KR20020001902A - Method for Prevention of Damages of a Tangerine by Blight and Harmful Insects Using Chitin, Chitosan - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for controlling disease and insect pest of a mandarin is provided by using a mixture of chitosan or chitin with conventional emulsifiers. Thereby, harmful insects such as Tetranychus urticae, aphids, Planococcus citri (Risso) and a fungal pathogen are controlled effectively. CONSTITUTION: A mixed solution of high molecular chitin or chitosan solution and an emulsifier is applied to the infected portion of a mandarin to form a polymer coating film thereon. In controlling insects such as Tetranychus urticae, aphids, Planococcus citri (Risso), the mixed solution is sprayed thereon in about 10x3 days after bursting of a bud into blossom in the first stage and then when the fruit of the mandarin is grown to a size of about 1.5±1cm in the second stage. And copper hydroxide and tribasic copper sulfate also are added thereto as an auxiliary agent.

Description

Method for Prevention of Damages of a Tangerine by Blight and Harmful Insects Using Chitin, Chitosan}

The present invention relates to a method for controlling citrus insect diseases using polymer chitin and chitosan, and more specifically, to a mite, aphid, and worm by spraying a mixed solution in which a suitable amount of a mechanical oil agent is added to a polymer chitin or chitosan solution at a predetermined concentration. The present invention relates to a method for preventing the propagation and spread of fungal and fungal pathogens.

To date, no pesticide cultivation without chemical pesticides in house citrus agriculture causes problems in the quality of citrus fruits, which has a negative effect on the market, leading to a decline in farm incomes, and cultivation without pesticides leads to excessive labor and agricultural inputs. It is difficult to popularize farms because of the demand.

Although no pesticide cultivation techniques for citrus cultivation have made their own efforts to improve their quality, they have not been able to recover from the various problems of citrus agriculture, for example, the freshness of citrus, the volume and occurrence of It did not achieve effective hypertrophy of citrus fruits and made it difficult to promote coloration and glossy citrus fruits.

These problems are expected to continue to cause a vicious cycle in the future and the solution for this is urgently needed.

The inventors of the present invention have been searching for a solution to the problems of the conventional pesticide-free citrus cultivation technology of the present invention, when the mechanical oil agent is mixedly sprayed with a dilution of a polymer chitin or chitosan by a predetermined multiple, which is generated when the machine oil agent is used alone. The present invention was completed by finding out that the problem of oil soaking and deciduous phenomena can be prevented and the control of fungi and fungal pathogens including mites, aphids, and worms can be controlled efficiently.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently controlling pests and fungal pathogens such as mites, which are a problem when growing citrus fruits,

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for promoting fruit hypertrophy by fermenting low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides to improve fruit quality.

The present invention relates to a method for controlling citrus insect diseases using polymer chitin and chitosan, wherein a solution of polymer chitin or chitosan with 1.5 to 3 concentrations is diluted 230-270 times, and a mechanical oil agent is added to the diluted solution so that the dilution times 100-150 times. The mixed solution is sprayed on the infected areas of the citrus trees to form a polymer coating film, thereby preventing the propagation and spread of fungal and fungal pathogens such as mites, aphids, and worms.

Chitin is the most widely distributed mucopolysaccharide after cellulose in nature. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine composed of amino sugars (amino derivatives of sugars) is a white powder polymerized by β-1 and 4-bonds. It is white powder. . The chitin is known to have antimicrobial, membrane-forming, and biodegradable properties as a polysaccharide containing nitrogen, which forms not only the hard epidermis or shell of arthropod, but also is an important component of fungal cell wall.

Chitosan is produced by deacetylation of chitin by acid treatment, and is used as flocculant, cosmetic, medical material, food material, enzyme fixative, etc. in wastewater treatment, and it is known to have antifungal activity against some molds.

The chitin and chitosan is preferably used as a polymer dissolved in a weak acid solution to 1.5 to 3 concentrations. However, if the concentration range is high, it is impossible to spray by spraying the citrus tree as a high viscosity, and must be applied to the individual tree leaves or fruits. Therefore, in order to apply the solution to the pesticide control of citrus trees it is required to spray by diluting the diluted with an appropriate dilution factor. The dilution factor of the present invention is preferably 230 to 270 times, more preferably about 250 times. When the application is smaller than the above range, it is difficult to expect the low viscosity required for spraying. On the contrary, if the above range is exceeded, the concentration of the solution is too dilute to make the polymer coating film poor, thus making it difficult to expect a pest control effect.

When only the polymer chitin or chitosan solution is applied to citrus trees, it takes about 50 to 60 days to control the mites, aphids, and insects. .

Therefore, in the present invention, to solve the above problems by adding an appropriate amount of a mechanical emulsion to the polymer chitin or chitosan solution. Machine oil emulsions are insecticides prepared by blending emulsifiers such as cresol and soap into machine oil, and the main component is ordinary machine oil. Mechanical oil emulsions are characterized by smothering the body surface of insects with oil and suffocating them. There are two types of machine oil emulsions 80 and machine oil emulsions 60, depending on the amount of machine oil. 80 has a low moisture content and does not solidify at low temperatures. Even if stored for a long time there is an advantage that does not separate the oil is preferred in the present invention.

The above-mentioned mechanical emulsion may be used by diluting a commercially available one. At this time, the dilution factor is preferably 100 to 150 times.

When the mixed solution added by adjusting the dilution factor of the mechanical emulsion to the dilution solution of the polymer chitin or chitosan is sprayed on the infected site of the citrus trees, a polymer coating film is formed, and thus the mites, aphids, worms, etc. It is possible to prevent the propagation and spread of pathogens. However, when spraying the machine emulsion alone, problems may arise due to the immersion phenomenon or the deciduous leaf phenomenon.However, when mixed with the polymer chitin or chitosan, the above problems can be minimized. You can expect it.

In the above, mite (spidermite / Tetranychidae) pierces the leaves and stems of the plant and sucks the contents of the cells, so that the affected part becomes white speckles, and it may damage the fruit, and aphids deteriorate the marketability. The nectar (sugar) is excreted by feeding the juice, and when the nectar falls on the leaves of plants, small ants, other parasitic bees (parasitic bees are natural enemies of aphids), flies, etc. gather to eat this, and parasitic germs of soybean germ are collected. To cause indirect damage. In addition, the worms are similar pests to aphids, but also directly kill citrus trees, and the existing insecticidal methods could not effectively remove the pests.

When the mixed solution is applied to the insecticide control of citrus fruits, in the case of the control of larvae such as mites, aphids, and worms, after the germination of the buds of citrus trees in one step, about 10 ± 3 days, Spraying the mixed solution at a diameter of ± 1 cm is most preferable in terms of control effect. In the case described above, it is possible to obtain an effect of more than 97 mites, more than 40 aphids, more than 30 insects in the control mask.

In addition, when insects are concerned about insects caused by insects such as butterfly insects, for example, when larvae of moths are generated, spraying microorganisms together with the mixed solution together may have a synergistic effect in controlling pests of citrus trees. have. The microbial agent is not particularly limited, but Bacillus thuringiensis bar. Kurstaki-16BIU / kg ( Bacilus thuringiensis var . Kurstaki -16BIU / kg) is preferred in the control mask.

In order to control the fungal pathogen, it is preferable to fertilize the polymer chitin and chitosan solution until 15-20 days until harvest. In this case, by spraying water on the fruit trees, the incidence of fungal pathogens can be lowered. If unavoidable watering must be done on the tree, cross-checking should be carried out under conditions that allow it to dry as soon as possible. In addition, when the polymer chitin and chitosan solution are added to the foliar fertilizer adjuvant, copper hydroxide (Copper hydroxid) and tribasic copper sulfate are added to increase the sterilization effect, thereby improving the commercial property.

The present invention also includes a method for bloating fruit by administering low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides to improve product yield. For this purpose, the time of administration should be appropriately utilized by continuous observation according to the amount of flowering and the fruiting rate of fruit. Preferably, the fruit is evenly picked at the fruiting rate of 3 to 5 times at intervals of 10 to 15 days. It is good to induce fruit hypertrophy by irrigation of low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides. Particularly in miscellaneous products, low-molecular chitosan oligosaccharides may be hypertrophic due to intensive administration to the hypertrophy.

The low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide is preferable in the practice of the present invention even when diluting a 10-25 concentration solution to about 2,000 to 4,000 times.

In addition, since the present invention does not use a chemical pesticide as described above, the natural occurrence rate of arachnids, ladybugs, and the like has a high feature of natural enemy control.

Hereinafter, the content of the present invention will be described in detail through examples. However, the following examples are provided to explain the contents of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

<Example 1>

A mixed solution of the present invention was prepared by adjusting a mechanical emulsion in a dilution factor of 100 with 4 liters of polymer chitin in three concentrations (1000 times in water). As a control, only the diluted polymer chitin of three concentrations of 250 times were prepared separately, and the control effects of the treatment of the two solutions were compared. According to the following Table 1, the control group began spraying the first two weeks after the start of 2 ~ 3 mites per leaf after the start of the warming of citrus house citrus house 10 days after the second spray, 16 days after the second spray As a result of spraying 4 times after the 3rd spray and 5 days after the 3rd spray, the mite incidence density per leaf gradually increased. Therefore, in the mites, it was confirmed that there is a limit of control by the single treatment of the polymer chitin or chitosan.

<Table 1> Experimental results of mite control (facilities warm tangerines)

division Control The present invention (when treated more than 50 mites) Primary treatment Secondary treatment 3rd treatment 4th treatment Mite outbreak density (Marine / leaves) 2-3 10 to 15 20-25 30-40 1 to 2 Mite control - - - - 97 or more (no seepage or deciduous leaves)

As a result of the treatment of the control group, the control solution of the present invention was sprayed with the mixed solution of the present invention at a time point of more than 50 mites, and after 1 week, it was found that the control value was 97 or more for mites and 68 or more for aphids. Confirmed. In addition, no shedding and deciduous phenomena, which were a problem when the mechanical emulsion was treated alone, were not observed.

<Experimental Example> Field experiments for actual farmers.

The results of the actual field test using the pest control method according to the present invention are shown in Table 2. Table 2 below shows the treatment status and observation results for each farmhouse in Bongseong-ri, Aewol-eup, Bukjeju-gun, Jeju Island from 1999.1.20 to 7.13.

TABLE 2

Monthly materials A B C D E Remarks 1/20 X X X X X Facility House Gaon begins, 2-3 mites per mite leaf 2/2 O X X X X 2/9 O X X X X Increasing wheat esophagus, 20-25 per leaf, flowering plants 2/13 O X X X X Increased production of 30-35 eggs per mite 2/15 X X X O X Experimental spraying of A + D mixed material in some sections (100-fold dilution spray) 2/18, 2/22, 2/27 control showed 98 control value and no oily or deciduous leaves 2/16 X X O X X Experimental spraying of machine materials alone (some sections)-As a result of 2/17, 2/22 confirmation, there are a lot of drifts and leaves. 2/22 X X X O X Excellent spray control for all areas (980 pyeong) 3/2 O X X X X 3/4 X X X X O Castor moth larvae 1000 times diluted spray 3/20 O X X X X Sunspot outbreak⇒Unable to identify sunspots ?? 4/15 O X X X X 4/27 X O X X X 2,000 times dilution spray, even growth effect of fruit as red fruit is not expected. 5/4 X X X O X Partial mite is generated and all parts are controlled 5/6 X X O X X Partial round spots occur when water droplets of machine oil 300 times single spray fruit affect (product rate decrease) 5/20 O X X X X 5/30 X X X X X Singular start 7/10 X X X X X We confirm that skin part becomes considerably thin (product rate improvement) 7/13 X O X X X 2,000 times 1 time-3 minutes watering 7/16-2 times-5 minutes watering 7/18-3 times-5 minutes watering 7/23-4 times-10 minutes watering (4,000 times) Low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide 10-25 solution Identify the conditions that can lead to the rapid growth of fruit

A: Polymer chitin, chitosan 1.5-3 solution

B: 10-25 solution of low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide

C: Machine emulsion

D: Polymeric chitin, chitosan 1.5-3 solution and machine oil mixture preparation

E: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki-16BIU / kg microbial sanctions

According to Table 2, as mentioned above, a phenomenon in which the density of the mites was rather increased when the polymer chitin was treated alone was observed. As a result of spraying the mixed agent of the present invention, it was confirmed that the control value of 97 was obtained.

According to the present invention, it is possible to produce high-quality pesticide-free citrus fruits by controlling various pests that may occur in the facility, increasing freshness of citrus fruits, promoting effective enlargement of citrus fruits, promoting coloring and gloss. In addition, since it does not use chemical pesticides, it is not only environmentally friendly but also has an advantage of increasing the utilization rate of natural enemies by increasing the rate of natural enemies.

Claims (6)

A polymer chitin or chitosan solution of 1.5 to 3 concentrations was diluted to 230 to 270 times, and the mixed solution, in which the diluent was added to the dilution rate of 100 to 150 times, was sprayed onto the infected area of citrus trees to form a polymer coating film. A method for controlling citrus insect diseases using polymer chitin and chitosan, characterized by preventing the propagation and diffusion of fungal pathogens such as mites, aphids, and pods. The method of claim 1, wherein in the case of control of larvae such as mites, aphids, pods, etc., after the germination of the buds of the citrus tree in one step, about 10 ± 3 days and in two steps the citrus fruit is about 1.5 ± 1 cm Citrus disease control method using a polymer chitin, chitosan, characterized in that the spraying the mixed solution. [Claim 2] The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer chitin and chitosan solution further comprises foliar fertilization until harvesting every 15 to 20 days. [Claim 4] The method of claim 3, wherein the polymer chitin and chitosan solution are added with copper hydroxide and tribasic capper sulfate as an adjuvant. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of irrigation of the low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharides (10-25 concentration) 3 to 5 times at intervals of 10 to 15 days if the fruit level is 30 or more to induce even growth of citrus fruit. Citrus disease control method using high molecular weight chitin, chitosan. 2. The Bacillus thuringiensis bar according to claim 1, wherein the bacterium is a microbial agent in case of a disease caused by a butterfly species. Method for controlling citrus pests using chitin and chitosan, characterized in that it further comprises the step of spraying Kurstaki-16BIU / kg.