KR20070039114A - The use of medicinal plants and extracts thereof for the well-being of animals in veterinary medicine and zootechnics - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of aerial parts and extracts thereof, in particular Portulaca oleracea , of the Portulaca genus plant for the production of growth promoters for livestock.

Pursula (Portulaca genus), Purslane (Portulaca oleracea), growth promoters

Description

USE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND EXTRACTS THEREOF FOR THE WELL-BEING OF ANIMALS IN VETERINARY MEDICINE AND ZOOTECHNICS}

The present invention relates to the use of extracts of the plant of the genus Portulaca genus, in particular the aerial parts of the species of purslane ( Portulaca oleracea ), for the production of growth promoters for livestock.

Bacterial antibiotic resistance is one of the increasing problems that adversely affect public health, including the veterinary field.

The use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine is usually the same or strictly related to that used in human medicine, and sub-therapeutical doses such as growth promoters and mass metaphylactic agents Habits established to use antibiotics are a major cause of the proliferation of antibiotic resistance obtained by a number of bacterial species that are often the same pathological cause in livestock and humans. The presence of antibiotic residues in meat and, indirectly, the selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria can carry the pathogenic bacteria's resistance genes to humans and can be dangerous to human health.

About 25% of the total antibiotic production will be for livestock, 90% of which will be used as sub-therapeutical doses to promote growth as well as to prevent disease. Antimicrobials have been added to feed in livestock and have been used extensively since the 50s to increase production performance. In pig breeding, for example, the piglet's reason is that the mixing of different groups of animals, such as pain associated with transfer, is the most sensitive stage, and changes in feed are the intestinal microflora of animals, making them more susceptible to infection. (microbial flora) causes alterations. The use of antibiotics to prevent endemic diseases that occur during weaning consists of the generalized use of antibiotics in feed for a time that can be extended to 70-80 days old animals.

As a result of the antibiotic-resistant crisis, the European Union has followed a limited approach involving the use of antibiotics as feed and water growth promoters, antimicrobial prophylaxis, multi-treatment, and bulk dosing. In particular, the European Union (EU) is withdrawing all rights to engage in the use of antibiotics as growth promoters by 2006. However, the prohibition of the use of antibiotics as growth promoters and prophylactic agents will entail deterioration of the health of animals with diarrhoea, weight loss, and increased mortality.

Other approaches exist for the use of antibiotics to reduce the dependence of animal husbandry, and more particularly pig breeding: one option is to act through bacterial control, thereby improving the intrinsic responsiveness of animals. As with the optimization of performance, the development of alternatives aimed at improving health. The mandatory characteristics for such an alternative solution are safe to use for producers and inexpensive, and therefore advantageous to the consumer.

Purslane ( Portulaca ) is an annual herbaceous plant that exists in all temperatures and warm areas.

The aerial parts of the Portulaca genus plant are: Traditional Chinese medicine that inhibits bleeding of various causes (hemorrhoids, uterus), and cures erosions, eczema, snakes, or insect bites, or aqueous or water-ethanol ) Has been used for many years in the form of extracts.

Administration of Portulaca genus plants, in particular plant parts of Portulaca oleracea , in particular ground aerial parts or aerial parts, can be applied to livestock with at least the same amount of activity as growth-promoting antibiotics. It turned out to be rain.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a composition of a suitable carrier or feed of Portulaca oleracea in (Portulaca), in particular Portulaca oleracea ground aerial parts or the number consisting of the extract of the aerial parts with the active ingredient or livestock use of (Portulaca oleracea) mixture to supplement the form of water.

The mentioned compositions promote the growth of livestock, in particular swine, bovine, ovine, equine, more preferably pigs, without causing the drawbacks and side effects of growth-promoting antibiotics. It proved valid.

Dosage will depend on a number of factors such as the species, size, weight and age of the animal. In principle, typical dosages will range from 0.1-10 g of extract / floor per animal / day.

The extracts usable according to the invention can be prepared by a process consisting of repeated extraction of the ground portion of Purslane ( Portulaca oleracea ) with a solvent, preferably at room temperature. The solvent was preferably used an extraction method consisting of a hydro-alcoholic ethanol / water 1: 1 mixture. The obtained extracts are combined and concentrated under reduced pressure.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in detail.

Example  1: Purslane for livestock Portulaca oleracea Aerial parts extract

Preparation of Extract

1000 g of dried ground ground portion of purslane ( Portulaca oleracea ) was placed in a percolator. The material was covered with the mixture ethanol / water mixture 1: 1 v / v and left at room temperature (RT) for 3 hours. The solvent was then leached and the material covered with an additional amount of ethanol / water mixture 1: 1 v / v. The procedure was repeated six times using a total amount of solvent of about 7700 ml. Six percolates were filtered, collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a dark, hygroscopic, grindable solid (241 g, yield 24.1% w / w).

Example  2: in vivo experiment

The experiment was carried out with 120 piglets divided into four groups of 30 animals each.

Group 1 (control) was treated with standard feed without additives. Group 2 (antibiotic) was treated with a diet containing a drug containing 2 g of apramycin and 1 g of colistin per kg of feed. Group 3 was treated with standard feed supplemented with 2 g / kg of Portulaca extract. Group 4 was treated with standard feed supplemented with 5 g / kg finely ground ground roots from Portulaca .

All animals were treated during weaning from 22 to 41 days.

Animal well-being was assessed by increasing total weight, daily intake of feed and percentage of diarrhea animals. From day 41, faeces samples were microbiologically analyzed for total mesophyte charge, total coliform and counts of Lactobacilli bacteria. All parameters were evaluated by standard methods known to those skilled in the field.

The results reported in the following tables indicate that addition to standard feed of Portulaca in the form of water-ethanol extracts, as well as finely ground parts, has no antibiotic activity in vitro, although It has been proven that it can be a beneficial replacement for antibiotic growth promoters in weaning foods.

Table 1. Pig weight and mean weight increase (MWI) for 41 days.

 process Piglet Weight (kg) 22 days 41 days  MWI  Control  7.02 ± 1.2 10.25 ± 1.5  3.22  Antibiotic  7.43 ± 1.3 12.21 ± 1.6  4.78 Portulaca aerial parts  7.12 ± 1.1 11.33 ± 1.4  4.21 Portulaca water-ethanol extract  7.30 ± 1.2 11.79 ± 1.3  4.49

Table 2. Average Daily Intake: Total daily feed intake expressed in kg between 22 and 41 days of treatment.

 process  kg  Control  0.22  Antibiotic  0.37 Portulaca aerial parts  0.33 Portulaca water-ethanol extract  0.35

Table 3. Effect of treatment on diarrhea in various treated groups.

 process  % Of diarrhea animals  Control  60  Antibiotic  10 Portulaca aerial parts  30 Portulaca water-ethanol extract  20

Table 4. Effect of administration of test substance on different bacterial populations (log Ufc / g) of fecal samples taken on day 41.

 process  E.Coli  CBT  Lactobacilli  Antibiotic  6.41  6.47  5.38  Control  8.05  7.55  6.93 Portulaca aerial parts  6.93  6.99  6.91 Portulaca water-ethanol extract  6.50  6.73  6.90

Claims (7)

Use of a portion or extract of Portulaca genus plant for the preparation of a growth promoter in a feed. The use according to claim 1, wherein the plant of the genus Portulaca genus is Portulaca oleracea . The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the part of Portulaca is aerial parts. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract is an aerial parts hydro-alcoholic extract. Veterinary or animal husbandry composition consisting of a suitable carrier and a portion or extract of the plant of the genus Portulaca genus in a mixture. The composition of claim 5 consisting of aerial parts or extracts idro-alcholic of Portulaca oleracea aerial parts. Feed added with extracts of aerial parts or aerial parts of the plant of the genus Portulaca genus, especially Portulaca oleracea .