LU82395A1 - BRICK FOR THE REFRACTORY COATING OF A METALLURGICAL CONTAINER - Google Patents

Description

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The present invention relates to a 4.

»A specially shaped stick designed for masonry of refractory linings of metallurgical vessels.

In essence, the brick consists of a block of refractory material. This block is delimited by an upper face, by a lower face, by an inner face, by an outer face and by two opposite lateral faces. The upper and lower faces are flat, parallel and identical. The inner 10 and outer faces are square or rectangular, but different in that the outer face has a width · greater than that of the inner face, while having the 'same height. The side faces are not parallel to each other.

15 When masonrying the refractory lining, the inside face of a brick is placed on the side of the axis of the metal tank, while the opposite outside face is on the side of this tank.

In fact, the known bricks of this kind and currently used for the aforementioned masonry are refractory blocks in the form of a straight prism with bases.

"trapezoidal isosceles. In other dull, the faces I

upper and lower have the shape of trapezoids 1

identical isosceles, arranged vertically to each other J

and both centered on the same line which is theirs I

5 perpendicular. The inner side is therefore not offset bet

compared to the outside. ‘J

The masonry - of the refractory lining can. I

be made using the technique of successive heaps!

superimposed, independent of each other and arranged I

10 - respectively along circumferences centered on axis I

of the metal tank or according to the heap technique I

arranged along a propeller whose axis coincides with that of I this metal tank. The helical arrangement of piles of I bricks is often preferred because it allows relative I

15 to the first technique on the one hand, to suppress employment '. 'I

of closing bricks cut to size and use

to complete the different heaps, 'and on the other hand, I

to avoid the use of bricks with different taper to make up for I -variatiors in the dimensions of the metal tank I 20 and those in the dimensions of these bricks, resulting from the I

pressing during their manufacture. I

As an indication, the attached tables I I

and II give an overview of the number and diversity of the formats of known bricks having a thickness of 100 mm I

25 and to be used in the masonry of tanks I

metallic according to the aforementioned first technique of the I

heap superposed, successive and independent. I

In the second technique mentioned above heaps I

'superimposed but oriented helically, the bricks generally used 30 have their two curved side faces faces · [. ---., ...... ....... fcf ·. V - “J. ··“ ·. ··.

(in the same direction. Therefore, it is possible, depending on the requirements of the masonry, to articulate these bricks relative to each other, in order to approach or move away from the metal tank without having to systematically change the brick to take account of the differences in the key of the bricks, that is to say the differences between the widths of the external and internal faces of said bricks.

"

Despite this advantage of the second technique, the known articulated -bricks have a significant drawback 1.0 ’especially when mechanizing the masonry of refractory linings.

Indeed, as soon as we increase the rate of placement of the bricks, the operator can no longer react quickly enough to correct precisely at the right time 15 the variations of key appearing compared to the template

ideal fictional masonry. This results in a slowdown · in the masonry work, which results, at the operator on the work table, an accumulation of bricks so large that the evolution of masonry in 20 is completely disorganized. So the time saving of I

masonry hoped for by accelerating the rate of placement of I

bricks ^ is then almost completely lost. I

The invention relates to a new refractory brick. re allowing to remedy the aforementioned drawback of the 1

25 articulated brick masonry technique. The new K

brick allows you to catch variations very quickly. Untimely curvature appearing in the ta s in I

training path. It is important to note that the I

new brick is advantageously applicable to. I

30 masonry techniques mentioned above and also in the I

conventional manual masonry (first technique) than I

. · '* Ί ’.

‘,. -not-, .... " .. -

in accelerated mechanized masonry (second technique). I For this purpose, in the new brick, the I

middle of inner side is offset parallel |

to the upper and lower faces, relative to the I

5 right passing through the middle of the outer face and extending

perpendicular to the latter. · I

Thanks to the shape characteristics of the |

new brick, we can, by placing in a pile lTune I

of them in the inverted position, very quickly correct I 10 abnormal curvatures that appeared in this pile, without this I

inverted brick does not fall out of the pile under 1T effect of I

its own weight in the container during tilting I

of the last. I

Furthermore, the characteristics of form I

15 of the new brick lead to a significant reduction I

of the number and diversity of formats as well in I

the first masonry technique with heap aligned along I of the circumferences than in the second, technique with heap K

alginés following a helix where this tendency is already I

20 started. I

On the other hand, there are already some K

bricks whose small side faces are curved I

according to adequate radii of curvature, and whose faces E

inside and outside are not offset between them. I 25. In some cases, these small curved side faces I

are even veined or serrated, so that the bricks I

hold back each other and don't slide one by E

compared to the other when the container tipped me— I

‘Tallurgical. However, the ribs and teeth of E

30 small faces in question of the bricks strongly contradict I

; νΛ ·· V · '; · ... - "· * ·" * · their dry joint, which is not acceptable in the case of mechanized masonry.

In order to further ensure the mutual maintenance of the new bricks, the aforementioned idea of 5 is the curving of the small side faces. The lateral faces of the new brick can thus be curved in the same direction and according to the same radius of curvature. .

In addition, to avoid the chipping of the edges of the new brick with acute angles between its' 10 lateral faces and its external and internal faces, these edges are advantageously chamfered over their entire height, the acute angles possibly becoming substantially I, angles rights.

To improve the mutual articulation of the 15 new bricks and also to avoid chipping of their sharp edges, their lateral faces are doubly curved in an S-shape symmetrical with respect to its middle. The curvatures of these lateral faces are in the same direction and according to the same radii of curvature.

20 It should be noted that the inventive idea is validly applicable to bricks whose lateral faces are straight, flat and not articulated. Furthermore, this inventive idea still makes it possible 'to avoid the penetration of liquid metal and slag into the 25 ·' joints between the bricks of the heaps, because these joints do not -

Are not aligned in radial directions of the metal tank but are inclined straight or curvilinear.

The invention also relates to a refractory lining 30 of a metallurgical container. The refractory lining consists of heaps of "bricks superimposed around the axis of the metal tank of the metallurgical vessel.

According to the invention, in each pile of the new refractory lining, the "bricks are inclined around their geometric center with respect to the radial direction of the metal vessel passing through this center. In addition, the relative position of the" bricks in the pile can be corrected by sliding along their lateral faces 10 so that their external faces follow the metal vessel without discontinuity, while their internal faces form the interior profile of the coating without discontinuity. In this way, the coating, as it advances, acquires a curvature which faithfully follows that of the fictional masonry template.

Other details and particularities of the invention will appear during the description and the drawings annexed to the present specification, which schematically represent, by way of example only, several forms of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a "brick according to the invention and Figure 2 is a plan view.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a 25. second embodiment of the new "brick, while Figure 4 is a plan view.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the new brick, while Figure 6 is a plan view.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a fourth execution fora of the new brick with chamfered sharp edges, while Figure 8 is a plan view.

Figure 9 is still a perspective view 5 of a fifth embodiment of the new brick, while Figure 10 is a plan view.

Figure 11 'is a perspective view of · several superposed piles of new bricks hinged in S and forming the refractory lining of a metallurgical container .10'

Figure 12 is a perspective view of three new successive S-bricks in a pile, illustrating the reversal of taper by position of the middle brick.

In these different figures, the same reference notations designate identical elements.

Each brick shown is made up of a block 1 of refractory material.

The block 1 is delimited by an upper face 20 2, by a lower face 3, by an inner face 4, by an outer face 5 and by two opposite lateral faces 6 and 7.

The upper 2 and lower 3 faces are * flat, parallel and identical.

The inner 4 and outer 5 faces are planar, square or rectangular and for example parallel.

. These faces 4 and 5 have the same height, but the inner face 4 is less wide than the outer face 5-

The side faces 6 and 7 are not parallel to each other. . *

The inventive idea applied to refractory bricks consists of shifting the inner face 4 with respect to K to the outer face 5, parallel to the upper 2 I and lower 3 faces. In other words, the middle 8 of the I

5 inner face 4 is strongly or not removed from the I

perpendicular high to the outer face 5 in the middle I

9. Thus, the line 10 of circles 8 and 9 is oblique by · K

relative to the plans of the interior 4 and exterior 5 "I faces

• · instead of being perpendicular to these planes. . I

10 · In the first example, the upper faces I

2 and lower 3 to block 1 are identical trapezoids and I

scalene. The sides joining their parallel bases are I straight edges. In addition, the side faces 6 and 7 I

are rectangles of the same height but side 6 is more I

15 as long as side 7 · Inner side 4 is offset I

to the left relative to the outer face 5, parallel to the upper 2 and lower 3 faces. In other words, the middle 8 is to the left of the perpendicular I

in the middle 9 at the outer face 5 and the right 10 is I

20 inclined slightly in relation to the internal faces · 4 I

and exterior 5. About this tilt 'it. is at I

note that the orthogonal projection of the left sharp edge I of the interior face 4 on the plane of the exterior face 5 I is in this face 5 and at a relatively distance ‘I

25 weak from its left edge. I

In the second example, the upper I 2 and lower 3 faces remain flat but are figures I

geometrical each delimited by two parallel and unequal straight line segments I and by two unequal curve segments I 30 but with the same radius of curvature. So the side faces I

•! I

6 and 7 are curved rectangular figures having different lengths but equal curvatures. The straight line 10 of the midpoints 8 and 9 is still slightly inclined relative to the plane of the faces 4 and 5 since the orthogonal projection 5 of the left edge of the inner face 4 on the plane of the outer face 5 falls out of this face 3 but near its left edge.

The third example is similar to the first and only differs from it in fact by the much greater inclination 10. of the straight line 10 compared to the planes of faces 4 and 5 * The inner face 4 is strongly offset to the left by relative to the outer face 5- The orthogonal projection of the left edge of the inner face 4 on the plane of the outer face 5 falls clearly outside of this face 5 and at a great distance from its left edge, practically equal distance to its width.

The fourth example is similar to the previous one and is distinguished by the fact that the sharp angles of block 1 are cut. In this case, the edge 11 of intersection of the inner 4 and lateral 7 faces has a chamfer 12 intersecting its sharp angle, just as the edge 13 of intersection of the outer 5 and lateral faces 6 has a similar chamfer. 14. Thus, the edge 11 of the acute angle of the faces 4 and 7 and the edge 13 ~ of the acute angle of the faces 5 and 6 are chamfered 25 over their entire height. The chamfering of the edges 11 and 13 makes it possible to eliminate the acute angles of block 1 which are so difficult to achieve during the pressing of this block 1.

In the fifth example, the upper 2 and lower 3 faces remain flat but are identical geometric figures 30 each delimited by two ·; '' "· · *

parallel and unequal line segments and by two I

unequal curve segments each extending in an I-shape

S symmetrical with respect to its midpoint, these S I

having corresponding curvatures in the same I

5 directions and having the same radii of curvature. Side I

lateral 6 or 7 is a rectangular figure curved in I

different direction on either side of its parallel median K

at its little sides. In addition, the tilt of the K

line 10 is substantially equal to that of the fourth case. I • 10 * It should be noted that in each case "the angle I

of inclination of the straight line 10 by -relation to the plans of the I

sides 4 and 5 depends in particular on the distance between these I

sides 4 and 5, the width of these sides 4 and 5 and the I

curvature of the metal tank at the level of the.posa of block 1. I 15 On the other hand, during its pressing, the new I

refractory brick can be provided with a sheet of I

cardboard on one side 6 or 7 and / or on its lower side— I

rieure 3 · The sheet or sheets of cardboard are placed on the I

bottom and / or on a side wall of the manufacturing mold I

20 of the bricks, before pouring the refractory material. I

This or these sheets of cardboard allow the expansion I

of block 1 without risk of chipping during the setting to I

temperature of the refractory lining. I

Regarding the refractory lining of the I

25 <metal tank made with new bricks »la I .....

‘Figure 11 illustrates the mutual arrangement of bricks I

in accordance with the fifth example and articulated with one another I

in-several successive piles superimposed. In this case, I

line 10 included in block 1 is strongly inclined I

30 and intentionally with respect to the radial direction of 1 ta this metal tank passing through the geometric center of this block 1.

On the other hand, Figure 12 shows on a larger scale, a detail of the previous figure and relating to the 5 taper adjustment by inverted position of a brick of the pile · *

It is obvious that the invention is not exclusively limited to the embodiments shown and that many modifications can be made in the form, arrangement and constitution of certain elements involved in their realization provided that these modifications are not contradict the subject matter of each of the following claims.

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Claims (2)

1.— Brick for the refractory lining of a metallurgical receptacle, constituted by a "block of refractory material delimited: 5. by a flat upper face, - by a flat lower face, parallel and identical to the upper face, - by a square or rectangular inner face, - by a square or rectangular outer face, but of greater width than the inner face; - and by two opposite non-parallel lateral faces, characterized in that the middle of the inner face is offset parallel to the upper and lower faces, with respect to the straight line passing through the middle of the outer face and s1 extending perpendicularly to the latter * 2. Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral faces are curved in the same direction and according to the same radius of curvature. 20- Brick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the edge of the acute angle formed by the internal face and a lateral face, respectively by the external face and the other lateral face, is chamfered on its entire height * 25. * 4.— Brick according to claim 2, characterized in that the lateral faces are 'doubly curved in S symmetrical with respect to its center, the curvatures being in the same directions and according to the same radii of curvature . 30 5.- Refractory lining of a metallurgical container, constituted by heaps of bricks superimposed around the axis of the metal tank of this container, characterized in that, in each heap, the bricks conforming to either of the preceding claims are inclined around their geometric center with respect to the radial direction of this metal tank passing through this center, so that the coating, as it advances, acquires a curvature which faithfully follows that of the ideal fictitious masonry gauge. \? * TABLE I.. Frame format, abh 1 di 25/60 06585 180 120, 250 100 '1000 3.75 25/30 06386 165 135 250 100 2250 3.75 25/16 06387 158 142 250 100 4438 3.75 25/8 06388 154 146 250 100 d 9125 3.75 25/0 06387 150 150 250 100] - 3.75 30/70 06389 185 115 300 100 986 4.50 50/40 06 390 170 130 500 100 1950 4.50 '30 / 20 06391 160 140 300 100 4200 4.50 50/8 06392 j 154, 146 3001 100 10950 4.50 30/0 06393 150 150 300 100 - 4.50 35/80 06394 190 110 350 100 963 5.25 35/40 06395 170 130 350 100 2275 5.25 • 35/20 Ο6396 160 140 350 100 4900 5.25 35/8 06397 154 146 350 100 12775 5.25 35/0 -. 00383 j 150 150 350 100 - 5.25 40 / 80 06 398 190 110 400 100 1100 6.00 40/40 06399 170 130 400 100 2600 6.00 40/20 06400 160 140 400 100 5600 6.00 40/8 06401 154 146 400 100 14600 6.00 40/0 06402 150 150 400 100 - 6.00 J TABLE II. b h '1 di dm5 ————— - * __________ 4¾? n 195! 105 450 ί 100 1050 {6.75 '^ 5/40 06404 170 130 450 100 2925 »6 75 45/20 06405 160 140 450 100 6300 675 Ας / η £ ^ ° 6 154 146 450 100 16425 6 * 75 45 / 0 06407 150 150 450 100 - 6 * 75 cn ^ / lS0 2¾03 200 I 100 500 100 1000 7.50 1¾¾ · 06409 180 120 500 100 2000 7.50 50/36 06410 168 132 500 100 3667 7.50 ^ 2 / q ° '0 ^ n1 160 140 500 100 7000 7.50 cn / 2 06412 154 146 500 100 1 8250 7.50 50/0 01835 150 150 500 100 - 7 * 50 55/11 ° 06413 205 95 550 100 950 8 , 25 1¾¾ 5¾¾4 1§ ° 120 550 100 2200 8.25 55/36 06415 168 132 550 100 4033 8 25 * 06416 160 140 550 100 7700 8 ^ 25 06417 154 146 550 100 20075 8.25 55/0 06418 150 150 550 100 - 8 ^ 25 cS '/ ÎS0 06419 210 90 600 100 -900 9.00 1¾¾ ° ^ 20 180 120 600 100 2400 9! 00 160/36 06421 168; 132 600 100 4400 9.00 60/20 06422 160 140 600 100 8400 9.00 ° £? 2? 154 146 600 100 21 900! 9.00 60/0 06424 150 150 600 100 - 9.00 s ^ / l2 ^ 06425 210 90 65Ο 100 975 Q 75 î06426 180: 120 650 f 100 2600 9 * 75. §65 / 36 06427 168 î 132 650 I 100 4767 I 9.75 165/20 06428 160 140 650 100 9100 9 75 85/8 l ° 6429 154 146 650 100 23725 9 * 75 65/0 j 06430 150 150 650 100 - 9'75 f