KR970009799A - 물질 남용 금단의 치료 방법 - Google Patents

물질 남용 금단의 치료 방법 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR970009799A
KR970009799A KR1019960033709A KR19960033709A KR970009799A KR 970009799 A KR970009799 A KR 970009799A KR 1019960033709 A KR1019960033709 A KR 1019960033709A KR 19960033709 A KR19960033709 A KR 19960033709A KR 970009799 A KR970009799 A KR 970009799A
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
symptoms
withdrawal
treatment
acceptable salt
nicotine
Prior art date
Application number
KR1019960033709A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
어거스트 마사루 와타나베
토마스 프랭크 부몰
미첼 어빈 슈타인버그
메리 지안 칼맨
커트 라스무쎈
Original Assignee
스트링거 피터 지
일라이 릴리 앤드 캄파니
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 스트링거 피터 지, 일라이 릴리 앤드 캄파니 filed Critical 스트링거 피터 지
Publication of KR970009799A publication Critical patent/KR970009799A/ko

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/30Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/773Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/773Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less
    • Y10S977/775Nanosized powder or flake, e.g. nanosized catalyst
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/788Of specified organic or carbon-based composition
    • Y10S977/797Lipid particle
    • Y10S977/798Lipid particle having internalized material
    • Y10S977/799Containing biological material
    • Y10S977/801Drug
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/902Specified use of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/904Specified use of nanostructure for medical, immunological, body treatment, or diagnosis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/902Specified use of nanostructure
    • Y10S977/904Specified use of nanostructure for medical, immunological, body treatment, or diagnosis
    • Y10S977/906Drug delivery
    • Y10S977/907Liposome

Abstract

본 발명은, 4-클로로-5-(이미다졸린-2-일아미노)-6-메톡시-2-메틸피리미딘의 유효량을 투여함을 포함하는, 담배 또는 니코틴, 아편양제제 또는 에탄올의 사용, 또는 이의 혼용을 중단 또는 금단하여 발생되는 증상을 치료하는 방법을 제공한다.

Description

물질 남용 금단의 치료 방법
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음

Claims (10)

  1. 담배, 니코틴, 아편양제제, 에탄올의 사용 또는 이의 혼용의 중단 또는 금단에 의해 발생되는 증상을 치료하는데 사용하기 위한 4-클로로-5-(이미다졸린-2-일아미노)-6-메톡시-2-메틸피리미딘, 또는 약제학적으로 혀용되는 이의 염.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 담배 또는 니코틴의 중단 또는 금단에 의해 발생되는 증후 또는 증상을 치료하는데 사용하기 위한 화합물 또는 약제학적으로 허용되는 이의 염.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 아편양제제의 중단 또는 금단에 의해 발생되는 증후 또는 증상을 치료하는데 사용하기 위한 화합물 또는 약제학적으로 허용되는 이의 염.
  4. 제1항에 있어서, 에탄올의 중단 또는 금단에 의해 발생되는 증후 또는 증상을 치료하는데 사용하기 위한 화합물 또는 약제학적으로 허용되는 이의 염.
  5. 담배, 니코틴, 아편양제제, 에탄올의 사용 또는 이의 혼용의 중단 또는 금단에 의해 발생되는 증후 또는 증상을 치료하는데 사용하기 위한, α2수용체에 비해 Ⅰ1수용체에 대한 선택도 값이 20배를 초과하는 Ⅰ1작용제 또는 약제학적으로 허용되는 이의 염.
  6. 활성 선분으로서 4-클로로-5-(이미다졸린-2-일아미노)-6-메톡시-2-메틸피리미딘, 또는 약제학적으로 허용되는 이의 염을 포함하는, 담배, 니코틴, 아편양제제, 에탄올의 사용 또는 이의 혼용의 중단 또는 금단에 의한 증후 또는 증상을 치료하기 위해 적합한 약제학적 제제.
  7. 제6항에 있어서, 담배 또는 니코틴의 중단 또는 금단에 의해 증후 또는 증상을 치료하기 위한 적합한 제제.
  8. 제6항에 있어서, 아편양제제의 중단 또는 금단에 의한 증후 또는 증상을 치료하기 위한 적합한 제제.
  9. 제6항에 있어서, 에탄올의 중단 또는 금단에 의한 증후 또는 증상을 치료하기 위한 적합한 제제.
  10. 활성 성분으로서 α2수용체에 비해 Ⅰ1수용체에 대한 선택도 값이 20배를 초과하는 화합물, 또는 약제학적으로 허용되는 이의 염을 포함하는, 담배, 니코틴, 아편양제제, 에탄올의 사용 또는 이의 혼용의 중단 또는 금단에 의하 증후 또는 증상을 치료하기 위해 적합한 약제학적 제제.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019960033709A 1995-08-15 1996-08-14 물질 남용 금단의 치료 방법 KR970009799A (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US234195P 1995-08-15 1995-08-15
US60/002,341 1995-08-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR970009799A true KR970009799A (ko) 1997-03-27

Family

ID=21700330

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1019960033709A KR970009799A (ko) 1995-08-15 1996-08-14 물질 남용 금단의 치료 방법

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (3) US5732717A (ko)
EP (1) EP0768087A3 (ko)
JP (1) JPH09104626A (ko)
KR (1) KR970009799A (ko)
CN (1) CN1145226A (ko)
AU (1) AU6207896A (ko)
BR (1) BR9603431A (ko)
CA (1) CA2182851A1 (ko)
CZ (1) CZ237896A3 (ko)
HU (1) HUP9602215A3 (ko)
IL (1) IL119037A0 (ko)
NO (1) NO963322L (ko)
PL (1) PL315653A1 (ko)
SG (1) SG52832A1 (ko)
YU (1) YU46496A (ko)
ZA (1) ZA966890B (ko)

Families Citing this family (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2212294A1 (en) * 1995-02-28 1996-09-06 Beiersdorf-Lilly Gmbh Use of moxonidine for the treatment of atherosclerosis
US6093419A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-07-25 Lectec Corporation Compliance verification method and device in compulsory drug administration
AU3233197A (en) * 1996-06-06 1998-01-05 Eli Lilly And Company Formulation and method for treating congestive heart failure
US5968547A (en) 1997-02-24 1999-10-19 Euro-Celtique, S.A. Method of providing sustained analgesia with buprenorphine
US8052982B2 (en) 1998-07-20 2011-11-08 Peptech Animal Health Pty Limited Bioimplant formulation comprising lecithin and stearin
US6121289A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-09-19 Theramax, Inc. Method for enhanced brain delivery of nicotinic antagonist
EP1619210A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2006-01-25 Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. DDS compounds and method for assaying the same
DE19911371A1 (de) * 1999-03-15 2000-09-21 Solvay Pharm Gmbh Arzneimittel zur Behandlung von funktionellen Störungen und Erkrankungen der unteren Darmwege, insbesondere von damit einhergehenden abdominalen visceralen Schmerzen
AU785372B2 (en) * 1999-12-16 2007-03-01 Trident Technologies, Llc System and method for extended delivery of a therapeutic agent with its receptor loading dose
IL151299A0 (en) * 2000-02-16 2003-04-10 Brigham & Womens Hospital Aspirin-triggered lipid mediators
US6569449B1 (en) * 2000-11-13 2003-05-27 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Transdermal delivery of opioid antagonist prodrugs
US7030159B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2006-04-18 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. Approach to anti-microbial host defense with molecular shields with EPA and DHA analogs
US20030203030A1 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-10-30 Control Delivery Systems, Inc. Polymeric gel delivery system for pharmaceuticals
US8481772B2 (en) 2002-04-01 2013-07-09 University Of Southern California Trihydroxy polyunsaturated eicosanoid derivatives
US7902257B2 (en) 2002-04-01 2011-03-08 University Of Southern California Trihydroxy polyunsaturated eicosanoid
US6933275B2 (en) * 2002-05-01 2005-08-23 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Protein kinase C peptides for use in withdrawal
ES2665999T3 (es) * 2002-05-31 2018-04-30 Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dispositivo polimérico implantable para la liberación sostenida de buprenorfina
PL372695A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-07-25 Solvay Pharmaceuticals Gmbh Medicament for the treatment of diseases requiring inhibition or a reduction in the activity of ph value-regulating bicarbonate transporter proteins
US20050191340A1 (en) * 2002-08-09 2005-09-01 Gruenenthal Gmbh Opioid-receptor antagonists in transdermal systems having buprenorphine
EP3584235A3 (en) * 2002-08-12 2020-04-22 Brigham and Women's Hospital Resolvins: biotemplates for novel therapeutic interventions
US7759395B2 (en) * 2002-08-12 2010-07-20 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. Use of docosatrienes, resolvins and their stable analogs in the treatment of airway diseases and asthma
WO2004078143A2 (en) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 The Brigham And Women's Hospital Inc. Methods for identification and uses of anti-inflammatory receptors for eicosapentaenoic acid analogs
CN102772357B (zh) 2003-03-31 2014-12-31 泰坦医药品公司 用于持续释放多巴胺受体激动剂的可植入聚合物装置
US20040202717A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-14 Mehta Atul M. Abuse-resistant oral dosage forms and method of use thereof
KR20060120678A (ko) * 2003-10-30 2006-11-27 알자 코포레이션 남용될 가능성이 감소된 경피용 진통제 시스템
WO2005099705A2 (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-10-27 Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation Preparation of imidazole derivatives and methods of use
WO2005105025A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-11-10 Boston University Methods and compositions for preventing or treating periodontal diseases
WO2007041440A2 (en) * 2005-10-03 2007-04-12 The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. Anti-inflammatory actions of neuroprotectin d1/protectin d1 and its natural stereoisomers
WO2007061783A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-31 Trustees Of Boston University Treatment and prevention of bone loss using resolvins
US20070134169A1 (en) * 2005-12-11 2007-06-14 Rabinoff Michael D Methods for smoking cessation or alcohol cessation or other addiction cessation
EP2095814A1 (de) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-02 Wolfgang J. Kox Medikamentengestützter Nikotinentzug
RU2485954C1 (ru) * 2012-02-29 2013-06-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение "Научно-исследовательский институт фармакологии имени В.В. Закусова" РАМН Средство для купирования абстинентного синдрома при зависимости от опиатов

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201211A (en) * 1977-07-12 1980-05-06 Alza Corporation Therapeutic system for administering clonidine transdermally
US4323570A (en) * 1978-11-15 1982-04-06 Beiersdorf Aktiengesellschaft Substituted aminopyrimidines
US4255439A (en) * 1979-07-13 1981-03-10 Irving Cooper Means and method for aiding individuals to stop smoking
US4291015A (en) * 1979-08-14 1981-09-22 Key Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Polymeric diffusion matrix containing a vasodilator
US4382946A (en) * 1981-12-14 1983-05-10 Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. Method of alleviating withdrawal symptoms
US4575510A (en) * 1983-02-17 1986-03-11 Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. Method of alleviating withdrawal symptoms
US4555397A (en) * 1983-08-12 1985-11-26 Nicholas Bachynsky Method for anti-cholinergic blockage of withdrawal symptoms in smoking cessation
US4588739A (en) * 1984-03-02 1986-05-13 Research Foundation For Mental Hygiene, Inc. Method of preventing withdrawal symptoms associated with the cessation or reduction of tobacco smoking
US4783456A (en) * 1984-03-02 1988-11-08 Research Foundation For Mental Hygiene, Inc. Method of preventing withdrawal symptoms associated with the cessation or reduction of tobacco smoking
US4683231A (en) * 1984-03-02 1987-07-28 Research Foundation For Mental Hygiene, Inc. Method of preventing withdrawal symptoms associated with the cessation or reduction of tobacco smoking
IT1188212B (it) * 1985-12-20 1988-01-07 Paolo Colombo Sistema per il rilascio a velocita' controllata di sostanze attive
US5316759A (en) * 1986-03-17 1994-05-31 Robert J. Schaap Agonist-antagonist combination to reduce the use of nicotine and other drugs
DE3729299A1 (de) * 1987-09-02 1989-03-23 Beiersdorf Ag Transdermales therapeutisches system
DE3739779A1 (de) * 1987-11-24 1989-06-08 Beiersdorf Ag Pharmazeutische praeparate
US4788189A (en) * 1988-02-29 1988-11-29 Glazer Howard I Method to treat smoking withdrawal symptoms by potentiated central noradrenergic blocking
US4956391A (en) * 1988-08-17 1990-09-11 Sapse Alfred T Protected complex of procaine for the treatment of symptoms from narcotics addiction, tinnitus and alzheimer's disease
IT1237904B (it) * 1989-12-14 1993-06-18 Ubaldo Conte Compresse a rilascio a velocita' controllata delle sostanze attive
US5051426A (en) * 1990-03-27 1991-09-24 Parnell Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Method for effecting withdrawal from drug dependency
US5234947A (en) * 1991-11-07 1993-08-10 New York University Potassium channel activating compounds and methods of use thereof
US5464633A (en) * 1994-05-24 1995-11-07 Jagotec Ag Pharmaceutical tablets releasing the active substance after a definite period of time

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO963322L (no) 1997-02-17
BR9603431A (pt) 1998-05-12
US5732717A (en) 1998-03-31
ZA966890B (en) 1998-02-16
HUP9602215A2 (hu) 1998-09-28
YU46496A (sh) 1999-09-27
US5846974A (en) 1998-12-08
CZ237896A3 (en) 1997-03-12
SG52832A1 (en) 1998-09-28
CA2182851A1 (en) 1997-02-16
EP0768087A2 (en) 1997-04-16
NO963322D0 (no) 1996-08-09
JPH09104626A (ja) 1997-04-22
HUP9602215A3 (en) 2000-07-28
IL119037A0 (en) 1996-11-14
PL315653A1 (en) 1997-02-17
MX9603341A (es) 1997-07-31
CN1145226A (zh) 1997-03-19
HU9602215D0 (en) 1996-10-28
EP0768087A3 (en) 2000-01-26
AU6207896A (en) 1997-02-20
US5816260A (en) 1998-10-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR970009799A (ko) 물질 남용 금단의 치료 방법
KR100196674B1 (ko) 디페닐부틸-피페라진카르복사미드를 이용한 물질 남용 장애의 치료방법 및 그를 함유하는 약제학적 조성물
NO980700D0 (no) Perifert aktive anti-hyperalgesi opiater
US6071918A (en) Combination of an opioid antagonist and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor for treatment of alcoholism and alcohol dependence
ATE326222T1 (de) Naloxon- und naltrexon-analoga in der behandlung bei drogenmissbrauch
ATE260646T1 (de) Schnell zerfallende orale dosierungsform
ME00527B (me) Oralni dozni oblik sa kombinacijom opijatnog agonista i antagonista
CA2312234A1 (en) Use of methylnaltrexone and related compounds
CA2344090A1 (en) Compositions and methods for treating female sexual dysfunction
RU2220723C2 (ru) Средство и способ лечения или профилактики артериосклероза
WO2000021515A3 (en) Intranasal codeine for the rapid suppression of cough and rapid relief of pain
DK0850050T3 (da) Orale hurtigt-opløsende sammensætninger for dopaminagonister
WO2001076576A3 (en) A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of acute, chronic pain and/or neuropathic pain and migraines
NO306894B1 (no) Anvendelse av galanthamin for fremstilling av en farmasöytisk formulering for behandling av nikotinavhengighet
BR0110060A (pt) Forma de administração farmacêutica transdérmica ou transmucosa para o tratamento da dependência de nicotina ou para desacostumar fumantes e uso de forma de administração
CA2270955A1 (en) Pharmaceutical composition containing morphinan derivative for treating drug dependence
WO2001001972A3 (en) SELECTIVE iGluR5 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MIGRAINE
EP1078637A3 (en) Composition for the treatment and prevention of nicotine addiction containing a nicotine receptor agonist and an anti-depressant or anti-anxiety drug
DE59912782D1 (de) Topisches Arzneimittel mit einem Gehalt an Ciclosporin
KR20010021851A (ko) 항통각과민성 아편제의 분무 제형 및 이를 사용하여국소적 통각과민증 및 이에 수반되는 소양증을 치료하는방법
KR920000326A (ko) 사람에 있어서 몰핀 및 동족체의 진통 효과에 대한 내성 발생을 방지하기 위한 gm₁모노시알로강글리오사이드 및 이의 내부 에스테르 유도체의 용도
RU94045866A (ru) Применение бисфенилалкилпиперазинов для лечения расстройств, вызванных злоупотреблением веществами, способ лечения
BR0112939A (pt) Compostos para o tratamento de distúrbios de dependência
CO5700713A2 (es) Una composicion farmaceutica para la prevencion y tratamiento de adiccion a nicotina en un mamifero
JP2002501021A5 (ko)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WITN Application deemed withdrawn, e.g. because no request for examination was filed or no examination fee was paid