KR950704599A - 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법(process for controlling the heating of an electrical heatable catalytic converter) - Google Patents

전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법(process for controlling the heating of an electrical heatable catalytic converter) Download PDF

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KR950704599A
KR950704599A KR1019950702312A KR19950702312A KR950704599A KR 950704599 A KR950704599 A KR 950704599A KR 1019950702312 A KR1019950702312 A KR 1019950702312A KR 19950702312 A KR19950702312 A KR 19950702312A KR 950704599 A KR950704599 A KR 950704599A
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catalytic converter
heating
temperature
internal combustion
combustion engine
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KR1019950702312A
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KR100268754B1 (ko
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볼프강 마우스
롤프 브뤽
헬무트 스바르스
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볼프강 마우스·지그프리트 나쓰
에미텍 게젤샤프트 퓌어 에미시온스테크놀로기 엠베하
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F01N3/0878—Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/12—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
    • F01N2410/12—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device in case of absorption, adsorption or desorption of exhaust gas constituents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

자동차의 내연기관(1) 다음에 접속되어있으며 적어도 짧은 구역(8)이 전기로 신속히 가열될 수 있는 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 가열 제어방법에 있어서, 내연기관(1)의 배기가스 중에 포함된 열에 의해 야기되는 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 가열가능한 구역(8)에서의 온도변동률이 전기가열에 의해 얻어질 수 있는 온도변동률보다 작거나 대략 동일하면, 전기가열이 내연기관(1)의 시동 후 일정 지연시간이 지난후에야 이루어진다. 가열의 접속은 약 3내지 10초 후에야 이루어지며, 바람직하게는 내연기관(1)의 초기에는 높은 무부하속도로 그리고 낮은 혼합비의 연료공급하에 작동되고, 나중에는 낮은 무부하속도로 그리고 높은 혼합비의 연료공급하에 작동된다. 가열간격과 엔진제어의 매칭에 의해, 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 신속한 가열을 위한 전력의 최상의 이용이 이루어진다. 또한 외부온도, 엔진온도 또는 촉매변환기온도가 가열시작의 정확한 결정을 위해 고려될 수 있다. 이러한 방식으로 이용 가능한 전력이 최상으로 이용될 수 있다.

Description

전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법(PROCESS FOR CONTROLLING THE HEATING OF AN ELECTRICAL HEATABLE CATALYTIC CONVERTER)
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 배기 시스템을 갖춘 엔진의 구성을 나타낸 개략도이다.

Claims (12)

  1. 자동차의 내연기관(1) 다음에 접속되어 있으며 적어도 짧은 구역(8)이 전기로 신속히 가열가능한 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 가열 제어방법에 있어서, 내연기관(1)의 배기가스 중에 포함된 열에 의해 야기되는 촉매 변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 가열가능한 구역(8)에서의 온도 변동률이 전기가열에 의해 얻어질 수 있는 온도 변동률보다 작거나 대략 동일하면, 전기 가열이 내연기관(1)의 시동 후 일정 지연시간이 지난 후에야 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어 방법.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 전기가열이 약3내지 10초, 바람직하게는 약 5초후에 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 가열 시작의 정확한 시점이 외부온도 및/또는 엔진온도 및/또는 촉매변환기온도에 따라 정해지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
  4. 제3항에 있어서, 외부온도 및/또는 엔진온도 및/또는 촉매변환기 온도의 미리 정해질 수 있는 한계치의 초과 미달시 전기 가열이 이루어지지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열제어방법.
  5. 제1항, 2항, 3항 또는 4항에 있어서, 내연기관이 적어도 전기과열의 시작 전에 높은 무부하속도로 그리고 낮은 혼합비의 연료공급하에 작동되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
  6. 제1항 내지 5항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 전기가열의 시작후에, 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 적어도 가열 가능한 구역(8)이 일산화탄소 및 탄화수소의 변환에 충분한 높은 온도에 도달하면, 내연기관(1)이 낮은 무부하 속도로 그리고 높은 혼합비의 연료공급하에 작동되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
  7. 제6항에 있어서, 무부하속도의 변동, 즉 촉매변환기에서 배기가스 유동량의 변동이 하나의 또는 다수의 단계로, 바람직하게는 유동량 감소가 온도상승을 일으키는 촉매 변환기의 온도에서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어 방법.
  8. 제1항 내지 7항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 변환에 충분한 높은 온도의 도달은 전기로 가열가능한 구역(8) 다음에 접속된 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 부분(14)의, 특히 예비촉매변환기(14)의 온도 측정에 의해 검출되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
  9. 제1항 내지 8항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 가열의 정확한 시작 및/또는 그것의 끝이, 측정된 공기 및 연료량으로부터 내연기관(1)에서 발생하는 열에너지가 검출되는 방식으로, 내연기관(1)의 제어 데이터를 참작해서 검출되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열제어방법.
  10. 제1항 내지 5항중 어느 한항에 있어서, 가열시작 및 가열끝 그리고 그에 따라 제공되는 가열방식이 미리 주어지고, 내연기관(1)은 변환에 충분한 높은 온도에 도달하기 전에 가급적 적은 양의 유해물질 및 가급적 많은 열이 발생하도록 제어되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
  11. 제1항 내지 10항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 내연기관(1)과 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 사이에는 바이패스라인(4)에 의해 우회가능한 탄화수소 및/또는 일산화탄소용 흡착장치(5), 특히 제올라이트 몸체가 접속되고, 변환에 충분한 높은 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 온도에 도달하기전에 배기가스가 흡착장치(5)를 통해 안내되고 나중에는 흡착장치(5)의 바이패스라인(4)을 통해 안내되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열제어방법.
  12. 제1항 내지 11항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 온도센서(18) 또는 다른 측정센서(17)가 예컨대 내연기관에서의 스파크 파괴시 촉매변환기(8, 14, 15, 16)의 과열 위험을 알리면, 전기가열이 중단되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열 제어방법.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019950702312A 1992-12-09 1993-11-02 전기로 가열가능한 촉매변환기의 가열을 제어하는 방법 KR100268754B1 (ko)

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DEP4241494.6 1992-12-09
DE4241494A DE4241494A1 (de) 1992-12-09 1992-12-09 Verfahren zur Steuerung der Aufheizung eines elektrisch beheizbaren katalytischen Konverters
PCT/EP1993/003058 WO1994013938A1 (de) 1992-12-09 1993-11-02 Verfahren zur steuerung der aufheizung eines elektrisch beheizbaren katalytischen konverters

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BR9307604A (pt) 1999-05-25
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KR100268754B1 (ko) 2000-10-16
DE59305365D1 (de) 1997-03-13
JPH08502570A (ja) 1996-03-19
JP2670644B2 (ja) 1997-10-29
EP0673472A1 (de) 1995-09-27
WO1994013938A1 (de) 1994-06-23
ES2097552T3 (es) 1997-04-01
US5588291A (en) 1996-12-31
DE4241494A1 (de) 1994-06-16

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