LT5499B - A sowing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for preparing a soil for ecological extirpating weeds by damp water vapour. A device comprises shares, seed tubes, a harrow and additionally includes shores with tippers, rollers, which form a profile and roll a soil interlinear and sowing places.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used as a method of sowing and for preparing soil for the organic weed control by wet water steam.

A known method of sowing (USSR A.1. No. 1687059, 1991) is to profile the soil surface layer, which aims to create optimal conditions for plant growth and development, as well as to reduce soil leaching in irrigated crops. The disadvantage of this method is that the emergence of crops and weeds in such a profiled soil surface does not allow the application of thermal weed control with moist water vapor.

Also known is the method of sowing (USSR a. 1. No. 1692327, 1991) by profiling the soil surface layer, which aims to improve seed germination and seedling development, and creates more favorable microclimatic conditions by orienting profiling for more efficient use of solar energy. The disadvantage of this method is that the soil profiles profiled on the soil surface are not adapted to mechanized thermal weed control because they cannot regulate the water vapor flow and, together with the weeds, the crop will also be thermally destroyed.

The closest to the proposed one is the sowing method (USSR a. 1. No. 1545973, 1990) for soil surface profiling, which aims to increase yields by improving the microclimatic conditions for seed germination, and shallow seeds shall be planted and shall be covered with surface soil. The profile height compensates for shallow seed drilling on the soil surface. The sown seeds receive a more favorable temperature regime, which affects the early germination of the seeds and the increase in yield. The disadvantage of this method is that the soil profile so profiled does not allow the use of environmentally friendly weed thermal steam eradication technology. In the raised soil profile there is no possibility of protecting the germinating crop from thermal destruction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method of seeding and a device which, during sowing, profiles the surface layer of the soil so that it is suitable for ecological weed control using wet water steam.

This goal is achieved by the additional attachment of the coulter and roller to each soil coulter with a special profile in the soil. Profiled soil surfaces are used in agriculture in potato, carrot crops, but the profile bumps used to protect sprouting crops from the effects of wet water vapor flow by thermally killing weeds in the row are an essential distinguishing feature of the proposed seeding method and device.

In the drawings, Figs. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the arrangement of working parts of the seed drill with additional coulter and roller profiles; FIG. 2 - Schematic diagram of the soil surface and seed placement after sowing; FIG. 3 is a schematic of the arrangement of wet water vapor separators; FIG. 4 - Schematic of a test on a profiled soil surface; FIG. 5 - Temperature distribution data on the profiled soil surface at a height of 0-15 mm at different wet water steam release distances A from the crop.

The seeding method consists of the following operations: proper depth, furrow formation, seed placement, seed trimming, row loosening and soil preparation for profiling, soil leveling above the seed and tipping towards the profiling site, profiling, row and seed placement.

The drill consists of: anchor coulter 1, seed hose 2, cam 3, coulter coulter 4, coulter 5, profile 6, roller 7 and seed roller 8.

The device works as follows. The anchor coulters 1 make a furrow in the soil in which seed 10 is sown through the seed tubes 2. The coulter coulter 4 moves between the rows 7 at a depth of 1-1.5 cm to move the soil to the point where the soil profile 6 will be formed. The coulter 5 5 leaves a 1-2 cm soil layer over the seed 10 and then removes the remainder of the soil location. The rear seed rollers 9 roll the soil in the row 7 and the seed 10 in the seeding area 8. The grooves 11 in the rollers 9 form the soil profile 6.

Thermal weeds are killed by wet steam for 5-8 days. after sowing. 12. When weeds are wetted with wet water steam, the steam is fed and spread on the soil surface by spreaders 12. The weeds that germinate at the steam feed site (between rows) die and the sprouted crops are protected from the thermal effects of the wet water steam 6.

During the proposed planting, the model of soil surface profiling was made and tested in the Laboratory of Thermal Measurements of the Lithuanian University of Agriculture. The tests were performed using a smooth and profiled soil surface. Temperature was measured in the inter-row and at the point of growth of the cultivated plants. Using a smooth surface, depending on the steam release site, A. the temperature at the growth site of the cultivated plants was 70-80C. At this temperature, the crops are thermally destroyed. Using the profiled surface, the temperature of the growth site of the cultivated plants reached 25-45 ° C (decreased 45-35 ° C). At this temperature, the crops are protected from the thermal effects of moist water vapor by ecologically killing weeds. All test conditions were the same in all cases.

Claims (2)

Definition of the Invention 1. Seeding method, seed placement at the appropriate depth, seed placement, soil loosening, inter-row loosening, in addition to soil preparation for profiling, soil leveling above the seed and seeding towards the profile formation, profile and inter row formation, and seed placement pledge. 2. A device having anchor coulter, seed hose, squeegee, characterized by the addition of roller coulter, coulter, roller and roller roller.