KR20040048923A - Enhanced formulations for neutralization of chemical, biological and industrial toxants - Google Patents

Abstract

Improved compositions for neutralizing the adverse effects on the health of chemical compounds and biological compounds, in particular chemical waarfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) formulations and toxic industrial chemicals, and methods for their preparation . The improved compositions according to the invention are non-toxic and non-corrosive and are deliverable in a variety of states, by various means. The compositions of the present invention comprise at least one solubilizing compound that plays an effective role in making chemical and biological substances, particularly CW and BW compounds susceptible, and reactive compounds that serve to attack (and detoxify and neutralize) the compound. to provide. The composition of the present invention comprises at least one solubilizer, reactive compound and bleach activator and water.

Description

ENHANCED FORMULATIONS FOR NEUTRALIZATION OF CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL TOXANTS

Field of Invention (Technology):

The present invention relates to compositions for neutralizing chemical, biological and industrial toxants.

background:

The present invention relates to substances for neutralizing toxic chemical, biological and industrial compounds or agents, in particular chemical warfare and biological warfare preparations, methods for neutralizing the same and methods for preparing the same. In particular, the present invention provides solubilizing compounds that can be delivered as foams, sprays, liquids, fogs and aerosols to improve the reaction rate to neutralize chemical compounds. A substance containing solubilizing compounds, reactive compounds and bleaching activators, and other additives capable of neutralizing or attenuating certain biological compounds or agents.

Potential threats from terrorists related to weapons of mass destruction are increasing not only in the United States but also in other countries. The use of chemical and biological agents in the context of weapons of mass destruction and the threat of using them are of great concern not only for national and regional law enforcement, but also for national security.

Certain chemical warfare ("CW") formulations known to be used to intimidate terrorists share chemical characteristics that provide opportunities to develop countermeasures. Chemical agents such as sarin, cattle, and saliva (G-agents) can all lose their toxicity when chemically modified as a representative example of a phosphorus-containing compound. Mustard, an example of an H-formulation, and VX, an example of a V-formulation, are also poisonous when chemically modified. In addition, some of the known BW agents include botulinum toxin, anthrax and other spore-forming bacteria, nutrients including plaques, and various viruses, which can also be chemically inactivated.

A CW or biological warfare ("BW") attack may be by locally spraying or extensively sanding the agent or various agents to affect people. Due to the flexible placement of CW and BW ("CBW") formulations, subjects may encounter these formulations in a variety of physical conditions, including bulk, aerosol and vapor.

Domestic terrorist attacks require effective, rapid and safe (non-toxic and non-corrosive) decontamination techniques for the restoration of civilian facilities. Ideally, this technique should be applicable to a variety of scenarios such as decontamination of sensitive devices, as well as open, semi-closed, and closed facilities. Examples of facilities in which decontamination compositions can be used include playgrounds (open), subway stations (semi-closed) and airport terminals or office buildings (closed). In order to extend the contact time of the composition to the vertical plane, a foaming version is useful.

Decontamination of chemical compounds has mainly been concentrated on chemical warfare agents, in particular neurologic agents (such as G and V agents) and blistering agents (such as mustard gases, or simply mustards). Reactions involved in detoxification of chemical agents can be roughly divided into substitution reactions and oxidation reactions. Decontamination of biological agents is mainly concentrated on bacterial spores (such as anthrax) which are considered the most difficult to kill among all microorganisms. Another background art is discussed in US patent applications 09 / 607,586 and 09.952,940.

There is also a need for rapid, safe and effective neutralization of toxic industrial chemicals such as malathion, hydrogen cyanide, sodium cyanide, butyl isocyanate, carbon disulfide and phosgene gas.

US patent application 09 / 607,586 generally relates to an aqueous-based decontamination technique (“DF-100”) that rapidly neutralizes chemical and biological warfare (“CBW”) formulations. Its composition is:

Effective in neutralizing both chemical and biological preparations;

Harmless to the environment (ie non-toxic and non-corrosive);

Works well on various expected material surfaces;

• can be integrated into a wide range of carriers (eg blowing agents, liquid sprays, fog agents), meeting a wide range of mission objectives.

The primary beneficiaries of the use of these technologies are civilian first responders (e.g. fire departments, police departments, and HazMat units who will first arrive on site in the event of a CBW formulation attack), followed by compositions for facility recovery. Those who use it. However, the DF-100 has technical problems that cannot be optimal for use by sensitive primary responders. These technical problems are as follows: (1) The pH of the DF-100 must be adjusted to optimally purify each specific chemical and biological agent. In other words, different compositions may be required to neutralize each particular agent. Adjusting the pH of the composition in the laboratory is relatively simple, but difficult on site and generally not suitable for primary users of the technology (ie civilian primary responders). (2) The reaction rate for certain chemical agents, ie mustards, is slower than for other chemical agents.

Due to these technical problems, the efficiency in practical use of the DF-100 is limited. U.S. Patent Application 09 / 952,940 describes its modified composition, DF-100A, which addresses the need for adjusting the pH for each particular formulation (ie, the first technical problem mentioned above). However, although DF-100A has improved with regard to the performance of the composition at one pH, it does not completely solve this problem and does not even mention the second technical problem (ie, relatively slow reactivity to mustard). have. In addition, several versions of DF-100 / 100A may utilize short chain alcohols (eg, isobutanol, isopropanol) which may cause fire problems if the composition is packaged in concentrated form. In addition, some versions of the DF-100 / 100A utilize diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGMBE), which can cause false alarms on some chemical agent sensors and detectors (especially older sensors used in some military settings). Can be.

For comparison, the following illustrates the preferred composition of DF-100:

DF-100

2.6% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

3.3% Adogen 477 (cationic hydrotrope)

0.8% 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.5% isobutanol (short chain alcohol)

1.6% isopropanol (short chain alcohol)

0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic polymer)

1.6% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (solvent)

4% sodium bicarbonate (buffers and peroxide activators)

4% hydrogen peroxide (liquid oxidizer)

75% water

This composition can be adjusted to pH 8 for optimal decontamination of mustard and anthrax spores; For optimal decontamination of the VX it is adjustable to pH 10.5. Decontamination of chemical agents is generally effective if they are between pH 8 and 10. For further comparison, the following illustrates the preferred composition of DF-100A:

DF-100A

5.3% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

2.8% Adogen 477 (cationic hydrotrope)

0.65% 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.6% isobutanol (short chain alcohol)

0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic polymer)

1.35% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (solvent)

4% Potassium Bicarbonate (Buffer and Peroxide Activator)

4% hydrogen peroxide (liquid oxidizer)

81% water

This composition can be adjusted to pH 8 for optimal decontamination of mustard and anthrax spores; For optimal decontamination of the VX it is adjustable to pH 10.5. Decontamination of chemical agents is generally effective if they are between pH 8 and 10. The pH can be adjusted to 9.2 for less decontamination of all formulations.

In both examples above for DF-100 and DF-100A, hydrogen peroxide and bicarbonate salt react to produce hydroperoxycarbonate (HCO ₄ ⁻ ), a highly reactive negatively charged nucleophilic compound and a powerful oxidant do. Other negatively charged nucleophiles, including hydroxyl ions (OH ⁻ ) and hydroperoxide ions (OOH ⁻ ), are formed by the use of hydrogen peroxide. The function of the other components in these compositions is described in detail in US patent applications 09 / 607,586 and 09 / 952,940.

The present invention provides an improved decontamination composition (generally referred to as "DF-200") comprising a bleach activator, leading to faster reaction kinetics, improved performance, and eliminating the need for pH adjustment. Although bleach activators are commonly used as (anionic) detergents, they can be used in the present invention with cationic surfactants, where the good solubility of the activator in water is useful for shortening the reaction time. Desired bleach activators for use in the present invention are preferably water soluble, non-toxic, flame retardant and inexpensive.

Glucose pentaacetate is an O-acetyl peroxide activator that has been used as an activator in sterile compositions comprising cationic surfactants and inorganic peroxides (named "Sterilizing Composition for Cattle Shed" (1987)). See Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-155203. Glucose pentaacetate is solid at room temperature (ie, 110 degrees Celsius melting point), but insoluble in water. In aqueous solutions containing peroxides, it dissolves very slowly as it reacts with peroxides. A glucose pentaacetate concentration of about 2% takes several hours to dissolve. This makes them unusable in this field where fast batch configuration is required.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention includes, as a composition for use in neutralizing at least one toxant, at least two solubilizing compounds, wherein at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic surfactant and at least one solubilizing compound is cationic Hydrotrope; At least one reactive compound, wherein at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and sodium Selected from percarbonates; And at least one bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators; Wherein at least two solubilizing compounds, at least one reactive compound and at least one bleach activator are mixed with water to neutralize at least one toxant when exposed to at least one toxant. In a preferred embodiment, the cationic surfactant contains quaternary ammonium salts, most preferably cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, or WITCO VARIQUAT 80MC ^™ , or a combination thereof. The composition also contains a water-soluble polymer, preferably polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum (cationic or nonionic) polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, poly (ethylene oxide ), Glycerol, polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000), or JAGUAR 8000 ^™ (Guar Gum 2-hydroxypropyl ether) or combinations thereof. The compositions also contain fatty alcohols containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, solvents (preferably di (propylene glycol) methyl ether or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or combinations thereof), and / or carbonate salts (preferably Potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, or potassium carbonate, or combinations thereof). The bleach activator is preferably water soluble, most preferably acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol Monomethyl ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate or combinations thereof. On the other hand, the bleach activator may be water-insoluble, preferably tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), or N-acetyl glucosamine or combinations thereof. When the composition is mixed with water, the pH is preferably about 9.6 to about 9.7. One embodiment of the present invention comprises 1-10% benzalkonium chloride, 1-8% propylene glycol diacetate; 1-16% hydrogen peroxide; And 2-8% potassium bicarbonate.

The present invention also relates to a composition for neutralizing at least one toxant, comprising: at least one cationic surfactant; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, and At least one reactive compound selected from sodium percarbonate; At least one bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators; And at least one carbonate salt that is not one of the at least one reactive compound; Wherein at least one surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator and at least one carbonate salt is mixed with water and exposed to at least one toxant, the at least one toxant Neutralize In a preferred embodiment, the composition, when mixed with water, has a pH value of about 9,6 to about 9.8 and the cationic surfactant contains quaternary ammonium salts, most preferably benzalkonium chloride. The at least one carbonate salt is preferably potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate or potassium carbonate or combinations thereof. One embodiment actually consists of at least one cationic surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator and at least one carbonate salt. The bleach activator is preferably water soluble, most preferably acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl Ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glyceryl diacetate, glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate or propylene glycol diacetate or combinations thereof.

The invention also relates to a composition for use in neutralizing at least one toxant, which comprises: at least one cationic surfactant; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, and Selected from sodium percarbonate; And at least one water-soluble bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators; Wherein at least one surfactant, at least one reactive compound, and at least one water soluble bleach activator are combined with water to expose at least one toxant when exposed to at least one toxant. Neutralize In a preferred embodiment, the at least one water soluble bleach activator is acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyadobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl Ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate or combinations thereof. The cationic surfactant is preferably a quaternary ammonium salt, most preferably benzalkonium chloride. The composition is preferably at least one carbonate salt, most preferably potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, or potassium carbonate or It is good to contain the combination. The composition has a pH value of about 9.6 to about 9.8 when mixed with water. One embodiment actually consists of at least one cationic surfactant, at least one reactive compound and at least one water soluble bleach activator.

The invention also relates to a composition for use in neutralizing at least one toxant, comprising: at least one selected from cationic hydrotropes and fatty alcohols containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule Solubilizing compounds; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, and Selected from sodium percarbonate; And at least one bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators; Wherein at least one solubilizing compound, at least one reactive compound, and at least one bleach activator are mixed with water to neutralize at least one toxant when exposed to at least one toxant.

The invention also relates to the above compositions packaged as a kit. In a first embodiment, the kit comprises: a premixed component comprising at least two solubilizers; A first component comprising at least one bleach activator; And at least one reactive compound. The first embodiment may also further comprise water and a base, wherein the premixed component may additionally contain a water soluble polymer, the at least one bleach activator being propylene glycol diacetate, glycerol diacetate and And / or TAED, the premixed component may additionally contain fatty alcohols containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, and the at least one reactive compound additionally contains sodium percarbonate It may be urea hydrogen peroxide with a second component comprising at least one reactive compound, and the premixed component may additionally contain short chain alcohols. The second embodiment contains: A first premix component containing at least two solubilizers and water; And a second premix component comprising at least one bleach activator and at least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one bleach activator is in solid form. In a second embodiment, the first premix component preferably additionally contains an acid, the at least one bleach activator preferably contains acetylcholine chloride, and the at least one reactive mixture is a urea hydrogen It is preferred to contain peroxides and at least one bleach activator to contain TAED, and at least one bleach activator to be encapsulated to prevent premature reactions with at least one reactive compound. A third embodiment includes the following: a premixed component comprising at least two solubilizers and at least one bleach activator; And a component containing at least one reactive compound. In a third embodiment, the premix component may additionally contain water and acid, and the component containing at least one reactive compound may contain sodium percarbonate and additionally acid, and at least one The reactive compound may contain urea hydrogen peroxide together with a component containing at least one reactive compound that additionally contains a mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate.

The objects, advantages and novelties of the present invention and the additional scope of applicability thereof are set forth in part in the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and will be apparently understood to those skilled in the art when practiced with the following, or the practice of the present invention. Will be taught by. The objects and advantages of the invention may be practiced and achieved by means and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Related reference

This application is a priority claim of US Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 142,432, filed on July 29, 1999 and filed June 30, 1998, entitled "Aqueous Water for Mitigation and Decontamination of Chemical and Biological Inorganic Agents." "Formulations for Neutralization," filed June 29, 2000, filed on June 29, 2000, filed part of US Patent Application No. 09 / 109,235 entitled Aqueous Foams for Mitigation and Decontamination of Chemical and Biological Weapons Agents. All of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety as part of US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 607,586 entitled "of Chemical and Biological Toxants."

The present application is also filed on September 29, 2000, filed on September 29, 2000, in part of US Patent Application Ser. No. 09 / 607,586 entitled "Formulations for Neutralization of Chemical and Biological Toxants." As part of the US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 952,940 filed on the 14th entitled "Concentrated Formulations and Methods for Neutralizing Chemical and BIological Toxants," all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Reference is made to the invention.

The application is entitled “An Enhanced Formulation for Decontamination and Mitigation of CBW Agents and BIological Pathogens,” filed Oct. 1, 2001. US Provisional Application No. 60 / 334,271, filed November 30, 2001, entitled " COnfigurations for the Rapid Deployment of DF-200 " And US Patent Application No. 60 / 387,104 filed June 7, 2002 entitled "Decontamination Formulation", all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

US Government Rights

The United States Government has the rights to the present invention in accordance with contract DE-AC04-94AL850000 issued by the US Department of Energy.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are provided solely for the purpose of illustrating one or more preferred embodiments of the invention and are not to be understood as limiting the invention thereto.

In the drawing:

1 is a graph showing the effect of DF-200 on Bacillus glovisii (anthrax mimetic) spore killing;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preferred mixing process for the first rapid batch configuration of the present invention (“DF-200HF Rapid Batch”); FIG.

3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred mixing process for the second rapid batch configuration of the present invention ("DF-200HF slurry rapid batch").

Description of Preferred Embodiments

(Best mode for carrying out invention)

The present invention addresses the need for a general composition for neutralizing the adverse effects of either or both chemical and biological toxants, wherein the toxant, if left untreated, affects its life phenomena. It is defined as any chemical or biological compound, component, species, or agent that kills, temporarily renders powerless, or permanently injures a human or animal through chemical or biological action. Toxant, regardless of its origin or method of manufacture, encompasses all such chemical or biological agents, whether manufactured at dispensing sites or munitions. Neutralization is defined as mitigating, detoxifying, decontaminating or otherwise destroying toxant to the extent that the toxant no longer causes sudden adverse effects on humans or animals. The compositions of the present invention and the modifications described may neutralize the toxant and by itself do not cause infection, serious health effects or death in the animal.

One important subset of chemical and biological compounds addressed herein are chemical warfare ("CW") and biological warfare ("BW") formulations. However, the present invention also addresses toxants, which can potentially have adverse health effects on animals, including humans-infections, acute and chronic effects on health and death. Such toxants can be found in agricultural establishments, animals or dairy farms or food manufacturing processing or packaging facilities. In addition, the present invention is directed to the need for such compositions which are themselves nontoxic and non-corrosive, and which can be delivered in various states by various means. US patent applications 09 / 607,586 and 09 / 952,940 describe this embodiment. The present invention actually presents additional embodiments that differ from the prior art and from the previous embodiments, as will be discussed below.

By "formulation" in the present invention is meant an activated product or solution (e.g., applied to a surface or body), with or without the addition of a gas (such as air) to create a foam for neutralization purposes. Aqueous solution). Unless specifically stated otherwise, the concentrations, components or components herein are relative to the weight percentage of the total activated solution. As used herein, the term "water" broadly encompasses: pure water, tap water, deionized water, demineralized water, brine or other liquids consisting mainly of H ₂ O.

An example of a minimum set of components of the DF-200 composition that can achieve significant rate of spore kills includes the following four components:

(1) solubilizers selected from cationic surfactants (eg Variquat 80MC), cationic hydrotrope (eg Adogen 477), and fatty alcohols (eg 1-dodeconal);

(2) bleach activators selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group peroxide activators (eg, propylene glycol diacetate);

(3) reactive compounds (eg, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid); And

(4) water.

Solubilizers make toxant easily susceptible to attack, while reactive compounds attack and neutralize toxant and bleach activators facilitate this process.

Suitable cationic surfactants include: quaternary ammonium salts and polymeric quaternary salts. Suitable quaternary ammonium salts include: cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts, and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide. Preferred cationic surfactants are WITCO VARIQUAT 80MC ^™, which is a mixture of benzyl (C12-C16) alkyldimethylammonium chlorides. The concentration of the quaternary ammonium salt used in the DF-200 composition is preferably about 10% or less, because at higher concentrations the quaternary ammonium salt becomes very toxic to humans or the environment.

Examples of suitable cationic hydrotropes include: tetrapentyl ammonium bromide, triacetyl methyl ammonium bromide, and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide. Preferred cationic hydrotropes are WITCO ADGEN 477 ^™ , which is pentamethyltallow alkyltrimethylenediammonium dichloride.

Examples of suitable fatty alcohols include alcohols having 8-20 carbon atoms per molecule such as: 1-dodecanol, pure dodecanol, hexadecanol and 1-tetradecanol.

Examples of suitable bleach activators are described below.

Examples of suitable reactive compounds include the following: peroxide compounds; Hydrogen peroxide; Urea hydrogen peroxide; Sodium perborate; Sodium percarbonate; Sodium carbonate perhydrate; Sodium peroxypyrophosphate; Sodium peroxysilicate hydrogen; Peroxide adducts of pyrophosphate; Citrate; Sodium sulfate; Urea; And sodium silicate; Activated peroxide compounds (eg, hydrogen peroxide + bicarbonate); Peracetic acid; Oxymates (eg butane-2,3-dione, monooxymate ions and benzohydroxamate); Alkoxides (eg methoxide and ethoxide); Aryloxides (eg, aryl substituted benzenesulfonates); Aldehydes (eg, glutaraldehyde); Peroxymonosulfate; Fenton's reagent (mixture of iron and peroxide); And sodium hypochlorite. The use of such reactive compounds in DF-200 compositions results in the use of various negatively charged nucleophilic materials such as hydroxyl ions (OH ⁻ ) and hydrogen peroxide ions ((OOH ⁻ ); and / or hydrogen there can be produced hydroperoxide oxy carbonate ions (HCO ₄ ^{-) -} peroxide, the hydroperoxides oxy carbonate ion is produced when combined with the carbonate salt (HCO _4). is a hydroxyl ion (OH ^-) or hydroperoxide ions (OOH ^-). when using a more even more powerful oxidizing agent, and is particularly effective for reaction with biological Messenger Sant hydrogen peroxide in the DF-200 composition, the good that its concentration is preferably less than about 10%, is higher concentration than that This is because, particularly, pyrogen peroxa- it becomes very corrosive in the concentration range of 30-50%.

In order to achieve a high rate of spore kill, it is desirable to add a carbonate salt (eg, sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate) to the minimum set of components of the DF-200 composition described above. When a peroxide compound (such as hydrogen peroxide) is used as the reactive compound for DF-200, the added carbonate salt combines with the hydrogen peroxide, for example, to form a highly reactive hydroperoxycarbonate species (HCO ₄ ⁻ ). do. The addition of carbonate salt also buffers the composition to optimize pH.

Thus, the minimum component set of the DF-200 capable of achieving a high spore killing rate may contain the following five components:

(1) solubilizers selected from cationic surfactants (eg Variquat 80MC), cationic hydrotrope (eg Adogen 477), and fatty alcohols (eg 1-dodeconal);

(2) bleach activators selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group peroxide activators (eg, propylene glycol diacetate);

(3) reactive compounds (eg, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, etc.);

(4) carbonate salts (eg sodium bicarbonate); And

(5) water.

Examples of suitable carbonate salts include: potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and potassium carbonate.

1 shows decontamination test results for Bacillus globigii spores (initial concentration 10 ⁷ spores / ml). These spores were exposed for 1 hour to four sub-combinations of different combinations of the components of DF-200 (pH of the composition was 9.8). Spore killing was determined by culturing living organisms. As shown in FIG. 3, significant spore killing was achieved by using two different combinations: (1) 2% Variquat (cationic surfactant), 2% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator), and 2% Aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (oxidant) and (2) 2% Variquat (cationic surfactant), 5% potassium bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator) and 2% hydrogen peroxide (oxidant). However, very high spore killing occurs in the third combination, namely (3) 2% Variquat (cationic surfactant), 2% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator), 5% potassium bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator). ) And 2% hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent).

DF-200HF (High Foam)

The present invention provides an improved decontamination composition for high foam applications ("DF200-HF"). An example of the composition of the DF-200HF is as follows:

DF-200HF (High Foam)

1-4% (preferably 2%) Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

0.5-3% (preferably 1%) Adogen 477 (cationic hydrotrope)

0.2-0.8% (preferably 0.4%) 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.05-0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic water soluble polymer)

0.5% di (propylene glycol) methyl ether (solvent)

0.1-10% (preferably 1-4%) hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

0.1-10% (preferably 2-8%) bicarbonate salts (buffers and peroxide activators)

1-4% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

67-97% water

The composition is effective at a pH value of 7.5 to 10.5. The composition is adjustable in the range of pH 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal decontamination of all target agents. Wherein the “high-foam” composition comprises a cationic water soluble polymer (eg Jaguar 8000 ^™ ) which increases the bulk viscosity of the solution to make the foam more stable.

Suitable non-anionic water soluble polymers include: polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum (cationic or nonionic), polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG8000), and JAGUAR 8000 ^TM (guar gum 2) -Pyridoxypropyl ether). Cationic polymers are preferred over nonionic polymers; Anionic polymers have poor performance in the present invention. Fatty alcohol, 1-dodecanol, increases the surface viscosity of the foam lamellae, which also enhances stability against drainag and foam collapse.

DF-200LF (Low Foam)

The present invention provides an improved decontamination composition for low foam applications ("DF-200LF"). Examples of DF-200LF compositions include:

DF-200LF (Low Foam)

4% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

0.4% lauramid DEA [N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -dodecanamide] (foamed sterster)

1-4% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

0.05-0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic water soluble polymer)

0.5% di (propylene glycol) methyl ether (solvent)

0.05-0.1% Jaguar 8000 Polymer (Cation Water Soluble Polymer)

0.110% (preferably 1-4%) hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

0.1-10% (preferably 2-8%) bicarbonate salts (buffers and peroxide activators)

71-94% water

This composition is generally effective in the pH 7.5 to 10.5 range. The composition is adjustable in the range of pH 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal decontamination of all target agents.

"High Foam" here refers to the composition's ability to form highly stable and continuous foams, while "Low Foam" forms much less stable foams. The following table shows the improved performance of the DF-200HF and DF-200LF compared to the DF-100A. The indication "ND" means that the concentration is below the lower limit and "PGD" refers to propylene glycol diacetate (preferably bleach activator).

Summary of reaction rates for Musttard simulant (2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide) Composition Mustard mimetics (% decontamination) 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes DF-100A (pH 8) 18 42 81 DF-100A (pH 9.2) 16 38 83 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 42 62 ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4% Bicarb) 94 98 ND DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 55 91 ND

Summary of reaction rates for VX mimetics (O-ethyl S-ethyl phenylphosphonothioate) Composition VX mimetics (% decontamination) 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes DF-100A (pH 8) 45 99 ND DF-100A (pH 9.2) 33 71 93 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 63 98 ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4% Bicarb) 66 99 ND DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 79 98 ND

Summary of Response Rate for G Formulation Mimic (Diphenyl Chlorophosphate) Composition G formulation mimetics (% decontamination) 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes DF-100A (pH 8) 53 ND ND DF-100A (pH 9.2) ND ND ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) ND ND ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4% Bicarb) ND ND ND DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) ND ND ND

Summary of response rates for anthrax mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) Composition Anthrax mimetics Anthrax mimetics Death after 30 minutes % Death after 60 minutes DF-100A (pH 8) 99.99 99.99999 DF-100A (pH 9.2) 90 99.9 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 99.99999 99.99999 DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 99.99999 99.99999

The differences between the DF-200 and DF-100 / 100A compositions are as follows:

DF-200 is active against all formulations at a single pH. The composition is effective at a pH of about 7.5 to 10.5; more effective at pH about 9.2 to 9.8; most effective at a pH of about 9.6 to 9.8;

DF-200 has better performance against mustard;

DF-200 has better performance against bacterial spores;

DF-200 has a lower concentration of both cationic surfactants and / or cationic hydrotropes, which further reduces the toxic and corrosive properties of the composition (although already low);

DF-200 has a lower concentration of foaming stability component, 1-dodecanol;

DF_200 does not use short chain alcohols (such as isobutanol, isopropanol) which cause flammability problems when the composition is packaged in concentrated form;

DF-200 does not use diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGMBE), which can cause false alarms on some chemical agent sensors and detectors (especially older sensors used in some military settings);

DF-200 may contain low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, which further reduces the (already low) toxicity and corrosion properties of the composition.

Additional differences between the DF-200 and the DF-100A include:

DF-200 exhibits optimal performance at higher pH (about 9.6 to 9.8) compared to DF-100A. However, it should be recognized that this is not the typical pH used in general household products such as laundry detergents, shampoos, and dishwashing detergents;

Compared to DF-100A (only one component hydrogen peroxide must be stored separately), the DF-200 contains more individual components (such as hydrogen peroxide and bleach activator) that must be stored separately from the bulk composition before use. Have This is explained in more detail later.

One reason for the better performance of DF-200 compositions (eg DF-200HF and DF-200LF) compared to DF-100 and DF-100A compositions is by the addition of bleach activators (eg propylene glycol diacetate). Bleach activators react with strongly nucleophilic hydroperoxy anions (OOH ⁻ ) with O- or N-linked acetyl groups, producing peroxylated species, which are a much more effective oxidant than hydrogen peroxide alone. Compound.

Since the 1950s, various kinds of bleach activators have been used not only in commercial detergents for clothes but also in other commercial products. The most common activators are tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), which is used primarily in Europe and Asia; N-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS) mainly used in the United States. NOBS is a proprietary chemical from Proctor and Gamble company. In apparel detergents, hydrogen peroxide is provided in solid form (usually as sodium perborate, which reacts with water to form hydroxy anions). Adding bleach activators greatly improves the ability of clothing cleaners to remove stains from clothing.

It should be recognized that TAED and NOBS bleach activators are extremely insoluble in water (eg, TAED is only 0.1% soluble at 25 ° C.). To solve this problem in apparel detergents, solid TAED or NOBS particles are maintained as a suspension by the stirring action of the washing machine where the hydrogen peroxide reacts slowly in the detergent. However, agitation in the field of the DF-200 composition causes problems in use; Thus, water soluble bleach activators are preferred.

Useful water soluble bleach activators include short-chain organic compounds containing ester linkages, such as ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate ( Diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, and propylene glycol diacetate. Preferred water-soluble bleach activators are propylene glycol diacetate (PGD) represented by the following formula.

This molecule reacts with the hydroxylperoxy anion (OOH ⁻ ) to give up the ester bond, resulting in two peroxylated molecules.

Propylene glycol diacetate acts as an organic solvent very effective in solubilizing insoluble organic molecules (such as chemical preparations, foam stabilizers / foaming boosters, such as 1-dodecanol and lauramid DEA). Thus, an additional function of this compound is to enhance the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGMBE) solvent used in DF-100 and DF-100, or di (propylene glycol) methyl used in some DF-200 compositions. Being able to be used to enhance ether solvents, propylene glycol diacetate is intended to achieve a dual purpose (ie solvent and bleach activator).

Bleach activators are generally not stable in water for long periods of time. This is especially true when the pH of the aqueous solution is high (> 10). Thus, for extended storage periods, propylene glycol diacetate (or other bleach activator) is preferably stored separately from aqueous solutions until use. This is no different from other products that use bleach activators (eg, clothing detergents), in which all components of the composition remain dry and remain separate until use (for clothing detergents, bleach activators are peroxides). Encapsulated to prevent reaction with the components and both components are mixed in water).

Another example of a water soluble bleach activator is ethylene glycol diacetate, which works well in DF-200 compositions. However, when ethylene glycol diacetate reacts with hydrogen peroxide, it forms ethylene glycol (ie, cryoprotectant), which is a relatively toxic byproduct. Propylene glycol diacetate, on the other hand, does not produce this relatively toxic byproduct.

DF-200NF (non-foaming)

The present invention is a non-foaming embodiment that can be used in certain applications, such as, for example, the kill of biological organisms, batch processing (eg in chemical demilitarization neutralization processes, ie in solution baths), or spray application. -200NF "). Preferred embodiments of this composition include (example amounts):

DF-200NF (non-foaming body)

1-10% (preferably 2.5%) benzalkonium chloride (cationic surfactant)

1-8% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

1-16% hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

2-8% potassium bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator)

65.5-93.5% water

The compositions can be adjusted to pH values of about 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal performance, which are effective for decontamination of all target agents.

DF-100E

The present invention is an improved version of DF-100A using polyethylene glycol diacetate bleach activator. Preferred embodiments of this improved composition, ("DF-100E), include (example amounts):

DF-100E

5.3% Variquat 80mc

2.8% Adogen 4770.65% 1-dodecanol

0.5% Isobutanol

0.1% Jaguar 8000

1.35% Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether

2-8% bicarbonate salt

1-4% hydrogen peroxide

1-4% Propylene Glycol Diacetate

73-85% water

The composition can be adjusted to a pH value between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance with all formulations. The performance of DF-100E (2% PGD / 3.00% H ₂ O ₂ /3.75% bicarbonate salt) on chemical mimetics is shown in Table 5 below.

Summary of Response Rates for DF-100 Compositions in Kinetic Testing Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 83 92 ND G formulation ND ND ND VX 66 96 MD

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 minutes of exposure to DF-100E.

Other bleach activators (such as water-insoluble NOBS or TAED) can be used in place of propylene glycol diacetate in DF-100E. However, as mentioned above, this produces a slurry mixture instead of a pure liquid solution.

The table below summarizes some of the differences between the DF-100, DF-100A, DF-100E, DF-200HF, DF-200LF, DF-200NF and DF-200HF slurries.

Compare different decontamination compositions Composition pH regulation requirement Enhanced kinetics Reduction of flammable components Very stable foam formation Brine can be used for makeup water DF-100 Y N N Y N DF-100A N N N Y N DF-100E N Y N Y Y DF-200HF N Y Y Y Y DF-200LF N Y Y N Y DF-200NF N Y Y N Y DF-200HF-Slurry N Y Y Y Y

Kit Configuration

In the following sections, various embodiments of two-part, three-part and four-part "kit" configurations are shown for different examples of DF-200 compositions. In general, two- and three-part kits already have “pre-packaged” bulk water in one of two (or three) containers (typically foaming components). This allows for rapid deployment of decontamination solutions, use of small scale units (eg knapsack), and does not require any extra water provided in the art.

In contrast, four-part kits generally require the addition of make-up water at or near the site of contamination. This makes the "packaging" containing the other three parts much lighter, making it easier to mail and store. However, there is a need for a make-up source in this field (fields available for saline).

In general, depending on the application, the DF-200 composition can be formed with or without the "pre-packed" bulk water.

DF-200HF (kit configuration)

The DF-200HF composition can be configured as a four-part kit and then made for field use in the following (exemplary amounts).

DF-200HF (4-part Kit)

Part A (foam concentration)

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4 g b-dodecanol

1g Jaguar 8000Polymer

5 g di (propylene glycol) methyl ether

7.5g potassium bicarbonate

141g water

Part B (Solid Components)

50g sodium percarbonate

50g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (bleach activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

Part D (makeup)

800g water

In an embodiment of a four-part configuration, "packaging" (ie parts A, B and C) does not contain bulk water, which reduces the packaging weight for transportation and storage. Here, the makeup water (part D) is supplied in the field at or near the site of contamination. The pH of the composition can be adjusted between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance. The composition will produce one liter of "high" foam solution. In this embodiment, sodium percarbonate supplies hydrogen peroxide, a portion of bicarbonate, and a base for a buffer solution. The residue of the hydrogen peroxide is fed by urea hydrogen peroxide. In this example, the total hydrogen peroxide concentration is about 3%. The viscosity of the composition can be adjusted to about 4-9 mm ² / s.

Various other methods in this field can be used to mix the DF-200HF compositions that are formed as four-part kits. For example:

Method 1 : Supply makeup water (part D), then mix part B and part D. Then add parts C and A to part B + D. It is preferable to use within 8 hours.

Method 2 : Mix Part C with Part A Supply makeup water (Part D). Then mix Part B with Part D. Keep it until you use it. If used, mix Part A + C with Part B + D. It is preferred to use within 8 hours after the first mixing of Part B + D and Part A + C.

In general, the activated DF-200 composition is preferably used within 8 hours after mixing, but may be effective for up to 24 hours or more. Apply DF-200HF (high foam) to the surface for a long time, then rinse it off. However, DF-200 (low foam) can be used in different ways from the DF-100 / 100A and DF-200HF compositions. Instead of leaving DF-200LF on the surface for an extended period of time, it can be applied to the surface, remaining for a relatively short period (eg 15-60 minutes) and then removed by high pressure fresh water or brine spraying. This reduces corrosiveness of the applied material and would be particularly useful for decontamination aircraft and other devices in which corrosives are involved. This can reduce the time needed to decontaminate and is particularly advantageous for military use (on battlefields or on fixed sites).

Saline may be effectively used as makeup water (Part D) for the DF-200 composition. The table below shows kinetic test results using DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.50% H ₂ O ₂ /4.0% bicarbonate salt) with saline (˜35,000 ppm total dissolved solids).

Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes mustard 24 42 89 G formulation ND ND ND VX 62 96 > 99

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 1 hour exposure to DF-200HF with saline used as makeup water.

Surface tests were performed with DF-200HF against Mustard and VX mimetics. For this test, 8 rng mimetics were applied to a 2 "diameter test coupon made with Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC). CARC is a commonly used material to paint military vehicles that protect against chemical agent attack. 1 hour After waiting, the test coupon was placed in a horizontal position and covered with 1.0 g DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O 2 /4.0% bicarbonate salt) After 60 minutes, the test coupon was 25 ml of acetonitrile for 15 minutes. The unreacted mimetics were extracted from the surface by dipping in. The unreacted mimetics were then analyzed for the extraction solvent (acetonitrile). Proved more effective.

Surface test results of DF-200HF on CARC Decon composition Mg VX mimetic (unreacted mimetic on surface after 60 minutes) Mustard mimics mg (unreacted mimics on the surface after 60 minutes) Control 8.0 ± 0.3 8.0 ± 0.3 DF-100A (pH 9.2) 2.9 4.5 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4.0% Bicarb) 1.4 2.5

DF-200HF Slurry (Kit Configuration)

Insoluble bleach activators (such as TAED, NOBS and N-acetyl glucosamine) can be used in place of the UDF (water-soluble) propylene glycol diacetate in the DF-200 composition. However, in this case the composition, when mixed with water, results in a slurry rather than a true aqueous solution.

The invention also provides a process for producing a reactive slurry using a water-insoulble solid bleach activator (e.g., TAED), wherein the slurry is water insoluble, insoluble material Defined as the same mixture). This embodiment, "DF-200HF slurry" is a variation of the DF-200HF composition. Specific examples of four-part kit configurations are shown below (example amounts):

DF-200HF Slurry (4-Part Kit)

Part A (foam concentration):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

1g Jaguar 8000Polymer

5 g di (propylene glycol) methyl ether

7.5g potassium bicarbonate

161 g water

Part B (Solid Components)

50g sodium percarbonate

50g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (bleach activator)

10g TAED (preferably encapsulated TAED like Warwick B637)

Part D (makeup)

800 g water (may be fresh or brine provided where it is used)

The composition will produce 1 liter of foam solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted to about 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal performance. The following mixing methods are available: Mix Part Part B into Part D. Then add parts C and A to part B + D. It is preferable to use within 8 hours.

The performance for each chemical formulation mimetic for DF-200HF slurry (1% TAED / 3% H ₂ O ₂ /4% bicarbonate salt) is shown in Table 9.

Summary of reaction rates for DF-200HF slurry compositions in kinetic tests. Note that improved performance can be achieved by using high concentrations of TAED (eg, 2% TAED instead of 1% TAED). Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 67 96 ND G formulation ND ND ND VX 33 95 MD

Other embodiments of the DF-200 are typically used for a wide range of operations providing a batch device and a source of makeup water is readily available (e.g., for military use to decontaminate 'fixed sites' such as air bases and ports). It is used to reduce the volume of 'pre-packaged' water in order to reduce the weight of the composition to be transported and stored.

DF-200 Rapid Batch Configuration

The present invention relates to a batch using a configuration and / or small batch device (such as a unit mounted on small dollies) that enhances rapid placement of the DF-200 composition. In application, all water is "pre-packaged" in the composition and does not require extra water in the field. The first example of a three-part kit configuration for rapid deployment of the DF-200HF, "DF-200HF Rapid Deployment # 1 "Includes (example amounts):

DF-200HF Rapid Deployment # 1 (3-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Component):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

5 g poly (ethylene oxide)

8g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5g isobutanol

45g potassium bicarbonate

Approximately 19 g potassium hydroxide (part A should have a pH of about 10.2)

933g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (Liquid Bleach Activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

This configuration produces one liter of foam solution. For optimal performance the pH of the final composition can be adjusted to 9.6 to 9.8. The following mixing methods are available: Mix Part B and Part A. After dissolving the urea hydrogen peroxide, Part C is added to Part A + B. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF rapid batch against chemical agent mimetics is shown in Table 10 below:

DF-200HF Reaction Rate in Kinetic Testing of Rapid Batch # 1 Configuration Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 48 82 ND G formulation ND ND ND VX 71 97 > 99

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to the DF-200HF rapid batch.

An illustrative embodiment of the preferred mixing method for the first embodiment of the rapid batch configuration of DF-200HF is shown in FIG. 2. Urea hydrogen peroxide dissolves quickly in water. Therefore, the goal is to be very short-lived at the scene of an incident involving chemical warfare or biological warfare preparations intended to be used for civilian primary responders (fire departments, HazMat units, police stations, etc.) that will first arrive at the scene in a CBW attack and / or military use. The composition can be prepared and placed.

However, certain bleach activators (propylene glycol diacetate) used in the present compositions are not stable in aqueous solutions with a pH above about 9.9. Therefore, it is important to mix the proper ingredients in the correct order. For example, if Part C is mixed before Part B is added to Part A, there may be some loss of activity in DF-200HF because propylene glycol diacetate is exposed to a solution with a pH value> 9.0. However, if Part B is added before Part C is added to Part A, adding Part B to Part A results in a pH of Part A + B of about 9.9 or less, which is not the case.

The solvent used in Part A (foam solution) of the first embodiment shown above for DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, was added to the previously described DF-200HF composition (di (propylene glycol) methyl ether). It is different from the solvent used. This is because di (propylene glycol) methyl ether is not stable in the high pH environment required for the foam component (part A) in a rapid batch configuration. Note also that short chain alcohols (ie isobutanol) have been added to the foam component (part A) in DF-200HF's rapid batch configuration # 1. The low molecular weight alcohols in high concentration configurations of DF-200HF can cause flammability problems, while in the low concentration configurations described herein. The use of isobutanol also aids in solubility of 1-dodecanol in Part A and improves the kinetics (chemical reactivity) of the composition. In addition, the composition preferably uses a different polymer, poly (ethylene oxide), than the polymer used in the other initially described DF-200 compositions (ie Jaguar 8000). This alternative polymer is used because Jaguar 800 is not stable to liquid foam portions (Part A) in high pH environments in rapid batch compositions. Accordingly, preferred compositions for DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1 include:

DF-200HF Quick Placement # 1

1-4% (preferably 2%) Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

0.5-3% (preferably 1%) adogen 477 (cationic surfactant)

0.2-0.8 (preferably 0.4%) 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.5-8% (preferably 0.5%) poly (ethylene glycol) (polymer)

0.6-1.2% (preferably 0.8%) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (solvent)

0-1% (preferably 0.5%) isobutanol (short chain alcohol)

0.1-10% (preferably 2-8%) bicarbonate salts (buffers and activators such as peroxsai)

0.1-10% (preferably 1-4%) hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

0.1-10% (preferably 1-4%) propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

52-97% water

The composition can be adjusted to a pH value between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance, which is effective for decontamination of all target agents.

The second embodiment of the three-part kit configuration of the quick batch version of the DF-200HF, "DF-200HF Quick Batch # 2", includes (example amount):

DF-200HF Quick Placement # 2 (3-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Component):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

20g Polyethylene Glycol 8000 Polymer

8g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5g isobutanol

50g potassium bicarbonate

Approximately 25 g potassium hydroxide (part A should have a pH of about 10.2)

933g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (Liquid Bleach Activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

In the second embodiment, polyethylene glycol 8000 polymer replaced the poly (ethylene oxide) polymer used in DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1.

The third embodiment of the three-part kit configuration for the quick batch version of the DF-200HF, "DF-200HF quick batch # 3", includes (example amount):

DF-200HF Quick Placement # 3 (3-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Component):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

20g Polyethylene Glycol 8000 Polymer

10 g hexylene glycol

45g potassium carbonate

5g potassium bicarbonate

700g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

83g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (Liquid Bleach Activator)

20 g glycol diacetate (ie diacetin)

In the third embodiment, polyethylene glycol 8000 polymer replaced the poly (ethylene oxide) polymer used in DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1 as a water soluble polymer. In addition, hexylene glycol replaced diethylene glycone monobutyl ether and isobutanol used as solvent. Finally, glycol diacetate (ie diacetin) replaced the propylene glycol diacetate used as bleach activator. These changes in the third embodiment are due to the evaporation of the most volatile components, especially at high ambient storage temperatures, the shelf life of very long (months to years) of liquid foaming components (Part A). Reduce or eliminate the use of short-chain alcohols and / or high vapor pressure solvents to avoid problems that may be caused by life. 45 g potassium carbonate and 5 g potassium bicarbonate are selected to provide adequate amounts of both carbonate / bicarbonate PH was adjusted appropriately. Alternatively, 50 g potassium bicarbonate can be used (without potassium carbonate), and then an appropriate amount of potassium hydroxide (base) can be added to improve the pH to the previously required values.

DF-200HF Slurry Quick Batch

The present invention also relates to the two-part kit configuration (“DF-200HF slurry rapid batch”) of the rapid batch embodiment of the DF-200HF slurry embodiment, wherein TAED (or other solid peroxide activator) is used as the bleach activator. Used. In addition, this embodiment of the quick batch configuration does not require additional water to be added to the field (example amount):

DF-200HF-Slurry Quick Batch (2-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Component):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

5 g poly (ethylene glycol)

8g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5

50g potassium bicarbonate

28 g potassium hydroxide (part A should have a pH of about 10.4)

953 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

30g TAED (preferably encapsulated form like Warwick ingernational B637)

This composition produces 1 liter of effervescent solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted to about 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal performance. The composition can be mixed using the following process: Part A and Part B are mixed. Then wait at least one minute before using to give the TAED time to react with the hydrogen peroxide. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. TAED is not immediately soluble in water, but it is useful that it remains solid particles for at least 15-20 minutes. Thus, TAED particles may require a filter or scree to not damage or block other elements of the batch device or any pump. However, about one minute after adding the TAED particles in Part B to Part A, the composition is ready for use.

There are two reasons for using the encapsulated form of TAED in the configuration. First, the protective coating (dissolves slowly in water) protects the TAED and therefore does not react with urea hydrogen peroxide during storage. Secondly, the coating protects the TAED from high pH conditions in Part A until the urea hydrogen peroxide is dissolved and the pH of the composition drops to levels below about 9.9. TAED is used in a similar manner to propylene glycol diacetate for protecting the activator against exposure to high pH solutions. TAED will lose most of its effect as a bleach activator when exposed to solutions with a pH above 9.9. Thus, by using the encapsulated form of TAED it is possible to reduce exposure to high pH immediately after mixing Part B with Part A. The performance of the DF-200HF slurry rapid batch against the chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 11 below.

Reaction Rate in Kinetic Testing of DF-200HF Slurry Rapid Batch Composition Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 76 97 ND G formulation ND ND ND VX 57 97 MD

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF slurry rapid batches.

An illustrative embodiment of the method of mixing the DF-200HF slurry rapid batch is shown in FIG. 3.

The above are just some embodiments of a quick batch configuration for the DF-200 composition. As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, other rapid batch configurations are possible by using the basic considerations described in this application.

The invention also relates to a process for producing the foaming component (part A) of the rapid batch configuration. Specific examples of such a method are as follows.

1. Add the appropriate mass of water to the mixing vessel.

2. Add bicarbonate salt while stirring the water in the mixing vessel. Stir until completely dissolved.

3. Slowly add poly (ethylene glycol) polymer to the mixing vessel with rapid stirring. Be careful not to have lumps. Stir for at least 30 minutes.

4. Add Variquat 80MC while stirring the effervescent solution in the mixing vessel. Stir until completely mixed.

6. In a separate vessel mix diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, isobutanol and 1-dodecanol. The mixture is slowly added to the effervescent solution with stirring.

7. While stirring the effervescent solution in the mixing vessel, slowly add solid KOH until the pH reaches an appropriate value.

Alternative DF-200 Composition

The present invention also refers to the following alternative DF-200 compositions.

1. an alternative composition comprising propylene glycol to lower the freezing point of a solution;

2. Alternative compositions using sodium percarbonate as a solid source of hydrogen peroxide;

3. Alternative compositions comprising corrosion inhibitors ;

4. Alternative compositions comprising glycerol as a viscosity builder for surgery, such as decontamination of skin;

5. Alternative compositions using O-acetyl bleach activators, including those that can be used as a solid; and

6. Alternative compositions using bleach activators containing nitrile groups .

DF-200 with propylene glycol

The following is the first embodiment of a two-part kit configuration for DF-200HF containing propylene glycol as a depressant, where all water is "prepackaged" in Part A, with the following ingredients (example amounts) ).

DF-200HF Rapid Placement with Propylene Glycol, First Embodiment (2-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Components):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

20 g poly (ethylene glycol) ( MW 8000)

8g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5g isobutanol

4g 1-dodecanol

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

150 g propylene glycol ( freezing point inhibitor )

Approximately 6 g of 10% HCl solution (sufficient to provide final pH 2.5 in Part A)

777g water

Part B (Solid Additives):

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

12g potassium bicarbonate

38 g potassium carbonate (buffer, adjusts final pH)

The composition produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ratio of potassium carbonate to potassium bicarbonate used in Part B can be adjusted to achieve the final pH of the desired composition (preferably between about 9.6 and about 9.8). Thus, in this embodiment, potassium carbonate serves as the base and source of carbonate / bicarbonate. To prepare this composition, Part B is mixed into Part A. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. The performance of the first embodiment of DF-200HF with propylene glycol against the chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 12.

Reaction Rate from Kinetic Test of DF-200HF with Propylene Glycol (First Embodiment) Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 16 80 ND G formulation ND ND ND VX 66 90 > 99

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF with propylene glycol (first embodiment).

When all the water is "prepackaged" in Part A, the composition for use can be mixed in a short time because it consists of only two parts. Therefore, it can be deployed very quickly at the event site, including chemical warfare and biological warfare agents.

This configuration is ideal for first responders (fire departments, HazMat troops, police stations, etc.) who will arrive on site for the first time in a CBW attack. However, it is heavier to transport than other configurations in which water is added to the field.

This configuration can also mix the bleach activator, propylene glycol diacetate, with foaming component part A (better than storing each, third component). This is possible because the pH of the foaming component is less than 3. Propylene glycol diacetate hydrolyzes in solutions with pH greater than 3, but is stable in solutions with pH less than 3. The configuration can also use polyethylene glycol polymer (PEG 8000) for viscosity enhancement. This polymer is used in a variety of cosmetics and is extremely soluble and stable in water. In addition, since it does not have a tendency to clump, it is easier to mix than Jaguar 8000 or high molecular weight poly (ethylene oxane).

This configuration includes propylene glycol as a freezing point inhibitor. Propylene glycol is considered an environmentally friendly antifreeze. In this case, the concentration is about 15% by weight and the freezing point of Part A is lowered to about -20 ° C. This configuration has been tested with good results with propylene glycol concentrations as high as 40% by weight.

As an alternative to the first embodiment of DF-200HF with propylene glycol shown above, sodium percarbonate is used in part B instead of using urea hydrogen peroxide as part of the peroxide and as the bicarbonate source. Since sodium percarbonate is much cheaper than urea hydrogen peroxide, it is useful to use such substitutes. A second embodiment of DF-200HF with propylene glycol is shown below (example amounts):

DF-200HF Rapid Placement with Propylene Glycol, First Embodiment (2-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Components):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

20 g poly (ethylene glycol) ( MW 8000)

8g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5g isobutanol

4g 1-dodecanol

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

150 g propylene glycol ( freezing point inhibitor )

Approximately 6 g of 10% HCl solution (sufficient to provide final pH 2.5 in Part A)

777g water

Part B (Solid Additives):

90 g sodium percarbonate

15 g citric acid (buffer, adjusts final pH)

The composition produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance. The following mixing method may be used: Part B is mixed into Part A. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. Alternatively, sodium bisulfate (usually a pool conditioning chemical or other acid can be used in place of citric acid to adjust pH. DF-200HF with propylene glycol against chemical formulation mimetics The performance of the second embodiment of (using sodium percarbonate) is shown in Table 13.

Reaction rate from kinetic test of DF-200HF with propylene glycol (using sodium percarbonate) Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 80 ND ND VX 76 96 > 99

In general, sodium percarbonate dissolves much more slowly than urea hydrogen peroxide after being added to Part A. However, to increase the dissolution rate, sodium percarbonate can be ground to about 100 mesh sizes for this configuration. The use of ground sodium percarbonate can reduce the time it takes to dissolve the sodium percarbonate from about 2 minutes to about 30 minutes.

DF-200 by corrosion inhibitor

Corrosion inhibitors can be added to the DF-200 compositions to reduce their corrosiveness. Preferred corrosion inhibitors for the DF-200 composition are N, N-dimethyl ethanolamine. However, other corrosion inhibitors such as ethanolamine salts of triethanolamine, C9, C10 and C12 diexide mixtures, dicyclohexyl amine nitrile and N, N-dibenzylamine can be used. Corrosion inhibitors added to the DF-200 composition can play a multipurpose role.

1. Corrosion inhibitor

2. pH buffer

3. Solvent to maintain 1-dodecanol in solution. And

4. Co-solvents for dissolving insoluble chemical agents, such as sarin or mustard.

Specific examples of three-part kit configurations of DF-200HF with corrosive inhibitors include (example amounts):

DF-200HF Rapid Deployment with Corrosion Inhibitors (3-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Components):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

5 g poly (ethylene glycol)

10 g N, N-dimethyl ethanolamine (corrosion inhibitor)

50g potassium bicarbonate

18 g potassium hydroxide (sufficient to provide final pH 10.2 in Part A)

936 g water

Part B (Solid Oxidizer Component):

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (Liquid Bleach Activator):

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

The composition produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance. The following mixing method may be used: Part B is mixed into Part A. Then, after dissolving the urea hydrogen peroxide, Part C is added to Part A + B. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF with corrosion inhibitors against the following chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 14.

Reaction Rate from Kinetic Test of DF-200HF with Corrosion Inhibitor Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 7 41 79 VX 58 94 99

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 60 min exposure to DF-200HF by corrosion inhibitors. Although adversely affected the performance of the DF-200 against, it was not measured in the performance of the DF-200HF against the biologic, similar results were obtained with the use of an alternative corrosion inhibitor, 1% triethanolamine.

DF-200 with glycerol

In another embodiment of the DF-200 composition, glycerol may be used in place of Jaguar 8000, poly (ethylene oxide) or polyethylene glycol as a viscosity enhancer. Glycerol is a common ingredient in cosmetics and is used here as a solvent as well as viscosity enhancers, wetting agents and emollients. Therefore, the use of glycerol in the DF-200 composition can serve a multipurpose action.

1. Viscosity Enhancer

2. humectants (ie substances that moisturize the skin)

3. a solvent for holding 1-decanolol in the solution, and

4. Cosolvents for dissolving insoluble chemical agents, such as sarin or mustard.

Embodiments of three-part kit configuration of DF-200HF with glycerol include (example amounts):

DF-200HF Rapid Batch with Glycerol (3-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Components):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

4g 1-dodecanol

40 g glycerol (viscosity enhancer)

40g potassium bicarbonate

Ca. 17 g potassium hydroxide (sufficient to provide final pH 10.2 in Part A)

906 g water

Part B (Solid Oxidizer Component):

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

Part C (Liquid Bleach Activator):

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

The composition produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance. The following mixing methods are available: Mix Part B into Part A. Then, after dissolving the urea hydrogen peroxide, Part C is added to Part A + B. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF with glycerol against the following chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 15.

Reaction Rate in Kinetic Test of DF-200HF with Glycerol Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 63 96 ND G formulation ND ND ND VX 76 99 MD

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF with glycerol.

Since glycerol acts as a humectant, the composition can be used directly on humans. This composition can be used, for example, by removing foaming components (such as 1-dodecanol and adogen 477) as a spray or shower, and by reducing the concentration of peroxides. However, a disadvantage with the use of glycerol is that it is solid at fairly high temperatures (less than about 10 ° C.). Therefore, it would be desirable to use under controlled temperature conditions (ie warm temperature conditions).

The propylene glycol diacetate, bleach activator used in the various DF-200 configurations described above is not currently available in solids. However, other bleach activators are commercially available in solid form.

DF-200 with Acetylcholine Chloride

Instead of (liquid) propylene glycol diacetate, solid O-acetyl bleach activators (eg, acetylcholine chloride, often used in tear fluid) can be used in the DF-200 composition. The chemical structure of this O-acetyl bleach activator is shown below. As can be seen, the molecule contains an O-acetyl group capable of activating a peroxide, is a quaternary compound and is very compatible with the DF-200 composition. Acetylcholine chloride is also water soluble and very hygroscopic.

Embodiments of a two-part kit configuration of DF-200HF with acetylcholine chloride include (example amounts):

DF-200HF Rapid Batch with Acetylcholine Chloride (2-Part Kit)

Part A (Liquid Foam Components):

20g Variquat 80MC

10g adogen 477

30 g poly (ethylene glycol) (MW 8000)

8g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5g isobutanol

4g 1-dodecanol

150 g propylene glycol

50g potassium bicarbonate

Ca. 17 g potassium hydroxide (sufficient to provide final pH 10.2 in Part A)

803 g water

Part B (Solid Additives):

97g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

25 g acetylcholine chloride (solid bleach activator)

The composition produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final composition can be adjusted between about 9.6 and 9.8 for optimal performance. To use this composition, Part B is mixed into Part A. It is preferable to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF with acetylcholine chloride against the following chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 16.

Reaction Rate from Kinetic Test of DF-200HF Using Acetylcholine Chloride as Activator Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 60 98 ND VX 10 85 > 99

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF with acetylcholine chloride.

Two other O-acetyl bleach activators, monoacetin (slycerol monoacetate) and diacetin (glycerol diacetate) were also tested for the effect of the DF-200 composition. Both of these compounds have proven to be very effective bleach activators. These compounds are water soluble liquids.

Experiments also showed that the DF-200 composition was effectively activated by a nitrile-containing compound such as 4-cyanobezoic acid (which is water soluble), for example, at a 2% concentration, for neutralization of both chemical and biological agent mimetics. .

DF-200 using peracetic acid

The test was carried out using peracetic acid instead of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in DF-200. The following composition was used.

2% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

2% peracetic acid (oxidizer)

5% potassium bicarbonate (buffers and activators)

91% water

The pH was adjusted to 9.8 with solid KOH and the composition was tested against mimetics for mustard, VX and anthrax spores. The performance of the composition against the chemical agent mimetics is shown in Table 17.

Reaction Rate from Kinetic Test of DF-200HF with 2% Peracetic Acid Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 27 58 68 VX 68 76 95

Tests against anthrax spore mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF by peracetic acid.

The following compositions were also tested for DF-200 using high concentrations of peracetic acid (3.5%).

2% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

3.5% peracetic acid (oxidizer)

5% potassium bicarbonate (buffers and activators)

89.5% water

The pH was adjusted to 0.8 with solid KOH and the composition tested against mimetics for mustard, VX, and anthrax spores. The performance of the composition against the chemical agent mimetics is shown in Table 18.

Reaction Rate from Kinetic Test of DF-200HF with 3.5% Peracetic Acid Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 40 94 ND VX 74 96 98

The results indicate that while the use of peracetic acid as an alternative oxidant is effective against chemical agent mimetics, activated hydrogen peroxide (ie, a combination of hydrogen peroxide, bicarbonate, and propylene glycol diacetate) as an oxidant It is not effective as the used DF-200 composition. However, the DF-200 composition with 2-3.5% peracetic acid is very effective for spore killing. Nevertheless, the use of such oxidants is not as attractive as hydrogen peroxide because peracetic acid cannot be used safely and conveniently in solid form and the storage period in liquid form is quite short.

In addition, tests were conducted to determine the minimum constituent VLF required for spore killing in the DF-200 composition with peracetic acid as the oxidant. These results indicate that only three components, peracetic acid, bicarbonate and cationic surfactant, are needed to achieve high rates of spore killing.

Live agent test with DF-200HF

Live formulation tests were performed on three chemical agents (soman ("GD"), VX, and mustard ("HD")) and two biological agents (anthrax spores and Yersinia pestis). The DF-200HF Kinetic Test Girl for the formulations is shown in Table 19.

Response rate in kinetic test of DF-200HF against chemical agent Chemical preparations % Decontamination of chemical preparations at time intervals 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes GD 99.98 ± 0.01 99.97 ± 0.01 99.98 ± 0.01 VX 91.20 ± 8.56 99.80 ± 0.08 99.88 ± 0.04 HD 78.13 ± 10.53 98.46 ± 1.43 99.84 ± 0.32

After GD was exposed to DF-200HF, methylphosphonic acid (MPA) and pinacolinyl methylphosphonic acid (PMPA) were identified as byproducts. After VX was exposed to DF-200HF, ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA) and MPA were identified as byproducts. This indicates that destruction of VX was a more desirable path to phosphonic acid than to EA2192 (a harmful byproduct that may be produced during VX degradation). Finally, after HD was exposed to DF-200HF, the initial degradation products of HD contained a mixture of sulfoxide and sulfone by-products, and after 60 minutes each of these by-products nearly disappeared.

Test results against anthrax spores are shown in Tables 20 and 21, and results against Yersinia pests are shown in Table 22 (NG refers to "no growth"). The limit of detection in this test was 10 CFU / ml. The 'error range bars' in the '% reduction' column takes this detection limit into account.

Killing rate for B. anthracis AMES-RIID spores in solution of DF-200HF B. Anthracis AMES-RID Average CFU / ml Log reduction % decrease Control 1.21E + 07 0 0.00 15 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004 30 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004 60 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004

Killing rate for B. anthracis ANR-1 spores in a solution of DF-200HF B. Anthracis ANR-1 Average CFU / ml Log reduction % decrease Control 6.42E + 07 0 0.00 15 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004 30 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004 60 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004

Killing rate against Y. pest bacteria cells in a solution of DF-200HF Y. Festis (ATCC-11953) Average CFU / ml Log reduction % decrease Control 1.33E + 07 0 0.00 15 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004 30 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004 60 minutes contact NG 7 100 ± 0.00004

After 21 days of petri dishes used for cell growth for each of these tests, a test was conducted demonstrating that DF-200HF actually killed rather than merely inhibited spore growth. No growth was observed on any Petri dishes after the 21 day period.

Toxic Industrial Chemicals Tests with DF-200HF

Several toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) were tested against the DF-200HF. A summary of the TICs tested by date and the results of these tests are shown in Table 23. Malathion, butyl isocyanate, sodium cyanide and carbon disulfide results were obtained by analyzing unreacted chemicals in the foamed solution, while phosgene was obtained by analyzing chemicals in the headspace on the foamed solution. These results demonstrate that they effectively neutralize toxic industrial chemicals.

Summary of Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TIC) Neutralization Test by DF-200HF TIC Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Malathion (Liquid) 89 95 Below detection Hydrogen cyanide (gas) > 99 > 99 > 99 Sodium Cyanide (Solid) 93 98 > 99 Butyl Isocyanate (Liquid) 99 Trace detection Trace detection Carbon Disulfide (Liquid) > 99 > 99 Trace detection Phosgene (gas) 98 > 99 > 99

The foregoing examples can be repeated with similar successes by substituting and / or altering the reactants described generally or in detail for the materials used in the foregoing examples and / or adjusting the conditions of the present invention.

Although the present invention has been described in the detailed description of the invention with specific references as preferred embodiments, other embodiments may achieve the same results. Modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be included in the appended claims. The entirety of all references, applications, patents, and publications cited above are hereby incorporated by reference.

Claims (50)

At least two solubilizing compounds, wherein at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic surfactant and at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic hydrotrope; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and Selected from sodium percarbonate; And At least one bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators Wherein the at least two solubilizing compounds, the at least one reactive compound and the at least one bleach activator are mixed with water and exposed to at least one toxant for at least one A composition used to neutralize at least one toxant, which neutralizes the toxant. The composition of claim 1 wherein said cationic surfactant contains a quaternary ammonium salt. The quaternary ammonium salt of claim 2, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is selected from cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, or WITCO VARIQUAT 80MC ^TM , or a combination thereof Composition. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a water soluble polymer. The method of claim 4 wherein the water soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, (cationic or nonionic) polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, poly (ethylene oxide), glycerol, polystyrene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000 ), And JAGUAR 8000 ^TM (guar gum 2-hydroxypropyl ether), and combinations thereof. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a fatty alcohol comprising 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a solvent. 8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the solvent is selected from di (propylene glycol) methyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and combinations thereof. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a carbonate salt. The composition of claim 9 wherein the carbonate salt is selected from potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and potassium carbonate and combinations thereof. The composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one bleach activator is water soluble. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one water soluble bleach activator is acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol mono A composition selected from methyl ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, and propylene glycol diacetate and combinations thereof. The composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one bleach activator is water insoluble. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one water-insoluble peroxide activator is selected from tetaacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), and N-acetyl glucosamine and combinations thereof. Composition. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pH value is from about 9.6 to about 9.8 when mixed with water. At least one cationic surfactant; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and Selected from sodium percarbonate; At least one bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile bleach activators; And At least one carbonate salt that is not one of the at least one reactive compound Wherein the at least one surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator, and at least one carbonate salt are mixed with water and exposed to at least one toxant Wherein the composition is used to neutralize at least one toxant. The composition of claim 16 wherein the pH when mixed with water ranges from about 9.6 to about 9.8. The composition of claim 16 wherein said cationic surfactant comprises a quaternary ammonium salt. 19. The composition of claim 18, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is benzalkonium chloride. 17. The composition of claim 16, wherein said at least one carbonate salt is selected from potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and potassium carbonate and combinations thereof. The composition of claim 16 consisting substantially of the at least one cationic surfactant, the at least one reactive compound, the at least one bleach activator, and the at least one carbonate salt. The composition of claim 16 wherein said at least one bleach activator is water soluble. The method of claim 22, wherein the at least one water soluble bleach activator is acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol mono A composition selected from methyl ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate or combinations thereof. The composition of claim 1 packaged in a kit configuration. The composition of claim 24, wherein the kit configuration comprises: A premixed component comprising said at least two solubilizers; A first component comprising said at least one bleach activator; And A second component comprising said at least one reactive compound. The composition of claim 25 further comprising water and a base. The composition of claim 25 wherein said premix component additionally comprises a water soluble polymer. The composition of claim 25 wherein said at least one bleach activator is selected from propylene glycol diacetate, glycerol diacetate, and TAED and combinations thereof. 26. The composition of claim 25, wherein said premix component additionally comprises a fatty alcohol comprising 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule. 27. The composition of claim 25, wherein said at least one reactive compound comprises urea hydrogen peroxide and said second component comprising said at least one reactive compound additionally comprises sodium percarbonate. 26. The composition of claim 25, wherein said premix component additionally contains short chain alcohols. The composition of claim 24, wherein the kit configuration comprises: A first premixed component containing at least two solubilizers and water; And A second premix component comprising said at least one bleach activator and said at least one reactive compound, wherein said at least one bleach activator is in a solid state. 33. The composition of claim 32, wherein said first premix component additionally comprises an acid. 33. The composition of claim 32, wherein said at least one bleach activator comprises aceticoline chloride. 33. The composition of claim 32, wherein said at least one reactive compound contains urea hydrogen peroxide and said at least one bleach activator contains TAED. 33. The composition of claim 32, wherein said at least one bleach activator is encapsulated to prevent premature reaction with said at least one reactive compound. The composition of claim 24, wherein the kit configuration comprises: A premixed component comprising said at least two solubilizers and said at least one bleach activator; And A component comprising said at least one reactive compound. 38. The composition of claim 37, wherein said premix component additionally comprises water and an acid. 38. The composition of claim 37, wherein said component comprising said at least one reactive compound comprises sodium percarbonate and additionally comprises an acid. 38. The method of claim 37, wherein said at least one reactive compound comprises urea hydrogen peroxide and said component comprising said at least one reactive compound further comprises a mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate. Composition. At least one surfactant; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetate acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate , And sodium percarbonate; And At least one water-soluble bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators; Wherein the at least one surfactant, the at least one reactive compound, and the at least one water soluble bleach activator are mixed with water and at least one when exposed to at least one toxant A composition used to neutralize at least one toxant, which neutralizes the toxant of. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein said at least one water soluble bleach activator is acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol A composition selected from monomethylether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate or combinations thereof. 42. The composition of claim 41, wherein said cationic surfactant comprises a quaternary ammonium salt. 44. The composition of claim 43, wherein said quaternary ammonium salt comprises benzalkonium chloride. 42. The composition of claim 41, further comprising at least one carbonate salt. 46. The composition of claim 45, wherein said at least one carbonate salt is selected from potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and potassium carbonate and combinations thereof. 42. The composition of claim 41 wherein the pH value when mixed with water ranges from about 9.6 to about 9.8. 42. The composition of claim 41, wherein the composition consists essentially of the at least one cationic surfactant, the at least one reactive compound, and the at least one water soluble bleach activator. The method of claim 1 1-10% benzalkonium chloride; 1-8% propylene glycol diacetate; 1-16% hydrogen peroxide; And 2-8% potassium bicarbonate Composition consisting of. At least one solubilizing compound selected from cationic hydrotropes and fatty alcohols containing 8-20 carbon atoms per molecule; At least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one reactive compound is hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and Selected from sodium percarbonate; And Said at least one bleach activator selected from O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleaching activation; Wherein the at least one solubilizing compound, the at least one reactive compound, and the at least one bleach activator are mixed with water and exposed to at least one toxant for at least one A composition used to neutralize at least one toxant, which neutralizes the toxant.