KR100916328B1 - Enhanced formulations for neutralization of chemical, biological and industrial toxants - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides improved formulations for neutralizing the adverse effects on the health of chemical compounds and biological compounds, in particular, chemical waarfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) and toxic industrial chemicals, and their It relates to a manufacturing method. The improved formulations according to the invention are nontoxic and noncorrosive and can be delivered in a variety of conditions, by various means. The formulations of the present invention are solubilizing compounds that play an effective role in making chemical and biological materials, particularly CW and BW compounds vulnerable, and at least one reactive compound that serves to attack (and detoxify and neutralize) the compounds. To provide. The formulations of the present invention comprise one or more solubilizers, reactive compounds and bleach activators and water.

Description

Improved neutralization preparations for chemical, biological and industrial poisons {ENHANCED FORMULATIONS FOR NEUTRALIZATION OF CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL TOXANTS}

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

This application claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 146,432, filed Jul. 29, 1999, and now abandoned June 30, 1998, "Aqueous Aqueous for Mitigation and Decontamination of Chemical and Biological Inorganic Agents." Foaming for Mitigation and Decontamination of Chemical and Biological Weapons A gents), a continuing application of US Patent Application No. 09 / 109,235, currently US Patent No. 6,566,574, filed June 29, 2000 As part of a continuing application of US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 607,586 entitled "Formulations for Neutralization of Chemical and Biological Toxants," all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The present application also discloses some of the continued applications of US Patent Application No. 09 / 607,586, filed September 14, 2001 entitled "Formulations for Neutralization of Chemical and Biological Toxants," dated June 29, 2000 " As part of the ongoing application of US Patent Application No. 09 / 952,940, current US Patent Application No. 2003/060517 entitled "Concentrated Formulations and Methods for Neutralizing Chemical and Biological Toxants", All of the above specifications are incorporated herein by reference.

This application is entitled “An Enhanced Formulation for Decontamination and Mitigation of CBW Agents and Biological Pathogens,” filed Oct. 1, 2001. U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 326,508, entitled U.S. Patent Application No. 60 / 334,271, filed November 30, 2001 entitled "Confi gurations for the Rapid Deployment of DF-200." Claiming priority interest in US Provisional Application No. 60 / 387,104, filed June 7, 2002 entitled “Decontamination Formulation,” all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

US Government Rights

The United States Government has the right to the invention in accordance with contract DE-AC04-94AL850000 issued by the United States Department of Energy.

Field of Invention (Technical Field)

The present invention relates to agents for neutralizing chemical, biological and industrial poisons.

background

The present invention relates to substances for neutralizing chemical, biological and industrial toxic compounds or agents, in particular chemical warfare and biological warfare preparations, methods for neutralizing the same and methods for preparing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to solubilizing compounds, reactive compounds and bleach activators and certain biological compounds that can be delivered as blowing agents, sprays, liquids, fogs and aerosols, in order to improve the rate of neutralization of chemical compounds. A material containing other additives capable of neutralizing or attenuating agents.

The threat of terrorists related to potential weapons of mass destruction is increasing not only in the United States but also in other countries. The use of chemical and biological agents in terms of weapons of mass destruction and the threat of their use are of great concern not only for national and regional law enforcement, but also for national security.

Certain chemical warfare ("CW") formulations known to be used to intimidate terrorists share chemical characteristics that provide opportunities to develop countermeasures. Chemical agents such as sarin, cattle, and saliva (G-agents) can all lose their toxicity when chemically modified as a representative example of a phosphorus containing compound. Mustard, an example of an H formulation, and VX, an example of a V formulation, are also nontoxic if chemically modified. In addition, some of the known BW agents include botulinum toxin, anthrax and other spore forming bacteria, plaques, including plaques, and various viruses, which can also be chemically inactivated.

CW or Biological warfare ("BW") attacks can affect people by locally or extensively spreading the agent or various agents. Because of the flexibility of placement of CW and BW ("CBW") formulations, subjects may encounter these formulations in a variety of physical conditions, including bulk, aerosol and vapor.

Domestic terrorist attacks require effective, rapid and safe (non-toxic and non-corrosive) decontamination techniques for the restoration of private facilities. Ideally, this technique should be applicable to various scenarios such as decontamination of sensitive devices as well as open, semi-closed, and closed facilities. Examples of facilities where decontamination agents can be used include playgrounds (open), subway stations (semi-closed) and airport terminals or office buildings (closed). Foaming versions are useful for extending the contact time of the formulation with respect to the vertical plane.

Decontamination of chemical compounds has mainly been concentrated on chemical warfare agents, in particular nerve agents (such as G and V agents) and blistering agents (such as mustard gas, or abbreviated mustard). Reactions involved in detoxification of chemical agents can be roughly divided into substitution reactions and oxidation reactions. Decontamination of biological agents is mainly concentrated on bacterial spores (such as anthrax) which are considered the most difficult to kill among all microorganisms. Another background art is described in US patent applications 09 / 607,586 and 09.952,940.

There is also a need for rapid, safe and effective neutralization of toxic industrial chemicals such as malathion, hydrogen cyanide, sodium cyanide, butyl isocyanate, carbon disulfide and phosgene gases.

US patent application Ser. No. 09 / 607,586 generally relates to an aqueous based decontamination technique (“DF-100”) that quickly neutralizes chemical and biological warfare (“CBW”) formulations. The composition is

Effective in neutralizing both chemical and biological preparations,

Harmless to the environment (ie non-toxic and non-corrosive),

● works well on many anticipated material surfaces,

• can be integrated into a wide range of carriers (eg blowing agents, liquid sprays, fog agents), meeting a wide range of mission objectives.

The primary beneficiaries of the use of these technologies are civilian first responders (e.g. firefighters, police, and HazMat troops who will first arrive on site in the event of attacks using CBW formulations), followed by agents for facility recovery. Those who use it. However, the DF-100 has technical problems that cannot be optimal for use by civilian first responders. These technical problems are as follows. (1) The pH of the DF-100 must be adjusted to optimally decontaminate each specific chemical and biological agent. In other words, different formulations may be required to neutralize each particular agent. Adjusting the pH of the formulation in the laboratory is relatively simple, but in situ control is difficult, and is generally not suitable for primary users of the technology (ie civilian primary responders). (2) The reaction rate for some chemical agents, ie mustards, is somewhat slower than for other chemical agents.

Due to these technical problems, the efficiency in practical use of the DF-100 is limited. U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 09 / 952,940 describes its modified formulation, DF-100A, which addresses the need for adjusting the pH for each particular formulation (ie, the first technical problem mentioned above). However, although DF-100A has improved in the performance of the formulation at certain pH, it does not completely solve this problem and does not even mention the second technical problem (ie, relatively slow reactivity to mustard). have. In addition, several versions of DF-100 / 100A may utilize short chain alcohols (eg, isobutanol, isopropanol), which can cause fire problems when the formulation is packaged in concentrated form. In addition, some versions of the DF-100 / 100A may use diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGMBE), which is on some chemical formulation sensors and detectors (especially older sensors used in some military settings). It can cause a false warning.

For comparison, the good composition of DF-100 is illustrated next.

DF-100

2.6% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

3.3% Adogen 477 (cationic hydrotrope)

0.8% 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.5% isobutanol (short chain alcohol)

1.6% isopropanol (short chain alcohol)

0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic polymer)

1.6% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (solvent)                 

4% sodium bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator)

4% Hydrogen Peroxide (Liquid Oxidizer)

75% water

The composition can be adjusted to pH 8 for optimal decontamination of mustard and anthrax spores and to pH 10.5 for optimal decontamination of VX. Decontamination of chemical agents is generally effective in any range between pH 8 and 10. For further comparison, the good composition of DF-100A is illustrated next.

DF-100A

5.3% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

2.8% Adogen 477 (cationic hydrotrope)

0.65% 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.6% isobutanol (short chain alcohol)

0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic polymer)

1.35% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (solvent)

4% potassium bicarbonate (buffers and peroxide activators)

4% Hydrogen Peroxide (Liquid Oxidizer)

81% water

The formulation can be adjusted to pH 8 for optimal decontamination of mustard and anthrax spores and to pH 10 for optimal decontamination of VX. Decontamination of chemical agents is generally effective in any range between pH 8 and 10. The pH can be adjusted to 9.2 for decontamination of all formulations less than optimal.

In both examples above for DF-100 and DF-100A, hydrogen peroxide and bicarbonate react to produce hydroperoxycarbonate (HCO ₄ ⁻ ), a highly reactive negatively charged nucleophilic compound and a powerful oxidant. Hydroxide ion (OH ^-) and hydrogen peroxide ions (OOH ^-) a nucleophilic substance charged into the other sound birothaeseo this is formed by the use of hydrogen peroxide. The function of the other components in these formulations is described in detail in US patent applications 09 / 607,586 and 09 / 952,940.

The present invention provides an improved decontamination formulation (generally referred to as "DF-200") containing a bleach activator, leading to faster reaction kinetics, improved performance, and eliminating the need for pH adjustment. Although bleach activators are commonly used as (anionic) detergents, they can be used in the present invention with cationic surfactants, where the good solubility of the activator in water is useful for shortening the reaction time. Good bleach activators for use in the present invention are preferably water soluble, non-toxic, flame retardant and inexpensive.

Glucose pentaacetate is an O-acetyl peroxide activator that has been used as an activator in sterile formulations containing cationic surfactants and inorganic peroxides (named "Sterilizing Composition for Cattle Shed" (1987)). See Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-155203. Glucose pentaacetate is solid at room temperature (ie, 110 degrees Celsius melting point), but insoluble in water. In aqueous solutions containing peroxides, it dissolves very slowly as it reacts with peroxides. If the glucose pentaacetate concentration is about 2%, it takes several hours to dissolve. As a result, its utility is poor in this field where a rapid deployment configuration is required.

Summary of the Invention

In the present invention, at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic surfactant, at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic hydrotrope, at least two solubilizing compounds, and hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, and peroxide. At least one reactive compound selected from the group consisting of sodium borate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and sodium percarbonate, and at least one bleaching activation selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators At least one solubilizing compound, at least two solubilizing compounds, at least one reactive compound and at least one bleach activator are mixed with water to neutralize the at least one poison upon exposure to the at least one poison. It relates to a formulation for neutralization. In a preferred embodiment, the cationic surfactant contains a quaternary ammonium salt, most preferably cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, or WITCO VARIQUAT 80MC ^™ , or a formulation thereof. The formulation also contains water-soluble polymers, preferably polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum (cationic or nonionic) polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, poly (ethylene oxide), glycerol, polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000), Or Jaguar 8000 ^TM (guar gum 2-hydroxypropyl ether) or a formulation thereof. The formulation also contains fatty alcohols having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, solvents (preferably di (propylene glycol) methyl ether or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or preparations thereof), and / or carbonates (preferably hydrogen carbonate Potassium, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, or potassium carbonate, or a formulation thereof). The bleach activator is preferably water soluble, acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl acetate Most preferably, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate or a formulation thereof. On the other hand, the bleach activator may be insoluble in water, preferably tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), or N-acetyl glucosamine or a formulation thereof. This agent, when mixed with water, preferably has a pH in the range of about 9.6 to about 9.7. One embodiment of the invention consists of 1-10% benzalkonium chloride, 1-8% propylene glycol diacetate, 1-16% hydrogen peroxide and 2-8% potassium hydrogen carbonate.

The present invention also relates to at least one cationic surfactant and 1 selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, and sodium percarbonate At least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl, and nitrile group bleach activators, and at least one carbonate that is not one of the at least one reactive compound, At least one surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator, and at least one carbonate are mixed with water to neutralize at least one poison upon exposure to the at least one poison. It relates to a formulation for neutralization of. In a preferred embodiment, the formulation, when mixed with water, has a pH value in the range of about 9,6 to about 9.8 and the cationic surfactant contains quaternary ammonium salts, most preferably benzalkonium chloride. The at least one carbonate is preferably potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate or potassium carbonate or a formulation thereof. One embodiment consists essentially of at least one cationic surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator, and at least one carbonate. The bleach activator is preferably water soluble, acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl acetate Most preferred is dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glyceryl diacetate, glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate or propylene glycol diacetate or formulations thereof.

The invention is also selected from the group consisting of at least one cationic surfactant and hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, and sodium percarbonate At least one surfactant, at least one reactive compound, and at least one water-soluble bleach activator selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators. At least one water soluble bleach activator relates to an agent for neutralizing at least one poison, wherein the at least one poison is neutralized when mixed with water to expose the at least one poison. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one water soluble bleach activator is acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyadobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl Ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, or propylene glycol diacetate or a formulation thereof. The cationic surfactant is preferably a quaternary ammonium salt, most preferably benzalkonium chloride. The formulation preferably contains one or more carbonates, most preferably potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bisulfate, ammonium carbonate, or potassium carbonate or a formulation thereof. This formulation, when mixed with water, has a pH value in the range of about 9.6 to about 9.8. One embodiment consists essentially of at least one cationic surfactant, at least one reactive compound, and at least one water soluble bleach activator.

The present invention also provides cationic hydrotropes and at least one solubilizing compound selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium At least one reactive compound selected from the group consisting of peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate, and sodium percarbonate, and at least one bleaching activation selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators At least one solubilizing compound, at least one reactive compound, and at least one bleach activator, mixed with water to neutralize at least one poison upon exposure to the at least one poison. It relates to a formulation for neutralization.

The invention also relates to the above formulations packaged as a kit. In a first embodiment, the kit comprises a premixed component containing two or more solubilizers, a first component containing one or more bleach activators and one or more reactive compounds. It contains two components. The first embodiment may further contain water and base, wherein the premixed component may additionally contain a water soluble polymer, and the at least one bleach activator is propylene glycol diacetate, glycerol diacetate and Preferably TAED, the premixed component may additionally contain fatty alcohols having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, and the at least one reactive compound further contains at least one reactive percarbonate It may be urea hydrogen peroxide together with the second component containing the compound, and the premixed component may additionally contain short chain alcohols. The second embodiment includes the following. A first premix component containing at least two solubilizers and water and a second premix component containing at least one bleach activator and at least one reactive compound, wherein the at least one bleach activator is in solid form. In a second embodiment, the first premixed component preferably additionally contains an acid, the at least one bleach activator preferably contains acetylcholine chloride, and the at least one reactive mixture contains urea hydrogen peroxide. Preferably, the at least one bleach activator contains TAED, and the at least one bleach activator is encapsulated to prevent pre-reaction with at least one reactive compound. The third embodiment contains premixed components containing at least two solubilizers and at least one bleach activator and components containing at least one reactive compound. In a third embodiment, the premix component may additionally contain water and acid, and the component containing at least one reactive compound may contain sodium percarbonate and additionally acid, and at least one The reactive compound may contain urea hydrogen peroxide together with a component containing at least one reactive compound that additionally contains a mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate.

The objects, advantages and novelties of the present invention and the additionally usable scope are set forth in part in the following detailed description, including the drawings, in which: Will be taught by. The objects and advantages of the invention may be practiced and achieved by means and combinations particularly pointed out in the claims.

Description of Good State

( Best mode for carrying out the invention)

The present invention is directed to a request for a general formulation for neutralizing the adverse effects of either or both chemical and biological toxins, wherein the toxants, if left untreated, may affect their chemical or It is defined as any chemical or biological compound, component, species, or agent that kills, temporarily renders, or permanently injures a human or animal through biological action. Poisons, regardless of their origin or method of manufacture, encompass all such chemical or biological agents, whether manufactured at dispensing sites or in munitions. Neutralization is defined as mitigating, detoxifying, decontaminating or otherwise destroying a poison so that the poison no longer causes acute adverse effects on humans or animals. The formulations of the invention and the variants described can neutralize the poison and by themselves do not cause infection, serious health effects or death in the animal.

One important part of the chemical and biological compounds covered in the present invention are chemical warfare ("CW") and biological warfare ("BW") formulations. However, the present invention also deals with poisons that may have potential adverse health effects, including infection, acute and chronic effects on health and death in animals including humans. These poisons can be found in agricultural facilities, animals or dairy farms, or food manufacturing processing or packaging facilities. In addition, the present invention is itself non-toxic and non-corrosive, and is a request for such agents that can be delivered in various states by various means. US patent applications 09 / 607,586 and 09 / 952,940 describe this embodiment. The present invention presents additional embodiments that are substantially different from both prior art and previous embodiments, as described below.

In the present invention, "formulation" means an activated product or solution applied to the surface or body, with or without adding a gas (such as air) to produce a foam for neutralization purposes ( For example an aqueous solution). Unless otherwise stated, the concentrations, components or components listed herein are relative to the weight percentage of the total active solution. As used herein, the term "water" broadly encompasses all pure water, tap water, deionized water, demineralized water, brine or other liquids consisting mainly of H ₂ O.

An example of a minimal set of components of the DF-200 formulation that can achieve significant rate of spore kills includes the following four components.

 (1) a solubilizer selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants (eg Variquat 80MC), cationic hydrotropes (eg Adogen 477), and fatty alcohols (eg 1-dodecanol),

 (2) a bleach activator selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group peroxide activators (eg propylene glycol diacetate),

 (3) reactive compounds (eg, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid),

 (4) water.

Solubilizers make the poisons more susceptible to attack, reactive compounds attack and neutralize the poisons, and bleach activators facilitate this process.

Suitable cationic surfactants include quaternary ammonium salts and polymeric quaternary salts. Suitable quaternary ammonium salts include cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts, and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide. Preferred cationic surfactants are WITCO VARIQUAT 80MC ^™, which is a mixture of benzyl (C12-C16) alkyldimethylammonium chloride. The quaternary ammonium salt concentration used in the DF-200 formulation should be about 10% or less because at higher concentrations the quaternary ammonium salt becomes very toxic to humans and the environment.

Examples of suitable cationic hydrotropes include tetrapentyl ammonium bromide, triacetyl methyl ammonium bromide and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide. Preferred cationic hydrotropes are WITCO ADGEN 477 ^™ , which is pentamethyltallow alkyltrimethylenediammonium dichloride.

Examples of suitable fatty alcohols include alcohols having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, such as 1-dodecanol, pure dodecanol, hexadecanol and 1-tetradecanol.

Examples of suitable bleach activators are described below.

Examples of suitable reactive compounds include peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium carbonate perhydrate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate hydrogen, peroxide adducts of pyrophosphate, citrate , Sodium sulfate, urea and sodium silicate, activated peroxides (eg hydrogen peroxide + bicarbonate), peracetic acid, oxymates (eg butane-2,3-dione, monooxymate ions and benzohydroxamate), alkoxides (eg, Methoxide and ethoxide), aryloxides (such as aryl substituted benzenesulfonates), aldehydes (such as glutaraldehyde), peroxymonosulfates, Fenton's reagents (mixtures of iron and peroxides), and sodium hypochlorite. Can be. The use of such reactive compounds in DF-200 formulations results in the combination of various negatively charged nucleophilic materials such as hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ) and hydrogen peroxide ((OOH ⁻ ), and / or hydrogen peroxide when combined with carbonates. Hyde chloroperoxybenzoic carbonate ions are produced (HCO ₄ ^-) may be produced hydroperoxide oxy carbonate ions (HCO ₄ ^-). are hydroxide ions (OH ^-) or peroxide ion (OOH ^-) is a more powerful oxidizing agent than, biological poison Particularly effective at reaction with hydrogen peroxide in the DF-200 formulation, its concentration is preferably less than about 10%, since higher concentrations are particularly corrosive, especially at hydrogen peroxide concentrations in the range of 30-50%.

To increase the rates of spore kill, it is advisable to add carbonates (eg, sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate) to the minimum set of components of the DF-200 formulation described above. When peroxides (such as hydrogen peroxide) are used as reactive compounds for DF-200, the added carbonates, for example, combine with hydrogen peroxide to form highly reactive hydroperoxycarbonate species (HCO ₄ ⁻ ). The addition of carbonate can also buffer the formulation to optimize pH.

Thus, the minimum set of components of the DF-200 for very high spore killing rate may contain the following five components.

 (1) a solubilizer selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants (eg Variquat 80MC), cationic hydrotropes (eg Adogen 477) and fatty alcohols (eg 1-dodecanol),

 (2) a bleach activator selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group peroxide activators (eg propylene glycol diacetate),

 (3) reactive compounds (eg, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, etc.),

 (4) carbonates (such as sodium hydrogen carbonate),

 (5) water.

Examples of suitable carbonates include potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and potassium carbonate.

1 shows the results of decontamination experiments for Bacillus Globigii spores (initial concentration 10 ⁷ spores / ml). These spores were exposed for 1 hour to four sub-combinations of different combinations of the components of DF-200 (the pH of formulation was 9.8). Spore killing was measured by culturing living organisms. As shown in FIG. 3, significant spore killing was achieved by using the following two different combinations. (1) an aqueous solution of 2% Variquat (cationic surfactant), 2% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator), and 2% hydrogen peroxide (oxidant) and (2) 2% Variquat (cationic surfactant), 5% Aqueous solution of potassium hydrogencarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator) and 2% hydrogen peroxide (oxidant). However, very high spore killing can be achieved by the third combination: (3) 2% Variquat (cationic surfactant), 2% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator), 5% potassium hydrogencarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator) And an aqueous solution of 2% hydrogen peroxide (oxidant).

DF-200HF (High Foaming Agent: High Foam)

The present invention provides an improved decontamination formulation for high foaming agent applications ("DF200-HF"). An example of the combination of DF-200HF contains the following.

DF-200HF (High Foaming Agent)

1 ~ 4% (preferably 2%) Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

0.5 ~ 3% (preferably 1%) Adogen 477 (cationic hydrotrop)

0.2-0.8% (preferably 0.4%) 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.05 ~ 0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic water soluble polymer)

0.5% di (propylene glycol) methyl ether (solvent)

0.1 to 10% (preferably 1 to 4%) hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

0.1-10% (preferably 2-8%) bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator)

1-4% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

67 ~ 97% water

This formulation is effective at a pH value of 7.5 to 10.5. This formulation is adjustable in the pH range of 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal decontamination of all target formulations. The “High-foam” formulations here contain a cationic water soluble polymer (eg Jaguar 8000 ^™ ) which increases the overall viscosity of the solution, making the foam more stable.

Suitable nonionic water soluble polymers include polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum (cationic or nonionic), polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG8000), and Jaguar 8000 ^TM (guar gum 2-fed) Oxypropyl ether). Cationic polymers are better than nonionic polymers and anionic polymers have poor performance in the present invention. Fatty alcohol, 1-dodecanol, increases the surface viscosity of the foaming lamellae, which also enhances stability against drainag and foam collapse.

DF-200LF (Low Foaming Agent: Low Foam)

The present invention provides an improved decontamination formulation for low foaming agent applications ("DF-200LF"). Examples of DF-200LF formulations include the following.

DF-200LF (Low Foaming Agent: Low Foam)

4% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

0.4% Lauramid DEA [N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -dodecanamide] (foam booster)

1-4% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

0.05 ~ 0.1% Jaguar 8000 (cationic water soluble polymer)

0.5% di (propylene glycol) methyl ether (solvent)

0.05 ~ 0.1% Jaguar 8000 Polymer (Cation Water Soluble Polymer)

0.1 to 10% (preferably 1 to 4%) hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

0.1-10% (preferably 2-8%) bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator)

71 ~ 94% water

This formulation is generally effective in the pH 7.5 to 10.5 range. This formulation is adjustable in the pH range of 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal decontamination of all target formulations.

"High Foam" here refers to the ability of an agent to form a highly stable and sustainable foaming agent, while "Low Foam" forms a much less stable foaming agent. The following table shows the improved performance of the DF-200HF and DF-200LF compared to the DF-100A. The indication "ND" refers to the concentration being below the lower limit of detection, and "PGD" refers to propylene glycol diacetate (a good bleach activator).

   Summary of reaction rates for Musttard simulant (2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide) Formulation Mustard mimetics (% decontamination) 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes DF-100A (pH 8) 18 42 81 DF-100A (pH 9.2) 16 38 83 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 42 62 ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4% Bicarb) 94 98 ND DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 55 91 ND

      Summary of reaction rates for VX mimetics (O-ethyl S-ethyl phenylphosphonothioate) Formulation VX mimetics (% decontamination) 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes DF-100A (pH 10) 45 99 ND DF-100A (pH 9.2) 33 71 93 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 63 98 ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4% Bicarb) 66 99 ND DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb) 79 98 ND

          Summary of Response Rate for G Formulation Mimic (Diphenyl Chlorophosphate)  Formulation      G formulation mimetics (% decontamination)      1 minute     15 minutes    60 minutes  DF-100A (pH 8)      53      ND     ND  DF-100A (pH 9.2)      ND      ND     ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb)      ND      ND     ND DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4% Bicarb)      ND      ND     ND DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb)      ND      ND     ND

          Summary of response rates for anthrax mimetics (Bacillus globigii spores)  Formulation   Anthrax mimetics   Anthrax mimetics   Death after 30 minutes   % Death after 60 minutes  DF-100A (pH 8)     99.99     99.99999  DF-100A (pH 9.2)     90     99.9 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb)     99.99999     99.99999 DF-200LF (2.5% PGD / 3% H ₂ O ₂ / 4.5% Bicarb)     99.99999     99.99999

The differences between the DF-200 and DF-100 / 100A formulations are as follows:

DF-200 is active against all formulations at a single pH. The formulation is effective at a pH of about 7.5 to 10.5, more effective at a pH of about 9.2 to 9.8, and most effective at a pH of about 9.6 to 9.8.

The DF-200 has better performance against mustard.

DF-200 has better performance against bacterial spores.

DF-200 has a lower concentration of both cationic surfactants and / or cationic hydrotropes, which further reduces the toxicity and corrosive properties of the formulation (although already low).

DF-200 has a lower concentration of foaming stability component, 1-dodecanol.

• DF-200 does not use short-chain alcohols (eg isobutanol, isopropanol) which cause flammability problems when the formulation is packaged in concentrated form.

The DF-200 does not use diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGMBE), which can cause false alarms on some chemical agent sensors and detectors (especially older sensors used in some military devices).

DF-200 may contain low levels of hydrogen peroxide, which further reduces the (already low) toxicity and corrosion properties of the formulation.

Additional differences between the DF-200 and the DF-100A include:

DF-200 exhibits optimal performance at higher pH (about 9.6 to 9.8) compared to DF-100A. However, it should be appreciated that this is not the typical pH used in general household products such as apparel detergents, shampoos, and dishwashing detergents.

• The DF-200 has more individual components (such as hydrogen peroxide and bleach activator) that must be stored separately from the entire formulation before use, compared to DF-100A (only one component hydrogen peroxide must be stored separately). This is explained in more detail later.

One reason for the better performance of DF-200 formulations (eg DF-200HF and DF-200LF) compared to DF-100 and DF-100A formulations is by the addition of bleach activators (eg, propylene glycol diacetate). Bleach activators can be compounds with O- or N-linked acetyl groups, which react with strong nucleophilic ions (OOH ⁻ ) to produce the peroxide species, which is a much more effective oxidant than hydrogen peroxide alone.

Since the 1950s, various kinds of bleach activators have been used not only in commercial detergents for clothes but also in other commercial products. The most common activators are tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), which is used mainly in Europe and Asia, and n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), which is used mainly in the United States. NOBS is a proprietary chemical from Proctor and gamble company. In apparel detergents, hydrogen peroxide is provided in solid form (usually as sodium perborate, which reacts with water to form hydroxy anions). The addition of bleach activators significantly improves the cleaning power of clothing cleaners that remove stains from clothing.

It should be recognized that TAED and NOBS bleach activators are extremely insoluble in water (eg, TAED is only 0.1% soluble at 25 ° C.). To solve this problem in clothing detergents, solid TAED or NOBS particles are maintained as a suspension by the stirring action of the washing machine where hydrogen peroxide reacts slowly in the detergent. However, in situ agitation of the DF-200 formulation presents a problem in use. Thus, water soluble bleach activators are preferred.

Useful water soluble bleach activators include short-chain organic compounds containing ester linkages, such as ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate ( Diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, and propylene glycol diacetate. A good water soluble bleach activator is propylene glycol diacetate (PGD) represented by the following formula.

This molecule reacts with peroxide ions (OOH ⁻ ) without ester bonds to produce two peroxide molecules.

Propylene glycol diacetate acts as an organic solvent very effective in solubilizing insoluble organic molecules (such as chemical preparations, foam stabilizers / foam boosters, such as 1-dodecanol and lauramid DEA). Thus, the additional function of this compound is to enhance the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DEGMBE) solvents used in DF-100 and DF-100A, or di (propylene glycol) methyl ether used in some DF-200 formulations. By being used to enhance solvents, propylene glycol diacetate is intended to achieve a dual purpose (ie solvent and bleach activator).

Bleach activators are generally not stable in water for long periods of time. This is especially true when the pH of the aqueous solution is high (> 10). Thus, for extended storage periods, propylene glycol diacetate (or other bleach activator) should be stored separately from aqueous solutions until use. This is no different from other products using bleach activators (eg, clothing detergents), in which all components of the formulation are kept dry and kept separate until use (for clothing detergents, the bleach activator is a peroxide component Encapsulated to prevent reaction with both components and only mixed in water).

Another example of a water soluble bleach activator is ethylene glycol diacetate, which works well in DF-200 formulations. However, when ethylene glycol diacetate reacts with hydrogen peroxide, it forms ethylene glycol (ie, cryoprotectant), which is a relatively toxic byproduct. Propylene glycol diacetate, on the other hand, does not produce this relatively toxic byproduct.

DF-200NF (non-foaming)

The present invention is a non-foaming agent that can be used in certain applications such as, for example, the kill of Biological organisms, batch processing (such as chemical demilitarization neutralization processes, ie solution baths), or spray application ("DF-200NF ") Is about. Preferred embodiments of this formulation contain the following (example amounts).

DF-200NF (non-foaming agent)

1-10% (preferably 2.5%) benzalkonium chloride (cationic surfactant)

1-8% propylene glycol diacetate (bleach activator)

1 ~ 16% hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

2-8% potassium hydrogen carbonate (buffer and peroxide activator)

65.5 ~ 93.5% water

The formulation can be adjusted to a pH value in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 for optimal performance, which is effective for decontamination of all target formulations.

DF-100E

The present invention is an improved version of DF-100A using polyethylene glycol diacetate bleach activator. Preferred embodiments of this improved formulation, ("DF-100E), include the following (example amounts).

DF-100E

5.3% Variquat 80mc

2.8% Adogen 477
0.65% 1-dodecanol

0.5% Isobutanol

0.1% Jaguar 8000

1.35% Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether

2 ~ 8% bicarbonate

1-4% hydrogen peroxide

1-4% propylene glycol diacetate

73 ~ 85% water

In order to perform optimally for all formulations, this formulation may be adjusted to a pH value ranging from about 9.6 to 9.8. The performance of DF-100E (2% PGD / 3.00% H ₂ O ₂ /3.75% bicarbonate) on chemical mimetics is shown in Table 5 below.

     Summary of Response Rates for DF-100 Formulations in Kinetic Testing  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 83 92 ND  G formulation ND ND ND VX 66 96 MD

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-100E.

Other bleach activators (such as water insoluble NOBS or TAED) can be used in place of propylene glycol diacetate in DF-100E. However, as mentioned above, this produces a slurry mixture instead of a pure liquid solution.

The table below summarizes some of the differences between the DF-100, DF-100A, DF-100E, DF-200HF, DF-200LF, DF-200NF and DF-200HF slurries.

                          Comparison of various decontamination agents Formulation pH regulation requirement Enhanced kinetics Reduction of flammable components Very stable foam formation Brine can be used for replenished water DF-100 Y N N Y N DF-100A N N N Y N DF-100E N Y N Y Y DF-200HF N Y Y Y Y DF-200LF N Y Y N Y DF-200NF N Y Y N Y DF-200HF- Slurry N Y Y Y Y

Kit composition

In the following paragraphs, various examples of two-, three- and four-part "kit" configurations are shown for different examples of DF-200 formulations. In general, two- and three-piece kits have large amounts of water that is “pre-packaged” in one of two (or three) containers (typically foaming components). This allows for rapid deployment of decontamination solutions, use of small scale units (eg knapsack), and requires no extra water provided in the art.

In contrast, four part kits generally require the addition of make-up water at or near the site of contamination. This makes the "packaging" containing the other three parts much lighter, making it easier to mail and store. However, there is a need for supplements in this area (saline available areas).

In general, depending on the application, a DF-200 formulation can be formed with or without a large amount of “prepackaged” water.

DF-200HF (kit construction)

The DF-200HF formulation can be configured as a four part kit and then prepared for field use (example amount) as follows.

DF-200HF (4-part Kit)

Part A (foaming agent concentration)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g b-dodecanol

1 g Jaguar 8000 Polymer

5 g di (propylene glycol) methyl ether

7.5 g potassium bicarbonate

141 g water

Part B (solid components)

50 g sodium percarbonate

50 g urea hydrogen peroxide

C part (bleach activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

D part (water supplemented)

800 g water

In an embodiment of the four part configuration, "packing" (ie, part A, B and C) does not include a large amount of water, which reduces the packaging weight for transportation and storage. Here, the water to be replenished (part D) is supplied at or near the site of contamination. The pH of the formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. The formulation will produce one liter of "high" blowing agent solution. In this embodiment, sodium percarbonate supplies hydrogen peroxide, some bicarbonate, and a base for a buffer solution. The urea hydrogen peroxide is fed a residue of hydrogen peroxide. In this example, the total hydrogen peroxide concentration is about 3%. The viscosity of the formulation can be adjusted to about 4-9 mm ² / s.

Various other methods in the field can be used to mix the DF-200HF formulation, which is formed as a four part kit. for example,

Method 1 Feed supplemented water (part D), then mix part B and D. Then, the C part and the A part are added to the B part + the D part. It is recommended to use within 8 hours.

Method 2 Mix part C into part A. Supply the water to be replenished (part D). Then mix part B with part D. Keep it until you use it. When using, A part + C part is mixed with B part + D part. It is recommended to use within 8 hours after the first mixing of part B + D and A + C.

In general, it is recommended to use the activated DF-200 formulation within 8 hours after mixing, but it may be effective for more than 24 hours. DF-200HF (high blowing agent) is applied to the surface for an extended period of time, then cleaned and removed. However, DF-200 (low blowing agent) can be used in a different way than DF-100 / 100A and DF-200HF formulations. Instead of leaving DF-200LF on the surface for long periods of time, it can be applied to the surface, remaining for a relatively short period of time (such as 15-60 minutes) and then removed by high pressure fresh water or brine spraying. This reduces corrosiveness of the applied material and would be particularly useful for decontamination aircraft and other devices in which corrosives are involved. This can reduce the time required for decontamination and is particularly advantageous for military use (on battlefields or on fixed sites).

For DF-200 formulations saline may also be effectively used as the supplemented water (part D). The table below shows the results of kinetics experiments with DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.50% H ₂ O ₂ /4.0% bicarbonate) with saline (˜35,000 ppm total dissolved solids).

 Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes mustard 24 42 89  G formulation ND ND ND VX 62 96 > 99

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 1 hour exposure to DF-200HF by brine used as supplemental water.

Surface experiments were performed with DF-200HF against Mustard and VX mimetics. For this experiment, 8 rng mimetics were applied to a 2 "diameter test coupon made with Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC). CARC is commonly used to paint military vehicles to protect military vehicles from chemical attack. After waiting 1 hour, the test coupon was placed in a horizontal position and covered with 1.0 g DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O 2 /4.0% bicarbonate) After 60 minutes, the test coupon was placed for 15 minutes. The unreacted mimetics were extracted from the surface by immersion in 25 ml of acetonitrile, and then the extraction solvent (acetonitrile) was analyzed for the unreacted mimetics. The decontamination of the coupon proved more effective.

                  Surface Experiment Results of DF-200HF on CARC Decon formulation Mg VX mimetic (unreacted mimetic on surface after 60 minutes) Mustard mimics mg (unreacted mimetics on the surface after 60 min) Control 8.0 ± 0.3 8.0 ± 0.3 DF-100A (pH 9.2) 2.9 4.5 DF-200HF (2% PGD / 3.5% H ₂ O ₂ /4.0% Bicarb) 1.4 2.5

DF-200HF Slurry (kit composition)

Insoluble bleach activators (such as TAED, NOBS and N-acetyl glucosamine) can be used in place of (water-soluble) propylene glycol diacetate for the DF-200 formulation. In this case, however, the formulation, when mixed with water, becomes a slurry, not a true aqueous solution.

The present invention also provides a method of producing a reactive slurry using an insoluble solid bleach activator (eg, TAED), where the slurry is defined as a mixture similar to water, including insoluble, undissolved materials. This embodiment, "DF-200HF slurry" is a variant of the DF-200HF formulation. The implementation state of the four part kit structure is shown below (example amount).

DF-200HF Slurry (4-Part Kit)

Part A (foaming agent concentration)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

1 g Jaguar 8000 Polymer

5 g di (propylene glycol) methyl ether

7.5 g potassium bicarbonate

161 g water

Part B (solid components)

50 g sodium percarbonate

50 g urea hydrogen peroxide

C part (bleach activator)

10 g TAED (preferably a capsule TAED like Warwick B637)

D part (water supplemented)

800 g water (may be fresh water or brine provided on site)

The above formulation will produce one liter of blowing agent solution. To maximize performance, the pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8. The following mixing method can be used. Mix part B with part D. Then, add part C and part A to part B + D. Use within 8 hours.

The performance for each chemical formulation mimetic for DF-200HF slurry (1% TAED / 3% H ₂ O ₂ /4% bicarbonate) is shown in Table 9.

        Summary of reaction rates for DF-200HF slurry formulations in kinetic experiments. Note that improved performance can be achieved by using high concentrations of TAED (eg, 2% TAED instead of 1% TAED).  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 67 96 ND  G formulation ND ND ND VX 33 95 MD

The above examples of different implementations of the DF-200 typically provide a deployment device and facilitate the use of a source of replenished water (e.g., for military use to decontaminate 'fixed sites' such as air bases and ports). It is used to reduce the volume of 'prepackaged' water in order to reduce the weight of the formulations that are used for a wide range of operations or to be transported and stored.

DF-200 Rapid Deployment Configuration

The present invention is directed to configurations using construction and / or small batch devices (eg, portable units, backpack units or units mounted on small dollies) that enhance the rapid deployment of DF-200 formulations. In the field, all water is "prepackaged" in formulation, so no additional water is needed in the field. The first example of a three part kit configuration for the quick batch version of the DF-200HF is the "DF-200HF quick batch # 1." "Includes (the amount of examples).

DF-200HF Quick Batch # 1 (3-Part Kit)

A part (liquid blowing agent component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

5 g poly (ethylene oxide)

8 g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5 g isobutanol

45 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

About 19 g potassium hydroxide (the pH of Part A should be about 10.2)

933 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

C part (liquid bleach activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

This configuration produces 1 liter of blowing agent solution. The pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. The following mixing method can be used. Mix part B and part A. After dissolving urea hydrogen peroxide, the C portion is added to the A portion + B portion. Use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF rapid batch against chemical agent mimetics is shown in Table 10 below:

       DF-200HF Response Rate in Kinetic Experiments with Rapid Batch # 1 Configuration  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 48 82 ND  G formulation ND ND ND VX 71 97 > 99

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF rapid batch.

An illustrative embodiment of a good mixing procedure for the first embodiment of the rapid deployment configuration of the DF-200HF is shown in FIG. 2. Urea hydrogen peroxide dissolves quickly in water. Thus, the preparation of such formulations in a very short time at an incident site involving chemical warfare or biological warfare agents intended to be used for civilian primary responders (firefighters, HazMat troops, police, etc.) who will first arrive on the site in a CBW attack and / or for military use. Can be manufactured and deployed.

However, certain bleach activators (propylene glycol diacetates) used in this formulation are not stable in aqueous solutions with a pH above about 9.9. Therefore, it is important to mix the appropriate ingredients in the correct order. For example, if the C portion is mixed before the B portion is added to the A portion, there may be some loss of activity in the DF-200HF because propylene glycol diacetate is exposed to a solution having a pH value> 9.0. However, in the case where the B portion is added before the C portion is added to the A portion, when the B portion is added to the A portion, the pH of the A portion + B portion is about 9.9 or less, so that no loss of activity occurs.

The solvent, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, used in the A part (foaming agent solution) of the first embodiment shown above for DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1, was previously described with the DF-200HF formulation (di (propylene glycol) methyl Ether). This is because di (propylene glycol) methyl ether is not stable in the high pH environment required for the blowing agent component (part A) in the rapid batch configuration. Note also that short chain alcohols (ie isobutanol) have been added to the blowing agent component (part A) in DF-200HF's Quick Batch Configuration # 1. The low molecular weight alcohol in the high concentration composition of DF-200HF can cause flammability problems, while in the low concentration composition described herein. In addition, the use of isobutanol helps the solubility of 1-dodecanol in the A portion and improves the kinetics (chemical reactivity) of the formulation. In addition, it is preferable that the formulation uses a polymer, poly (ethylene oxide), which is different from the polymer used in other initially described DF-200 formulations (ie Jaguar 8000). These alternative polymers are used because Jaguar 800 is not stable to the liquid blowing agent portion (part A) in high pH environments in rapid batch formulations. Accordingly, preferred formulations for DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1 include the following.

DF-200HF Quick Placement # 1

1 ~ 4% (preferably 2%) Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

0.5 ~ 3% (preferably 1%) adogen 477 (cationic surfactant)

0.2-0.8% (preferably 0.4%) 1-dodecanol (fatty alcohol)

0.5-8% (preferably 0.5%) poly (ethylene glycol) (polymer)

0.6 ~ 1.2% (preferably 0.8%) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (solvent)

0-1% (preferably 0.5%) Isobutanol (short chain alcohol)

0.1-10% (preferably 2-8%) bicarbonate (buffer and peroxide activator)

0.1 to 10% (preferably 1 to 4%) hydrogen peroxide (oxidizing agent)

0.1 ~ 10% (preferably 1 ~ 4%) Propylene Glycol Diacetate (bleach activator)

52 ~ 97% water

The formulation can be adjusted to a pH value ranging from about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance, which is effective for decontamination of all target formulations.

The second embodiment of the three-part kit configuration of the quick batch version of the DF-200HF, "DF-200HF quick batch # 2", includes the following (example amount).

DF-200HF Quick Batch # 2 (3-Part Kit)

A part (liquid blowing agent component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

20 g polyethylene glycol 8000 polymer

8 g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5 g isobutanol

50 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

About 25 g potassium hydroxide (the pH of Part A should be about 10.2)

933 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

C part (liquid bleach activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

In this second embodiment, polyethylene glycol 8000 polymer replaced the poly (ethylene oxide) polymer used in DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1.

The third embodiment of the three-part kit configuration for the quick batch version of the DF-200HF, "DF-200HF Quick Batch # 3", includes the following (example amount).

DF-200HF Quick Placement # 3 (3-Part Kit)

A part (liquid blowing agent component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

20 g polyethylene glycol 8000 polymer

10 g hexylene glycol

45 g potassium carbonate

5 g potassium bicarbonate

700 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

83 g Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

C part (liquid bleach activator)

20 g glycol diacetate (ie diacetin)

In the third embodiment, the polyethylene glycol 8000 polymer replaced the poly (ethylene oxide) polymer used in DF-200HF Rapid Batch # 1 as a water soluble polymer. In addition, hexylene glycol replaced diethylene glycone monobutyl ether and isobutanol used as solvent. Finally, glycol diacetate (ie diacetin) replaced the propylene glycol diacetate used as bleach activator. These changes in the third embodiment are due to the evaporation of the most volatile components, especially at high ambient storage temperatures, the very long term (months to years) of the liquid foam component (part A) The use of short-chain alcohols and / or high vapor pressure solvents was reduced or eliminated to prevent problems that could be caused by shelf life. Selecting 45 g potassium carbonate and 5 g potassium hydrogen carbonate to obtain an adequate amount of both carbonates / bicarbonates Fed and pH adjusted appropriately. Alternatively, 50 g potassium hydrogen carbonate can be used (without potassium carbonate), and then an appropriate amount of potassium hydroxide (base) can be added to improve the pH to the previously required value.

DF-200HF Slurry Quick Batch

In addition, the present invention relates to a two part kit configuration (“DF-200HF slurry rapid batch”) in a quick batch run state of a DF-200HF slurry run state, wherein TAED (or other solid peroxide activator) is used as a bleach activator. Used. In addition, this embodiment of the quick batch configuration does not require additional water in the field (example amount).

DF-200HF-Slurry Quick Batch (2-Part Kit)

A part (liquid blowing agent component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

5 g poly (ethylene glycol)

8 g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5 g isobutanol

50 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

28 g potassium hydroxide (the pH of part A should be about 10.4)

953 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

30 g TAED (preferably capsule like Warwick ingernational B637)

This formulation produces 1 liter of effervescent solution. To maximize performance, the pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8. The formulations can be mixed using the following process. Mix part A and B. Then, wait at least one minute before using the TAED to react with hydrogen peroxide. Use within 8 hours. It is useful that TAED does not dissolve immediately in water and remains solid particles for at least 15-20 minutes. Thus, filters or screens may be needed to prevent the TAED particles from damaging or clogging other parts of the batch apparatus or the pump. However, about one minute after adding TAED particles from part B to part A, the preparation is ready for use.

There are two reasons to use the capsule type of TAED in the above configuration. As a first reason, the protective coating (dissolves slowly in water) protects the TAED and therefore does not react with urea hydrogen peroxide during storage. As a second reason, the coating protects the TAED from the high pH state of the A portion until the urea hydrogen peroxide is dissolved and the pH of the formulation drops below about 9.9. In protecting the activator against exposure to high pH solutions, TAED should be used in a manner similar to propylene glycol diacetate. TAED will lose most of its performance as a bleach activator when exposed to solutions with a pH above 9.9. Therefore, by using the capsule TAED, it is possible to reduce the exposure to the high pH state immediately after mixing the B portion with the A portion. The performance of the DF-200HF slurry rapid batch against the chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 11 below.

         Reaction Rate in Kinetic Experiments of DF-200HF Slurry Rapid Batch Formulations  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 76 97 ND  G formulation ND ND ND VX 57 97 MD

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF slurry rapid batch.

An illustrative embodiment of the method of mixing the DF-200HF slurry rapid batch is shown in FIG. 3.

The above are just a few examples of rapid batch configurations for DF-200 formulations. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, other rapid deployment configurations are possible using the basic considerations described in this application.

The present invention also relates to a method for producing the foam component (part A) of the above quick batch configuration. The implementation state of this method is as follows.

1. Add the appropriate mass of water to the mixing vessel.

2. Add bicarbonate while stirring the water in the mixing vessel. Stir until completely dissolved.

3. Slowly add poly (ethylene glycol) polymer to the mixing vessel with rapid stirring. Be careful not to have lumps. Stir for at least about 30 minutes.

4. Add Variquat 80MC while stirring the effervescent solution in the mixing vessel. Stir until completely mixed.

6. In a separate vessel mix diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, isobutanol and 1-dodecanol. The mixture is slowly added to the effervescent solution with stirring.

7. While stirring the effervescent solution in the mixing vessel, slowly add solid KOH until the pH reaches an appropriate value.

Alternative DF-200 Formulation

The invention also relates to the following alternative DF-200 formulations.

1. an alternative formulation comprising propylene glycol to lower the freezing point of a solution,

2. Alternative preparations using sodium percarbonate as a solid source of hydrogen peroxide,

3. Alternative formulations comprising corrosion inhibitors ,

4. Alternative formulations comprising glycerol as a viscosity builder for surgery such as skin decontamination,

5. Alternative formulations using O-acetyl bleach activators, including those that can be used as a solid

6. Alternative formulations using bleach activators containing nitrile groups .

DF-200 with propylene glycol

The following is the first embodiment of a two part kit configuration for DF-200HF containing propylene glycol as freezing point depressant, where all water is "prepackaged" in part A, and the following ingredients (example amounts) Include.

DF-200HF Rapid Placement with Propylene Glycol, First Run State (2-Part Kit)

A part (liquid foam component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

20 g poly (ethylene glycol) ( MW 8000)

8 g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5 g isobutanol

4 g 1-dodecanol

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

150 g propylene glycol ( freezing point depressant )

Approx. 6 g of 10% HCl solution (sufficient to provide final pH 2.5 in Part A)

777 g water

Part B (solid additives)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

12 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

38 g potassium carbonate (buffer, adjusts final pH)

The formulation produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ratio of potassium carbonate to potassium hydrogen carbonate used in part B can be adjusted to the final pH of the formulation desired (preferably between about 9.6 and about 9.8). Thus, in this embodiment, potassium carbonate serves as the base and source of carbonate / bicarbonate. In order to prepare this formulation, part B is mixed into part A. Use within 8 hours. Table 12 shows the performance of the first embodiment of DF-200HF with propylene glycol against the chemical formulation mimetics.

  Reaction Rate from Kinetic Experiments of DF-200HF with Propylene Glycol (First Run State)  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 16 80 ND  G formulation ND ND ND VX 66 90 > 99

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF with propylene glycol (first run).

When all water is "prepackaged" in part A, it consists of only two parts, so that the preparation to be used can be mixed in a short time. Therefore, it can be deployed very quickly at the event site, including chemical warfare and biological warfare agents.

This configuration is ideal for first responders (firefighters, HazMat troops, police, etc.) who will arrive on site for the first time in a CBW attack. However, it is heavier when transported than other configurations where water is added on site.

This configuration may also mix the bleach activator, propylene glycol diacetate, into the foaming component A portion (better than storing each, third component). This is possible because the pH of the foaming component is less than 3. Propylene glycol diacetate is hydrolyzed in solutions above pH 3, but stable in solutions below pH 3. This configuration may utilize polyethylene glycol polymer (PEG 8000) for viscosity enhancement. This polymer is used in a variety of cosmetics and is soluble and stable in water. Also, because there is no tendency to clump, mixing is easier than with Jaguar 8000 or polymer poly (ethylene oxy).

This configuration includes propylene glycol as the freezing point depressant. Propylene glycol is considered an environmentally friendly antifreeze. In this case, the concentration is about 15% by weight and the freezing point of the A portion is lowered to about -20 ° C. This configuration has been tested with good results with propylene glycol at concentrations as high as 40% by weight.

As an alternative to the first embodiment of DF-200HF with propylene glycol as indicated above, sodium percarbonate is used instead of using urea hydrogen peroxide as part of the peroxide and bicarbonate source in part B. Since sodium percarbonate is much cheaper than urea hydrogen peroxide, it is useful to use such substitutes. The 2nd embodiment of DF-200HF by propylene glycol is shown below (example amount).

DF-200HF Rapid Placement with Propylene Glycol, First Run State (2-Part Kit)

A part (liquid foam component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

20 g poly (ethylene glycol) ( MW 8000)

8 g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5 g isobutanol

4 g 1-dodecanol

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

150 g propylene glycol ( freezing point depressant )

Approx. 6 g of 10% HCl solution (sufficient to provide final pH 2.5 in Part A)

777 g water

Part B (solid additives)

90 g sodium percarbonate

15 g citric acid (buffer, adjusts final pH)

The formulation produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. The following mixing method can be used. Mix part B into part A. It is recommended to use within 8 hours. Alternatively, sodium hydrogen sulphate (usually a pool conditioning chemical) or other acid can be used in place of citric acid to adjust the pH. Table 13 shows the performance of the second embodiment (using sodium percarbonate) of DF-200HF with propylene glycol against the chemical formulation mimetic.

        Reaction Rate from Kinetic Experiments of DF-200HF with Propylene Glycol (Using Sodium Percarbonate)  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 80 ND ND VX 76 96 > 99

In general, sodium percarbonate dissolves much more slowly than urea hydrogen peroxide after being added to the A portion. However, to increase the dissolution rate, sodium percarbonate can be ground to about 100 mesh size for this configuration. The use of ground sodium percarbonate can reduce the time it takes to dissolve sodium percarbonate from about 2 minutes to about 30 minutes.

DF-200 with corrosion inhibitor

Corrosion inhibitors can be added to the DF-200 formulation to reduce their corrosiveness. A good corrosion inhibitor for the DF-200 formulation is N, N-dimethyl ethanolamine. However, other corrosion inhibitors such as triethanolamine, ethanolamine salts of C9, C10 and C12 diexide mixtures, dicyclohexyl amine nitrile and N, N-dibenzylamine can also be used. Corrosion inhibitors added to DF-200 formulations can play a multipurpose role.

1. Corrosion inhibitor

2. pH buffer

3. a solvent for maintaining 1-dodecanol in the solution and

4. Cosolvents for dissolving insoluble chemical agents, such as sarin or mustard.

Embodiments of the three-part kit construction of DF-200HF with a corrosive inhibitor include the following (example amounts).

DF-200HF Rapid Batch by Corrosion Inhibitor (3-Part Kit)

A part (liquid foam component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

5 g poly (ethylene glycol)

10 g N, N-dimethyl ethanolamine (corrosion inhibitor)

50 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

18 g potassium hydroxide (sufficient to provide final pH 10.2 in part A)

936 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

C part (liquid bleach activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

The formulation produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. The following mixing method can be used. Mix part B into part A. Then, after dissolving urea hydrogen peroxide, the C portion is added to the A portion + the B portion. It is recommended to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF with corrosion inhibitors against the following chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 14.

          Reaction Rate in Kinetic Experiments of DF-200HF with Corrosion Inhibitor  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 7 41 79 VX 58 94 99

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Glovigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 60 min exposure to DF-200HF with corrosion inhibitor. The addition of corrosion inhibitors adversely affected the performance of DF-200 against chemical agents, but its effect on the performance of DF-200HF against biological agents was not measured. Similar results were obtained with the use of an alternative corrosion inhibitor, 1% triethanolamine.

DF-200 with glycerol

In another embodiment of the DF-200 formulation, glycerol may be used in place of Jaguar 8000, poly (ethylene oxide) or polyethylene glycol as a viscosity enhancer. Glycerol is a component commonly used in cosmetics, where it is used not only as a solvent but also as a viscosity enhancer, wetting agent and emollient. Therefore, the use of glycerol in DF-200 formulations can be versatile.

1. Viscosity Enhancer

2. Moisturizers (ie substances that moisturize the skin)

3. solvents for maintaining 1-dodecanol in solution and

4. Cosolvents for dissolving insoluble chemical agents, such as sarin or mustard.

Embodiments of the three-part kit configuration of DF-200HF with glycerol include the following (example amounts).

DF-200HF Rapid Batch with Glycerol (3-Part Kit)

A part (liquid foam component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

4 g 1-dodecanol

40 g glycerol (viscosity enhancer)

40 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

About 17 g potassium hydroxide (sufficient to provide final pH 10.2 in part A)

906 g water

Part B (solid oxidant component)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

C part (liquid bleach activator)

20 g propylene glycol diacetate

The formulation produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. The following mixing method can be used. Mix part B into part A. Then, after dissolving urea hydrogen peroxide, the C portion is added to the A portion + the B portion. It is recommended to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF with glycerol against the following chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 15.

            Reaction Rate in Kinetics Experiments of DF-200HF with Glycerol  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 63 96 ND  G formulation ND ND ND VX 76 99 MD

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF with glycerol.

Glycerol acts as a moisturizer and can therefore be used directly on humans. This formulation can be used, for example, by removing the foaming components (such as 1-dodecanol and adogen 477) by spraying or showering, and by reducing the concentration of peroxides. However, a disadvantage with the use of glycerol is that it is solid even at fairly high temperatures (up to about 10 ° C.). Therefore, it would be better to use under controlled temperature conditions (ie warm temperature conditions).

The propylene glycol diacetate, bleach activator used in the DF-200 of the various configurations described above is not currently available in solids. However, other bleach activators are commercially available in solid form.

DF-200 with Acetylcholine Chloride

 Instead of (liquid) propylene glycol diacetate, solid O-acetyl bleach activators (eg, acetylcholine chloride, often used in artificial tears) can be used in the DF-200 formulation. The chemical structure of this O-acetyl bleach activator is shown below. As can be seen, the molecule contains an O-acetyl group capable of activating a peroxide, is a quaternary compound and is very compatible with the DF-200 formulation. Acetylcholine chloride is also water soluble and very hygroscopic.

Embodiments of the two-part kit configuration of DF-200HF with acetylcholine chloride include the following (example amounts).

DF-200HF Rapid Batch by Acetylcholine Chloride (2-Part Kit)

A part (liquid foam component)

20 g Variquat 80MC

10 g agenogen 477

30 g poly (ethylene glycol) (MW 8000)

8 g diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

5 g isobutanol

4 g 1-dodecanol

150 g propylene glycol

50 g potassium hydrogencarbonate

About 17 g potassium hydroxide (sufficient to provide final pH 10.2 in part A)

803 g water

Part B (solid additives)

97 g urea hydrogen peroxide

25 g acetylcholine chloride (solid bleach activator)

The formulation produces 1 liter of foaming solution. The pH of the final formulation can be adjusted in the range of about 9.6 to 9.8 to maximize performance. In order to use this formulation, part B is mixed into part A. It is recommended to use within 8 hours. The performance of DF-200HF with acetylcholine chloride against the following chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 16.

  Reaction Rate from Kinetic Experiments of DF-200HF Using Acetylcholine Chloride as an Activator  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 60 98 ND VX 10 85 > 99

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF with acetylcholine chloride.

For the effect of the DF-200 formulation, two other O-acetyl bleach activators, monoacetin (sliceol monoacetate) and diacetin (glycerol diacetate) were also tested. Both of these compounds have proven to be very effective bleach activators. These compounds are water soluble liquids.

Experiments also showed that the DF-200 formulation was effectively activated by nitrile-containing compounds such as 4-cyanobezoic acid (which are water soluble), for example, at 2% concentration, for neutralization of both chemical and biological formulation mimetics. .

DF-200 with Peracetic Acid

Experiments were performed using peracetic acid instead of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in DF-200. The following formulations were used.

2% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

2% Peracetic Acid (oxidizing agent)

5% potassium bicarbonate (buffers and activators)

91% water

The pH was adjusted to 9.8 with solid KOH and experiments were conducted against the mimetics for mustard, VX and anthrax spores on the formulation. The performance of the formulations against the chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 17.

         Response rate from kinetic experiments of DF-200HF with 2% peracetic acid  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 27 58 68 VX 68 76 95

Experiments on anthrax spore mimetics (Globigi bacilli spores) demonstrated 99.9999% (7-Log) killing after 30 min exposure to DF-200HF by peracetic acid.

DF-200 using a high concentration of peracetic acid (3.5%) in the following formulation was also tested.

2% Variquat 80MC (cationic surfactant)

3.5% Peracetic Acid (oxidizing agent)

5% potassium bicarbonate (buffers and activators)

89.5% water

The formulation was tested against the mimetics for mustard, VX and anthrax spores by adjusting the pH to 0.8 with solid KOH. The performance of the formulations against the chemical formulation mimetics is shown in Table 18.

       Response rate from kinetic experiments of DF-200HF with 3.5% peracetic acid  Mimetic Decontamination% 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes Mustard (HD) 40 94 ND VX 74 96 98

The results indicate that the use of peracetic acid as an alternative oxidant is effective against chemical agent mimetics, but is effective as a DF-200 formulation with activated hydrogen peroxide (ie, a combination of hydrogen peroxide, bicarbonate and propylene glycol diacetate) as an oxidant. Not. However, DF-200 formulations with 2 to 3.5% peracetic acid are very effective in killing spores. Nevertheless, the use of such oxidants is not as attractive as hydrogen peroxide, because peracetic acid cannot be used in a safe and convenient solid, in liquid form and with a considerably short shelf life.

In addition, experiments were conducted to determine the minimum components required for spore killing in DF-200 formulations using peracetic acid as oxidant. These results indicate that only three components, peracetic acid, bicarbonate and cationic surfactant, are needed to achieve high rates of spore killing.

Live agent experiment with DF-200HF

Live formulation experiments were conducted with three chemical agents (soman ("GD"), VX and mustard ("HD")) and two biological agents (Anthrax spores and Yersinia pestis. Table 19 shows the results of the DF-200HF dynamics experiment.

Response rate in kinetic experiments of DF-200HF against chemical agents  Chemical preparations         % Decontamination of chemical preparations at time intervals 1 minute 15 minutes 60 minutes GD 99.98 ± 0.01 99.97 ± 0.01 99.98 ± 0.01 VX 91.20 ± 8.56 99.80 ± 0.08 99.88 ± 0.04 HD 78.13 ± 10.53 98.46 ± 1.43 99.84 ± 0.32

After GD was exposed to DF-200HF, methylphosphonic acid (MPA) and pinacolinyl methylphosphonic acid (PMPA) were identified as byproducts. After VX was exposed to DF-200HF, ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA) and MPA were identified as byproducts. This indicates that destruction of VX was a better path to phosphonic acid rather than EA2192 (a harmful byproduct that may be produced during VX degradation). Finally, after HD was exposed to DF-200HF, the initial gradation products of HD contained a mixture of sulfoxide and sulfone by-products, and after 60 minutes each of these by-products was nearly completely extinguished.

The results of the experiments against anthrax spores are shown in Tables 20 and 21, and the results against Yersinia pests are shown in Table 22 (NG refers to "no growth"). The limit of detection in this experiment was 10 CFU / ml. The error bar in the '% reduction' column takes this detection limit into account.

Killing rate for B. anthracis AMES-RIID spores in solution of DF-200HF B. Anthracis AMES-RID     Average CFU / ml      Lo g reduction      % decrease         Control     1.21E + 07         0       0.00       15 minutes contact         NG         7   100 ± 0.00004       30 minutes contact         NG         7   100 ± 0.00004       60 minutes contact         NG         7   100 ± 0.00004

Killing rate for B. anthracis ANR-1 spores in a solution of DF-200HF B. Anthracis ANR-1    Average CFU / ml      Lo g reduction      % decrease         Control     6.42E + 07         0       0.00       15 minutes contact         NG         7   100 ± 0.00004       30 minutes contact         NG         7   100 ± 0.00004       60 minutes contact         NG         7   100 ± 0.00004

Killing rate against Y. pest bacteria cells in a solution of DF-200HF Y. Festis ( ATCC-11953)     Average CFU / ml      Lo g reduction      % decrease         Control     1.33E + 07          0       0.00       15 minutes contact         NG          7   100 ± 0.00004       30 minutes contact         NG          7   100 ± 0.00004       60 minutes contact         NG          7   100 ± 0.00004

After leaving the Petri dish used for cell growth for each of these experiments for 21 days, experiments were conducted demonstrating that DF-200HF did not actually inhibit spore growth but killed it. No growth was observed on any Petri dishes after 21 days.

Toxic Industrial Chemicals Tests with DF-200HF

Several toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) were tested for DF-200HF. A summary of the TICs tested by date and the results of these experiments are shown in Table 23. Malathion, butyl isocyanate, sodium cyanide and carbon disulfide results were obtained by analyzing unreacted chemicals on the foamed solution, while phosgene was obtained by analyzing chemicals in the foamed solution headspace. These results demonstrate that they effectively neutralize toxic industrial chemicals.

           Summary of Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TIC) Neutralization Experiments by DF-200HF   TIC                    Decontamination%       1 minute       15 minutes       60 minutes  Malathion (Liquid)       89        95    Below detection  Hydrogen Cyanide (Gas)      > 99       > 99       > 99  Sodium Cyanide (Solid)       93        98       > 99  Butyl Isocyanate (Liquid)       99     Trace detection    Trace detection  Carbon Disulfide (Liquid)      > 99       > 99    Trace detection  Phosgene (gas)       98       > 99       > 99

The above-described examples can be repeated while obtaining similar results by substituting and / or replacing the reactants described generally or in detail with respect to the materials used in the foregoing examples and / or adjusting the conditions of the present invention.

Although the present invention has been described in the detailed description of the invention as a preferred embodiment with specific reference, the same results can be achieved with other embodiments. Modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and all such changes and corresponding inventions are intended to be included in the appended claims. All references, applications, patents, and patent publications cited above are incorporated herein by reference.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, and serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are provided solely for the purpose of illustrating one or more preferred embodiments of the invention, and do not limit the invention.

In the drawing,

1 is a graph showing the effect of DF-200 on spore killing of Bacillus glovisi (anthrax mimetics).

2 is a schematic diagram of a good mixing process for the first rapid batch configuration of the present invention (“DF-200HF Rapid Batch”).

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a good mixing process for the second rapid batch configuration of the present invention ("DF-200HF slurry rapid batch").

Claims (50)

At least two solubilizing compounds, wherein at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic surfactant and at least one solubilizing compound is a cationic hydrotrop. At least one reactive compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and sodium percarbonate; One or more bleach activators selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators Wherein the two or more solubilizing compounds, the one or more reactive compounds and the one or more bleach activators are mixed with water to neutralize one or more poisons upon exposure to one or more poisons, Formulations for neutralizing one or more poisons. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the cationic surfactant contains a quaternary ammonium salt. The quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 2, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, or benzyl (C12-C16) alkyldimethylammonium chloride The neutralizing agent is selected from the group consisting of a mixture of. The neutralizing agent of claim 1, further comprising a water-soluble polymer. The method of claim 4, wherein the water-soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, (cationic or nonionic) polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, poly (ethylene oxide), glycerol, polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000) And Jaguar 8000 ^TM (guar gum 2-hydroxypropyl ether) and formulations thereof. The neutralizing agent of claim 1, further comprising a fatty alcohol having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule. The formulation for neutralization according to claim 1, which further contains a solvent. 8. The formulation of claim 7 wherein the solvent contains one member of the group consisting of di (propylene glycol) methyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and combinations thereof. The formulation for neutralization of Claim 1 which further contains a carbonate. The neutralizing agent of claim 9, wherein the carbonate is selected from the group consisting of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and potassium carbonate and preparations thereof. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the at least one bleach activator is water soluble. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more water soluble bleach activators are acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol mono Methyl ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate and propylene glycol diacetate, and combinations thereof It will be neutralizing agent. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the at least one bleach activator is water insoluble. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one water-insoluble peroxide activator is selected from the group consisting of tetaacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED), n-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS) and N-acetyl glucosamine and formulations thereof. It will be neutralizing agent. The neutralizing agent of claim 1, wherein the agent has a pH value in the range of 9.6 to 9.8 when mixed with water. One or more cationic surfactants and At least one reactive compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and sodium percarbonate; At least one bleach activator selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleach activators; At least one carbonate that is not one of the at least one reactive compound Wherein said at least one surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator, and at least one carbonate are mixed with water to neutralize at least one poison upon exposure to the at least one poison Phosphorus, the agent for neutralization of one or more poisons. The formulation of claim 16, wherein the formulation has a pH in the range of 9.6 to 9.8 when mixed with water. The formulation of claim 16, wherein the cationic surfactant contains a quaternary ammonium salt. The neutralizing agent of claim 18, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt contains benzalkonium chloride. 17. The neutralizing agent of claim 16, wherein the at least one carbonate is selected from the group consisting of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate and formulations thereof. Formulation. 17. The formulation of claim 16, wherein the formulation comprises at least one cationic surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one bleach activator, and at least one carbonate. The formulation of claim 16, wherein the one or more bleach activators are water soluble. The method of claim 22, wherein the one or more water soluble bleach activators are acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol mono Methyl ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, propylene glycol diacetate and the preparations thereof Phosphorus neutralizing agent. The formulation for neutralization of claim 1, which is packaged in a kit configuration. The kit of claim 24, wherein the kit configuration is And a premixed component containing the two or more solubilizers A first component containing said at least one bleach activator and A neutralizing agent containing a second component containing the at least one reactive compound. The formulation for neutralization according to claim 25, which further contains water and a base. 26. The formulation of claim 25, wherein the premixed component further contains a water soluble polymer. The formulation of claim 25, wherein the at least one bleach activator is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol diacetate, glycerol diacetate, TAED, and combinations thereof. The neutralizing agent of claim 25, wherein the premixing component further contains a fatty alcohol having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule. 26. The formulation of claim 25, wherein said at least one reactive compound contains urea hydrogen peroxide, and said second component containing said at least one reactive compound further contains sodium percarbonate. The preparation for neutralization according to claim 25, wherein the premixing component further contains a short chain alcohol. The method of claim 24, wherein the kit configuration, A first premixed component containing the two or more solubilizers and water and And a second premixed component comprising said at least one solid bleach activator and said at least one reactive compound. 33. The formulation of claim 32, wherein the first premix component additionally contains an acid. 33. The formulation of claim 32, wherein said at least one bleach activator contains acetylcholine chloride. 33. The formulation of claim 32, wherein said at least one reactive compound contains urea hydrogen peroxide and said at least one bleach activator contains TAED. 33. The formulation of claim 32, wherein the one or more bleach activators are encapsulated to prevent pre-reaction with the one or more reactive compounds. The method of claim 24, wherein the kit configuration, A premixed component containing said at least two solubilizers and said at least one bleach activator; A neutralizing agent containing a component containing at least one reactive compound. 38. The neutralizing agent of claim 37, wherein said premixed component further contains water and an acid. 38. The formulation for neutralization of claim 37, wherein said component containing at least one reactive compound contains sodium percarbonate and further contains an acid. 38. The neutralizing agent of claim 37, wherein the at least one reactive compound contains urea hydrogen peroxide, and the component containing at least one reactive compound further contains a mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate. One or more cationic surfactants and At least one reactive compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and sodium percarbonate; O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile bleach activators, acetylcholine chloride, monoacetin (glycerol monoacetate), diacetin (glycerol diacetate), 4-cyanobenzoic acid, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl At least one selected from the group consisting of ether acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl glutarate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycerol diacetate (diacetin), glycerol monoacetate, glycerol triacetate, propylene glycol diacetate and formulations thereof With water-soluble bleach activators One or more carbonates Wherein the at least one surfactant, the at least one reactive compound, and the at least one water soluble bleach activator are mixed with water to neutralize at least one poison upon exposure to the at least one poison. Formulations for neutralizing species or more of poisons. delete 42. The formulation for neutralization of claim 41, wherein said cationic surfactant contains a quaternary ammonium salt. The formulation of claim 43, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt contains benzalkonium chloride. delete 42. The method of claim 41 wherein the one or more carbonates are selected from the group consisting of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, lithium bisulfate, ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate and formulations thereof. Formulation. The formulation of claim 41, wherein the formulation has a pH in the range of 9.6 to 9.8 when mixed with water. 42. The formulation of claim 41, wherein the formulation comprises at least one cationic surfactant, at least one reactive compound, at least one water soluble bleach activator, and at least one carbonate. The method of claim 9, 1-10 wt% benzalkonium chloride, 1-8 wt.% Propylene glycol diacetate, 1-16% by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 2-8% by weight potassium hydrogen carbonate, 65.5-93.5 wt% water Neutralization agent which consists of. At least one solubilizing compound selected from the group consisting of cationic hydrotropes and fatty alcohols having 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule; At least one reactive compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxycarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium perborate, sodium peroxypyrophosphate, sodium peroxysilicate and sodium percarbonate; Said at least one bleach activator selected from the group consisting of O-acetyl, N-acetyl and nitrile group bleaching activation Wherein the one or more solubilizing compounds, the one or more reactive compounds and the one or more bleach activators are mixed with water to neutralize one or more poisons upon exposure to one or more poisons. The agent for neutralization of the above poison.

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