KR20150009988A - 가공성이 우수한 내열·내식성 도금층을 갖는 배관 - Google Patents
가공성이 우수한 내열·내식성 도금층을 갖는 배관 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20150009988A KR20150009988A KR1020147034507A KR20147034507A KR20150009988A KR 20150009988 A KR20150009988 A KR 20150009988A KR 1020147034507 A KR1020147034507 A KR 1020147034507A KR 20147034507 A KR20147034507 A KR 20147034507A KR 20150009988 A KR20150009988 A KR 20150009988A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- plating layer
- alloy plating
- znni alloy
- content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 233
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/38—Chromatising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/04—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/02—Rigid pipes of metal
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012150831A JP6004521B2 (ja) | 2012-07-04 | 2012-07-04 | 加工性に優れた耐熱・耐食性めっき層を有する配管 |
| JPJP-P-2012-150831 | 2012-07-04 | ||
| PCT/JP2013/067670 WO2014007139A1 (ja) | 2012-07-04 | 2013-06-27 | 加工性に優れた耐熱・耐食性めっき層を有する配管 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20150009988A true KR20150009988A (ko) | 2015-01-27 |
Family
ID=49881896
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020147034507A Ceased KR20150009988A (ko) | 2012-07-04 | 2013-06-27 | 가공성이 우수한 내열·내식성 도금층을 갖는 배관 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9611972B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2871263B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6004521B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20150009988A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN104428447B (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR112014033111A2 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX360661B (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2636423C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2014007139A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6713755B2 (ja) | 2015-11-18 | 2020-06-24 | 三桜工業株式会社 | 燃料分配管 |
| CN109256256B (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-06-19 | 烟台首钢磁性材料股份有限公司 | 一种表面电镀锌镍合金的钕铁硼磁体及其制备工艺 |
| EP4182496A1 (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2023-05-24 | Parker Hannifin EMEA S.à.r.l. | Method and system for forming a multilayered zinc alloy coating and metallic article |
| US11566729B2 (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-01-31 | PTubes, Inc. | HVACR pipe |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6233793A (ja) * | 1985-08-05 | 1987-02-13 | Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd | 耐食性重合被覆鋼材 |
| US4885215A (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1989-12-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corp. | Zn-coated stainless steel welded pipe |
| GB2222785B (en) * | 1988-09-17 | 1992-02-12 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kk | Multi-layered pipe coating |
| JP2750710B2 (ja) | 1988-10-29 | 1998-05-13 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | 耐熱・耐食性重層めつき鋼材 |
| JPH042783A (ja) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-01-07 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高耐食性表面処理鋼板 |
| EP0453374B1 (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1995-05-24 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Improved corrosion-resistant surface coated steel sheet |
| US5277228A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1994-01-11 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Limited | Welded pipe with excellent corrosion resistance inner surface |
| BE1005554A3 (fr) * | 1991-12-10 | 1993-10-26 | Bundy Internat Ltd | Procede de fabrication d'un tube a paroi multiple. |
| US5520223A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1996-05-28 | Itt Industries, Inc. | Extruded multiple plastic layer coating bonded to the outer surface of a metal tube having an optical non-reactive inner layer and process for making the same |
| US5590691A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1997-01-07 | Itt Corporation | Extruded multiple plastic layer coating bonded to a metal tube |
| JP3403263B2 (ja) | 1994-11-14 | 2003-05-06 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | 加工性・耐食性の均一性に優れた耐熱・耐食性めっき鋼材 |
| JP3445858B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-29 | 2003-09-08 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | 保護被覆層を有する自動車用金属配管 |
| DE19713203C1 (de) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-11-12 | Nuetro Maschinen & Anlagen | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Oberflächenbehandeln durch Tauchen |
| JP2954555B2 (ja) | 1997-11-06 | 1999-09-27 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | 耐熱・耐食性重層めっき鋼材 |
| JPH11248045A (ja) * | 1998-03-04 | 1999-09-14 | Usui Internatl Ind Co Ltd | 重合鋼管 |
| US6293311B1 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 2001-09-25 | Pmd Holdings Corp. | Multilayer composite pipe fluid conduit system using multilayer composite pipe and method of making the composite |
| US6276400B1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2001-08-21 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Corrosion resistant powder coated metal tube and process for making the same |
| US6976510B2 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2005-12-20 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Corrosion resistant metal tube and process for making the same |
| CN100503889C (zh) * | 2001-09-05 | 2009-06-24 | 臼井国际产业株式会社 | 具有对树脂层的接合性优异的金属层和树脂层的非六价铬系的耐腐蚀包膜 |
| JP2004052093A (ja) * | 2002-07-24 | 2004-02-19 | Sanoh Industrial Co Ltd | 多層めっき自動車燃料配管部品 |
| DE10324321A1 (de) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-23 | Putzmeister Ag | Transportrohr für Dickstoffe |
| US8048285B2 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2011-11-01 | The Boeing Company | Low hydrogen embrittlement zinc/nickel plating for high strength steels |
| PT2290133E (pt) * | 2009-08-25 | 2012-06-19 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Método para a produção de um componente de aço com um revestimento metálico anti-corrosão e um componente de aço |
| JP5392717B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2014-01-22 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | 給油パイプ |
| JP5867927B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-06 | 2016-02-24 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | 燃料蒸気への耐食性に優れたパイプ製造用鋼板、それを用いたパイプ及びパイプの製造方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-07-04 JP JP2012150831A patent/JP6004521B2/ja active Active
-
2013
- 2013-06-27 KR KR1020147034507A patent/KR20150009988A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-06-27 US US14/408,111 patent/US9611972B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-27 BR BR112014033111A patent/BR112014033111A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2013-06-27 MX MX2014015473A patent/MX360661B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2013-06-27 RU RU2015103541A patent/RU2636423C2/ru active
- 2013-06-27 WO PCT/JP2013/067670 patent/WO2014007139A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-06-27 EP EP13812803.8A patent/EP2871263B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-27 CN CN201380035210.8A patent/CN104428447B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2871263A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| BR112014033111A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
| RU2015103541A (ru) | 2016-08-20 |
| RU2636423C2 (ru) | 2017-11-23 |
| MX2014015473A (es) | 2015-03-19 |
| EP2871263B1 (en) | 2021-02-24 |
| JP6004521B2 (ja) | 2016-10-12 |
| US20150144220A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
| WO2014007139A1 (ja) | 2014-01-09 |
| EP2871263A4 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| MX360661B (es) | 2018-11-12 |
| CN104428447B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
| JP2014012873A (ja) | 2014-01-23 |
| CN104428447A (zh) | 2015-03-18 |
| US9611972B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
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