KR101843554B1 - manufacturing method of amino acid fertilizer using fish skin - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing an amino acid liquid fertilizer from fish skin. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing an amino acid fertilizer having plenty of amino acid by using a fish byproduct such as fish skin or the like. The method of the present invention comprises: a pretreatment step of washing fish skin which is a byproduct of fish by water to remove foreign substances therefrom, feeding the fish skin to a sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1 to 0.2 M, and agitating the same for 6 to 24 hours to peel scales attached on the fish skin; a crushing step of drying the fish and crushing the fish skin to obtain a fish powder; a preliminary decomposition step of feeding 100 to 300 parts by weight of a potassium hydroxide solution into a reaction tank with respect to 100 parts by weight of the fish powder, stirring the reaction tank for 1 to 3 days while applying ultrasonic waves into the reaction tank, and preliminarily hydrolyzing protein; a secondarily decomposition step of feeding a sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction tank after the preliminary decomposition step, and stirring the same to secondarily hydrolyze the protein; and a neutralization step of mixing nitric acid with an amino acid solution obtained in the secondary decomposition step, and neutralizing the mixture.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing amino acid liquid fertilizer from an animal,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for producing amino acid-rich amino acid fertilizers by using fish by-products such as fish hulls and the like.

Fertilizers are substances that are given to the soil in order to give nutrients to plants. In particular, the elements that need to be given in large quantities are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are called the three elements of fertilizer. Fertilizers containing three elements of fertilizer are called nitrogen fertilizer, phosphoric acid fertilizer, and carly fertilizer, respectively, and those containing these three elements in appropriate proportions are sometimes referred to as compound fertilizers.

The fertilizer that is produced industrially by chemical treatment is called chemical fertilizer or artificial fertilizer. Major chemical fertilizers include ammonium sulfate, coal nitrogen, superphosphate coal, potassium chloride, and potassium sulfate, but in recent years, many of them have been commercialized as a compound fertilizer combining these.

The use of various chemical fertilizers to promote plant growth has also produced positive results, such as increased production, but also has negative effects such as soil acidification and eutrophication of water due to continued use and overuse. In addition, few fertilizers have the function of inhibiting or killing the growth of plant pathogens. Therefore, the use of toxic pesticides is essential, resulting in an increase in crop production costs and destruction of ecosystems.

Therefore, there is a desperate need to develop a method for producing a fertilizer having a relatively low ecosystem disturbance or a fertilizer having a natural material system using an animal material or a functional fertilizer having a bactericidal property.

Fertilizers using plant or animal material have amino acid fertilizers, which can replace conventional inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and are known to be very effective in promoting plant growth, especially because plants absorb amino acids directly without photosynthesis.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0012666 discloses a method for producing amino acid fertilizer using slaughter waste.

The method for producing the amino acid fertilizer is an amino acid derived from a livestock animal such as a cattle, a pig, a chicken, etc., and there is a concern about a safety problem against pathogenic factors such as mad cow disease, pig cholera and avian influenza.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0012666: Method for producing amino acid fertilizer using slaughter waste

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing amino acid-rich amino acid fertilizer using fish by-products such as fish hulls.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing amino acid liquid fertilizer, which comprises washing a fish by-product, which is a byproduct of fish, with water, removing the foreign substance, adding the mixture to 0.1 to 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution, A pretreatment step of desorbing scales attached to the skin; A crushing step of drying and crushing the skin to obtain an artificial powder; A primary disaggregation step of initially adding 100 to 300 parts by weight of a potassium hydroxide solution to 100 parts by weight of the skin powder, stirring the mixture for 1 to 3 days while applying ultrasonic waves to the inside of the reaction vessel to hydrolyze the protein first; A secondary disaggregation step in which the sodium hydroxide solution is added to the reaction tank after the primary disaggregation step and then stirred to hydrolyze the protein in a second order; And a neutralization step of neutralizing the amino acid solution obtained in the secondary decomposition step by mixing nitric acid.

Characterized in that the skin is a salmon skin.

And adding and mixing 1 to 10 parts by weight of a Chinese Rhodiola extract to 100 parts by weight of the amino acid solution after the neutralization step.

As described above, the present invention can produce amino acid-rich amino acid fertilizers using fish by-products such as fish shells and the like.

In addition, the present invention has an advantage of being able to utilize waste byproduct as a useful resource.

Hereinafter, a method for producing an amino acid liquid fertilizer from an artificial soil according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

In the method of manufacturing amino acid liquid fertilizer from the skin according to an embodiment of the present invention, the skin, which is a byproduct of fish, is washed with water to remove the foreign substance, and then it is put into 0.1 to 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution and stirred for 6 to 24 hours to attach A pretreatment step of desorbing the scales; A crushing step of drying and crushing the skin to obtain an artificial powder; A primary disaggregation step of initially adding 100 to 300 parts by weight of a potassium hydroxide solution to 100 parts by weight of the skin powder, stirring the mixture for 1 to 3 days while applying ultrasonic waves to the inside of the reaction vessel to hydrolyze the protein first; A secondary disaggregation step in which the sodium hydroxide solution is added to the reaction tank after the primary disaggregation step and then stirred to hydrolyze the protein in a second order; And a neutralization step of neutralizing the amino acid solution obtained in the secondary decomposition step by mixing nitric acid. Each step will be examined in detail.

1. Pre-processing step

The present invention utilizes fish as an amino acid source. The amino acid derived from fish has an advantage that the safety against pathogenic factors is higher than the amino acid derived from the livestock such as cattle, pigs, and chickens.

Preferably, by-products generated during processing of fish are used. As such a by-product, there can be mentioned an ear which is a shell of a fish. More preferably, the shell of the salmon can be used as the skin. Since the salmon is processed in large quantities for the sake or canning, the salmon skin is easier to secure the material than other fish. In addition, the salmon bark produced in the salmon processing process has an advantage that the seasonal effect is relatively small and the maintenance work is relatively easy as compared with other fishes.

Since the skin is mainly produced in the fish processing process, it is washed 2 or 3 times with clean water to remove various foreign matter and blood in the skin.

After washing with water, the next drying step can be carried out, but the scales attached to the skin are preferably removed before drying. When the grinding process described below is performed without removing the scales, the pulverizer discharge port is clogged due to the scales, so that it takes a lot of time in the pulverizing operation and the parts of the pulverizer discharge part are broken due to the increase of the pulverizing water pressure There are various problems such as the occurrence of the phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to remove scales attached to the skin. If the scales are removed manually by the operator using the tool, the process will be difficult and time consuming.

Therefore, the present invention uses a sodium hydroxide solution so as to simply and effectively remove scales attached to the skin. For example, the skin, which has been washed with water and the foreign substance is removed, is put into a 0.1 to 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution and agitated for 6 to 24 hours to remove the scales attached to the skin. Agitation in the sodium hydroxide solution will effectively remove scales, although there is some difference depending on the fish species. In the 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution, 80 to 90% of the scale is removed, and in the 0.2 M sodium hydroxide solution, 90 to 100% of the scale is removed. Remove the scale and rinse again with water.

In addition, the speed of scales removal can be shortened by applying an ultrasonic wave to the sodium hydroxide solution contained in the stirring tank and stirring it. For example, an ultrasonic vibrator may be installed on the bottom of the stirring tank and stirred while applying ultrasonic waves of 40 to 60 kHz into the stirring tank. Ultrasonic vibration is applied to the skin in a state in which the adhesion force of the scales is weakened by the sodium hydroxide solution so that the scales can be more easily removed.

As described above, according to the present invention, scales can be very easily removed by using a sodium hydroxide solution, so that clogging of the crusher discharging part is not caused at the crushing of the crusher, and the breakage of the crusher parts due to clogging does not occur. And the manual operation for removing the scales can be omitted, thereby shortening the manufacturing time and reducing the cost and manpower.

2. Grinding step

Next, the pre-treated skin in the pretreatment step is dried and pulverized.

The skin can be dried to a moisture content of 2 to 7% by weight. A freeze-drying method and a hot-air drying method can be applied. Preferably, a freeze drying (FD) method is used to prevent denaturation of the collagen.

Rapidly frozen at a temperature of -50 to -40 DEG C for 10 to 20 hours, and then dried at about -40 DEG C for 48 hours in a freeze dryer having a degree of vacuum of 0.1 to 0.5 torr. It is needless to say that the conventional freeze-drying method applicable to the manufacture of foods can be applied.

If the lid is freeze-dried, since the moisture is removed by sublimation in the frozen state, the dried product has a light porous structure and maintains its original shape and size, and is treated at a low temperature without applying heat, Migration of soluble components in drying, nonenzymatic browning, protein denaturation, etc. hardly occurs.

In the case of hot air drying, the skin can be dried by hot air at 40 to 50 ° C.

The dried skin is pulverized to an appropriate size using a pulverizer to obtain an artificial powder. For example, 50 to 150 mesh size.

3. 1st disintegration step

An alkaline solution is added to the egg powder to hydrolyze the protein first to produce an amino acid.

A potassium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 10 to 20% (w / w) can be used as the alkali solution.

For the primary hydrolysis, the reaction mixture is added with the potash and potassium hydroxide solution. For example, 100 to 300 parts by weight of a potassium hydroxide solution is added to 100 parts by weight of an egg powder, and the mixture is stirred for 1 to 3 days to decompose the protein. At this time, in order to increase the protein decomposition rate, it is preferable to stir while adding ultrasonic wave to the inside of the reaction tank. The processing conditions of the applicable ultrasonic waves are not particularly limited, but preferably 40 to 50 W and 40 to 60 kHz are applied.

With the above-described alkali solution, proteins in the skin are firstly digested with peptides or amino acids.

4. Second disintegration step

After the first disaggregation step, the sodium hydroxide solution is added to the reaction vessel, and the mixture is stirred to hydrolyze the protein secondarily.

Since the primary amino acid solution obtained through the primary disaggregation step has a high viscosity and a part of the undegraded protein, it is possible to lower the viscosity of the solution and further decompose the undegraded protein through the secondary disaggregation step.

10 to 20 parts by weight of a 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution are added to 100 parts by weight of the primary amino acid solution. Sodium hydroxide solution may be added, followed by stirring for 10 to 20 hours.

5. Neutralization step

Next, nitric acid is neutralized to a pH of about 6 to 8 by mixing the secondary amino acid solution obtained through the secondary disaggregation step with nitric acid.

The nitric acid mixture can supplement the content of nitrogen (N) in the secondary amino acid solution and at the same time neutralize the secondary amino acid solution. 10 to 40 parts by weight of nitric acid may be added to 100 parts by weight of the secondary amino acid solution.

In addition, phosphoric acid and minerals can be further mixed in the neutralization process. Phosphoric acid is to supplement the content of phosphorus (P) in the secondary amino acid solution. Phosphoric acid may be added in an amount of 2 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the secondary amino acid solution.

And the minerals are to supplement the content of minerals in the secondary amino acid solution. The added minerals may be at least one of boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc. The minerals may be added in an amount of 0.01 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the secondary amino acid solution.

Thus, the amino acid liquid fertilizer can be obtained through the neutralization step.

In another embodiment of the present invention, after the neutralization step, 1 to 10 parts by weight of the extract of Huangyan extract may be added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the secondary amino acid solution.

Coptis chinensis is a perennial herbaceous plant cultivated in Korea, Japan and China. Its main ingredients are berberine, palmatine, coptisine, magnoflorine, epiberine, ) And the like.

Chrysanthemum extract can be obtained by adding an extraction solvent to chrysanthemum. As the extraction solvent, at least one selected from water, a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a polyhydric alcohol, or a mixture thereof may be used. As the lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, methanol, ethanol and the like can be used. As the polyhydric alcohol, butylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentylene glycol and the like can be used. Mixtures of water and lower alcohols, mixtures of water and polyhydric alcohols, mixtures of lower alcohols and polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures of water and lower alcohols and polyhydric alcohols can be used as the mixture.

For example, after finely chopping the chrysanthemum, it is immersed in methanol at a weight ratio of 4 to 10 times, extracted at room temperature (20 to 25 ° C) for 12 to 36 hours, and filtered to obtain a Chrysanthemum morifolium extract.

Chrysanthemum morifolium extract has excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and can enhance the functionality of amino acid liquid fertilizer.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation.

Claims (3)

A pretreatment step of washing off the by-product, which is a by-product of the fish, with water to remove impurities, adding the solution to a 0.1 to 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution contained in a stirring tank, and stirring for 6 to 24 hours to remove scale attached to the skin;
A crushing step of drying the crates and crushing them to obtain an artificial crust;
A primary disaggregation step of initially adding 100 to 300 parts by weight of a potassium hydroxide solution to 100 parts by weight of the skin powder, stirring the mixture for 1 to 3 days while applying ultrasonic waves to the inside of the reaction vessel to hydrolyze the protein first;
A secondary disaggregation step in which the sodium hydroxide solution is added to the reaction tank after the primary disaggregation step and then stirred to hydrolyze the protein in a second order;
And a neutralization step of neutralizing the amino acid solution obtained in the secondary decomposition step by mixing nitric acid,
Wherein the pretreatment step is carried out while stirring ultrasonic waves of 40 to 60 kHz into the stirring tank. The method for producing amino acid liquid fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the skin is a salmon skin. The method according to claim 1, further comprising adding 1 to 10 parts by weight of a Rhodiola extract to 100 parts by weight of the amino acid solution after the neutralization step, and mixing the mixture.