KR102049746B1 - Method for cultivating high quality Astragalus membranaceus plug seedling using nutrition solution having controlled electrical conductivity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating good yellow plug plug seedlings using a nutrient solution having a controlled electrical conductivity, and using the nutrient solution and growing conditions of the present invention, it is possible to improve the growth of yellow seedling seedlings, production of uniform seedlings and improvement of seedling quality. Therefore, high quality Astragalus plug seedlings can be efficiently grown in large quantities.

Description

Method for cultivating high quality Astragalus membranaceus plug seedling using nutrition solution having controlled electrical conductivity}

The present invention relates to a cultivation method of a good yellow plug plug seedling using a nutrient solution having a controlled electrical conductivity.

Seedlings are very important in crop cultivation, and the quality of seedlings is very important for crop cultivation, since the quality of crop seedlings has a great influence on the growth, yield and quality of the main fabric after planting. This requires a lot of effort and skill. In recent years, seedlings and cultivation have become a division of labor, and the plug seedlings which produce and sell seedlings professionally are increasing.

Plug seedling refers to seedlings produced in a container dedicated to seedlings called plug trays to which several small cells are connected. Plug seedlings are aimed at mass production of high quality uniform seedlings, and are equipped with facilities, equipment and materials for seedlings, and work from preparation to seeding of seedlings such as top soil manufacturing and filling, sowing, watering, fertilization and environmental conditions. Because it is organically linked, it is sometimes called a process (meat) seedling in a broad sense. In 1990, Korea introduced the production technology of plug seedlings in 1990 at the Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute. Since then, the number of process nurseries specializing in producing vegetable plug seedlings has steadily increased due to changes in vegetable production conditions, such as the expansion of facility area, the increase of seedling production throughout the year, and the reduction of agricultural labor force.

The need for nutrient cultivation includes the need for production automation due to soil salt accumulation, labor shortage and increased labor costs, the need for increased productivity due to the reduction of cultivated area due to population growth and industrialization, the need for cultivation in non-cultivable areas, low pollution and high quality. Increased consumer desire for products, increased possibility of automation due to the development of various facilities and the development of surrounding industries, and increased year-round demand for high-quality agricultural products as the income increases.

Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to legumes that is widely distributed in Asia, such as Korea, Japan, and Europe, Russia, Bulgaria, etc. The roots are deep, long, stick-shaped, slightly woody, and stems. It is upright, branched a lot on the ground, smooth, glossy or covered with a little hair. As the physiologically active ingredient of the Astragalus, triterpenoid glycosides and flavonoids are mainly composed, and other saponin and polysaccharide components are used, and they have been widely used as a viewing agent since ancient times. It has been used as anorexia, antiperspirant, tonic. In addition, Hwanggi is listed as a medicinal herb in the new agricultural plant, so in the Korean medicine, hundreds of prescriptions such as Gugi-Ikgi-tang, Hwanggi-gun-jung, Hwanggi-ji Geobang-bang, Seopjeondaebo-tang, Gamidaebo-tang, Hwanggi Yukil-tang, and Palbohoechuntang are prescribed. It is a highly functional plant material used a lot.

In order to prepare for the Nagoya Protocol's entry into force and the rise in the price of raw herbal medicines overseas, it is urgent to develop and build a mass production system for stable and economical supply and demand of high-functional plant raw materials used in the new drug industry in Korea.

On the other hand, Korean Patent No. 1738541 discloses 'cultivation method and nutrient solution for the herbaceous genus crops,' and Korean Patent No. 1239500 discloses 'premium mass production method of plug plug seed of hemp,' There is no description of the 'cultivation method of the excellent Astragalus plug seedling using a nutrient solution having a controlled electrical conductivity'.

The present invention is derived from the above requirements, the present inventors are treated with a bottom irrigation water immediately after planting the nutrient solution having adjusted the electrical conductivity level in order to select the optimum nutrient solution conditions for increasing the production of plug seedlings and improve the quality of the seedling As a result, the present invention was completed by confirming that the above-ground growth of Astragalus seedlings was improved under a nutrient solution condition having an electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ .

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises the steps of: (1) seeding the seed of Astragalus in the plug tray filled with topsoil; (2) germinating the yellow seed by applying a nutrient solution having an electric conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ to the plug tray seeded with the yellow seed; And (3) transferring the seed germinated plug tray to the greenhouse and applying the nutrient solution having an electric conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ to raise and grow the seed plug plug seedling. to provide.

The present invention also provides a composition for promoting growth of Astragalus plug seedlings, which contains a nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ as an active ingredient.

The present invention provides the optimal nutrient solution conditions for producing the excellent plug seedlings of Astragalus medicinal crops, it is possible to achieve the effect of improving the growth of Astragalus seedlings, production of uniform seedlings and the improvement of seedling quality, It will be possible to efficiently grow large quantities of high quality Astragalus plug seedlings.

1 is a photograph showing the growth status of Astragalus membranaceus process seedlings 35 days after sowing according to the EC level of the nutrient solution.
Figure 2 is a photograph showing the growth state of Astragalus seedlings 35 days after sowing according to the EC level (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 dS · m ⁻¹ ) of the nutrient solution.
Figure 3 is a photograph showing the growth state of yellow seedlings 35 days after sowing according to the EC level (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 dS · m ⁻¹ ) of the nutrient solution.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention

(1) sowing seed of Astragalus in a plug tray filled with clay;

(2) germinating the yellow seed by applying a nutrient solution having an electric conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ to the plug tray seeded with the yellow seed; And

(3) transferring the seed germination plug tray seed germinated to a greenhouse, applying and raising the nutrient solution having an electric conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ ; do.

Specifically, the method of cultivating the yellow plug plug seedlings with increased growth according to the present invention,

(1) sowing seed of Astragalus in a plug tray filled with clay;

(2) having the electrical conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ in a system in which the plug tray seeded with the Astragalus seeds is maintained at a light intensity in the range of 120 to 180 μmol / m ² / s and a temperature of 18 to 22 ° C. Applying nutrient solution to the plug tray as a bottom irrigation and germinating for 16 to 20 days; And

(3) transferring the germinated yellow-yellow plug tray to a greenhouse and applying a nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ to the plug tray as a bottom irrigation and raising the seed for 15 to 19 days; and More specifically

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method of cultivating an increase in growth of Astragalus plug seedlings,

(1) sowing seeds of Astragalus in a 128-hole plug tray filled with soil;

(2) The nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ in a system in which the plug tray seeded with the Astragalus seeds is sown in a range of 140 to 160 μmol / m ² / s and maintains a temperature of 19 to 21 ° C. Applying to the plug tray as a bottom irrigation and germinating for 18 days; And

(3) transferring the fermented Astragalus plug tray to a glass greenhouse and applying a nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ to the plug tray as a bottom irrigation and raising the seed for 18 days; but not limited thereto. Do not.

In the cultivation method of the Astragalus plug seedling according to an embodiment of the present invention, the nutrient solution is Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ · 4H ₂ O 465 ~ 480 mg / L, KNO ₃ 250 ~ 255 mg / L, KH ₂ PO ₄ 65 ~ 70 mg / l, NH ₄ NO ₃ 35-45 mg / l, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 245-250 mg / l, Fe-EDTA 10.5-11.5 mg / l, H ₃ BO ₃ 1.0-1.5 mg / l , MnSO ₄ H ₂ O 0.5-1.5 mg / l, CuSO ₄ · 5H ₂ O 0.05-0.15 mg / l, ZnSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 0.05-0.15 mg / l and Na ₂ MoO ₄ · 2H ₂ O 0.01- 0.05 mg / L, and more specifically Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ 4H ₂ O 472.5 mg / L, KNO ₃ 252.5 mg / L, KH ₂ PO ₄ 67.5 mg / L, NH ₄ NO ₃ 40.0 mg / l, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 247.5 mg / l, Fe-EDTA 11.1 mg / l, H ₃ BO ₃ 1.3 mg / l, MnSO ₄ · H ₂ O 1.0 mg / l, CuSO ₄ · 5H ₂ O 0.1 mg / L, ZnSO ₄ .7H ₂ O 0.1 mg / L and Na ₂ MoO ₄ · 2H ₂ O 0.03 mg / L, but are not limited thereto.

The term 'electric conductivity' refers to the inverse of the electrical resistance between electrodes when the electrode having a cross-sectional area of 1 cm ² is 1 cm apart. The unit is mho, but the electrical conductivity of nutrient solution is mS / cm = dS / m for convenience. Since the more ions dissolved in the nutrient solution, the more easily electricity flows. Therefore, the higher the electrical conductivity, the higher the amount of ions and the higher the concentration of nutrients. If the electrical conductivity is too high, growth is suppressed and the leaves are yellowed. If the electrical conductivity is too low, the growth is also slowed because of lack of nutrients.

The term 'plug seedling' refers to seedlings grown in individual cells containing a small amount of cohesive medium. In the plug seedling production system, the seeds are mechanically sown in a plug tray having several tens to hundreds of cells. One plant is produced. Compared to the cultivation method, it has higher seeding speed and accuracy, uniform seedling, less injury during transplantation, faster seedling growth, easier transport and handling of seedling, better space utilization, and less labor. have.

In the cultivation method of Astragalus plug seedling according to the present invention, the increased growth may be grass length, root length, leaf area, SPAD value, above-ground biomass and above-ground building, but not limited thereto, such as astragalus, leaf width or leaf tree Increased ground growth of plug seedlings may be characterized.

In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a composition for promoting growth of Astragalus plug seedlings, which contains a nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 1.8 to 2.3 dS · m ⁻¹ as an active ingredient. . The composition of the present invention, the nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity adjusted to the optimum conditions that can increase the growth of the Astragalus, as an active ingredient, the growth of the Astragalus plug seedlings can be enhanced by using the composition of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. However, the following examples are merely to illustrate the invention, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

1. Experiment Method

Astragalus membranaceus (Danong Co., Korea) is a 128-hole plug tray (54x28x4.8 cm) filled with top soil (Tosilee, ShinanGro Co. Ltd., Korea) on August 24, 2017. Sowing was carried out. After sowing, germination was carried out for 18 days in a hermetic plant production system (C1200H3, FC Poibe Co. Ltd., Korea) of Gyeongsang National University. Germination environment: temperature 20 ± 1 ℃, brightness 150 ± 10μmol · m ⁻² · s ^-1 PPFD, photoperiod 10/14 hours (bright / memory), light source fluorescent lamp (FHF32SSEX-D, Osram Co. Ltd., Germany) Set to. After germination, seedlings were grown for 17 days until September 27, 2017 in a glass roof greenhouse at Gyeongsang National University. The nutrient solution was bottom irrigated at intervals of 3 days immediately after sowing at the EC 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 dS · m ⁻¹ level.

Nutrient composition used in the present invention Chemical Concentration (mg / l) Chemical Concentration (mg / l) Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ .4H ₂ O 472.5 Fe-EDTA 11.10 KNO ₃ 252.5 H ₃ BO ₃ 1.30 KH ₂ PO ₄ 67.5 MnSO ₄ H ₂ O 1.00 NH ₄ NO ₃ 40.0 CuSO ₄ · 5H ₂ O 0.10 MgSO _{4 7} H ₂ O 247.5 ZnSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O 0.10 Na ₂ MoO ₄ 2H ₂ O 0.03

EC level control of the nutrient solution was prepared in the nutrient solution based on the nutrient composition table and then used for the experiment by adjusting the desired level of EC and pH through dilution. The compound concentration, that is, the compounding ratio of the macroelement and the trace element is the same even if the EC level is changed as shown in Table 1, and the concentration of the compound is also changed as the EC level is changed.

2. Survey Items

The initial germination rate of Astragalus according to nutrient EC level was examined by the number of seeds germinated up to 5 days after sowing, and the final germination rate was expressed as a percentage (%) by examining the number of seeds germinated up to 18 days after sowing. The average number of germinations was calculated by dividing the number of seeds germinated by the number of days examined, and T ₅₀ was the number of days spent until 50% germination of the final germination rate. The seedling growth was measured at 35 days after planting, and the SPAD values were measured in the height, leaf length, leaf width, maximum root length, number of leaves, leaf area, ground level and ground level and leaf area measuring device (LI-3000, LI-COR Inc.). , USA), and ground and underground live weights and buildings were measured using an electronic balance (EW220-3NM, Kern & Sohn GmbH., Germany). The dry weight was measured using an electronic balance after drying the sample in a 70 ℃ constant temperature dryer (Venticell-222, MMM Medcenter Einrichtungen GmbH., Germany) for 72 hours. SPAD values were measured using a chlorophyll meter (SPAD-502, Konica Minolta Inc., Japan). Chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv / Fm) was selected using a chlorophyll fluorescence spectrometer (PAM-2100, Heinz Walz GmbH Co. Ltd., Effeltrich, Germany) after 30 days of cancer screening. Was measured. The minimum fluorescence value (Fo) was measured by irradiating the LED with PPFD lower than 0.1mol · m ^-2 · s ^-1 using 0.6kHz measured light as the optical fiber, and the maximum fluorescence value (Fm) was 7,000mol · m at 20kHz. ^It was measured by irradiating a saturated light of ^-2 s ^-1 for 0.8 seconds. Fv / Fm values were calculated using the formula Fv / Fm = (Fm-Fo) / Fm

Example 1 Analysis of Growth Characteristics of Astragalus Plug Seedling According to Electrical Conductivity Level

Initial germination rate, final germination rate, and average germination number of Astragalus were not significantly different among all EC levels. Astragalus tended to increase with increasing EC levels, but there were no significant differences in root length. Leaf area, SPAD value, and ground weight and dry weight tended to increase with increasing EC level, but there was no significant difference between underground weight and dry weight. Chlorophyll fluorescence values representing plant stress were not significantly different at all EC levels. Through the above results, it was found that managing the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution at the time of raising seedlings at 1.0 dSm ⁻¹ or more is suitable for growing on the ground.

Initial germination rate and final germination rate, mean germination number, T ₅₀ . EC (dS / m) Initial germination rate (%) Final germination rate (%) Average germination T ₅₀ 0.25 10.4 a * 47.9 a 2.9 a 9.0 a 0.50 8.6 a 45.8 a 2.8 a 9.7 a 1.00 10.4 a 50.3 a 3.0 a 9.7 a

*: Test between columns by Duncan's multiple test at p = 0.05.

Growth of Astragalus Seedlings According to EC Levels of Nutrient Solution (35 days after sowing) EC (dS / m) Extra long (cm) Leaf area (cm ² ) Root length (cm) SPAD Chlorophyll Fluorescence
(Fv / Fm) 0.25 7.3 c ^* 5.3 c 6.7 a 25.1 c 0.76 a 0.50 10.1 b 7.8 b 7.0 a 29.5 b 0.79 a 1.00 14.4 a 14.0 a 6.9 a 38.2 a 0.78 a

*: Test between columns by Duncan's multiple test at p = 0.05.

Growth of Astragalus Seedlings According to EC Levels of Nutrient Solution (35 days after sowing) EC (dS / m)
Live weight (g) Building weight (g) stem Root stem Root 0.25 0.1 c ^z 0.06 a 0.02 c 0.007 b 0.50 0.2 b 0.08 a 0.03 b 0.009 a 1.00 0.3 a 0.10 a 0.05 a 0.010 a

*: Test between columns by Duncan's multiple test at p = 0.05.

Example 2 Growth Characteristics of Astragalus Plug Seedling Under High Electrical Conductivity

Through Example 1, it was found that the growth of the plug seedling improved as the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution increased. Thus, in order to confirm the growth characteristics of the Astragalus plug seedlings under conditions higher than those of Example 1, the above-described nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 or 3.5 dS · m ⁻¹ was used. In the same way, the growth characteristics of Astragali plug seedlings were analyzed. The experiment was conducted from December 18, 2017 to January 21, 2018.

As a result, as shown in Tables 5 and 6, it was confirmed that the live weight and dry weight of the grass, root, ground, and underground parts were the best when the electrical conductivity was 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ . For reference, the results of Table 3 and Table 4 showed that the experiment was performed in the summer, the value of the overall growth index was higher than the results of Table 5 and Table 6 performed in the winter. However, as shown in Tables 5 and 6, most of the growth characteristics tend to be excellent under the electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ compared to the electrical conductivity of 1.0 dS · m ⁻¹ , which showed the best growth characteristics in the summer. In consideration of this, it was found that the optimum electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution during seedling of the Astragalus plug seedling was 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ .

Growth of Astragalus Seedlings According to EC Levels of Nutrient Solution (35 days after sowing) EC (dS / m) Extra long (cm) Leaf area (cm ² ) Root length (cm) SPAD Chlorophyll Fluorescence
(Fv / Fm) 1.0 11.0 b 7.3 a 4.1 b 23.3 abc 0.807 a 1.5 11.6 ab 5.0 b 5.3 ab 25.1 abc 0.814 a 2.0 12.3 a 6.8 a 5.9 a 26.9 a 0.819 a 2.5 10.7 b 4.1 b 4.7 ab 26.5 ab 0.825 a 3.0 9.5 c 3.9 b 5.2 ab 21.9 c 0.818 a 3.5 9.3 c 4.0 b 4.7 ab 22.2 bc 0.818 a

*: Test between columns by Duncan's multiple test at p = 0.05.

Growth of Astragalus Seedlings According to EC Levels of Nutrient Solution (35 days after sowing) EC (dS / m)
Live weight (mg) In building weight (mg) stem Root stem Root 1.0 173.8 ab 26.5 a 22.2 ab 2.2 ab 1.5 154.1 bc 27.7 a 18.3 bc 2.2 ab 2.0 202.3 a 35.3 a 25.3 a 2.9 a 2.5 145.9 bc 29.3 a 15.5 cd 1.8 b 3.0 139.5 c 35.1 a 14.1 cd  2.3 ab 3.5 127.4 c 29.3 a 12.8 d 1.9 b

*: Test between columns by Duncan's multiple test at p = 0.05.

Claims (5)

(1) sowing seeds of Astragalus in a 128-hole plug tray filled with soil;
(2) A nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ in a system in which the plug tray in which the Astragalus seeds are sown is maintained in a brightness range of 140 to 160 μmol / m ² / s and a temperature of 19 to 21 ° C. Applying germination to the plug tray at intervals of 3 days and germinating for 18 days; And
(3) transferring the seed plug germinated seed tray to the greenhouse and applying a nutrient solution having an electrical conductivity of 2.0 dS · m ⁻¹ to the plug tray at intervals of 3 days with a bottom irrigation, and raising the seed for 18 days. As a cultivation method of Astragalus plug seedlings with increased root length, leaf area, SPAD value, above-ground biomass and above-ground dry weight,
The nutrient solution was Ca (NO ₃ ) ₂ 4H ₂ O 465-480 mg / l, KNO ₃ 250-255 mg / l, KH ₂ PO ₄ 65-70 mg / l, NH ₄ NO ₃ 35-45 mg / l , MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 245-250 mg / l, Fe-EDTA 10.5-11.5 mg / l, H ₃ BO ₃ 1.0-1.5 mg / l, MnSO ₄ H ₂ O 0.5-1.5 mg / l, CuSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.05 to 0.15 mg / L, ZnSO ₄ .7H ₂ O 0.05 to 0.15 mg / L and Na ₂ MoO ₄ .2H ₂ O 0.01 to 0.05 mg / L. delete delete delete delete

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