JP4608636B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an incinerator used for incineration of, for example, general waste such as household waste and industrial waste.

  Conventionally, as an incinerator, an incinerator is generally introduced from an openable / closable inlet provided in the furnace body, the incinerator is burned by a burner in a combustion chamber, and the smoke generated by the combustion is discharged from the chimney. However, with such a primary combustion method, combustion of incinerated materials in the furnace tends to be incomplete combustion, releasing a large amount of harmful substances such as dioxin, dust, and CO-containing smoke. It is a major cause of environmental pollution.

  Therefore, in addition to the primary combustion chamber for burning the incinerated products, a secondary combustion chamber for further combustion of the combustion gas from the primary combustion chamber is formed inside the furnace body above the primary combustion chamber, and a reburn burner is used. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have proposed that the combustion of unburned gas such as CO and soot is promoted by reburning.

  However, although the combustion furnaces of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 can improve the combustion effect to some extent by providing the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is divided into upper walls of the primary combustion chamber by a partition wall. Since the entire incinerator is enlarged and the heat in the secondary combustion chamber is not used for heating the incinerated material in the primary combustion chamber, the heat loss is large and the fuel cost is high. There is a problem that the operation cost is high and uneconomical.

  In addition, a horizontal auxiliary combustion cylinder is provided in the furnace body, incineration material is introduced from the inlet above the auxiliary combustion cylinder, a burner flame is injected from one end of the auxiliary combustion cylinder to burn the incineration material, and the exhaust gas is discharged. Patent Document 3 proposes an incinerator that leads to a vertical secondary combustion cylinder and reburns it.

Similarly to the incinerator described above, the incinerator of Patent Document 3 is also provided separately in a state in which the secondary combustion cylinder is separated from the auxiliary combustion cylinder for primary combustion. In addition to the increase in size, the heat of the secondary combustion cylinder is not utilized for heating the incinerated product in the auxiliary combustion cylinder, so that there are disadvantages that the heat loss is large and the fuel cost is high, which is uneconomical.
JP-A-9-159128 JP-A-5-231624 JP 2005-291687 A

  Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is compact and has good combustion efficiency, and the emission gas is smokeless and odorless, and the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin, dust, and CO is remarkably reduced. The main purpose is to provide an incinerator that can be used at low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical means. That is, in the incinerator according to the present invention, a furnace body provided with a dry distillation gas chamber for converting the incinerated product into a dry distillation gas, and a first in which the incinerated product in the dry distillation gas chamber is incinerated and converted into a dry distillation gas. A combustor, a combustion cylinder for secondary combustion of the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation gas chamber, a dry distillation gas inflow hole formed in a peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder for flowing the dry distillation gas into the combustion cylinder, and a combustion cylinder And a chimney for discharging the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the outside, and a part of the combustion cylinder including at least the dry distillation gas inflow hole is dry distillation gas. Disposed in the region of the chamber, the combustion cylinder is disposed vertically through the dry gas chamber, and a second combustor is provided at the upper end thereof, communicated with the chimney at the lower portion of the combustion cylinder, Distilled gas for allowing the distilled gas to flow into the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder at the top of the gas chamber And a structure in hole is provided.

Since the incinerator according to the present invention is configured as described above, the dry gas in the dry gas chamber generated by the combustion of the first combustor flows into the combustion cylinder and is recombusted by the second combustor. Since the part including the inhalation gas inflow hole is arranged so as to penetrate the region of the inhalation gas chamber, the radiant heat from the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder in the inhalation gas chamber is used for heating the inhalation gas. The combustion efficiency can be further increased, which makes it possible to reduce the generation of toxic substances such as smokeless and odorless, dioxins, dust, CO, etc. and reduce fuel consumption. is there. In addition, in the present invention, the combustion cylinder is disposed vertically through the dry distillation gas chamber, and a second combustor is provided at the upper end of the combustion cylinder. The combustion cylinder is communicated with the chimney at the lower portion of the combustion cylinder. In the upper part of the combustion cylinder, the structure is provided with the dry distillation gas inflow hole for allowing the dry distillation gas to flow into the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder. Since it flows downward, the heat of the hot exhaust gas after combustion of the dry distillation gas can be effectively used as radiant heat from the cylindrical wall in a wide range from the upper part to the lower part of the combustion cylinder in the dry distillation gas chamber, and the combustion cylinder is There is an effect that the composition can be made compact in a state that does not protrude greatly to the side.

(Means and effects for solving other problems)
In the above invention, it is preferable to provide a cooling means for cooling at least a part of the portion disposed in the dry gas chamber of the combustion cylinder. In this case, it is preferable that the cooling means is formed so as to be air-cooled by outside air, and the air used for air-cooling is used as the combustion air of the second combustor.
Thereby, while being able to prevent the thermal damage of the combustion cylinder by the high temperature inside a furnace body, the combustion effect of a 2nd combustor can be accelerated | stimulated with the air heated by heat exchange.

In the present invention, the first combustor and / or the second combustor includes a fuel injection nozzle and an air swirl supply device that supplies air in a tangential direction with respect to a fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle. It is preferable to have a structure that is provided so as to generate a vortex in the supplied air.
Thereby, air and fuel can be mixed and stirred effectively, and combustion efficiency can be improved.

  The specific contents of the incinerator according to the present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention. A dry distillation gas chamber 2 is provided inside the furnace main body 1, and an inlet 3 for introducing incinerated products into the dry distillation gas chamber 2 is provided on the wall surface of the furnace main body 1. In addition, a first combustor 4 such as a burner for burning the incinerated substance C put into the dry distillation gas chamber 2 is disposed below the dry distillation gas chamber 2.

  Further, a combustion cylinder 7 is provided for recombusting the dry distillation gas generated by burning the incinerated substance C in the dry distillation gas chamber 2. The combustion cylinder 7 is formed by a vertically long cylinder member 7 provided with a plurality of dry distillation gas inflow holes 6 through which dry distillation gas flows into the combustion cylinder in the dry distillation gas chamber 2. In the present embodiment, the upper portion of the dry distillation gas chamber 2 is formed so as to project to the side of the furnace body like a soot, and the combustion cylinder 7 is arranged so as to penetrate the protruding dry distillation gas chamber 2 up and down. In addition, a second combustor 8 such as a burner for combusting the dry distillation gas flowing into the combustion cylinder 7 from the dry distillation gas inflow hole 6 is provided at the upper end of the combustion cylinder 7, and the lower part of the combustion cylinder 7 stores the dry distillation gas. A chimney 12 for discharging exhaust gas generated by combustion to the outside is connected.

  The first combustor 4 and the second combustor 8 include a fuel injection nozzle 9, an air swirl supply device 10 that supplies air in a tangential direction with respect to the fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle 9, and combustion air intake As shown in FIG. 3, the air swirler 10 includes a mouth 11 and an ignition device (not shown). The air swirler 10 has a ring shape in cross section, and is opened in a tangential direction from the outer peripheral surface toward the inner space. An introduction hole 10a is provided, and is formed so as to generate a vortex in a flame caused by air introduced from the introduction hole 10a and fuel from the fuel injection nozzle 9.

  In the above-described configuration, the incinerated gas C is generated in the dry distillation gas chamber 2 by putting the incinerated material C into the dry distillation gas chamber 2 and operating the first combustor 4 to burn the incinerated material. The dry distillation gas flows into the combustion cylinder 7 from the dry distillation gas inflow hole 6, is reburned by the flame of the second combustor 8 and is almost completely burned, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 12 to the outside. In the dry distillation gas chamber 2, radiant heat is radiated from the cylindrical wall of the combustion cylinder 7 to the dry distillation gas chamber 2 to heat the incinerated substance C and further promote combustion efficiency. As a result, the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney 12 is smokeless and odorless, and the contents of harmful substances such as dioxin, dust, and CO can be significantly reduced, and fuel consumption can be reduced. In addition, it is preferable that the combustion cylinder 7 is formed of at least a portion located in the dry distillation gas chamber 2 with a material having excellent thermal conductivity such as iron. Thereby, the calorie | heat amount of the radiant heat from the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 7 can be raised.

  Further, in the combustors 4 and 8, air is supplied in a tangential direction from the air introduction hole 10 a of the air swirl feeder 10 with respect to the fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle 9, so that a vortex flow is generated in the ignited flame. Thus, air and fuel are mixed and stirred efficiently, and can be burned efficiently.

  FIG. 4 shows an embodiment provided with a cooling means 13 for cooling a portion of the combustion cylinder 7 arranged in the dry distillation gas chamber 2. In this embodiment, the cooling means 13 is air-cooled by outside air. It is formed as follows. That is, a part of the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 7 has a double wall structure with a gap 14 in the dry distillation gas chamber 2, and the upper end of the gap 14 is communicated with the air swirl feeder 10 of the second combustor 8. The lower end communicates with the air intake 15. Thereby, while being able to prevent the thermal damage of the combustion cylinder 7 by the high temperature in the dry distillation gas chamber 2, the combustion of the 2nd combustor 8 can be accelerated | stimulated with the air heated by heat exchange. It has become.

  FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the cooling means 13 is a water cooling system. The lower end of the gap 14 of the combustion cylinder 7 having a double wall structure is communicated with the cooling water intake 16, and the gap The upper end of 14 communicates with the cooling water outlet 17. Therefore, in this embodiment, the hot water heated by heat exchange and taken out from the cooling water outlet 17 can be effectively used for a bath or the like.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to arrange so that most of the combustion cylinder 4 is disposed in the dry distillation gas chamber 2. In this way, the area of heat radiation from the combustion cylinder 7 in the dry distillation gas chamber 2 can be increased to obtain a large amount of radiant heat, whereby the combustion of the first combustor 4 can be kept low, Alternatively, it is possible to temporarily stop the fuel consumption, thereby further reducing fuel consumption.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be appropriately modified and implemented within the scope having the constituent features of the present invention and having the above-described effects.

  The incinerator of the present invention is not limited to home use, and can be used in a wide range as a simple incinerator in a business office or factory.

Sectional drawing which shows one Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. The AA sectional view taken on the line in FIG. . FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1, showing the air swirl feeder of the first and second combustors in the present invention. Sectional drawing which shows another Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing which shows another Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace body 2 Distilled gas chamber 3 Input port 4 1st combustor 6 Dried gas inflow port 7 Combustion cylinder 8 2nd combustor 9 Fuel injection nozzle 10 Air swirl supply device 11 Air intake port 12 Chimney

Claims (3)

  A furnace body having a dry distillation gas chamber for gasifying the incinerated gas, a first combustor for incinerating the incinerated gas in the dry gas chamber and gasifying it, and a dry gas generated in the dry gas chamber A combustion cylinder for secondary combustion of the gas, a dry gas inflow hole formed in the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder for allowing the dry gas to flow into the combustion cylinder, and a second combustion for burning the dry gas in the combustion cylinder And a chimney for discharging the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the outside, and a part of the combustion cylinder including at least the dry distillation gas inflow hole is disposed in the region of the dry distillation gas chamber, Is disposed vertically through the dry gas chamber, and a second combustor is provided at the upper end thereof, communicated with the chimney at the lower part of the combustion cylinder, and flows into the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder at the upper part of the dry gas chamber An incinerator equipped with a dry gas inflow hole. Cooling means for cooling at least a portion of the combustion cylinder disposed in the dry distillation gas chamber is provided, and the cooling means is formed so as to be air-cooled by outside air. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the waste incinerator is used as combustion air of a combustor. The combustor includes a fuel injection nozzle and an air swirl supply device that supplies air in a direction tangential to the fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle, and is configured to generate a vortex in the supplied air. incinerator according to claim 1 or claim 2 are.

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