KR20220054927A - cultivation method of hydroponics deodeok spray culture bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mass production method for hydroponic Codonopsis lanceolata Trautv. root using a spraying bed to enable hydroponic cultivation of Codonopsis lanceolata Trautv. root in a plastic greenhouse. According to the present invention, the mass production method comprises: a) a step of preparing seedlings; b) a germination step; c) a step of planting sprouts in a cultivation tank; d) a manga management step of supplying and draining nutrient solution of 18 to 22℃; e) a pre-lighting step using LEDs and fluorescent lamps; f) a growth hormone treatment step; g) a step of resupplying the nutrient solution; h) a singularization step; and i) a harvesting step.

Description

Mass production method of hydroponic deodeok using a spray culture bed {cultivation method of hydroponics deodeok spray culture bed}

The present specification relates to a method for mass production of hydroponic deodeok, and more specifically, to a method for mass production of hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed for hydroponically cultivating deodeok in a facility house.

Unless otherwise indicated herein, the material described in this section is not prior art to the claims of this application, and inclusion in this section is not an admission that it is prior art.

Deodeok is a perennial vine that grows in forests everywhere in Korea. The growing environment of Deodeok is a place where there is not much sunlight and there is a lot of humus and the surrounding humidity is high.

The length of the deodeok is 2~5m, and the leaves seem to be clustered by approaching each other at the tip of a short branch, and are long oval, 3~10cm long and 1.5~4cm wide.

The leaf edge of the deodeok is flat, the surface is green, but the back side is white with a powdery color. The flowers are light green on the outside and purple-brown spots on the inside, and they bloom downwards.

The fruit of deodeok ripens around October to November, and the seeds are fine. The roots of deodeok are as thick as bellflower, and when the vine is cut, a white milky liquid comes out, and the roots are used for food and medicine.

In other words, deodeok is boiled and eaten as a vegetable or eaten as a wrap, and the roots are used to make gochujang pickles, raw vegetables, purpura, grilled vegetables, nureumjeok, jeonggwa, and alcohol.

Especially, grilled deodeok, which is thinly sliced and beaten with a knife, etc., soaked in cold water to brew, then squeezed and seasoned with sesame oil, and then grilled on a griddle while evenly spreading the seasoning.

The general cultivation techniques of deodeok are as follows.

[Cultivation type]

Cultivation of seed root production: Seeds are sown and seedlings are cultivated for one year, but the germination rate is low.

Cultivation by seedling transplantation: transplanting seedlings grown for 1 year and growing them for 1 to 2 years

Direct-sowing cultivation: Directly sown with seeds and cultivated for 2-3 years

Cultivation in mountainous areas: Cultivation for 4-5 years by breaking the seeds in mountainous areas

[Planting and sowing time]

Spring planting and sowing: mid-March to early May

Autumn planting and sowing: mid-October to freezing season

[How to plow the field]

Tillage should be done as deep as possible by plowing and stopping 3 times or more to soften the soil, and for the ridge of deodeok cultivation, make a ridge of 60-75 cm, ridge height 30 cm, and furrow width 30 cm. Lime has the effect of neutralizing soil acidity. However, the neutralizing effect of lime on soil acidity does not last for more than a year, so if lime is used, use it after culturing for 10 to 15 days.

At the time of final tilling 10-15 days before sowing and planting, evenly spread the prepared base, till deeply and stop.

[Sowing deodeok]

1) Sowing time of direct sowing: Fall sowing is efficient for direct sowing cultivation using seeds.

Autumn sowing: late October to early December (before freezing)

Spring sowing: late March to late April

2) Appropriate soil quality for direct sowing cultivation

In general, it is similar to the appropriate soil suitable for production and cultivation of seed root production, but when the growth point of the root comes into contact with hard soil or stone when the seed germinates and grows, it separates and produces a lot of twigs. The soil should be soft, deep, and well drained.

3) Seed requirements for direct seed cultivation: per 3~5ℓ/10a

4) How to sterilize seeds: Mix 1-2 g of gibberellin, 30 g of seed disinfectant, and 10 g of general nutrient (yeast) in 5 liters of water and soak the seeds for 6-12 hours.

5) Directly planted vinyl mulching

In direct sowing cultivation, weeds are a problem, so the vinyl mulch cultivation method is useful. However, you should pay attention to the following when growing vinyl mulch.

Gas generation: Sowing 7 to 10 days after applying fully fermented organic fertilizer and compost

Moisture supply: Deodeok is a crop that is weak against moisture, but requires moisture supply. When growing with vinyl mulch, a spray hose is installed on the ridge and moisture is supplied when moisture is insufficient for good growth.

[Types of vinyl mulching cultivation]

If you use black plastic to make a hole, weeds are small, but since it increases the temperature, cover the soil a little on the plastic so that the plastic adheres to the soil, cover it with straw about 1 cm, and prevent the deodeok seeds from drying out. germination can be successful. It is effective if you spread rice straw in the furrow when the prop is erected after the seeds germinate.

Black and white double-perforated vinyl mulching cultivation

It is a vinyl with a hole in black and white double vinyl, and it is cultivated by mulching the black toward the ground. If the spray hose is installed on the ridge, it is easy to supply moisture, prevents the temperature rise, and has the effect of suppressing weed germination, but it is expensive.

6) Direct sowing method

Cover the prepared ridge with plastic and drill 7x7 cm in width and length. The hole diameter is about 3 cm. Sow 3 to 5 deodeok seeds in each hole. Mix well fermented compost or sawdust fertilizer and raw soil 1:1. cover the hole Cover the rice straw with a thickness of 1cm and supply moisture until germination.

7) Thinning method of direct planting

Since the seeds of deodeok have affinity and stick together, which reduces product value and interferes with growth, thinning is performed when deodeok grows to 4-5 cm.

[Cultivation of seedling transplantation]

1) Installation of nursery

Choose sandy loam or loamy loam with good drainage and deep soil.

Sprinkle 112kg/10a of Bonpo compost, 37kg of Yongseonginbi or Yonggwanin, and 75kg of green grass, till and stop.

The width of the ridge should be about 120cm and the height of the ridge should be about 30cm, and the bed soil should be softened as much as possible so that the roots can extend well.

2) Seed disinfection

After 120 days have elapsed after sowing, low-temperature treatment at 2-5℃ for 7 days or more or open-air burial.

Sterilize by immersion in 5ppm of gibberellin aqueous solution for 24 hours.

Low temperature treatment effect (2℃): 3 days 62%, 7 days 94%, 10 days 93%, open field 93% germination

3) Seeder machine

Spring sowing: Late March to early April in the central and southern plains, mid-April in the highlands

Autumn sowing: late October to late November

Sowing amount: 150-200 g of seeds are sown in 40 ㎡ of seeds from which contaminants have been completely removed.

4) Sowing

Sowing method

There is the midwife method and the sowing method in which troughs are made and planted at 10cm intervals, which are easy to manage.

When sowing, the seeds are light, so mix them with fine sand 1:4 and sow evenly.

cover and cover

Mix well-rotted compost and sandy sandy soil 1:2 (volume ratio), and cover with sifted top soil about 0.5cm so that the seeds are not visible, and cover with straw or hay.

5) Close-up

It should be straight without side branches, the length is 10cm or more, and the brain part is 7mm or more.

Eyes are correctly attached and there is no wound or nematode damage

6) Fertilization amount

Gibi (10a): When 1,500 kg of Bonpo compost and 6 kg of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium are applied, the yield is high. (Nitrogen fertilizer is given 70%.)

Additional fertilization: Give the remaining 30% around mid-to-late July before flowering.

7) Fertilization method: There are two methods: fertilize the entire layer of the base manure and apply the upper manure between the ridges on a sunny day before it rains to let it seep in when it rains, or dig the side of the ridge and apply it and then cover it. At this point, be careful as digging too close to the root will damage the root and cause it to rot.

8) Installation of poles and deodeok net

If possible, it is efficient to stand up as soon as possible after germination.

time to build

Around 40-50 days after sowing seeds (Autumn sowing: early May)

Termite transplantation: between 30 and 40 days after transplantation (Autumn transplantation: mid-late April)

Post height: 1.8~2.0m is ideal, but if it is too high, leaves and stems grow too thickly, which affects root hypertrophy.

How to erect a pole: Build bamboo or arbor poles at 1.5-2.0 m intervals in length and fasten them with wire No. 14 at the top, and wire No. 18 at the middle and bottom. After fixing the wire, cover it with nylon string or deodeok net and fix it taut.

Also, cut 9mm thick reinforcing bars used for construction into 4.5~5.0m in length, and if the ridge is 60cm wide, make the width 40~45cm and the height 2m, bend it in a +-+ shape, put it on the ridge, and tie it with the No.12 wire. Put the horse neck at the end of the ridge and fix it. Then, the trunk line is wrapped with wire No. 18 and a deodeok net is installed on it.

On the other hand, direct-sown cultivation in which deodeok is sowed or grown by transplanting seedlings, or direct-sown cultivation, which is cultivated for 2 to 3 years after sowing by seed tea, is weak to moisture during the cultivation period after sowing, but due to the habit of deodeok that requires water supply, There are problems in that it takes a lot of labor for the cultivation cost and periodic fertilization and weed removal due to the preparation of this deep, well-drained soil.

Recently, to remove weeds, the method of installing a spray hose on the ridge with a vinyl mulch cultivation method, covering the soil with black vinyl or black double vinyl, and then laying rice huts is helpful in removing weeds, but the management cost is low. It costs a lot, and a lot of cultivation cost or labor is required for fertilization and pest control from sowing to cultivation management period.

In the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1207040, a hydroponic cultivation device for root vegetables has been registered.

In the embodiment of the present specification, the root skin is flexible so that the deodeok containing various functional ingredients can be eaten with the peel, and the growth is fast with three annual mechanisms, so that the yield of leaves, stems and roots can be improved. It is related to the mass production method of deodeok.

According to an embodiment of the present specification to achieve the above and other purposes of the present specification,

By establishing a water supply and drainage management system including a supply and drainage pipe, a cultivation tank, a spray system, a drainage tank, a filter, a liquid supply management system, a nutrient solution supply device, and a liquid temperature controller equipped with a heat pipe and a cooler, hydraulic deodeok using a spray glass bed Applied to mass production methods,

a) Purchase large quantities of seedlings obtained around 25 days after sowing of deodeok seeds or seedlings older than 1 to 2 years without root skin damage or disease, mix with vermiculite, supply moisture, and put in coconut medium at 1-3℃ for 1-10 months Stored for a period of time, stored for 1 day at low temperature (3 to 5°C), and then taken out and washed with sterilized water to use immediately as seedlings for formal use, or to prepare seedlings with a certain amount of sprouts and roots grown on the germination stage for 10 days (see S10);

b) The prepared seedlings are planted obliquely at intervals of 2×2cm in a germination pot filled with coconut pits in a facility that is shaded with either a 30-50% aluminum deposition screen or a light-shielding screen selected from a minimart, and germination stage for 10-15 days. (see S20);

c) A culture tank in which the germinated seedlings are cut with a 3×3×25cm polyurethane sponge and wrapped around the stem of the deodeok, and then planted in the diamond-shaped planting hole formed at a planting interval of 10 to 15cm on the Styrofoam top of the cultivation tank. formal step (refer to S30);

d) A management step of supplying and draining the nutrient solution at 18-22℃ by repeating 10-20 seconds of supply per minute day and night, and a break of 40-50 seconds with the nutrient solution fed into the culture tank formally planted in step (c) (refer to S40) );

e) A net is installed on the cultivation tank vertically and horizontally to attract the stems and partially arrange the red leaves and stems during cultivation to help light, and to promote photosynthesis during the low light period using LEDs and fluorescent lamps (see S50);

f) During the 3rd month after planting, the leaves are harvested at intervals of 3 to 5 days for 3 to 4 months when the vines grow to their maximum size. benzyl adenine) at 50-150 ppm and foliar spraying on deodeok leaves once to reduce the growth of leaves and stems and phase change to enlarge the roots (refer to S60);

g) re-supplying the nutrient solution into the culture tank formally planted in step (c) (see S65);

h) 15-day single processing step of adjusting the length of the day within 10 hours using artificial lighting and a 100% shading film (refer to S70);

i) After a single treatment, when the root is maximally enlarged, a harvest treatment step (see S80) with 2-3 leaves attached to the stem provides a mass production method of hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed, comprising: .

The mass production method of the hydroponic deodeok using the atomizing bed according to the embodiment of the present specification having the above-described configuration has the following advantages.

The root skin is flexible so that you can eat deodeok, which is beneficial to the human body, containing various functional ingredients, and there is no heavy work due to removing the skin. This contributes to a new consumption market and consumption promotion, and compared to the Togyeong Deodeok, it is possible to significantly improve the productivity as the main and fine roots grow and prosper with 3 plants a year in the facility house.

1 is a flowchart showing a mass production method of a hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed according to a preferred embodiment of the present specification;
FIG. 2 is a photograph substituted for a drawing of a spray-on cultivation tank in the mass production method shown in FIG. 1; FIG.
i) is a photo of the leaf harvest stage 3 months after planting,
ii) is a photograph of micro-root growth of hydroponic deodeok 3 months after planting.
3 is a comparative photograph according to soil cultivation for the same period as hydroponics deodeok 4 months after planting in the mass production method shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a drawing substitute photograph showing the washing of fine roots of hydroponic deodeok in the mass production method shown in FIG. 1 .

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a method for mass production of hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed according to a preferred embodiment of the present specification will be described in detail.

1 to 4, the mass production method of hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed according to an embodiment of the present specification is

By establishing a water supply and drainage management system including a supply and drainage pipe, a cultivation tank, a spray system, a drainage tank, a filter, a liquid supply management system, a nutrient solution supply device, and a liquid temperature controller equipped with a heat pipe and a cooler, hydraulic deodeok using a spray glass bed Applied to mass production methods,

a) Purchase large quantities of seedlings obtained around 25 days after sowing of deodeok seeds or seedlings older than 1 to 2 years without root skin damage or disease, mix with vermiculite, supply moisture, and put in coconut medium at 1-3℃ for 1-10 months Stored for a period of time, stored at low temperature (3 to 5℃) for 1 day, taken out, washed with sterilized water, and used immediately as seedlings for formal use, or seedling preparation step in which a certain amount of sprouts and roots were grown on the germination stage for 10 days (see S10);

b) The prepared seedlings are planted obliquely at an interval of 2×2cm in a germination pot filled with coconut pits in a facility that is shaded with either a 30-50% aluminum deposition screen or a light-shielding screen selected from a minimart, and germination stage for 10-15 days. (see S20);

c) A culture tank in which the germinated seedlings are cut with a 3×3×25cm polyurethane sponge, wrapped around the stem of the deodeok, and then planted in the diamond-shaped planting hole formed at a planting interval of 10 to 15cm on the Styrofoam top of the cultivation tank. formal step (refer to S30);

d) A management step of supplying and draining the nutrient solution at 18-22℃ by repeating 10-20 seconds of supply every 1 minute day and night, and a break of 40-50 seconds with the nutrient solution fed into the culture tank formally planted in step (c) (refer to S40) );

e) A net is installed on the cultivation tank vertically and horizontally to attract the stems and partially arrange the red leaves and stems during cultivation to help light, and to promote photosynthesis during the low light period using LEDs and fluorescent lamps (see S50);

f) During the 3rd month after planting, the leaves are harvested at intervals of 3 to 5 days for 3 to 4 months when the vines grow to their maximum size. benzyl adenine) at 50-150 ppm and foliar spraying on deodeok leaves once to reduce the growth of leaves and stems and phase change to enlarge the roots (refer to S60);

g) re-supplying the nutrient solution into the culture tank formally planted in step (c) (see S65);

h) 15-day single processing step of adjusting the length of the day within 10 hours using artificial lighting and a 100% shading film (refer to S70);

i) When the root is maximally enlarged after a single treatment, a harvest treatment step (see S80) with 2-3 leaves attached to the stem; characterized in that it includes.

According to a more preferred embodiment, the cultivation tank of step (c) described above

Install a pedestal that can raise the culture tank at a height of 20-50cm from the ground,

It is formed in the form of a plastic or Styrofoam material box of 100 × 60 × 30 cm with excellent impact resistance and weather resistance.

The inside of the cultivation tank, where a number of cultivation tanks are arranged in the longitudinal direction, is coated with a 0.1mm thick black-and-white film, and 20 mm diameter water supply pipes installed with ultra-fine nozzles of 20-40 μm particles at 40 cm intervals are arranged on the bottom of the cultivation tank, Make sure that the nutrient solution does not leak,

It is characterized in that the inclination of the entire cultivation tank is 1° so that the waste nutrient solution accumulated on the bottom is collected in one place and collected in a water collecting tank, and the upper part is formed by installing a Styrofoam top plate for planting regular seedlings.

The nutrient solution in step (g) described above is

Obtained by mixing 5-10 parts by weight of loess powder, 5-10 parts by weight of Artemisia mugwort, 2,5 parts by weight of arrowroot juice, 5-10 parts by weight of fruit juice or fruit powder, fermenting at 30-40 ℃ for 8-9 days, and filtering and refining Put the clean seawater fermented product and clean seawater collected from a clean area into a heat treatment tank, mix 10-40 parts by weight of seawater, and a mineral solution containing quicklime in an arbitrary ratio, then add mineral water to adjust the pH to 8-12. It is characterized by adjusting the alkali level.

To supply the nutrient solution stored in the external nutrient solution storage tank to the cultivation tank,

It is characterized in that it further comprises a supply pipe in which a plurality of injection holes are formed to spray the nutrient solution to the root vegetable roots.

Hereinafter, a mass production method of a hydroponic deodeok using an aerosol bed according to an embodiment of the present specification will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 4, after planting according to the present invention, more detailed cultivation management is as follows.

In the management stage of supplying and draining the nutrient solution, the ultra-fine and fine particle spray method is adopted to generate and supply the atomized particles as thin as possible, thereby reducing the amount of nutrient solution used and heating and cooling with minimal additional energy.

In addition, antibacterial properties are given by putting an antibacterial mineral such as a ball or plate-shaped product made of Illite, a mineral containing germanium, into the nutrient solution container filled with the supplied nutrient solution.

For reference, in the step (d) according to the present invention, in the management step of supplying and draining the nutrient solution, a nutrient solution diluter equipped with a solar proportional and time proportional type feeding command device, which is often used in general nutrient solution cultivation, is adopted to enable automatic feeding of the nutrient solution. , when the nutrient solution supplied in the spray state is absorbed to the roots of deodeok, and the remaining drained nutrient solution is collected in a collection tank and used again, sterilize it using a UV sterilizer or ozone water treatment device used for nutrient solution cultivation, and then add 10 to the newly prepared nutrient solution. Dilute to about % and recycle.

In addition, it is desirable to control the environment and use a natural crop protection agent against pests such as mites, aphids, and root ›› rot.

According to the mass production method of hydroponic deodeok using the spray bed as described above,

They were planted in early February, early June, and early October, respectively, and production technology could be provided in three plants from early April to the end of May, from early August to the end of September, and from early December to the end of January.

As described above, the productivity of hydroponic deodeok harvested by hydroponic production technology using aerosol bed according to the present invention and deodeok harvested by soil cultivation is shown in Table 1 below.

cultivation method Main weight (g) Fine root weight (g) Total (g) Hydroponics (A) 65.78 39.24 105.52 Soil cultivation (B) 25.53 5.12 30.65 A-B 40.25 34.62 74.87 A/B 2.58 7.66 3.44

The comparison table according to the productivity comparison table was formulated in April 2013, and the average value of the samples obtained by hydroponic cultivation and 30 samples according to soil cultivation, which were harvested in August, is statistically obtained.

As shown in Table 1, compared to soil cultivation, the production of main root weight was 2.58 times and that of fine root weight was 7.66 times, indicating that overall productivity was improved by 3.44 times.

In addition, as a result of comparing the saponin content of the one-year root used as deodeok for official use with the saponin content of the roots harvested after spraying cultivation, the saponin content was doubled after spraying as shown in Table 2 below, resulting in excellent quality. showed

division before spraying After spray cultivation Saponin concentration (mg/g) 0.01 0.02

As shown in Fig. 3, the main and fine roots of hydroponic deodeok in hydroponics according to the present invention as shown in the comparative photo according to the same periodical soil cultivation as the hydroponic deodeok in the harvest stage at the 4th month after planting by the present invention spray-ponic cultivation. It was found that the strength of the main and fine roots was superior compared to that of the soil-ground deodeok according to the cultivation.

In addition, like the vigorous washing of the fine roots of the hydroponic deodeok by the spray culture shown in FIG. 4, as shown in the reference photo showing the fine roots that can be eaten with the skin only by simple washing with water, the atomizer bed is applied with 3 techniques per year. The deodeok grown by using the hydroponic mass production method has a flexible root skin so that the skin of the deodeok rich in various active ingredients can be eaten. It is a useful invention that can help increase and contribute to new consumption markets and consumption promotion.

Here, although the foregoing specification has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art can variously modify and modify the present specification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present specification as set forth in the following claims. You will understand that you can change it.

Claims (3)

By establishing a water supply and drainage management system including a supply and drainage pipe, a cultivation tank, a spray system, a drainage tank, a filter, a liquid supply management system, a nutrient solution supply device, and a liquid temperature controller equipped with a heat pipe and a cooler, hydraulic deodeok using a spray glass bed Applied to mass production method,
a) Purchase large quantities of seedlings obtained around 25 days after sowing of deodeok seeds or seedlings older than 1 to 2 years without root skin damage or ear disease, mix with vermiculite, supply moisture, and put in coconut medium at 1-3℃ for 1-10 months After storage for a period of time, store at low temperature (3~5℃) for 1 day, take it out, wash it with sterilized water, and use it immediately as seedlings for formal use, or prepare seedlings in which a certain amount of sprouts and roots are grown on the germination stage for 10 days;
b) The prepared seedlings are planted obliquely at intervals of 2×2cm in a germination pot filled with coconut pits in a facility that is shaded with either a 30-50% aluminum deposition screen or a light-shielding screen selected from a minimart, and germination stage for 10-15 days. ;
c) A culture tank in which the germinated seedlings are cut with a 3×3×25cm polyurethane sponge and wrapped around the stem of the deodeok, and then planted in the diamond-shaped planting hole formed at a planting interval of 10 to 15cm on the Styrofoam top of the cultivation tank. formal stage;
d) A management step of supplying and draining the nutrient solution at 18-22°C by repeating 10-20 seconds of supply every 1 minute day and night with the nutrient solution fed into the culture tank formally planted in step (c), followed by a 40-50 second break;
e) A net is installed vertically and horizontally on the cultivation tank to attract the stems and partially arrange the red leaves and stems during cultivation to help the light, and during the low light period to promote photosynthesis, a precursor treatment step using LEDs and fluorescent lamps;
f) Three months after planting, harvest leaves at intervals of 3-5 days for 3-4 months during which the vines grow to their maximum size, lower the watering temperature to 15±2℃ to induce root growth, and benzyl adenine) at 50-150ppm and foliar spraying on deodeok leaves once to reduce the growth of leaves and stems and phase change to enlarge the roots;
g) re-supplying the nutrient solution into the culture tank formally planted in step (c);
h) A single treatment step for 15 days to adjust the length of the day to less than 10 hours using artificial lighting and 100% shading film;
i) After a single treatment, when the root is maximally enlarged, a harvesting treatment step with 2-3 leaves attached to the stem. The method of claim 1,
The nutrient solution in step (g) is
Obtained by mixing 5-10 parts by weight of loess powder, 5-10 parts by weight of Artemisia mugwort, 2,5 parts by weight of arrowroot juice, 5-10 parts by weight of fruit juice or fruit powder, fermenting at 30-40 ℃ for 8-9 days, and filtering and refining Put the clean seawater fermented product and clean seawater collected from a clean area into a heat treatment tank, mix 10-40 parts by weight of seawater, and a mineral solution containing quicklime in an arbitrary ratio, then add mineral water to adjust the pH to 8-12. A mass production method of hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed, characterized in that the alkali level is adjusted. The method of claim 1,
In order to supply the nutrient solution stored in the external nutrient solution storage tank to the cultivation tank,
A method for mass production of hydroponic deodeok using a spray bed, characterized in that it further comprises a supply pipe in which a plurality of injection holes are formed and spraying the nutrient solution to root vegetable roots.

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