KR20220036929A - Medium composition for culturing morel and the culturing method for morel thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a medium composition for culturing morel and a method for culturing morel thereby. When culturing morel by using the medium composition of the present invention, it is possible to culture the fruit body of morel, which was difficult to cultivate. In addition, when the medium composition of the present invention is used, the growth efficiency of morel is excellent regardless of the culturing method such as open field culturing, house culturing or box culturing, so that morel can be mass-produced at low cost, and there is an effect of reducing production costs.

Description

Medium composition for morel mushroom cultivation and method of cultivation of morel mushrooms using the same {Medium composition for culturing morel and the culturing method for morel thereby}

The present invention relates to a medium composition for cultivating morel mushrooms and a method of cultivating morel mushrooms using the same.

There are about 15,000 kinds of mushrooms around the world, and 1,000 to 2,000 kinds of edible mushrooms are known. There are about 1,500 kinds of native mushrooms in Korea, about 350 kinds of edible mushrooms, and about 90 kinds of poisonous mushrooms. There are about 30 types of mushrooms, and mainly oyster mushroom, matsutake, top, oyster mushroom, shiitake, and reishi mushrooms account for more than 95% of them. development and research on it are required, but it is rarely done in Korea.

Morel Mushroom is one of the rarest edible bacteria in the world, and as a high-quality well-being nutritious food, it contains high organic germanium (Ge) to protect the kidneys and clear the mind. , immunity increase, etc., contains various vitamins and amino acids, and the protein content is about twice that of wood ear mushrooms and 1.5 times that of shiitake mushrooms.

Artificial cultivation of morel mushrooms started in England, the United States, France, and Germany in 1883, but mass cultivation of fruiting bodies failed. It continued to stop at the mycelium production stage.

Morel mushrooms have a special flavor, so they are used in high-end cuisines in France and Italy, and are widely used in food ingredients, chocolate, and wine in Europe and the United States. Research on the development of mass cultivation technology for morel mushrooms is very necessary.

Accordingly, the present inventors confirmed the composition of a medium capable of culturing the fruiting body of Morel mushroom, which was difficult to cultivate, and completed the present invention.

Korean Patent No. 10-1602718

An object of the present invention is to provide a medium composition for cultivating morel mushrooms.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing Morel mycelium.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a Morel mycelium grown by the above cultivation method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing Morel mushroom fruit bodies.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a Morel mushroom fruiting body grown by the above cultivation method.

In order to achieve the above object,

The present invention is oak fermented sawdust;

humus; and

It provides a medium composition for culturing Morel, comprising: at least one selected from the group consisting of wheat, rice husk and cornmeal.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of inoculating and culturing Morel mushroom in a medium mixed with sawdust and rice bran (step 1);

inoculating the cultured Morel mushrooms of step 1 into a culture medium for Morel mushrooms (Step 2); and

culturing the inoculated Morel fungus at a culture temperature of 20 to 25° C. and a relative humidity of 60 to 70% for 25 to 30 days to form sclerotia from the Morel fungus (step 3); including,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 contains at least one selected from the group consisting of oak fermented sawdust, humus, and wheat, rice husk and corn flour,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 provides a method for cultivating morel mushroom mycelium, characterized in that it further comprises quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ and white sugar.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a Morel mushroom mycelium grown by the above cultivation method.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of inoculating and culturing Morel mushroom in a medium mixed with sawdust and rice bran (step 1);

inoculating the cultured Morel mushrooms of step 1 into a culture medium for Morel mushrooms (Step 2);

culturing the inoculated Morel fungus at a culture temperature of 20 to 25° C. and a relative humidity of 60 to 70% for 25 to 30 days to form sclerotia from the Morel fungus (step 3); and

growing a Morel mushroom fruiting body from the formed sclerotia (step 4); including,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 contains at least one selected from the group consisting of oak fermented sawdust, humus, and wheat, rice husk and corn flour,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 provides a method for cultivating morel mushroom fruiting bodies, characterized in that it further comprises quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ and white sugar.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a Morel mushroom fruiting body grown by the above cultivation method.

The present invention relates to a culture medium composition for morel mushrooms and a method for culturing morel mushrooms, and when culturing using the medium composition of the present invention, it is possible to culture the fruiting bodies of the morel mushrooms, which were difficult to cultivate, and also When the medium composition is used, the growth efficiency of morel mushrooms is excellent regardless of the cultivation method such as open-field cultivation, house cultivation or box cultivation, so that morel mushrooms can be mass-produced at low cost, and there is an effect of reducing production costs.

Fig. 1 is an image showing the culture of Morel mushrooms in (a) a polypropylene bottle or (b) a plastic bag.
2 is an image showing the mycelium growth of Morel mushroom according to the medium mixing ratio.
3 is an image showing the fruiting body formation and growth process during the cultivation of Morel mushrooms.
4 is an image showing the fruiting body formation and growth process during box cultivation of Morel mushroom.
5 is an image showing the fruiting body formation and growth process during the more mushroom house cultivation.
6 is an image showing the fruiting body of Morel mushrooms harvested in the culture medium for Morel mushrooms of the present invention.
7 is a study of the characteristics of the harvested Morel Mushroom fruiting body.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

Medium composition for morel mushroom cultivation

The present invention is oak fermented sawdust; humus; and at least one selected from the group consisting of wheat, rice husk and cornmeal;

In the composition of the present invention, the composition may further include quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ and white sugar, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of quicklime, 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of gypsum based on 100 parts by weight of the medium composition for cultivating morel mushrooms parts, KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.005 to 0.015 parts by weight and 2.5 to 7.5 parts by weight of white sugar.

In the composition of the present invention, the oak fermented sawdust is a fermented product fermented outdoors by adding moisture to raw oak sawdust for a long time and turning it over, draining the resin and harmful ingredients, and increasing the moisturizing power after ripening, making it easy for mushroom bacteria to use It is sawdust made in a state.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition may include 9 to 48 parts by weight of humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust and 23 to 63 parts by weight of wheat, preferably 38 to 38 parts by weight of humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust It may contain 48 parts by weight and 52 to 63 parts by weight of wheat, or 9 to 20 parts by weight of humus and 23 to 34 parts by weight of wheat based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition may include 38 to 48 parts by weight of humus and 52 to 62 parts by weight of corn flour based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition may include 28 to 40 parts by weight of humus, 95 to 105 parts by weight of wheat, and 95 to 105 parts by weight of rice husk based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition may include 35 to 50 parts by weight of humus, 20 to 40 parts by weight of wheat, and 20 to 40 parts by weight of corn flour based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

Cultivation method of morel mycelium

The present invention comprises the steps of inoculating and culturing Morel mushroom in a medium mixed with sawdust and rice bran (step 1);

inoculating the cultured Morel mushrooms of step 1 into a culture medium for Morel mushrooms (Step 2); and

culturing the inoculated Morel fungus at a culture temperature of 20 to 25° C. and a relative humidity of 60 to 70% for 25 to 30 days to form sclerotia from the Morel fungus (step 3); including,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 contains at least one selected from the group consisting of oak fermented sawdust, humus, and wheat, rice husk and corn flour,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 provides a method for cultivating morel mushroom mycelium, characterized in that it further comprises quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ and white sugar.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the oak fermented sawdust is a fermented product that is fermented outdoors while adding moisture to raw oak sawdust for a long time and turning it over, draining the resin and harmful components, and increasing the moisturizing power after ripening, making it easy for mushroom bacteria to use It is sawdust made in one state.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, 1 to 2 parts by weight of quicklime, 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of gypsum, 0.005 to 0.015 parts by weight of KH ₂ PO ₄ and 2.5 to 7.5 parts by weight of white sugar, based on 100 parts by weight of the morel mushroom cultivation medium. there is.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for cultivating morel mushrooms may contain 9 to 48 parts by weight of humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust and 23 to 63 parts by weight of wheat, preferably, humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust. 38 to 48 parts by weight and 52 to 63 parts by weight of wheat, or 9 to 20 parts by weight of humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust and 23 to 34 parts by weight of wheat.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for growing morel mushrooms may contain 38 to 48 parts by weight of humus and 52 to 62 parts by weight of corn flour based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for growing morel mushrooms may contain 28 to 40 parts by weight of humus, 95 to 105 parts by weight of wheat, and 95 to 105 parts by weight of rice husk based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for growing morel mushrooms may contain 35 to 50 parts by weight of humus, 20 to 40 parts by weight of wheat, and 20 to 40 parts by weight of corn flour based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In addition, the present invention provides a Morel mushroom mycelium grown by the method of cultivating the Morel mushroom mycelium.

Cultivation Method of Morel Mushroom Fruiting Body

The present invention comprises the steps of inoculating and culturing Morel mushroom in a medium mixed with sawdust and rice bran (step 1);

inoculating the cultured Morel mushrooms of step 1 into a culture medium for Morel mushrooms (Step 2);

culturing the inoculated Morel fungus at a culture temperature of 20 to 25° C. and a relative humidity of 60 to 70% for 25 to 30 days to form sclerotia from the Morel fungus (step 3); and

growing a Morel mushroom fruiting body from the formed sclerotia (step 4); including,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 contains at least one selected from the group consisting of oak fermented sawdust, humus, and wheat, rice husk and corn flour,

The medium for morel mushroom cultivation in step 2 provides a method for cultivating morel mushroom fruiting bodies, characterized in that it further comprises quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ and white sugar.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the oak fermented sawdust is a fermented product that is fermented outdoors while adding moisture to raw oak sawdust for a long time and turning it over, draining the resin and harmful components, and increasing the moisturizing power after ripening, making it easy for mushroom bacteria to use It is sawdust made in one state.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, 1 to 2 parts by weight of quicklime, 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of gypsum, 0.005 to 0.015 parts by weight of KH ₂ PO ₄ and 2.5 to 7.5 parts by weight of white sugar, based on 100 parts by weight of the morel mushroom cultivation medium. there is.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for cultivating morel mushrooms may contain 9 to 48 parts by weight of humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust and 23 to 63 parts by weight of wheat, preferably, humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust. 38 to 48 parts by weight and 52 to 63 parts by weight of wheat, or 9 to 20 parts by weight of humus based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust and 23 to 34 parts by weight of wheat.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for growing morel mushrooms may contain 38 to 48 parts by weight of humus and 52 to 62 parts by weight of corn flour based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for growing morel mushrooms may contain 28 to 40 parts by weight of humus, 95 to 105 parts by weight of wheat, and 95 to 105 parts by weight of rice husk based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, the medium for growing morel mushrooms may contain 35 to 50 parts by weight of humus, 20 to 40 parts by weight of wheat, and 20 to 40 parts by weight of corn flour based on 100 parts by weight of fermented oak sawdust.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, in step 4, the sclerotia formed in step 3 may be grown in box cultivation, open field cultivation or house cultivation to grow Morel mushroom fruiting bodies from the sclerotia.

In the case of the box cultivation, put a certain amount of soil in a box, spray the sclerotia of step 3 to grow mycelium, and when mycelium growth is prevalent on the soil surface, it is treated with a nutrient source such as quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ or white sugar, Morel mushroom fruiting bodies can be grown by controlling the temperature of 10 to 20 ° C, 60 to 95% relative humidity, and 800 to 1000 ppm carbon dioxide concentration, and in the case of the open field or house cultivation, the mycelium is grown by spraying the sclerotia of step 3 Then, when mycelium growth is prevalent on the soil surface, treatment with nutrients such as quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ or white sugar, and controlling the temperature of 5 to 20 ° C and 80 to 90% relative humidity to grow morel fruiting bodies. can

In addition, the present invention provides a Morel mushroom fruiting body grown by the method for cultivating the Morel mushroom fruiting body.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of Examples. However, the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

<Preparation Example 1> Preparation of test strain and seed strain

As the strain used for the test, Morchella sp. stored in the Mushroom Department of the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science was used as the test strain.

<Preparation Example 2> Inoculation culture

After culturing the strain of Preparation Example 1 in PDA (potato dextrose agar) plate medium for 7 days, put about 100ml of pine sawdust and rice bran mixed medium (80:20, v/v) in a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask at 121°C for 40 minutes. Morel mushrooms were inoculated in a sterile medium and cultured for 20 days, and then used as an inoculum.

<Preparation Example 3> Preparation of medium for morel mushroom cultivation

A medium for cultivating morel mushrooms was prepared with the composition shown in Table 1 below.

preparation example Medium mixing ratio (%) 3-1 75 oak sawdust + 1 gypsum + 25 bran + 1 superphosphate lime 3-2 Cottonseed meal 75 + gypsum 2 + bran 20 + superphosphate 2 3-3 Rice straw powder 70 + bran 15 + superphosphate 2 lime 3-4 Concove 80 + Rice bran 20 + Gypsum 2 + Superphosphate lime 1 3-5 Oak sawdust 80+Rice bran 15+Bran 5+Gypsum 1.5+KH ₂ PO ₄ 2 3-6 Oak fermented sawdust 80 + rice bran 15 + bran 5 + gypsum 1.5 + KH ₂ PO ₄ 2 3-7 Wheat 28.5+ Oak Fermented Sawdust 50+Heat 21.5+Quick Lime 1.5+Gypsum 2+KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01+White Sugar 5 3-8 Wheat 20+ Oak fermented sawdust 70+ Humus 10+ Quicklime 1.5+ Gypsum 2+KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01+ White sugar 5 3-9 Wheat 30+ oak fermented sawdust 30+ rice husk 30+ humus 10+ quicklime 1.5+ gypsum 2+KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01+ white sugar 5 3-10 Fermented oak sawdust 40 + rice husk 25 + corn flour 25 + humus 10 + quicklime 1.5 + gypsum 2 + KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01 + white sugar 5 3-11 Wheat 15 + Corn Cob 30 + Rice Straw 20 + Corn Flour 20 + Humus 15 + Quick Lime 1.5 + Gypsum 2 + KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01 + White Sugar 5 3-12 Corn Flour 28.5+ Oak Fermented Sawdust 50+Heat 21.5+Quick Lime 1.5+Gypsum 2+KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01+White Sugar 5 3-13 Wheat 15 + Corn Flour 15 + Oak Fermented Sawdust 49 + Humus 21 + Quick Lime 1.5 + Gypsum 2 + KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.01 + White Sugar 5

<Example 1> Morel mushroom seed culture

<1-1>

The moisture content of the medium of Preparation Example 3-1 was adjusted to around 65%, and the medium was put in a PP (Polyproylene) bottle and a plastic bag at the same pressure up to the neck, sterilized at 121°C for 90 minutes and then cooled to around 20°C and prepared. The inoculum was inoculated (see FIG. 1 ). The inoculated medium was cultured for 25-30 days in a culture room controlled at a culture temperature of 20-25°C and a relative humidity of 60-70%. During the incubation period, the contaminated medium was immediately removed by examining the contamination of various bacteria for each mixed medium.

<1-2 to 1-13>

Morel mushroom seed was cultured under the same conditions as in Example 1-1, except that the medium of Preparation Examples 3-2 to 3-13 was used.

<Example 2> Morel mushroom seed inoculation and morel mushroom fruiting body growth management

In box cultivation, a certain amount of soil is put into a box using a cultivation facility that can control temperature and humidity and is equipped with a ventilation facility for carbon dioxide emission, and the seeds of Examples 1-7 to 1-9 where the culture is completed are sprayed and the soil is grown. After the step of growing the morel mycelium by covering the soil with the mycelium, if the soil surface becomes infested with the mycelium, the nutrient source is treated to maintain the temperature and humidity, and the mushroom generation is carried out. In the environment of the morel mushroom cultivation facility, the temperature was 10∼20℃, the relative humidity of 60∼95%, and _the CO2 concentration was 1000ppm or less to induce the growth of the morel mushroom fruiting body.

There are two types of house cultivation: a method of growing with plastic and shading nets on the general open land, and a method of using an existing vinyl house. For open-field and house cultivation, after cultivating the cultivated soil to a certain depth with a tractor, the seeds of Examples 1-7 to 1-9 are sown and cultured for a certain period of time. Mushroom generation work while maintaining humidity. The environment of the morel mushroom cultivation facility induced the growth of morel mushroom fruiting bodies while maintaining the growth temperature at 5∼20°C and maintaining the relative humidity of 80∼90% when the mushrooms were generated (see FIGS. 3 and 6).

Morel mushrooms are harvested 7 to 10 days after the mushroom is born, the fruiting body becomes mature and can be harvested. .

<Experimental Example 1> Measurement of mycelial growth amount and mycelium density according to medium mixing ratio

The mycelial growth amount and mycelial density according to the medium mixing ratio of Examples 1-1 to 1-13 were investigated by using the column of FIG. After filling, autoclaving, and inoculating the seeds, the mycelial growth length was measured at regular intervals while culturing in a constant temperature room at 25°C, and the mycelial growth amount was investigated.

As a result, as shown in Table 2 and FIG. 2, mycelial growth was the fastest at 150 mm in the mixing ratio of the medium of Examples 1-7 and the medium of Examples 1-9 after 11 days of culture. The mycelial density according to the medium mixing ratio was the lowest in the mediums of Examples 1-4 and 1-5, and the medium of Examples 1-7 and 1-9, which had rapid mycelial growth, showed high mycelial density. The degree of sclerotia formation was the highest in the media of Examples 1-7 and 1-8, and it was confirmed that the medium of Examples 1-9, Example 1-12, and Example 1-13 also showed moderate sclerotization. did

Mycelium growth and sclerotia formation degree of Morel mushrooms according to medium mixing ratio Example mycelium growth
(mm)/11 days spawn
density* sclerotia
formation* 1-1 50.5 +++ - 1-2 43.4 +++ - 1-3 41.6 ++ - 1-4 28.6 + - 1-5 28.2 + - 1-6 37.0 ++ - 1-7 150.0 +++ +++ 1-8 132.6 +++ +++ 1-9 150.0 +++ ++ 1-10 115.5 +++ + 1-11 61.8 ++ - 1-12 128.0 +++ ++ 1-13 126.5 +++ ++

*Mycelial density and sclerotia formation: +, weak; ++, medium; +++, river

Due to the above results, it was confirmed that the mycelium growth, mycelial density and sclerotia formation of the Morel mushrooms cultured in the medium composition of the present invention were excellent.

<Experimental Example 2> Confirmation of Morel mushroom growth and fruiting body characteristics

As a result of growing morel in box culture (Fig. 4, Table 3), the average weight of the fruiting body was 33.2 g, the length was 133.9 mm, the shoulder length was 73 mm, and the large length was 52.2 mm. In 4), it was confirmed that the average weight was 32.2 g, the length was 132.7 mm, the shoulder length was 63.7 mm, and the main length was 57.0 mm.

Also, as for the macroscopic characteristics of the fruiting body, it was confirmed that the shape of the fruiting body was a sharp oval shape, the color was brown and yellowish brown, and the upper part was round and dark brown. 5, Fig. 7).

Morel Mushroom Box Cultivation Fruiting Body Characteristics

Morel Mushroom Open Field and House Cultivated Fruiting Body Characteristics

Morphological Characteristics of Morel Mushroom Fruiting Body

Therefore, it was confirmed that, when the medium for morel mushroom cultivation according to the present invention was used, the growth efficiency of the morel mushroom fruiting body was excellent regardless of the cultivation method such as open field cultivation, house cultivation, or box cultivation.

So far, with respect to the present invention, the preferred embodiments have been looked at. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in a modified form without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments are to be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the present invention is particularly indicated in the claims rather than the foregoing description, and all differences within an equivalent scope should be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims (3)

Based on 100 parts by weight of oak fermented sawdust;
humus soil 9-48 parts by weight; and
23-63 parts by weight of wheat; A medium composition for artificial cultivation of Morel mushroom fruiting bodies, characterized in that it comprises.
The method of claim 1,
The composition further comprises quicklime, gypsum, KH ₂ PO ₄ and white sugar. Morel mushroom cultivation medium composition.
Inoculating and culturing Morel mushroom in a medium mixed with sawdust and rice bran (step 1);
Inoculating the cultured Morel fungus of Step 1 into the Morel mushroom cultivation medium composition of claim 1 (Step 2);
culturing the inoculated Morel fungus at a culture temperature of 20 to 25° C. and a relative humidity of 60 to 70% for 25 to 30 days to form sclerotia from the Morel fungus (step 3); and
Growing morel mushroom fruiting bodies by inoculating the formed sclerotia into soil of any one of mushroom cultivation environmental conditions of box cultivation, field cultivation, and house cultivation (step 4); A cultivation method of morel mushroom fruiting bodies comprising a.

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