administered, when replenishing their wintering food reserves, 3.0 liters of a mixture of 60% sugar syrup and 1.5 mL/L of bioregulator, batch II - with 3.0 mL/L, batch III - 4.0 mL/L, batch IV (control) - pure sugar syrup.
În perioada de primăvară în lipsa culesului melifer de întreţinere familiilor de albine li s-a administrat corespunzător câte un litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% cu bioregulator, lotul I - cu 1,5 mL/L, lotul II - cu 3,0 mL/L, lotul III - cu 4,0 mL/L, lotul IV (martor) - cu sirop de zahăr pur. During the spring period, in the absence of maintenance honey collection, bee colonies were appropriately administered one liter of a mixture of 50% sugar syrup with bioregulator, batch I - with 1.5 mL/L, batch II - with 3.0 mL/L, batch III - with 4.0 mL/L, batch IV (control) - with pure sugar syrup.
Înainte de hrănire, pe data de 13 septembrie 2020, s-a relevat că în cuibul familiilor de albine se numărau în medie câte 10,0 faguri, puterea - 8,7-9,0 spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine, numărul puietului căpăcit - 16,0-21,0 sute celule şi rezerva de miere - 13,8-14,93 kg (tabelul 1). Before feeding, on September 13, 2020, it was revealed that the bee families' nests contained an average of 10.0 combs, the strength - 8.7-9.0 spaces between combs populated with bees, the number of brood hatched - 16.0-21.0 hundred cells and the honey reserve - 13.8-14.93 kg (table 1).
Tabelul 1 Table 1
Indicii morfoproductivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni, Morphoproductive indices of bee colonies from the apiary in Cojuşna village, Străşeni district,
înainte de hrănire, 13.09.2020 before feeding, 13.09.2020
Lotul Remediul administrat Indicii Nr. fagurilor, buc. Puterea f/a, spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine Nr. puietului căpăcit, sute de celule Rezerva de miere, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1,5 mL/L 10,0±0,00 9,0±0,00 21,0±7,00 14,93±1,903 V,% 0,00 0,00 7,00 22,07 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3,0 mL/L 10,0±0,00 9,0±0,00 18,7±7,333 14,67±2,186 V,% 0,00 0,00 68,04 25,81 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4,0 mL/L 10,0±0,00 9,0±0,00 16,0±3,606 14,60±2,274 V,% 0,00 0,00 39,03 26,98 ± IV Sirop de zahăr pur (martor) 10,0±0,00 8,7±0,333 16,7±4,667 13,80±1,916 V,% 0,00 6,66 48,49 24,04Batch Remedy administered Indices No. of combs, pcs. F/a strength, spaces between combs populated with bees No. of hatched brood, hundreds of cells Honey reserve, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1.5 mL/L 10.0±0.00 9.0±0.00 21.0±7.00 14.93±1.903 V,% 0.00 0.00 7.00 22.07 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3.0 mL/L 10.0±0.00 9.0±0.00 18.7±7.333 14.67±2.186 V,% 0.00 0.00 68.04 25.81 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4.0 mL/L 10.0±0.00 9.0±0.00 16.0±3.606 14.60±2.274 V,% 0.00 0.00 39.03 26.98 ± IV Pure sugar syrup (control) 10.0±0.00 8.7±0.333 16.7±4.667 13.80±1.916 V,% 0.00 6.66 48.49 24.04
La revizia de toamnă efectuată pe data de 28 octombrie s-a constatat că familiile de albine aveau în cuib în medie câte 6,0-8,5 faguri, puterea - 5,0-7,5 spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine şi rezerva de miere - 12,6-15,2 kg (tabelul 2). During the autumn inspection carried out on October 28, it was found that the bee colonies had an average of 6.0-8.5 combs in the nest, the strength - 5.0-7.5 spaces between the combs populated with bees and the honey reserve - 12.6-15.2 kg (table 2).
Tabelul 2 Table 2
Indicii morfoproductivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni, Morphoproductive indices of bee colonies from the apiary in Cojuşna village, Străşeni district,
la revizia de toamnă, 28.10.2020 at the autumn review, 28.10.2020
Lotul Remediul administrat Indicii Nr. fagurilor, buc. Puterea f/a, spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine Rezerva de miere, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1,5 mL/L 8,0±0,00 7,0±0,00 14,77±1,011 V,% 0,00 0,00 11,85 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3,0 mL/L 8,5±1,500 7,5±1,500 15,2±3,250 V,% 24,96 28,28 30,14 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4,0 mL/L 6,0±1,155 5,0±1,155 12,6±2,107 V,% 33,33 40,00 28,96 ± IV Sirop de zahăr pur (martor) 7,0±1,00 6,0±1,00 13,13±1,910 V,% 24,74 28,87 25,19Batch Remedy administered Indications No. of honeycombs, pcs. Power f/a, spaces between honeycombs populated with bees Honey reserve, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1.5 mL/L 8.0±0.00 7.0±0.00 14.77±1.011 V,% 0.00 0.00 11.85 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3.0 mL/L 8.5±1.500 7.5±1.500 15.2±3.250 V,% 24.96 28.28 30.14 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4.0 mL/L 6.0±1.155 5.0±1.155 12.6±2.107 V,% 33.33 40.00 28.96 ± IV Pure sugar syrup (control) 7.0±1.00 6.0±1.00 13.13±1.910 V,% 24.74 28.87 25.19
La revizia de primăvară s-a constatat că familiile de albine, care au ieşit din iarnă, aveau în cuib în medie 6,0-8,5 faguri, puterea - 4,67-6,5 spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine, numărul puietului căpăcit - 10,0-19,5 sute celule şi rezerva de miere - 6,23-9,7 kg (tabelul 3). During the spring inspection, it was found that the bee colonies that emerged from winter had an average of 6.0-8.5 combs in the nest, the strength - 4.67-6.5 spaces between the combs populated with bees, the number of brood hatched - 10.0-19.5 hundred cells and the honey reserve - 6.23-9.7 kg (table 3).
Tabelul 3 Table 3
Indicii morfoproductivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni, Morphoproductive indices of bee colonies from the apiary in Cojuşna village, Străşeni district,
la revizia de primăvară, 28.03.2021 at the spring inspection, 28.03.2021
Lotul Remediul administrat Indicii Nr. fagurilor, buc. Puterea f/a, spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine Nr. puietului căpăcit, sute de celule Rezerva de miere, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1,5 mL/L 8,0±0,00 5,67±0,333 17,0±2,082 9,47±0,897 V,% 0,00 10,19 21,21 16,41 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3,0 mL/L 8,5±1,500 6,5±0,500 19,5±5,50 9,7±1,500 V,% 24,96 10,88 39,89 21,87 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4,0 mL/L 6,0±1,155 4,67±0,882 10,0±4,041 6,23±1,369 V,% 33,33 32,73 70,0 38,78 ± IV Sirop de zahăr pur (martor) 6,67±0,882 5,0±0,577 16,3±4,096 6,93±0,555 V,% 22,91 20,00 43,44 13,86Batch Remedy administered Indices No. of combs, pcs. F/a strength, spaces between combs populated with bees No. of hatched brood, hundreds of cells Honey reserve, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1.5 mL/L 8.0±0.00 5.67±0.333 17.0±2.082 9.47±0.897 V,% 0.00 10.19 21.21 16.41 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3.0 mL/L 8.5±1.500 6.5±0.500 19.5±5.50 9.7±1.500 V,% 24.96 10.88 39.89 21.87 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4.0 mL/L 6.0±1.155 4.67±0.882 10.0±4.041 6.23±1.369 V,% 33.33 32.73 70.0 38.78 ± IV Pure sugar syrup (control) 6.67±0.882 5.0±0.577 16.3±4.096 6.93±0.555 V,% 22.91 20.00 43.44 13.86
Hrănirea albinelor cu un amestec de sirop de zahăr şi bioregulator natural în doză de 3,0-4,0 mL/L de sirop sporeşte rezistenţa la iernare cu 0,89-9,53% faţă de lotul martor. Feeding bees with a mixture of sugar syrup and natural bioregulator at a dose of 3.0-4.0 mL/L of syrup increases winter resistance by 0.89-9.53% compared to the control group.
S-a relevat că cel mai mic consum de miere pe parcursul iernii a fost în lotul I - în medie de 5,3 kg, iar la un spaţiu dintre fagurii cu albine, la lotul II - de 0,83 kg sau cu 0,370 kg mai puţin decât la lotul martor (tabelul 4). Coeficientul de variaţie (V,%) la indicii studiaţi a oscilat între 8,66% (rezistenţa la iernare) şi 44,59% (consumul de miere pe parcursul iernii). It was revealed that the lowest honey consumption during the winter was in group I - on average 5.3 kg, and at a space between the bee combs, in group II - 0.83 kg or 0.370 kg less than in the control group (table 4). The coefficient of variation (V,%) for the studied indices ranged between 8.66% (wintering resistance) and 44.59% (honey consumption during the winter).
Tabelul 4 Table 4
Rezistenţa la iernare şi consumul de miere la familiile de albine Winter resistance and honey consumption in bee colonies
din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni, (n=3) from Cojuşna village, Străşeni district, (n=3)
Lotul Remediul administrat Indicii Rezistenţa la iernare, % Consumul de miere pe parcursul iernii, kg Consumul de miere, la un spaţiu dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1,5 mL/L 80,95 ± 4,760 5,3 ± 0,289 0,94 ± 0,076 V,% 10,18 9,43 13,99 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3,0 mL/L 86,6 ± 0,900 5,5 ± 1,75 0,83 ± 0,205 V,% 8,66 44,59 34,72 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4,0 mL/L 95,24±4,763 6,37 ± 1,410 1,40 ± 0,258 V,% 8,66 38,35 31,90 ± IV Sirop de zahăr pur (martor) 85,71 ± 8,247 6,2± 1,595 1,2 ± 0,179 V,% 16,66 44,55 25,87Batch Administered remedy Indices Resistance to wintering, % Honey consumption during winter, kg Honey consumption, at a space between honeycombs populated with bees, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1.5 mL/L 80.95 ± 4.760 5.3 ± 0.289 0.94 ± 0.076 V,% 10.18 9.43 13.99 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3.0 mL/L 86.6 ± 0.900 5.5 ± 1.75 0.83 ± 0.205 V,% 8.66 44.59 34.72 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4.0 mL/L 95.24±4.763 6.37 ± 1.410 1.40 ± 0.258 V,% 8.66 38.35 31.90 ± IV Pure sugar syrup (control) 85.71 ± 8.247 6.2± 1.595 1.2 ± 0.179 V,% 16.66 44.55 25.87
Hrănirea albinelor în perioada de primăvară în lipsa culesului melifer câte un litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr cu bioregulator natural a sporit creşterea şi dezvoltarea familiilor de albine. Feeding bees in the spring, in the absence of honey harvesting, one liter of a mixture of sugar syrup with a natural bioregulator increased the growth and development of bee colonies.
S-a relevat că înaintea înfloririi salcâmului alb la 9 mai 2021 cel mai bine erau pregătite pentru culesul melifer familiile de albine din lotul II, care aveau în cuib în medie 12,7 faguri, puterea de 11,7 spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine sau respectiv cu 2,7 buc. şi 3,0 spaţii (27,0% şi 12,5%) mai mult decât la lotul martor (tabelul 5). It was revealed that before the white acacia blossomed on May 9, 2021, the bee colonies in group II were best prepared for honey collection, which had an average of 12.7 combs in their nest, the power of 11.7 spaces between the combs populated with bees, or respectively 2.7 pcs. and 3.0 spaces (27.0% and 12.5%) more than in the control group (table 5).
Tabelul 5 Table 5
Indicii morfoproductivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni, înaintea înfloririi salcâmului alb, 09.05.2021 Morphoproductive indices of bee colonies from the apiary in Cojuşna village, Străşeni district, before the flowering of the white acacia, 09.05.2021
Lotul Remediul administrat Indicii Nr. fagurilor, buc. Puterea f/a, spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine Nr. puietului căpăcit, sute de celule Rezerva de miere, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1,5 mL/L 11,3±0,882 10,3±0,882 162,3±11,921 15,5±0,240 V,% 13,48 14,78 12,72 2,68 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3,0 mL/L 12,7±1,453 11,7±1,453 180,0±13,791 17,6±1,397 V,% 19,87 21,57 13,27 13,77 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4,0 mL/L 10,0±0,00 9,0±0,00 177,3±6,360 14,0±1,330 V,% 0,00 0,00 6,21 16,41 ± IV V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor) 10,0±3,464 8,7±3,180 101,3±48,885 13,2±5,257 V,% 60,0 63,55 83,56 69,15Batch Remedy administered Indices No. of combs, pcs. F/a strength, spaces between combs populated with bees No. of hatched brood, hundreds of cells Honey reserve, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1.5 mL/L 11.3±0.882 10.3±0.882 162.3±11.921 15.5±0.240 V,% 13.48 14.78 12.72 2.68 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3.0 mL/L 12.7±1.453 11.7±1.453 180.0±13.791 17.6±1.397 V,% 19.87 21.57 13.27 13.77 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4.0 mL/L 10.0±0.00 9.0±0.00 177.3±6.360 14.0±1.330 V,% 0.00 0.00 6.21 16.41 ± IV V - Pure sugar syrup (control) 10.0±3.464 8.7±3.180 101.3±48.885 13.2±5.257 V,% 60.0 63.55 83.56 69.15
Ponta mătcilor din familiile de albine din loturile experimentale în această perioadă a constituit în medie 1352-1500 ouă în 24 ore sau cu 60,19-77,72% mai mult faţă de lotul martor, care depuneau 844 ouă în 24 ore. Familiile de albine, cărora li s-a administrat câte un litru de amestec de sirop de zahăr cu bioregulator natural, peste fiecare 7 zile, au crescut cu 61,0-78,7 sute celule sau cu 60,2-77,7% mai mult decât la lotul martor. Totodată şi rezerva de miere în familiile loturilor experimentale a fost cu 0,80-4,4 kg sau cu 6,06-33,33% mai mare decât la lotul martor. The queen bee colonies in the experimental groups during this period averaged 1352-1500 eggs in 24 hours or 60.19-77.72% more than the control group, which laid 844 eggs in 24 hours. The colonies that were given one liter of a mixture of sugar syrup with natural bioregulator every 7 days increased by 61.0-78.7 hundred cells or 60.2-77.7% more than the control group. At the same time, the honey reserve in the colonies of the experimental groups was 0.80-4.4 kg or 6.06-33.33% higher than the control group.
După culesul melifer de la salcâmul alb, pe data de 12 iunie 2021, s-a constatat că numărul fagurilor în familiile experimentale a fost mai mare în medie cu 3,7-4,4 faguri, puterea cu 3,6-4,3 spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine sau cu 18,27-21,83% mai mare faţă de lotul martor. After collecting honey from the white acacia, on June 12, 2021, it was found that the number of combs in the experimental families was higher on average by 3.7-4.4 combs, the strength by 3.6-4.3 spaces between combs populated with bees or by 18.27-21.83% higher than the control group.
Ceea mai mare cantitate de miere a fost colectată de familiile de albine din lotul II, în medie 35,2 kg sau cu 12,6 kg (55,75%) mai mult faţă de lotul martor (tabelul 6). The largest amount of honey was collected by bee colonies in group II, on average 35.2 kg or 12.6 kg (55.75%) more than the control group (table 6).
Tabelul 6 Table 6
Indicii morfoproductivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina din s. Cojuşna, r-nul Străşeni, după înflorirea salcâmului alb, 12.06.2021 Morphoproductive indices of bee colonies from the apiary in Cojuşna village, Străşeni district, after the flowering of the white acacia, 12.06.2021
Lotul Remediul administrat Indicii Numărul fagurilor în cuib, buc. Nr. fag. artif., buc. Puterea f/а, spaţii dintre fagurii populaţi cu albine Numărul puietului căpăcit, sute de celule Cantitatea mierii, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1,5 mL/L 25,0±0,577 7,7±0,88 23,3±0,882 98 27,7±2,730 V,% 4,00 19,92 6,55 - 17,07 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3,0 mL/L 25,0±2,887 8,7±0,88 23,3±3,180 151 35,2±7,816 V,% 20,00 17,62 23,60 - 38,41 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4,0 mL/L 25,7±2,848 8,0±1,00 24,0±2,517 169,5±54,5 31,4±1,358 V,% 19,22 21,65 18,16 45,47 7,49 ± IV Sirop de zahăr pur (martor) 21,3±4,667 5,3±0,882 19,7±4,055 107,3±31,798 22,6±5,595 V,% 38,89 28,64 35,71 51,31 42,95Batch Remedy administered Indications Number of combs in the nest, pcs. No. of artificial combs, pcs. Power f/a, spaces between combs populated with bees Number of brood hatched, hundreds of cells Amount of honey, kg ± I MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 1.5 mL/L 25.0±0.577 7.7±0.88 23.3±0.882 98 27.7±2.730 V,% 4.00 19.92 6.55 - 17.07 ± II MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 3.0 mL/L 25.0±2.887 8.7±0.88 23.3±3.180 151 35.2±7.816 V,% 20.00 17.62 23.60 - 38.41 ± III MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev), 4.0 mL/L 25.7±2.848 8.0±1.00 24.0±2.517 169.5±54.5 31.4±1.358 V,% 19.22 21.65 18.16 45.47 7.49 ± IV Pure sugar syrup (control) 21.3±4.667 5.3±0.882 19.7±4.055 107.3±31.798 22.6±5.595 V,% 38.89 28.64 35.71 51.31 42.95
Majorarea dozei de bioregulator natural la 4,0 mL/L de sirop de zahăr, nu a influenţat asupra productivităţii familiilor de albine. Increasing the dose of natural bioregulator to 4.0 mL/L of sugar syrup did not influence the productivity of bee colonies.
Aşadar, s-a relevat că doza optimă de utilizare a bioregulatorului natural MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev) în hrana albinelor la completarea rezervelor pentru iernare şi în perioada de primăvară în lipsa culesului melifer de întreţinere este de 3,0 mL/L de sirop de zahăr. Therefore, it was revealed that the optimal dose of using the natural bioregulator MF-SIP-26 (ApiStev) in bee food when replenishing reserves for wintering and in the spring period in the absence of maintenance honey collection is 3.0 mL/L of sugar syrup.
Hrănirea albinelor cu un amestec din sirop de zahăr de 60% şi bioregulator natural, în cantitate de 3,0 L la o familie de albine toamna, asigură creşterea imunităţii şi rezistenţei la iernare cu 0,89-9,53%, şi hrănirea acestora în perioada de primăvara cu sirop de 50% şi bioregulator, în cantitate de 1,0 L de amestec la o familie de albine, peste fiecare 7 zile, începând cu luna aprilie până la culesul principal, sporeşte puterea familiilor de albine cu 18,3-21,8%, numărul puietului căpăcit şi ponta mătcilor cu 77,7% şi producţia de miere cu 22,6-55,7% mai mult faţă de lotul martor. Feeding bees with a mixture of 60% sugar syrup and natural bioregulator, in an amount of 3.0 L per bee colony in autumn, ensures an increase in immunity and resistance to wintering by 0.89-9.53%, and feeding them in the spring with 50% syrup and bioregulator, in an amount of 1.0 L of the mixture per bee colony, every 7 days, starting with April until the main harvest, increases the strength of bee colonies by 18.3-21.8%, the number of hatched brood and queen brood by 77.7% and honey production by 22.6-55.7% more than the control batch.
1. Кривцов Н.И., Лебедев В.И., Туников Г.М. Пчеловодство. Москва, Колос, 2000, p. 192-200 1. Krivtsov N.I., Lebedev V.I., Tunikov G.M. Beekeeping. Moscow, Kolos, 2000, p. 192-200
2. MD 1193 Y 2017.09.30 2. MD 1193 Y 2017.09.30
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