JP2583382B2 - Livestock and poultry feed containing purslane - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feed for livestock and poultry containing purslane, and more particularly to a feed capable of enhancing the immune function and increasing body weight of livestock poultry.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, the functions of immune organs and immune functions are weak during the infancy of domestic animals and poultry, and the immune system is in a so-called immunodeficiency state. Infections easily occur. For this reason, antibiotics and antibacterial agents such as sulfa drugs have been given, but it has been quite difficult to suppress the occurrence of disease. Moreover, these antibacterial agents have a problem that they remain in livestock products and that drug-resistant bacteria emerge. Other than antibacterial agents, live bacteria agents have been developed as agents for preventing and treating white and diarrhea in livestock and poultry. On the other hand, prevention and treatment of livestock and poultry for diarrhea and diarrhea in livestock and poultry has been proposed, which uses an enzyme digest of the cell wall of Bifidobacterium thermophilum, which is said to be a useful microorganism in livestock, as an active ingredient. Is reported to be a peptidoglycan. The mechanism of action is considered to enhance the ability of domestic animals to defend against infection, and therefore, the mechanism of action is completely different from that of conventional biocides.

[0003] When α-tocopherol (vitamin E) or mushroom basidiomycete (alone) is added to animal feed, the humoral immune antibodies of the animal are increased, and the phagocytic activity of leukocytes is increased. It is known that the immunity of the animal increases.

[0004]

However, Bifidobacterium thermophilum is an obligately anaerobic bacterium, and cultivation of bacterial cells as a culture medium requires anaerobic operation and is complicated. There is a problem that an expensive raw material is required, the sample yield is low, and the cost is high.
And those utilizing the above-mentioned probiotic agents, few of which still have excellent stability as probiotic agents, have a slow effect because the effect mechanism is to eliminate harmful bacteria by antagonizing harmful bacteria. It is. Further, in the case of a feed to which α-tocopherol is added, there is a problem that the growth effect is slow, and when the mushroom basidiomycete is added to the feed alone, there is a problem that the cost is high.

Accordingly, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result of studies, it has been found that purslane or a mixture of purslane and edible mushrooms is good for prevention of diseases such as diarrhea of livestock poultry, and Based on this, the present invention has been achieved with the result that good weight gain can be achieved.

That is, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by utilizing the results of the present inventor, and to prevent diseases such as diarrhea of livestock and poultry, and to increase weight. And to provide a feed for livestock and poultry comprising an effective ingredient which is less expensive than conventional ones.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the feed according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized by containing purslane. The feed according to the second aspect of the present invention for attaining the above object is characterized in that it contains at least one kind selected from genus Basidiomycetes of edible mushrooms and purslane.

[0008] Purslane and basidiomycetes can be blended and mixed with feed for livestock and poultry, that is, their basic feed to form a prescribed feed. The basic feed for livestock and poultry can be used. The livestock is mainly cattle, sheep and pigs, and the poultry is mainly chickens and quail.

[0009] The purslane (also known as Ihaizul or Tonbogusa) is the scientific name of the genus Purslane, Portula
Ca oleracea L. is an annual flowering plant with fleshy, reddish-brown stalks. It is widely distributed in fields and roadside sunny places, and is easily available. The true basidiomycetes of the edible mushrooms include agaricaceae, oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, bunashimeji, matsutake, enokitake, agaricaceae mushrooms, himematsutake, moetake mushrooms, and amanita mushrooms of the amanita family; There is maitake, and there are raw fruit body and dried fruit body, but dry powder body is easy to handle. The raw fruiting body is desirably a powder that has been dried and crushed with hot air at 60 ° C. for 10 hours or more.

[0010] The mixing ratio of the feed can be variously changed depending on the type and age of the target livestock and poultry, the combination of each raw material, and the components of each raw material. The amount of pure basidiomycetes of purslane and / or edible mushrooms is based on 100 wt% (hereinafter simply abbreviated as%) of basal feed (combination of basic components of feed), and (a) 0.01 to 0. 20
% Or (ii) basidiomycete 0.01 to 0.20%
And it is desirable to be 0.01 to 0.20%. In the above (a) and (b), when the amount of purslane and basidiomycetes is less than 0.01, there is no effect.
When it is more than 20%, there is no further increase in the effect. The addition and mixing of purslane and basidiomycetes can be carried out by ordinary known means.

[0011]

[Action] Although the details of the action of purslane and basidiomycete are not clear yet, it is considered as follows. The components of purslane, especially ethanol extract, have a remarkable antibacterial action against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Shigella,
Has a diuretic effect. Mushrooms include β 1-3 glucan and the like. β 1-3 glucan is a polysaccharide (such as hemicellulose) present on the surface of fungal cells, and is known to have various biological physiological activities on humans and animals. This activity has an antitumor effect. Edible mushrooms contain 40-55% hemicellulose, a dietary fiber mainly composed of cellulose, and the effect helps the growth of useful bacteria in the intestine. Suppress the growth of harmful bacteria. As a result, intestinal peristalsis is stimulated to promote defecation. In addition, production of intestinal harmful substances is suppressed. In the case of a purslane or a feed containing the purslane and the above-described basidiomycete, the condition of livestock and poultry droppings is good.

[0012]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. Example 1 A 28-day-old piglet was divided into a control plot, a test plot, and a reference plot.
They were bred for 21 days as 6 wards. The control group was fed a basic feed for suckling piglets as shown in Table 1. In the test group, a feed prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of the control feed (hereinafter simply abbreviated as "parts") with 0.1 part of dried purslane was used. 1 part and 100 parts of a control feed were used in a mixture in which 0.01 part of α-tocopherol and 0.01 part of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) were uniformly mixed. Food was given ad libitum and water was available ad libitum.

[0013] The vitamin in the basal feed was 15 to 15 kg / kg of basal feed with α-tocopherol (vitamin E) as a usual necessary amount.
２０20 mg, and no vitamin C. Hereinafter, the same applies to the basic feeds in Tables 7 and 10.

[0014]

The results of rearing in each section are as shown in Table 3. In addition, in Table 3, "the state of feces" was represented as follows. 0 ... hard 1 ... loose stool 2 ... diarrhea Feces were performed individually for 3 days at the start of the test, 14 days after the test, and 28 days after the test.

[0016]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 3, the pigs fed the feed in the reference plot had improved feces status, and the gain in the Shiitake, Maitake and Purslane plots was better than in the control plot. Was.

Next, 0.2 ml of chicken erythrocytes were injected intraperitoneally into piglets, and blood was collected after a certain day, and the antibody titer was measured by hemagglutination. The first injection of red blood cells into piglets was 28 days old and the second was 42 days old. The antibody titers of the piglets were as shown in Table 4.

[0019]

[Table 4]

As is clear from Table 4, the pigs fed the feeds of the test group and the control group had the second antibody titer higher than that of the control group, and the antibody-producing ability was higher than that of the control group.

Example 2 A 28-day-old piglet was divided into a control group and a test group and bred for 21 days with 6 pigs per group. The control group was fed a basic feed for growing piglets in the lactating period. In the test group, 0.05 parts of dried shiitake mushroom and 0.05 parts of dried purslane were added to 100 parts of the control feed, 0.1 part of dried shiitake mushroom and 0.1 parts of the dried salmon were added to 100 parts of the control feed, and 100 parts of the control feed were dried A feed was used in which 0.2 part of shiitake mushroom and 0.2 part of dried purslane were uniformly mixed. Feed was given ad libitum and water was available ad libitum. The “feces state” was expressed in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. Rearing results were as shown in Table 5.

[0022]

[Table 5]

As is evident from Table 5, the pigs fed the feed mixed and added with Shiitake mushroom and purslane improved the feces condition, and gained weight in the 0.1% group where both the purslane and Shiitake mushrooms were mixed. Was better than the control.

Next, 0.2 ml of chicken erythrocyte was injected into the abdominal cavity of piglets, and blood was collected after a certain day, and the antibody titer was measured by hemagglutination. The first injection of red blood cells into piglets was 28 days old and the second was 42 days old. The antibody titers of the piglets were as shown in Table 6.

[0025]

As is clear from Table 6, the pigs fed the diet mixed with shiitake mushroom and purslane in the test plot had a second antibody titer higher than that in the control plot, and the antibody production ability was lower than that in the control plot. It has risen compared to.

Example 3 100 brouna chicks aged 28 days were divided into a control group, a test group and a reference group, and bred for 28 days as 20 birds per group.
The control group was fed a basal feed for the late stage of broiler fattening shown in Table 7.

[0028]

In the test plot, a feed prepared by mixing 1000 parts of a control feed with 1 part of dried purslane, a feed prepared by mixing 1000 parts of a control feed with 0.5 parts of dried shiitake mushroom and 0.5 parts of dried purslane, For the mixture, 1 part of dried shiitake mushroom and 1 part of dried purslane were used. For the reference group, a feed obtained by mixing 1 part of dried shiitake mushroom with 1000 parts of the control feed was used. Feed was given ad libitum and water was available ad libitum.

The rearing results were as shown in Table 8. The fecal water content was determined at the start of the test, 14 days after the test,
Three days after the day, the whole amount of the day was uniformly mixed and partly measured.

[0031]

[Table 8]

As is clear from Table 8, the broiler fed the feed in the reference plot or the test plot had improved feces condition, and the gain in the test plot was better than that in the control plot.

Next, 0.2 ml of bovine erythrocyte was injected per chick into the wing vein of a broiler chick, blood was collected after a certain day, and the antibody titer was measured by hemagglutination. The first red blood cell injection into broiler chicks was performed on the 29th day and the second was performed on the 43rd day. The antibody titers of broiler chicks were as shown in Table 9.

[0034]

[Table 9]

As is clear from Table 9, the broilers in the reference plot and the test plot fed with feed supplemented with purslane alone or as a mixture of both had a high antibody titer, and the antibody-producing ability was higher than that of the control. Lasted.

Example 4 180 layer chicks aged 28 days were divided into a control group, a test group and a reference group, and were bred for 28 days as 20 birds per group. The control group was fed with a basal feed for breeding as shown in Table 10.

[0037]

In the test group, a feed obtained by mixing 1000 parts of a control feed with 1 part of dried purslane was used.
A feed was used in which 000 parts were uniformly mixed with 1 part of each of the products shown in Table 11 and 0.1 part of α-tocopherol. Feed was given ad libitum and water was available ad libitum.

[0039]

The breeding results in each section were as shown in Table 12. The fecal water content was at the beginning of the test, 14 days after the test,
For 3 days after the day, the total amount of feces per day was uniformly mixed and a part was measured.

[0041]

[Table 12]

As is clear from Table 12, the test group did not reach the respective basidiomycetes such as shiitake mushrooms, but the weight gain was equivalent to that of the tocopherol group. Although the fecal condition of the test plot was not as high as that of each of the basidiomycetes plots, it was almost the same as that of the tocopherol plot, and it was recognized that it was almost good.

Next, 0.2 ml of bovine erythrocyte was injected into the subwing of the layer chick, and blood was collected after a certain day, and the antibody titer was measured by hemagglutination. The first injection to layer chicks was 28 days old and the second was 42 days old. The antibody titers of layer chicks were as shown in Table 13.

[0044]

[Table 13]

As is clear from Table 13, the antibody titers of the layer chicks fed the diets in the test group and the reference group continued to be higher than those in the control group, and the antibody producing ability of these chicks increased.

[0046]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the feed containing the purslane is contained, when fed to livestock poultry, the occurrence of diarrhea, loose stool and other diseases of livestock poultry is reduced as compared with the feed not containing the purslane. It shows a high preventive effect on livestock, promotes the growth of livestock and poultry, and can increase weight. Since the invention of claim 2 is a feed containing at least one species selected from the genus Basidiomycetes of edible mushrooms and purslane, the livestock and poultry are exactly the same as the invention of claim 1 described above. It has a high protective effect against diarrhea, loose stool and other diseases, promotes the growth of livestock poultry, and can increase weight. The feed of the invention of claim 1 and claim 2 is mainly a feed for livestock or poultry, and a small amount of purslane or a pure basidiomycete of purslane and edible mushrooms is mixed with the feed. No worries, high preference for livestock and poultry, and for livestock and poultry,
In addition, it is safe for humans who eat and drink animal meat, eggs, milk, etc., and can be conveniently given to livestock and poultry even during the drug holidays. The feeds of the first and second aspects of the present invention have the advantage that the effect of weight gain appears earlier than that of the feed to which tocopherol is added. In addition, since each feed of claims 1 and 2 is obtained by mixing a purslane or a purslane and an edible mushroom genus basidiomycetes, which are extremely commonly available as active ingredients,
The active ingredient is inexpensive, and the addition of the active ingredient does not increase the cost of the feed, but can make the feed cheap.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A feed for livestock and poultry, comprising purslane. 2. A feed for livestock and poultry, characterized by containing at least one member selected from genus Basidiomycetes of edible mushrooms and purslane.