KR910009331A - 3원 전환 촉매 및 그 사용방법 - Google Patents

3원 전환 촉매 및 그 사용방법 Download PDF

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KR910009331A
KR910009331A KR1019900017995A KR900017995A KR910009331A KR 910009331 A KR910009331 A KR 910009331A KR 1019900017995 A KR1019900017995 A KR 1019900017995A KR 900017995 A KR900017995 A KR 900017995A KR 910009331 A KR910009331 A KR 910009331A
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catalyst
component added
support
gas flow
composition
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KR100192190B1 (ko
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엠. 러디 웨인
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레스터 플리겔
엥겔하드 코포레이션
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
    • B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

내용 없음

Description

3원 전환 촉매 및 그 사용방법
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 횡축온도에 대한 HC, CO 및 NOx의 수직축 전환효율을 도시한 도면.

Claims (18)

  1. 가스 유속에 포함된 HC, CO 및 NOx전환을 위한 촉매 조성물에 있어서 그 조성물이, 촉매조성물을 지니는 가스유속의 흐름방향에서 감지되는 상류 촉매부재에 및 하류촉매 부재를 구비하고 (a) 상류 촉매부재는, 제2촉매 물질보다 낮은, HC, CO 및 NOx의 동시전환을 위한 개시온도를 갖는 것이 특징인 제1촉매 물질을 구비하고, (b) 하류 촉매 부재는 개시온도 보다 높은 반응온도에서 HC, CO 및 NOx의 동시전환을 위한 제1촉매 물질보다 높은 전환효율을 갖는 것이 특징인 제2촉매 물질을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 제1촉매 물질이, 가스 유속이 화학양론적 배기가스 일때 약 400℃보다 낮은 HC, CO 및 NOx의 동시전환을 위한 개시온도를 갖고, 하류촉매 부재는 상류 촉매 부재로 가스 유속을 처리하기 위해 적어도 약 400℃의 반응온도에서 HC, CO 및 NOx동시 전환을 위해 적어도 약 94％의 전환효율을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  3. 제2항에 있어서, 개시온도가 약 300℃ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  4. 제2항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 반응 온도 범위가 약 400℃ㅡ800℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 개시온도가 약 375℃ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  6. 제1항, 제2항 또는 제3항에 있어서, (a) 제1촉매물질이 내화 금속 산화물 지지체에 첨가된 플라티늄 촉매 성분과 내화 금속 산화물 지지체에 첨가된 로듐 촉매 성분을 함유하고 (b) 제2촉매 물질이 지르코니아/분산 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 로듐 촉매성분과 내화 금속 산화물 지지체에 첨가된 플라티늄 촉매 성분을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  7. 제1항, 제2항 또는 제3항에 있어서, (a) 제1촉매물질이 제1활성화 알루미나 지지체에 첨가된 제1플라티늄 촉매성분과 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 제2플라티늄 촉매성분을 구비하고 (b) 제2촉매 물질이, 지르코니아/분산 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 제2로듐 촉매 성분, 제3활성화 아루미나 지지체에 첨가된 제3로듐 성분, 제4활성화 알루미나 지지체에 첨가된 제3플라티늄 촉매 성분 및 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 제4플라티늄 촉매성분을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  8. 제7항에 있어서, 제1 및 제2촉매물질의 둘 또는 하나에 촉매 금속 성분에 자유로운 고점성 내화 금속 산화물의 소량을 구비하고 그것이 포함된 촉매 물질의 점도를 증가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  9. 제7항에 있어서, 제1 및 제2촉매 물질입자가 캐리어기판에 위치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  10. 제9항에 있어서, 제1 및 제2촉매 물질이 적어도 하나가 안정화 알루미나 지지체를 함유하는 언더코트 위에 놓이는 톰코트를 구비하는 촉매 조성물.
  11. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 분별 상류 촉매 부재와 분별 하류 촉매 부재를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  12. 제11항에 있어서, 상류 및 하류 촉매부재가 서로 각각 이격되고 가스 유속 영역에 의해 분리되는 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 조성물.
  13. 가스유속에 함유된 HC, CO 및 NOx오염물을 전환하기 위한 방법에 있어 그 방법이 (a) 제1촉매 영역을 통하여 가스 유속을 흐르게 하고 가스 유속이 화학양론적 배기가스 혼합물일때 제2촉매 물질의 개시온도 보다 낮은 HC, CO 및 NOx의 동시전환을 위한 개시온도를 갖는 제1촉매 물질을 구비한 제1촉매부재와 접촉하여 가스 유속이 제1촉매 영역으로 개시온도 또는 약간 높은 온도로 들어와 가스유속이 HC, CO 및 NOx각각의 모두 함량보다 적은 양을 상기 제1촉매 영역내에서 무독성 물질로 전환하고 그것에 의해 가스유속의 온도를 증가시키는 단계와, (b)상기 제1촉매 영역에서 제2촉매 영역으로 가스유속을 이동시키고 가스 유속을, 반응 온도 범위내에서 제1촉매 물질보다 HC, CO 및 NOx의 동시전환을 위한 보다 높은 효율을 갖는 제2촉매 물질을 함유하는 제2촉매 부재와 접촉시키며 가스 유속이 반응 온도 범위 내에서 제2촉매 물질과 접촉하여 잔류 HC, CO 및 NOx의 일부를 무독성 물질로 전환하는 단계를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전환방법.
  14. 제13항에 있어서, 제1촉매 물질의 개시온도가 약 400℃ 미만이고 반응온도 범위내에서 가스유속물 제2촉매 부재와 접촉시키는 온도 범위가 약 400℃ㅡ800℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 전환방법.
  15. 제14항에 있어서, 개시온도가 350℃ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전환방법.
  16. 제13항, 제14항 또는 제15항에 있어서, (a) 촉매물질에 내화 금속 산화물 지지체에 첨가된 플라티늄 촉매 성분과 내화 금속 산화물 지지체에 첨가된 로듐 촉매 성분을 함유하고 (b) 제2촉매 물질이 지르코니아/분산 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 로듐 촉매성분과 내화 금속 산화물 지지체에 위치된 플라티늄 촉매 성분을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전환방법.
  17. 제13항, 제14항 또는 제15항에 있어서, (a) 제1촉매물질이 제1활성화 알루미나 지지체에 첨가된 제1플라티늄 촉매성분, 제2활성화 알루미나 지지체에 첨가된 로듐 촉매 성분 및 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 제2플로티늄 촉매성분을 함유하고 (b) 제2촉매 물질일 지르코니아/분산 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 제2로듐 촉매성분, 제3활성화 알루미나 지지체에 첨가된 제3로듐 촉매성분, 제4활성화 알루미나 지지체에 첨가된 제3플라티늄 촉매 성분 및 세리아 지지체에 첨가된 제4플라티늄 촉매 성분을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전환 방법.
  18. 제17항에 있어서, 제1및 제2촉매 물질의 하나 또는 둘에 촉매 금속 성분에 자유로운 고점성 내화 금속 산화물의 소량이 함유되고 그 곳에 포함된 촉매 물질의 점도를 증가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 전환 방법.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019900017995A 1989-11-08 1990-11-07 3기능 전환 촉매 및 그 사용 방법 KR100192190B1 (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/433,890 US5010051A (en) 1989-11-08 1989-11-08 Staged three-way conversion catalyst and method of using the same
US07/433,890 1989-11-08
US7/433,890 1989-11-08

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KR910009331A true KR910009331A (ko) 1991-06-28
KR100192190B1 KR100192190B1 (ko) 1999-06-15

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US (2) US5010051A (ko)
EP (1) EP0427494A3 (ko)
JP (1) JPH03169346A (ko)
KR (1) KR100192190B1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2027329A1 (ko)
ZA (1) ZA908658B (ko)

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US5531972A (en) 1996-07-02
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CA2027329A1 (en) 1991-05-09

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