JP4415087B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an incinerator used for incineration of, for example, general waste such as household waste and industrial waste.

  Conventionally, as an incinerator, an incinerator is generally introduced from an openable / closable inlet provided in the furnace body, the incinerator is burned by a burner in a combustion chamber, and the smoke generated by the combustion is discharged from the chimney. However, with such a primary combustion method, combustion of incinerated materials in the furnace tends to be incomplete combustion, releasing a large amount of harmful substances such as dioxin, dust, and CO-containing smoke. It is a major cause of environmental pollution.

  Therefore, in addition to the primary combustion chamber for burning the incinerated products, a secondary combustion chamber for further combustion of the combustion gas from the primary combustion chamber is formed inside the furnace body above the primary combustion chamber, and a reburn burner is used. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have proposed recombustion to promote combustion of unburned gas such as CO and soot.

  However, although the combustion furnaces of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 can improve the combustion effect to some extent by providing the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is divided into upper walls of the primary combustion chamber by a partition wall. Since the entire incinerator is enlarged and the heat in the secondary combustion chamber is not used for heating the incinerated material in the primary combustion chamber, the heat loss is large and the fuel cost is high. There is a problem that it is uneconomical due to high operating costs.

  As another alternative, a pyrolysis gas chamber is provided in the furnace body, a radiation tube is passed through the pyrolysis gas chamber, a flame is supplied into the radiation tube by a burner, and the incineration material is generated in the pyrolysis gas chamber by radiation heating of the radiation tube. Patent Document 3 discloses a method in which dry distillation gas is generated by radiative heating of the gas and the dry distillation gas is combusted in a combustion chamber connected to the radiation cylinder.

According to the incinerator of Patent Document 3, the heat of the dry distilled gas incinerated in the combustion chamber is exhausted to the outside together with the flame of the burner, so the heat loss is large and the structure is not simple. However, there are drawbacks such as poor combustion efficiency and high fuel efficiency. Further, when the incinerated product contains a large amount of water, there is a problem that it takes time to evaporate the water only with the radiant heat from the cylinder, and the total combustion time becomes long.
JP-A-9-159128 JP-A-5-231624 JP 2003-56814 A

  Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is compact and has good combustion efficiency, and the emission gas is smokeless and odorless, and the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin, dust, and CO is remarkably reduced. The main purpose is to provide an incinerator that can be used at low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical means. That is, in the incinerator according to the present invention, a furnace body provided with a dry distillation gas chamber for converting the incinerated product into dry distillation gas, an inlet for introducing the incinerated product into the dry distillation gas chamber, and a dry distillation A combustion cylinder for incinerating the dry distillation gas generated in the gas chamber, a dry distillation gas inlet hole formed in the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder for flowing the dry distillation gas into the combustion cylinder, and for burning the dry distillation gas in the combustion cylinder And a chimney for exhausting the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the outside, the combustion cylinder is disposed through the region of the dry distillation gas chamber and heats the incineration by radiant heat from the cylinder wall An exhaust gas circulation passage is provided to recycle part of the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the dry distillation gas chamber, and the combustion cylinder is further formed in the dry distillation gas chamber. Is disposed through the top and bottom, and a combustor is provided at the upper end. The dry distillation gas inflow hole for allowing the dry distillation gas to flow into the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder is provided at the upper part of the dry distillation gas chamber, and an exhaust circulation channel connected to the dry distillation gas chamber and an exhaust outlet connected to the chimney are provided at the lower part of the combustion cylinder The structure is provided .

Since the incinerator according to the present invention is configured as described above, the incinerated product is heated to dry distillation gas by the radiant heat from the cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber, and this dry distillation gas flows into the combustion cylinder and is burned by the combustor. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the generation of smokeless, odorless and harmful substances such as dioxins, dust, CO, etc., and in addition, an exhaust circulation flow that recirculates part of the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the dry distillation gas chamber Since the structure is provided with a passage, high-temperature exhaust gas after combustion of the combustor and dry distillation gas can be used again for heating the incinerated product, thereby radiating heat and reflux from the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder it is possible to further enhance the combustion efficiency by heating high temperature exhaust gas, Ru can be achieved savings in fuel consumption. Further, in the present invention, the combustion cylinder is disposed vertically through the dry distillation gas chamber, and a combustor is provided at an upper end of the combustion cylinder, and the dry distillation gas for allowing the dry distillation gas to flow into the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder at the upper part of the dry distillation gas chamber. An inflow hole is provided, and an exhaust circulation passage that is connected to the dry gas chamber and an exhaust port that is connected to the chimney are provided in the lower part of the combustion cylinder. The heat of the exhaust gas can be effectively used as radiant heat from the cylinder wall in a wide range from the upper part to the lower part of the combustion cylinder, and the exhaust circulation flow path connecting from the combustion cylinder to the dry distillation gas chamber can be easily formed to simplify the structure. Ru can be achieved, there is an excellent effect such.

(Means and effects for solving other problems)
In the above invention, a structure may be provided in which a second combustor for burning the incinerated material in the dry distillation gas chamber to generate combustion gas in the dry distillation gas chamber is provided in the dry distillation gas chamber.
Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the dry distillation gas in a dry distillation gas chamber can further be accelerated | stimulated.

In the present invention, the combustor includes a fuel injection nozzle and an air swirl supply device that supplies air in a tangential direction with respect to the fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle, and generates a vortex in the supplied air. It is preferable that the structure is formed so that the
Thereby, air and fuel are mixed and stirred efficiently, and it becomes possible to improve combustion efficiency.

  The specific contents of the incinerator according to the present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention. A dry distillation gas chamber 2 is provided inside the furnace main body 1, and a charging port 3 for charging the incinerated material into the dry distillation gas chamber 2 is provided on the wall surface of the furnace main body 1. In addition, a combustion cylinder 4 penetrating vertically is provided in the dry distillation gas chamber 2.

  The combustion cylinder 4 is provided with a dry distillation gas inflow hole 5 for allowing the dry distillation gas to flow into the combustion cylinder 4 in the upper part of the dry distillation gas chamber 2. A combustor 6 such as a burner for burning the dry-distilled gas is provided at the upper end of the combustion cylinder 4. A chimney 12 is connected to the lower portion of the combustion cylinder 4 through the exhaust port 7 for discharging the exhaust gas generated by burning the dry distillation gas to the outside. Further, an exhaust circulation passage 8 is provided for returning a part of the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder 4 from the lower part of the combustion cylinder 4 to the lower part of the dry distillation gas chamber 2. The exhaust circulation passage 8 is formed by opening the lower end of the combustion cylinder 4 in the dry distillation gas chamber 2.

  The combustor 6 includes a fuel injection nozzle 9, an air swirl supply device 10 that supplies air in a tangential direction to the fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle 9, a combustion air intake port 11, and an ignition device (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, the air swirl feeder 10 has a ring-shaped cross section and includes a plurality of air introduction holes 10a that are opened tangentially from the outer peripheral surface toward the inner space. A vortex is generated in the flame of the introduced air and the fuel from the fuel injection nozzle 9.

  In the above configuration, when the combustor 6 is operated by injecting the incinerated material C into the dry distillation gas chamber 2, the radiant heat generated from the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 4 and the high temperature of the combustion cylinder 4 from the exhaust circulation passage 8 are increased. Distilled gas is generated in the dry gas chamber 2 by the exhaust gas. This dry-distilled gas flows into the combustion cylinder 4 from the dry-distilled gas inflow hole 5 and is burned by the flame of the combustor 6, a part of the exhaust gas is discharged outside from the chimney, and the rest is dry-distilled from the exhaust circulation passage 8. The gas is returned to the gas chamber 2. In this way, the incinerated product is almost completely combusted by the combustion of the dry distillation gas in the combustion cylinder 4, the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney 12 is smokeless and odorless, and harmful substances such as dioxin, dust, CO, etc. As a result, the combustion efficiency can be increased by radiant heat from the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 4 and heating of the refluxed high-temperature exhaust gas, thereby reducing fuel consumption. In addition, it is preferable to form the said combustion cylinder 4 with the material excellent in thermal conductivity, such as iron, in the part arrange | positioned in the furnace main body 1. FIG. Thereby, the calorie | heat amount of the radiant heat from the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 4 can be raised.

  Further, in the combustor 6, air is supplied in a tangential direction from the air introduction hole 10 a of the air swirl supply device 10 with respect to the fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle 9, so a vortex flow is generated in the ignited flame and the air The fuel is mixed and stirred efficiently, and can be burned efficiently.

  FIG. 4 shows a slight modification of the connecting portion between the lower end of the combustion cylinder 4 and the chimney 12 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and a pipe 13 connected to the chimney 12 is connected to the lower end opening of the combustion cylinder 4. The gap between the pipe 13 and the cylinder wall of the combustion cylinder 4 is formed as an exhaust circulation channel 8. Also in this case, the same effect as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be exhibited.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, a part of the combustion cylinder 4 may penetrate the dry distillation gas chamber 2 and the other part may be disposed outside the furnace body 1. In this case, the amount of radiant heat applied from the cylindrical wall of the combustion cylinder 4 into the dry distillation gas chamber 2 is reduced, but the amount of heat can be sufficiently compensated by the high-temperature reflux exhaust gas from the exhaust circulation passage 8.

  In the present invention, if necessary, for example, when incineration that is difficult to burn is incinerated, the second combustor 14 is installed below the dry distillation gas chamber 2 as shown in FIG. It may be.

  In addition, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, a flow control valve 15 is provided outside the furnace body 1 at a middle position of the flue 12 ′ connected to the chimney 12 from the exhaust port 7 of the combustion cylinder 4. Preferably, the flow rate in the flue 12 'can be adjusted by manipulating 15 tons. Accordingly, the flow rate of the exhaust gas recirculated to the dry distillation gas chamber 2 can be adjusted by operating the flow rate control valve 15 in accordance with the degree of generation of dry distillation gas that changes according to the amount and content of the incinerated material. I can do it.

  Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the structural requirements of the present invention and the effects described above.

  The incinerator of the present invention is not limited to home use, and can be used in a wide range as a simple incinerator in a business office or factory.

Sectional drawing which shows one Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. The top view of the said incinerator. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, showing the air swirler of the combustor according to the present invention. Sectional drawing which shows another Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing which shows another Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the further another Example of the incinerator which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace body 2 Distilled gas chamber 3 Inlet 4 Combustion cylinder 5 Distilled gas inflow hole 6 Combustor 8 Exhaust circulation flow path 9 Fuel injection nozzle 10 Air swirl feeder 11 Air intake 12 Chimney

Claims (3)

Furnace body equipped with a dry distillation gas chamber to incinerate the incinerated gas, an inlet for injecting the incinerated gas into the dry distillation gas chamber, and combustion to incinerate the dry gas generated in the dry gas chamber A cylinder, a dry gas inflow hole formed in a peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder for flowing the dry gas into the combustion cylinder, a combustor for burning the dry gas in the combustion cylinder, and exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the outside The combustion cylinder is disposed through the region of the dry distillation gas chamber and is formed so as to heat the incinerated product by radiant heat from the cylindrical wall and generate the dry distillation gas in the dry distillation gas chamber. And an exhaust circulation passage for returning a part of the exhaust gas in the combustion cylinder to the dry distillation gas chamber is provided, and the combustion cylinder is disposed vertically through the dry distillation gas chamber and is disposed at the upper end thereof. A combustor is provided, and it is accumulated on the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder at the upper part of the distillation chamber. Scan the dry distillation gas inlet is provided for flowing the incinerator exhaust port is provided communicating with the exhaust circulation passage and the chimney connected to the dry distillation gas chamber to the lower combustion cylinder.   The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a second combustor is provided in the dry distillation gas chamber for burning the incinerated material in the dry distillation gas chamber to generate combustion gas in the dry distillation gas chamber. The combustor includes a fuel injection nozzle and an air swirl supply device that supplies air in a tangential direction with respect to a fuel injection axis of the injection nozzle, and is configured to generate a vortex in the supplied air. The incinerator according to claim 1 or 2.

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