KR101619707B1 - 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치 - Google Patents

하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치 Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101619707B1
KR101619707B1 KR1020150085552A KR20150085552A KR101619707B1 KR 101619707 B1 KR101619707 B1 KR 101619707B1 KR 1020150085552 A KR1020150085552 A KR 1020150085552A KR 20150085552 A KR20150085552 A KR 20150085552A KR 101619707 B1 KR101619707 B1 KR 101619707B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
engine
gear
drive motor
motor
power transmission
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KR1020150085552A
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English (en)
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용진우
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현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020150085552A priority Critical patent/KR101619707B1/ko
Priority to US14/983,378 priority patent/US10286770B2/en
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Publication of KR101619707B1 publication Critical patent/KR101619707B1/ko

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 하이브리드 차량의 엔진과 모터를 각각 최적의 운전점에서 운전하여 차량 연비를 개선하기 위한 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치에 관한 것이다.
본 발명에 의하면, 엔진클러치의 후단과 구동모터의 회전자 전단 사이에 내접기어부를 장착함에 의해 엔진과 모터의 운전점을 비동기화한 상태로 엔진 동력을 변속기 측으로 전달하는 것이 가능하며, 이에 따라 엔진과 모터의 운전점을 각각 고효율을 위한 최적 운전점을 사용하여 엔진 속도는 상대적으로 낮추고 구동모터 속도는 높여 시스템 구동효율을 더욱 향상하고 차량 연비를 개선하는 것이 가능하다.

Description

하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치 {Power transmission device of HEV}
본 발명은 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 하이브리드 차량의 엔진과 모터를 각각 최적의 운전점에서 운전하여 차량 연비를 개선하기 위한 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치에 관한 것이다.
하이브리드 차량은 엔진과 전기모터를 동력원으로 하는 친환경 차량으로서, 일반적으로 차량이 발진하여 일정속도에 도달하기 전까지는 배터리 전원을 이용하여 전기모터로 구동하고, 운전자 의지와 배터리 상태에 따라 모터동력과 엔진동력을 적절히 조합하여 구동하게 된다.
TMED 하이브리드 차량은 TMED(Transmission Mounted Electric Device) 방식을 적용한 하이브리드 차량으로서, 전기모터(구동모터)가 변속기에 부착된 형태로 장착된다. 즉, 전기모터가 엔진클러치와 변속기 사이에 배치된다.
이러한 TMED 하이브리드 차량 역시 차량이 발진하여 일정속도에 도달하기 전까지는 배터리 전원을 이용하여 전기모터로 구동하게 되며, 이의 운전 모드는 크게 엔진과 전기 모터가 함께 구동되는 HEV 모드와 전기모터만 구동되는 EV 모드로 구분된다.
도 1 및 도 2는 종래의 TMED 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달 구조를 나타낸 도면이다.
도 1 및 도 2에 보이듯, 종래의 TMED 하이브리드 차량은 엔진클러치(1)와 변속기(2) 사이에 구동모터(3)가 장착되어 있어서, 엔진클러치(1)의 접합시 엔진(4)과 구동모터(3)의 속도가 동기화되게 된다.
그런데, 이러한 종래의 TMED 하이브리드 차량은 엔진클러치(1)의 후단과 구동모터(3)의 회전자(3a)가 서로 고정되어 있어 엔진클러치(1)가 접합될 경우 엔진(4)과 구동모터(3)의 속도가 같아짐에 의해 엔진(4)과 구동모터(3)를 각각 최적 운전점에서 운행할 수 없는 문제가 발생한다.
한국공개특허 10-2009-0024915호 한국등록특허 10-0774666호
본 발명은 상기와 같은 점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 엔진클러치와 구동모터 사이에 내접기어부를 장착 구성하여 엔진 및 구동모터를 각각 최적 운전점에서 고효율로 운행가능하게 하는 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.
이에 본 발명에서는, 변속기의 전단에 장착된 구동모터와 엔진 사이에 엔진클러치가 장착된 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치에 있어서, 외측기어의 내측에 내측기어가 삽입된 형태로 치합되어 구성된 내접기어부가 상기 엔진클러치와 구동모터 사이에 장착되어서, 엔진클러치의 접합시 엔진과 구동모터의 회전속도를 비동기화한 상태로 엔진 출력을 변속기 측으로 전달할 수 있게 된 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치를 제공한다.
본 발명의 실시예에 의하면, 상기 외측기어는 엔진클러치의 후단에 고정되게 장착되고, 내측기어는 구동모터의 회전자 전단에 고정되게 장착되며, 이때 내주면에 복수 개의 이를 형성한 상기 외측기어와 외주면에 복수 개의 이를 형성한 상기 내측기어 간에 기어비는 1.0 미만인 것이 바람직하다.
본 발명에 의하면, 엔진클러치의 후단과 구동모터의 회전자 전단 사이에 내접기어부를 장착함에 의해 엔진과 모터의 운전점을 비동기화한 상태로 엔진 동력을 변속기 측으로 전달하는 것이 가능하며, 이에 따라 엔진과 모터의 운전점을 각각 고효율을 위한 최적 운전점을 사용하여 엔진 속도는 상대적으로 낮추고 구동모터 속도는 높여 시스템 구동효율을 더욱 향상하고 차량 연비를 개선하는 것이 가능하다.
도 1 및 도 2는 종래기술에 따른 TMED 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치를 나타낸 도면
도 3 및 도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 TMED 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치를 나타낸 도면
도 5는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 내접기어부를 나타낸 도면
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대해 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 설명하기로 한다.
도 3 및 4에 보이듯, 본 발명에 따른 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치는 변속기(10)의 전단에 부착된 형태로 장착된 구동모터(20)와 이 구동모터(20)의 전단에 장착된 엔진(30) 및 상기 구동모터(20)와 엔진(30) 사이에 장착된 엔진클러치(40) 등이 일렬로 배열되는 레이아웃을 가지며, 특히 상기 엔진클러치(40)와 구동모터(20) 사이에 내접기어부(50)가 장착 구성된다.
알려진 바와 같이, 상기 변속기(10)는 엔진(30)의 출력과 구동모터(20)의 출력을 입력받아 적절히 변속하여 구동륜으로 공급할 수 있도록 구성된다.
상기 엔진클러치(40)는 엔진(30)의 출력을 변속기(10) 측으로 전달하기 위한 것으로, 접합시 엔진 출력축과 변속기 입력축 간에 동력전달이 이루어지고 미접합시에는 엔진 출력축과 변속기 입력축 간에 동력전달이 차단되어진다.
상기 내접기어부(50)는 엔진클러치(40)의 접합시 엔진(30)과 구동모터(20)의 회전속도를 비동기화한 상태로 엔진 출력을 변속기(10) 측으로 전달할 수 있도록 하기 위한 것으로, 엔진클러치(40)의 후단에 고정되게 장착된 외측기어(52)와 구동모터(20)의 고정자(24) 내측에 회전가능하게 형성된 회전자(22) 전단에 고정되게 장착된 내측기어(54)로 구성된다.
구체적으로, 엔진클러치(40)의 전단에 엔진 출력축이 동일한 회전중심을 갖고 고정되게 장착되고, 엔진클러치(40)의 후단에 외측기어(52)가 동일한 회전중심을 갖고 고정되게 장착되며, 구동모터(20)의 회전자(22)는 변속기 입력축에 동일한 회전중심을 갖고 장착되고, 회전자(22) 전단에는 내측기어(54)가 동일한 회전중심을 갖고 고정되게 장착된다.
그리고, 상기 외측기어(52)는 그 내주면에 복수 개의 이가 형성되고, 상기 내측기어(54)는 그 외주면에 복수 개의 이가 형성되며, 이러한 외측기어(52)의 내측에 내측기어(54)가 삽입된 형태로 치합된다.
이때 외측기어(52)와 내측기어(54) 간에 기어비는, 서로 맞물리는 기어에 있어서 큰 기어(외측기어)의 잇수를 상대적으로 작은 기어(내측기어)의 잇수로 나눈 값으로서, 1.0 미만으로 설정되며, 외측기어(52)의 내측에 내측기어(54)가 부분적으로 치합된 형태로 조립된다.
이에 따라 엔진클러치(40)가 접합된 상태로 엔진 동력이 변속기(10) 측으로 전달되는 동안, 외측기어(52)는 엔진클러치(40)의 후단에 고정되게 결합된 형태로 회전하고, 내측기어(54)는 구동모터(20)의 회전자(22) 전단에 고정되게 결합된 형태로 회전하며, 이때 상기 내측기어(54)의 외주면이 외측기어(52)의 내주면에 부분적으로 치합된 상태를 유지한다.
상기의 내측기어(54)와 외측기어(52)는 그 기어비가 1.0 미만인 조건을 만족하는 것이 시스템 효율 향상에 유리하고 바람직하며, 상기 기어비를 변경 조정함에 의해 엔진(30)과 모터(20)를 각각의 고효율 운전점에서 최적으로 운행되게 함이 가능하다.
예를 들어, 외측기어(52)가 1회전을 하는 동안 내측기어(54)는 1.2회전을 하도록 상기 기어비가 설정된 경우, 엔진(30)과 모터(20)의 속도가 동기화된 경우에 비해, 엔진(30)의 회전속도는 상대적으로 감소하고 구동모터(20)의 회전자 회전속도는 증가하게 되어, 엔진(30)과 구동모터(20)를 각각의 고효율 운전점에서 최적으로 운전되게 하는 것이 가능하다.
일반적으로 엔진의 최대효율구간은 1000 ~ 2500rpm 수준이고, 구동모터의 최대효율구간은 2500 ~ 3500rpm 수준이다. 그리고 하이브리드 차량의 연비모드의 경우 엔진 및 구동모터의 주요 운전점(작동점)은 1500 ~ 2000rpm 수준이다.
따라서 엔진의 운전점은 저속 구간으로 선정하고 구동모터의 운전점은 상대적으로 고속 구간으로 선정하는 것이 시스템 효율 향상에 유리하다.
앞서 언급한 바와 같이, 엔진(30)과 구동모터(20) 사이에 1.0 미만의 기어비를 갖는 내접기어부(50)를 장착하는 경우, 엔진 운전점은 상대적으로 저속 및 고부하 영역으로 이동하게 되고, 모터 운전점은 고속 및 저부하 영역으로 이동하게 되며, 이를 통해 시스템의 구동효율 향상 및 연비 개선을 도모할 수 있다.
또한 상기의 내접기어부(50)를 엔진클러치(40)와 구동모터(20) 사이에 구성함으로써, 엔진 출력축과 변속기 입력축을 동축선상에 배열한(즉, 엔진과 구동모터 및 변속기를 일렬로 배열한) 기존 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달 구조의 설계변경을 최소화하는 동시에 연비 개선 효과를 얻는 것이 가능하다.
한편, 도면으로 나타내지는 않았으나, 본 발명에 따른 내접기어부(50)는 HSG(Hybrid Starter Generator)를 탑재하거나 또는 모터와 변속기 사이에 클러치가 장착되어 있는 구조의 TMED 하이브리드 차량에도 적용 가능하며, 이때 상기 모터와 클러치 사이에 내접기어부를 장착하여서 앞서 설명한 바와 같은 효과를 기대할 수 있다.
이상으로 본 발명의 실시예에 대해 상세히 설명하였는바, 본 발명의 권리범위는 상술한 실시예에 한정되지 않으며, 다음의 특허청구범위에서 정의하고 있는 본 발명의 기본 개념을 이용한 당업자의 여러 변형 및 개량 또한 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함된다.
10 : 변속기
20 : 구동모터
22 : 회전자
24 : 고정자
30 : 엔진
40 : 엔진클러치
50 : 내접기어부
52 : 외측기어
54 : 내측기어

Claims (3)

  1. 변속기의 전단에 장착된 구동모터와 엔진 사이에 엔진클러치가 장착된 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치에 있어서,
    외측기어의 내측에 내측기어가 삽입된 형태로 치합되어 구성된 내접기어부가 상기 엔진클러치와 구동모터 사이에 장착되어서, 엔진클러치의 접합시 엔진과 구동모터의 회전속도를 비동기화한 상태로 엔진 출력을 변속기 측으로 전달할 수 있게 된 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,
    상기 외측기어는 엔진클러치의 후단에 고정되게 장착되고, 내측기어는 구동모터의 회전자 전단에 고정되게 장착된 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치.
  3. 청구항 1에 있어서,
    내주면에 복수 개의 이를 형성한 상기 외측기어와 외주면에 복수 개의 이를 형성한 상기 내측기어 간에 기어비는 1.0 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치.
KR1020150085552A 2015-06-17 2015-06-17 하이브리드 차량의 동력전달장치 KR101619707B1 (ko)

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