KR19980074713A - Cylindrical waste incinerator for both pyrolysis and multistage cyclone combustion - Google Patents

Abstract

1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a cylindrical waste incineration apparatus for both pyrolysis and multistage cyclone combustion.

2. The technical problem to be solved by the invention

In the present invention, the pyrolysis chamber and the primary and secondary combustion chambers are provided, and in addition, the combustion time is extended so that the combustion time is long so as to allow the complete combustion.

3. Summary of Solution to Invention

A pyrolysis chamber 24 for pyrolyzing waste, and a primary combustion chamber 25 for burning gas, residual carbon, and unburnt generated in the pyrolysis chamber 24 for the lower portion of the pyrolysis chamber; A secondary combustion chamber 40 which completely burns unburned gas that has not been burned in the primary combustion chamber 25 again; The cyclone 60 which processes the dust in exhaust gas and the ejector 65 which are connected with the exit of a cyclone, and prevents backfire and introduces combustion gas are characterized by the structure.

4. Important uses of the invention

According to the present invention, after pyrolysis of waste, the combustion is downward and the combustion gas is moved downward to increase the residence time, supplying air by vortexing, and further installing a venturi in the exhaust communication to completely burn the waste to suppress the emission of harmful gases and incineration of garbage. It can improve performance.

Description

Cylindrical waste incinerator for both pyrolysis and multistage cyclone combustion

The present invention relates to a multi-stage cyclone-fired cylindrical waste incineration apparatus in which a flame retardant waste such as waste plastic, waste synthetic fiber, waste wood, waste vinyl, and waste paper improves incineration.

Conventionally, a large number of waste incinerators for incineration of such wastes have been devised and used, and representative examples thereof include a water cooling jacket method using water filled in the outer wall of an incinerator, and a cylindrical incinerator method and a rectangular parallelepiped made of fireproof material using the incinerator as a cylinder. There is a square incineration method of refractories in the form.

In the case of the water-cooled jacket method, it is not mentioned in relation to the technology apart from the present invention, and the incineration apparatus of the cylindrical and the square of the refractory material which is a technology close to the present invention will be described in detail.

In the conventional cylindrical incineration method, the flow of gas is generally made upstream in one cylindrical combustion chamber and a cyclone or a secondary combustion chamber provided on the upper portion of the cylindrical combustion chamber and connected to the cyclone again.

That is, because the gas generated when burning the waste is transported to the upper portion and mixed with air to burn, the residence time in the furnace is short due to the rising force of the hot gas.

In particular, in the case of turning to the air flow, a rise air flow occurs in the central part, and the residence time is shorter. In particular, in the case of turning to the air flow, rising air is generated in the center, and the residence time is further shortened.

Because of this, it is difficult to expect complete combustion, and there is a high possibility of causing air pollution due to the pollutants caused by incomplete combustion in the final discharged gas.

In general, the cylindrical incinerator is easy to turn to the supply air, so the mixing of the waste and gas is good, the combustion efficiency is higher than that of the square incinerator, but in the case of flame retardant waste, there is a risk of incomplete combustion.

On the other hand, in the case of rectangular incinerators used for larger capacity incinerators because of their manufacturing advantages, air that penetrates into the flames is usually used by the method of spraying from the nozzles arranged at the wall or the corner nozzles in the air supply method. Is linear. Therefore, the mixture of air, waste and gas is worse than that caused by the swirling air flow, so that complete combustion is difficult.

Square incinerators tend to be blind areas with no air or flow at the edges. Therefore, the square incinerator has a greater risk of incomplete combustion than the cylindrical incinerator.

In these two cases, nozzles that supply air to assist combustion are made of metal material in the refractory material, or embedded in them, or a nozzle is drilled in a cylindrical steel pipe. In this case, corrosion is caused by the heat and oxidizing atmosphere of the combustion chamber. Or the carbon blocks the holes of the nozzles or breaks the refractory material due to thermal expansion.

For this reason, there is a problem that the combustion of the waste, as well as a significant obstacle to the combustion of the waste, or to destroy the incinerator itself, even if not used for a long time.

In the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, the pyrolysis chamber and the primary and secondary combustion chambers are provided in two cylinders, and the lift time of the hot combustion gas and the upward air flow are reversed downward by using an ejector to maximize the residence time. In this process, by supplying a high-speed turning air to promote the mixing of the unburned waste and unburned gas to enable the complete combustion.

In addition, the air supply nozzle adopts a two-stage nozzle having different outlet and inlet diameters to supply air having a low pressure loss and a large penetration force, and is integrally formed with the castable to greatly improve durability.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the waste incinerator of the present invention.

2 is a front view showing the air supply relationship of the present invention.

3 is a fragmentary perspective view of an extract of the stall stall (part A of FIG. 2).

4 is a cross-sectional view of the air supply nozzle portion.

5 is an extract of a secondary combustion burner.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge communication portion.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10; Waste incinerator

12; Castable

13; Air Jacket

22; Rostol

23; Pyrolysis chamber

25; Primary combustion chamber

40; Second combustion chamber

50, 51, 52; Air Supply Nozzle

62; Venturi

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall cross-sectional view of the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the air supply relationship of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an excerpt of a stall unit (part A of FIG. 2) separating the pyrolysis chamber and the primary combustion chamber. One fractured perspective view, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the air supply nozzle portion, FIG. 5 is a view of the secondary burner auxiliary burner, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust communication portion in which the ejector is installed.

The waste incineration apparatus 10 of the present invention completely completes the unburned gas in the primary combustion chamber, in which the pyrolysis chamber 24 for directly decomposing waste and thermally decomposes using partial combustion and the primary combustion chamber 25 for burning unburned waste and gas. It consists of the secondary combustion chamber 40 which combustes, the air supply nozzles 50, 51, 52 which rotate and supply high speed air to these parts, and the cyclone 60 which isolate | combines the burned gas, dust, etc.

The primary combustion unit 20, the secondary combustion chamber 40, and the cyclone 60 each including the pyrolysis chamber 24 and the primary combustion chamber 25 are castable inside the cylindrical case 11 made of a metal material. Molded (12), but the air required for combustion by forming an air jacket (13) is formed in a predetermined space between the case 11 and the castable 12 of the primary combustion unit 20, the secondary combustion chamber (40). Is distributed equally to each air nozzle to supply to the combustion chamber.

The air jacket 13 is connected to the blower 14 and the duct 15 provided above the incinerator 10 to supply air, and the open and closed valves 16 are provided on the duct 15. The amount of air and the presence of supply were adjusted.

Between the pyrolysis chamber 24 and the primary combustion chamber 25, a plurality of rostols 22 are provided on the settled jaw 21 formed by protruding the castable so that the waste to be incinerated can be placed thereon. The stole 22 has a triangular prism shape in which a top tap having a long length groove is formed in a central portion of a bottom so that the deposited waste can be naturally decomposed while pyrolyzed and the generated gas can be induced downward. The rostol 22 was formed of a refractory material containing an iron core to withstand the weight of heat and waste.

The heat dissipation chamber 24 pyrolyzing the waste introduced with the inlet 23 on the upper side of the rostol 22 using partial combustion, and the unburnt and generated gas pyrolyzed and remaining in the pyrolysis chamber on the lower side. It was to have a primary combustion chamber 25 which burns.

In the side of the primary combustion chamber 25, a secondary combustion chamber 40 for introducing and reburning unburned gas that has not been completely burned in the primary combustion chamber 25 is provided. Secondary combustion chamber (40) is provided with an auxiliary burner (41) to help reburn of unburned powder and to maintain a constant outlet temperature. The auxiliary burner 41 is mounted in the same direction as the turning of the air flow so that no backfire occurs to the burner.

The lower side of the primary combustion chamber 25 and the secondary combustion chamber 40 forms a connection passage 43 so that the gas combusted in the primary combustion chamber 25 flows in the secondary combustion chamber 40. A thermocouple 44 is installed on the upper side to measure the temperature of the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 40 and the side of the secondary combustion chamber 40 separates the unburned gas and dust completely burned from the secondary combustion chamber. A conventional cyclone 60 is provided.

In the castable 12 of the pyrolysis chamber 24, the primary combustion chamber 25 and the secondary combustion chamber 40, a plurality of air supply nozzles 50, 51, and 52 for the air supply for the combustion of waste are caster. It was molded integrally with the blade 12 to prevent corrosion by heat or ash gas, and the nozzle was to conduct with the air jacket 13 located outside the castable 12.

The air supply nozzles 50, 51, and 52 form a two-stage nozzle having a small diameter of the outlet for injecting air into the combustion chamber and a large diameter of the inlet flowing from the air jacket, thereby reducing pressure loss and flame. The high speed air was supplied to supply high speed air, and the high speed air was inclined in one direction with respect to the center of the cylinder so that mixing with waste and gas could be promoted while turning again (in the same direction as the burner 41). Formed.

The cyclone (60) separating the exhaust gas and dust is molded into a caster to prevent the heat of combustion from being transferred to the outside, and to prevent corrosion and deformation caused by heat, thereby extending the life of the incinerator.

The upper portion of the cyclone 60 is connected to the discharge communication 61 for discharging the unburned gas, the ventilator 62 is formed in the middle of the discharge communication 61, the lower side of the separate blower ( By forming an ejector 65 provided with an air discharge pipe 64 connected to 63), the inside of the incineration apparatus 10 is made into a negative pressure to prevent backfire into the inlet, as well as hot gas generated in the pyrolysis chamber 24. Is attracted downward to extend the residence time in the primary and secondary combustion chambers 25 and 40 so as to achieve complete combustion.

Looking at the working relationship of the present invention configured as described above, the waste to be incinerated through the inlet 23 provided on the side of the pyrolysis chamber 24 is put on the rostol 22 installed in the lower portion of the pyrolysis chamber 24 Settle and settle and burn.

At this time, when a large amount of air is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 24, since the waste is rapidly pyrolyzed and black smoke due to incomplete combustion is likely to occur, only a small amount of air is supplied to pyrolyze using partial combustion.

Here, the air supplied through the nozzle 50 is swiveled at high speed to be quickly mixed with the waste so that the pyrolysis rate is maintained even with a small amount of air.

Then, the wastes of the acid Rostole 22 are carbonized in the form of agglomerates, partly recombined with combustible gas, and partly the primary combustion chamber 25 below through the space between the Rothtol 22 and the Rothtol 22. To fall. At this time, the combustible gas resynthesized by pyrolysis is also attracted together. In this primary combustion chamber 25, unburned waste and gas are burned at a high temperature by a sufficient amount of air supplied from the nozzle 51.

The unburned gas that is not completely burned in the primary combustion chamber is drawn to the secondary combustion chamber through a connection passage 43 formed between the primary combustion chamber 25 and the secondary combustion chamber 40, and is also supplied from the nozzle 52. Mixing results in complete combustion.

The burner on the upper portion of the secondary combustion chamber 40 maintains the temperature of the outlet gas at a constant temperature to minimize the discharge of unburned or pollutants.

The gas generated in the pyrolysis chamber 24 has a rising force to a high temperature, and although the rising air is generated by the turning, the gas is moved downward to the primary combustion chamber 25 to have a long residence time required for complete combustion. The negative pressure in the incinerator 10 is discharged from the ejector 65 composed of the venturi 62 and the air discharge pipe 64 installed in the exhaust communication 61 connected to the upper side of the cyclone 60 connected to the combustion chamber 40. Because it forms.

In the process of burning waste and combustion gas in the pyrolysis chamber 24 and the primary and secondary combustion chambers 25 and 40, the two-stage air supply nozzles 50, 51, and 52 integrally formed in the castable 12 are used. Through the high-speed air with a large penetrating power is supplied while turning, it is rapidly mixed with waste and unburned gas, which is closer to the complete combustion.

This is because the air supply nozzles 50, 51, and 52 formed on the castable 12 are not formed at right angles to the castable, but are inclined to one side with respect to the center line of the cylinder, so that the supplied air rotates to form a vortex. In addition, the high-speed air injected from the two-stage nozzle with low pressure loss has a large penetration force, so that the mixing of waste and unburned gas is made evenly and quickly, and the ejector 65 installed in the exhaust communication 61. By the combustion gas is moved from the pyrolysis chamber 24 to the lower primary combustion chamber 25, and then attracted to the secondary combustion chamber 40 again to have a sufficient residence time will have all the conditions necessary for complete combustion. .

The air supply to the air supply nozzles (50, 51, 52) is applied to the air jacket 13 through a duct (15) connected between the blower 14 and the air jacket 13, the positive pressure is again a two-stage type Through each of the air supply nozzles (50, 51, 52) of the same pressure is converted to uniformly high-speed air is injected from each nozzle. The duct 15 and the air jacket 13 to control the air supply amount or to determine the presence or absence of the air supply in accordance with the combustion conditions in the pyrolysis chamber 24 and the combustion chambers 25 and 40 or the type and amount of waste. What is necessary is to control the opening and closing valve 16 provided between phases.

The gas temperature at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 40 is sensed by the temperature sensing thermocouple 44 provided above the secondary combustion chamber 40 before the gas combusted again in the secondary combustion chamber 40 is moved to the cyclone. When the temperature is lower than the set value, the controller (not shown) operates the auxiliary burner 41 to maintain the temperature above the set value so that the lead-free exhaust gas is moved to the cyclone 60.

In the secondary combustion chamber 40, the unburned gas and dust, which are completely burned, move to the cyclone 60. In the cyclone 60, dust falls to the lower dust collecting chamber, and the exhaust gas from which the dust is removed is discharged through the exhaust communication 61. To be discharged.

In the present invention as described above, the waste is used as a partial combustion method, and after primary pyrolysis, the ejector installed in the discharge communication is moved downward to the primary combustion chamber, and then, it is attracted to the secondary combustion chamber again to lengthen the residence time, and the penetration force is increased. By supplying a large amount of high-speed air to make the mixing of waste and unburned gas active, it makes it completely burned to prevent the emission of harmful gas to prevent air pollution and to prevent the unburnt in the residue. The incineration performance can be improved, and there is no part which can be damaged by heat or oxidizing gas during operation, which has the effect of excellent durability and life.

Claims (1)

Cylindrical incinerator 10 is a cylindrical secondary combustion chamber that burns unburned gas that has not been completely burned in cylindrical primary combustion unit 20 and primary combustion chamber 25 that directly injects waste into pyrolysis and combusts. Largely composed of (40); The primary combustion unit 20 and the secondary combustion chamber 40 form a castable 12 inside the cylindrical case 11, but the castable 12 has a two-stage air supply having a small outlet and a large inlet. Nozzles 50, 51, and 52 are formed, and an air jacket 13 is formed between the case 11 and the castable 12; The air jacket 13 is connected to the blower 14 provided above the incinerator 10 by a duct 15 having a dog and a closed valve 16; The primary combustion section 20 is made of a triangular prism-shaped fireproof material cut off the upper faucet formed with a long length groove in the center portion of the bottom on the lower jaw 21 formed by protruding the castable 12 in the middle. Rostol 22 is provided; The pyrolysis chamber 24 provided above and around the rostol 22 and the primary combustion chamber provided below; It is connected to the lower side of the primary combustion chamber 25 and the connection passage 43, and the auxiliary burner 41 is inclined upwardly in the same direction as the air supply nozzle 52, and completely burns the introduced gas again. Secondary combustion chamber; A conventional cyclone (60) including a thermocouple (44) for temperature sensing above the secondary combustion chamber (40) and a caster for separating completely burned unburned gas and dust; The ejector 65 connected to the outlet of the cyclone 60 is composed of a venturi 62, an air discharge pipe 64, and a separate blower 63 to prevent backfire into the inlet and attract the combustion gas. Pyrolysis combined cylindrical waste incinerator of the multi-stage cyclone combustion method, characterized in that consisting of a discharge cylinder 61 is installed in the middle.