KR20080078889A - 탄화수소의 제조방법 - Google Patents
탄화수소의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20080078889A KR20080078889A KR1020087016895A KR20087016895A KR20080078889A KR 20080078889 A KR20080078889 A KR 20080078889A KR 1020087016895 A KR1020087016895 A KR 1020087016895A KR 20087016895 A KR20087016895 A KR 20087016895A KR 20080078889 A KR20080078889 A KR 20080078889A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- mpa
- fatty acid
- feedstock
- fatty acids
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 31
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006606 decarbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 85
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- -1 unsaturated fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006324 decarbonylation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910003294 NiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical group [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper chromite Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Cu]=O.O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLIACVVOZYBSBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FLIACVVOZYBSBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IUHFWCGCSVTMPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[C] Chemical class [C].[C] IUHFWCGCSVTMPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009904 heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZHUXMBYIONRQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxidodioxidocarbon(.) Chemical compound [O]C(O)=O ZHUXMBYIONRQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- VCLJODPNBNEBKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C VCLJODPNBNEBKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043268 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006576 Kolbe electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- PWGQHOJABIQOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical group [Cu+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O PWGQHOJABIQOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002149 estolides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005480 straight-chain fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G3/45—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals or compounds thereof
- C10G3/46—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten metals or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
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- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G3/48—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used further characterised by the catalyst support
- C10G3/49—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used further characterised by the catalyst support containing crystalline aluminosilicates, e.g. molecular sieves
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- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
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Abstract
Description
특성 | ASTM D6751 | EN 14214 | 단위 | |
15℃에서의 밀도 | 860-900 | kg/m3 | ||
인화점(밀폐 컵) | 130 | ≥120 | ℃ | |
물 및 침전물 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.050 | % | |
역학 점도, 40℃ | 1.9-6.0 | 3.5-5.0 | mm2/s | |
황산화 회(灰) | ≤0.020 | ≤0.020 | 질량% | |
황 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.001 | 질량% | |
세탄수 | ≥47 | ≤51 | ||
탄소 잔류물 | ≥0.050≥51 | 질량% | ||
탄소 잔류물 10% 증류 바닥 | ≤0.3 | 질량% | ||
산가 | ≤0.80 | ≤0.5 | mg KOH/g | |
유리 글리세롤 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.02 | 질량% | |
총 글리세롤 | ≤0.240 | ≤0.25 | 질량% | |
인 함량 | ≤0.001 | ≤0.001 | 질량% |
특성 | 생성물 1 | 생성물 2 | 생성물 3 | 생성물 4 | 생성물 5 | 생성물 6 |
kV40 mm2/s | 2.4 - 4.4 | 2.9 - 3.5 | 4.5 | 3.2 - 4.5 | 2.0 - 4.5 | 1.2 - 4.0 |
흐림점 ℃ | -29 - -42 | -5 - -30 | -5 | 0 - -25 | -10 - -34 | |
인화점 PMcc, ℃ | 67 - 141 | 52 - 65 | ≥55 | |||
저온 필터 플러깅점, ℃ | -31 - -45 | -15 - -19 | ≤ +5 - -20 | ≤ -20 - -44 | ||
IQT 세탄가 | 60 - 93 | 84 - 99 | 51 | 73 - 81 | ≥51 | ≥51 |
황 ppm | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 | < 10 |
15℃에서의 밀도kg/m3 | 799 - 811 | 775 - 785 | 885 | 770 - 785 | 820 - 845 | 800 - 840 |
증류 10% | 195 - 286 | 260 - 270 | 340 | 260 | 180 | |
90% | 301 - 337 | 295 - 300 | 355 | 325 -330 | ||
95% | 312 - 443 | 360 | 340 |
방법 | 분석 | 실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 실시예 3 | 실시예 4 |
ASTM D 4052 | 15℃에서의 밀도, kg/m3 | 811 | 809 | 799 | 800 |
ASTM D2887 | 증류 개시, ℃ | 245 | 219 | 225 | 117 |
5%, ℃ | 277 | 281 | 270 | 170 | |
10%, ℃ | 283 | 286 | 280 | 195 | |
30%, ℃ | 294 | 293 | 294 | 262 | |
50%, ℃ | 300 | 296 | 300 | 271 | |
70%, ℃ | 309 | 310 | 309 | 283 | |
90%, ℃ | 326 | 337 | 323 | 301 | |
95%, ℃ | 362 | 443 | 357 | 312 | |
종결, ℃ | 486 | 507 | 481 | 355 | |
ASTM D445 | kV40, cSt | 4.0 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 2.4 |
n-파라핀 GC 중량% | 6 | 15 | 7 | 11 | |
파라핀계 C IR 중량% | >70 | >70 | 70 | ||
나프텐계 C IR 중량% | 24 | ||||
방향족 C IR 중량% | 14 | 7 | 6 | ||
ASTM D3120 | S, mg/kg | 9 | <1 | ||
ASTM D4629 | N, mg/kg | <1 | <1 | ||
EN 22719 | 인화점 PMcc, ℃ | 141 | 138 | 139 | 67 |
IQT 세탄가 | 93 | 78 | 93 | 60 | |
EN 116 | 저온 필터 플러깅점, ℃ | -39 | -31 | -35 | -45 |
ASTM D5773 D5771 | 흐림점, ℃ | -32 | -29 | -29 | -42 |
IP 391 | 방향족류 %(주로 모노) | 16.1 | 7.8 | 5.8 |
Claims (17)
- 불포화 지방산 또는 C1-C5 알콜과의 불포화 지방산 에스테르 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는 공급원료를 골격 이성질화 단계 후, 탈산소화 단계에 적용함을 특징으로 하는, 분지형 포화 탄화수소의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 공급원료가 불포화 지방산 또는 C1-C5 알콜과의 불포화 지방산 에스테르를 20중량% 이상, 바람직하게는 50중량% 이상 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 공급원료로서 사용되는 불포화 지방산 또는 C1-C5 알콜과의 불포화 지방산 에스테르의 총 탄소수가 8 내지 26, 바람직하게는 12 내지 20임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 공급원료가 생물학적 원료로부터 유래됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 골격 이성질화 단계가 0 내지 5MPa의 압력하에 150 내지 400℃의 온도에서, 바람직하게는 0.1 내지 5MPa의 압력 하에 200 내지 350℃의 온도에서 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 골격 이성질화 단계가 실리코 알루미노 인산염 및 제올라이트로부터, 바람직하게는 포저사이트, 오퍼레타이트, 몬모릴로나이트 및 모데나이트로부터 선택된 산성 촉매의 존재하에 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 총 반응 혼합물을 기준으로 하여 물 또는 C1-C5 알콜 0 내지 8중량%, 바람직하게는 1 내지 3중량%를 공급원료에 가하고, 바람직하게는 공급원료가 지방산을 함유하는 경우에는 물을 가하고 공급원료가 지방산 에스테르를 함유하는 경우에는 알콜을 가함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 골격 이성질화 단계 이후, 예비수소화 단계가 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 예비수소화 단계가 하나 이상의 VIII족 및/또는 VIA족 금속을 함유하는 수소화 촉매의 존재하에 50 내지 400℃의 온도에서 0.1 내지 20MPa의 수소압하에, 바람직하게는 150 내지 250℃ 및 1 내지 10MPa에서 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 공급원료가 지방산 에스테르를 포함하는 경우, 예비수소화 단계가 금속 촉매, 바람직하게는 구리-크로마이트 촉매 또는 크롬, 철 또는 로듐 활성화된 니켈 촉매의 존재하에 25 내지 30MPa의 수소압하에 200 내지 230℃의 온도에서 수행됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 골격 이성질화 및 임의의 예비수소화 단계로부터 수득된 생성물이 탈카복실화/탈카보닐화 또는 수소화탈산소화에 의해 수행되는 탈산소화 단계에 적용됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 탈카복실화 및/또는 탈카보닐화에서, 생성물 및 임의로 용매 또는 용매들의 혼합물을 주기율표의 VIII족 및/또는 VIA족 금속을 하나 이상 함유하는 지지된 촉매로부터 선택된 불균질 탈카복실화/탈카보닐화 촉매와 100 내지 400℃, 바람직하게는 250 내지 350℃의 온도에서 대기압 내지 20MPa, 바람직하게는 0.1 내지 5MPa의 불활성 기체/수소 혼합물의 압력하에서 접촉시킴을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 불균질 탈카복실화 및/또는 탈카보닐화 촉매가 탄소 상의 Pd 또는 알루미나 상의 황화 NiMo임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 수소화탈산소화에서, 생성물 및 임의로 용매 또는 용매들의 혼합물을 주기율표의 VIII족 및/또는 VIA족으로부터의 금속을 함유하는 수소화 촉매와 1 내지 20MPa 사이, 바람직하게는 2 내지 10MPa 사이의 압력하에 200 내지 500℃ 사이, 바람직하게는 250 내지 350℃ 사이의 온도에서 접촉시킴을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 수소화탈산소화 촉매가 지지된 Pd, Pt, Ni, NiMo 또는 CoMo 촉매이고, 지지체가 알루미나 및/또는 실리카, 바람직하게는 NiMo/Al2O3 또는 CoMo/Al2O3임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 제15항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 탈카복실화/탈카보닐화 및/또는 수소화탈산소화 단계에서, 용매가 탄화수소, 바람직하게는 파라핀, 이소파리핀, 나프텐, 비등 범위가 150 내지 350℃인 방향족 탄화수소, 및 탄화수소 함유 재순환 공정 스트림, 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제16항 중의 어느 한 항에 따르는 방법으로 수득 가능한 생성물.
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KR20100102050A (ko) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-20 | 아이에프피 | 니켈 및 몰리브덴에 기초한 촉매를 사용하며, 탈카르복실화 전환이 제한되는, 재생 가능한 공급원으로부터 유래하는 공급물의 수소화탈산소화 방법 |
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HUE056210T2 (hu) * | 2006-06-09 | 2022-02-28 | Albemarle Netherlands Bv | Oxigenát nyersanyag katalitikus hidrodeoxigénezése |
US8067653B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2011-11-29 | The Governors Of The University Of Alberta | Methods for producing fuels and solvents |
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KR20100102050A (ko) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-20 | 아이에프피 | 니켈 및 몰리브덴에 기초한 촉매를 사용하며, 탈카르복실화 전환이 제한되는, 재생 가능한 공급원으로부터 유래하는 공급물의 수소화탈산소화 방법 |
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WO2007068798A2 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
RU2394872C2 (ru) | 2010-07-20 |
PL1795576T3 (pl) | 2014-10-31 |
RU2008128480A (ru) | 2010-01-20 |
EP1795576A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
JP2009518533A (ja) | 2009-05-07 |
CA2631879A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
WO2007068798A3 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
ES2491871T3 (es) | 2014-09-08 |
CN101331210A (zh) | 2008-12-24 |
KR101016643B1 (ko) | 2011-02-25 |
JP4944125B2 (ja) | 2012-05-30 |
BRPI0619737B1 (pt) | 2016-06-21 |
MY141968A (en) | 2010-08-16 |
BRPI0619737A2 (pt) | 2011-10-11 |
HK1128038A1 (en) | 2009-10-16 |
CN101331210B (zh) | 2012-10-31 |
CA2631879C (en) | 2013-07-02 |
EP1795576B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
DK1795576T3 (da) | 2014-07-14 |
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