KR910001411A - 중합체 광학 도파관으로부터 스타 커플러를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
중합체 광학 도파관으로부터 스타 커플러를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR910001411A KR910001411A KR1019900008494A KR900008494A KR910001411A KR 910001411 A KR910001411 A KR 910001411A KR 1019900008494 A KR1019900008494 A KR 1019900008494A KR 900008494 A KR900008494 A KR 900008494A KR 910001411 A KR910001411 A KR 910001411A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- optical waveguide
- star coupler
- polymer optical
- parallel
- optical waveguides
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
- B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/526—Joining bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/69—General aspects of joining filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8324—Joining or pressing tools pivoting around one axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00663—Production of light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2856—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers formed or shaped by thermal heating means, e.g. splitting, branching and/or combining elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81265—Surface properties, e.g. surface roughness or rugosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
- B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
- B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
- B29K2909/02—Ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
- B29K2909/08—Glass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
- B29L2011/0075—Light guides, optical cables
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 혼합 영역에서 직사각형 단면의 스타 커플러를 제조하기 위한 장치를 도시한 도시도
제2도는 혼합 영역에서 둥근 단면의 스타 커플러를 제조하기 위한 장치를 도시한 도시도
제3도는 본 발명이 다른 실시에 따른 장치의 도시도
Claims (3)
- 광학 도파관을 동시에 정열 및 군집화하고 접착시킴으로써, 스타 커플러를 중합체 광학 도파관으로 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 결합 포인트에서 클래딩이 없는 광학 도파관은 장치의 중간 영역에서 스타 커플러의 최종 형태와 일치되는 채널에 평행하게 내장되고 열 및 압력에 의해 융합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조 방법.
- 평행한 중간부(2a,2a',2a")와 2개의 원추형측부(2b,2b',2b",2c,2c',2c")로 구성된 채널(2,2',2")을 갖는 하부(1,1',1")와, 채널(2,2',2")가 형상이 일치되고 평행한 중간부(4,4a',4")와 2개의 원추형 측부(4b,4b',4b",4c,4c',4c")로 구성된 메일 다이(4,4',4")를 갖는 상부(3,3',3")로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 중합체 광학 도파관으로 스타 커플러를 제조하는 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 하부(1")는 금속 바닥판(1a")과 전기적으로 비전도성인 내열재료의 2개의 측벽(1b",1c")으로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE39192636 | 1989-06-13 | ||
DE19893919263 DE3919263A1 (de) | 1989-06-13 | 1989-06-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines sternkopplers aus polymer-lichtwellenleitern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR910001411A true KR910001411A (ko) | 1991-01-30 |
Family
ID=6382654
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019900008494A KR910001411A (ko) | 1989-06-13 | 1990-06-11 | 중합체 광학 도파관으로부터 스타 커플러를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 장치 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5073314A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0403896B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JPH0327005A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR910001411A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1025369C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE133272T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU633927B2 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2018762A1 (ko) |
DE (2) | DE3919263A1 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK0403896T3 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2084617T3 (ko) |
GR (1) | GR3018827T3 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4121216A1 (de) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-01-07 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbindungselements fuer aus kunststoff bestehende, lichtleitende fasern |
EP0523514A1 (de) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-01-20 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines planaren optischen Kopplers |
US5355426A (en) * | 1992-09-02 | 1994-10-11 | Gould Electronics Inc. | Broadband MXN optical fiber couplers and method of making |
DE4300593C1 (de) * | 1993-01-13 | 1994-05-26 | Deutsche Aerospace | Schutzhülle für einen Monomode-Richtkoppler |
US5840151A (en) * | 1993-02-04 | 1998-11-24 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus and dies for forming peelable tube assemblies |
DK0633835T3 (da) * | 1993-02-04 | 1998-03-16 | Baxter Int | Aflang plastelementsamling samt fremgangsmåde og apparat til fremstilling deraf |
DE19607671B4 (de) | 1996-02-29 | 2004-08-26 | INSTITUT FüR MIKROTECHNIK MAINZ GMBH | Verfahren zur Herstellung optischer Bauelemente mit angekoppelten Lichtwellenleitern und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Bauelemente |
US20020172478A1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-21 | Sahlin Jennifer Joyce | Light transmission techniques |
WO2019246337A1 (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-26 | Incom, Inc. | Forming polymer optical devices by mold-constrained relaxation expansion |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB633082A (en) * | 1946-06-20 | 1949-12-12 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Improvements in or relating to the splicing of organic mono-filaments |
US3026569A (en) * | 1959-02-16 | 1962-03-27 | Philip B Keller | Method of fabricating omicron-rings |
US3819442A (en) * | 1972-04-04 | 1974-06-25 | Us Health Education & Welfare | Alignment techniques for fiber bundles |
GB1596869A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-09-03 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Directional coupler for optical fibre systems |
US4372769A (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1983-02-08 | Hicks Jr John W | Multi-fiber fiber-optic assembly method |
US4514057A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1985-04-30 | General Dynamics Pomona Division | Fiber optic coupler array and fabrication method |
US4687284A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1987-08-18 | Xerox Corporation | Bright fiber-free biconically tapered couplers |
AU569803B2 (en) * | 1984-09-06 | 1988-02-18 | Hitachi Limited | Optical fibre star coupler |
US4738511A (en) * | 1986-01-07 | 1988-04-19 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Molecular bonded fiber optic couplers and method of fabrication |
AU597178B2 (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1990-05-24 | Commonwealth Of Australia, The | Asymmetric fibre optic couplers and fabrication thereof |
DE3737930A1 (de) * | 1987-11-07 | 1989-05-18 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines optischen kopplers fuer polymer-lichtwellenleiter |
-
1989
- 1989-06-13 DE DE19893919263 patent/DE3919263A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-06-09 AT AT90110920T patent/ATE133272T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-09 DE DE59010062T patent/DE59010062D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-09 DK DK90110920T patent/DK0403896T3/da active
- 1990-06-09 EP EP19900110920 patent/EP0403896B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-09 ES ES90110920T patent/ES2084617T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-11 US US07/535,825 patent/US5073314A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-11 KR KR1019900008494A patent/KR910001411A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1990-06-12 AU AU56973/90A patent/AU633927B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-06-12 CA CA 2018762 patent/CA2018762A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-06-12 CN CN90104313A patent/CN1025369C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-12 JP JP2153827A patent/JPH0327005A/ja active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-01-31 GR GR960400215T patent/GR3018827T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0403896B1 (de) | 1996-01-17 |
DK0403896T3 (da) | 1996-05-20 |
ATE133272T1 (de) | 1996-02-15 |
AU633927B2 (en) | 1993-02-11 |
AU5697390A (en) | 1990-12-20 |
CN1048105A (zh) | 1990-12-26 |
CA2018762A1 (en) | 1990-12-13 |
JPH0327005A (ja) | 1991-02-05 |
GR3018827T3 (en) | 1996-04-30 |
EP0403896A3 (de) | 1992-01-08 |
DE3919263A1 (de) | 1990-12-20 |
CN1025369C (zh) | 1994-07-06 |
ES2084617T3 (es) | 1996-05-16 |
EP0403896A2 (de) | 1990-12-27 |
DE59010062D1 (de) | 1996-02-29 |
US5073314A (en) | 1991-12-17 |
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