KR101376287B1 - Feed additive using citrus peel and method for manufacturing thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed additive and a manufacturing method using a citrus beverage processing juice, and to a feed additive and a method for producing the citrus juice with excellent antioxidant power safely to livestock and improve the body's immunity. The hesperdine-containing citrus juice gourd feed additive according to the present invention does not affect the growth and feed efficiency of pigs when fed, but satisfies the physiological efficacy of enhancing the immunomodulatory function and antioxidant activity.

Description

Feed additive using citrus beverage processing juice and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a feed additive and a manufacturing method using a citrus beverage processing juice, and to a feed additive and a method for producing the citrus juice with excellent antioxidant power safely to livestock and improve the body's immunity.

In raising livestock, there is a problem in the large-scale intensive breeding conditions, which leads to a decrease in productivity due to a high incidence of disease due to a decrease in adaptability to environmental changes.

To overcome this problem, AGPs (AGPs) added to livestock feed have been widely used to increase productivity, such as improving weight gain and feed efficiency, in addition to preventing disease. However, with the recent increase in the competitiveness of imported livestock products and consumer demand for safe livestock products, as well as antibiotic resistance and livestock residue problems, interest in non-antibiotic livestock products is increasing, and countermeasures are urgently needed. .

In addition, natural circulation agriculture development and high value-added resources of by-products through development of utilization technology of agricultural and livestock by-products are emphasized in terms of green growth and environment of livestock industry.

As a kind of concentrated by-product, the fruit gourd produced after beverage processing contains various kinds of physiologically active substances. Especially in the case of citrus gourd, it takes a lot of cost and effort to exhaust the juice by-product during the harvest season. It is true that the use of functional materials in livestock is not properly utilized.

In particular, hesperdine, a polyphenol component rich in citrus fruits, is a bioactive substance having an antioxidant effect, and can be promoted by promoting animal metabolism and strengthening immunity by ingesting it by livestock.

The present invention has been devised for the safe feeding of citrus juice gourd with excellent antioxidant power and use as an immune enhancer or immune function modulator.

Prior arts in this field include a fermentation composition, a feed additive, and a method for preparing the same, and a pellet feed composition for cattle using a Korean citrus gourd, Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0052761 citrus gourd and brown seaweed.

Under these technical backgrounds, the present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of diligent efforts.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a feed additive using waste citrus gourd.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hesperdine-containing feed additive using waste citrus gourd.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an immunopromoting feed composition comprising the feed additive.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the step of mixing 0.4 ~ 0.6% calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) with respect to the weight of the waste citrus citrus and waste citrus

Removing calcium hydroxide mixed with the waste citrus gourd;

Drying the citrus waste cake, from which the calcium hydroxide has been removed, with 1-12% moisture; And

There may be provided a method for preparing a feed additive comprising pulverizing the dried waste citrus peel into particles having a size of 0.1 ~ 0.5mm.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there may be provided a feed additive for improving the immunity of livestock prepared by the manufacturing method, containing hesperidin 0.1 to 0.3% by weight.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an immuno-enhanced feed composition may be provided in which the feed additive is added to 0.5 to 10% by weight of the total feed composition.

The hesperdine-containing citrus juice gourd feed additive according to the present invention does not affect the growth and feed efficiency of pigs when fed, but satisfies the physiological efficacy of enhancing the immunomodulatory function and antioxidant activity.

1 shows a feed formulation process of lung citrus gourds.
Figure 2 is an HPLC result showing the hesperdine content present in citrus foil pulp after juice.
Figure 3 shows the results of the investigation of the content of hesperidin in the additive formulated for feeding to livestock.
Figure 4 shows a feed additive photo prepared according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

Justice

Feed additives used in the present invention means processed and formulated materials other than the material of the general feed for addition to the feed composition. In the present invention, it means a state in which the citrus gourd extract is processed and powdered by mixing beer foil and the like.

The feed composition used in the present invention means a final mixture for providing feed to livestock by adding feed additives processed from processed citrus juice to general feed.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the step of mixing 0.4 ~ 0.6% calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) with respect to the weight of the waste citrus citrus and waste citrus Removing calcium hydroxide mixed with the waste citrus gourd; Drying the citrus waste cake, from which the calcium hydroxide has been removed, with 1-12% moisture; And it may be provided a method for producing a feed additive comprising the step of grinding the dried waste citrus fruit slices of 0.1 ~ 0.5mm size.

The production method of the hesperdine-containing feed additive according to the present invention is as follows.

First, the waste citrus fruit cake is adsorbed and removed with calcium hydroxide, which is a water adsorption material, and mixed for 30 minutes using 0.5% calcium hydroxide compared to the weight of the waste citrus fruit cake. The moisture in the waste citrus fruit cake is adsorbed with calcium hydroxide, and then the calcium hydroxide is removed. The moisture content of the waste citrus gourd dropped below 60%. The reason for treating calcium hydroxide is that waste citrus juice extract contains more than 90% of moisture, which requires a lot of energy cost to remove moisture, thereby lowering the cost of removing moisture by adsorbing a certain amount of moisture with calcium hydroxide.

The waste citrus gourd was removed in a vacuum oven (Vacuum Oven) and dried for 5 hours under a vacuum degree of 760 mmHg and a temperature of 120 ° C. to dry the moisture below 10%. The method of removing moisture does not have to be vacuum drying, and hot air drying is not necessary. However, in order to meet the conditions of the feed it is necessary to adjust the moisture to less than 12% to dry. If moisture is present at more than 12%, safety from mold cannot be ensured, so it is not preferable. If moisture is less than 1%, it is easily broken into powder, and the texture is degraded, which is not preferable for use as feed. .

The water-removed waste citrus gourd was ground into particles having a size of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm with a crammer to prepare a feed additive. Since the general feed is in the form of powder or pellets, and the feed additive is added to the feed at a concentration of 1% or less, if the particle size exceeds 0.5mm, it is not uniformly dispersed in the feed, so that the homogeneity is lowered. It is preferable to grind | pulverize into small particle | grains, and it is preferable that it is 0.1 mm or more in order not to scatter in powder form.

1 shows a feed formulation process of lung citrus meal according to the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the feed formulation process of waste citrus gourd is calcium hydroxide dehydration process; Vacuum drying process; Grinding process; It consists of inspection and commercialization process.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there may be provided a feed additive for improving the immunity of livestock prepared by the manufacturing method, containing hesperidin 0.1 to 0.3% by weight.

Useful substances found in the orange-type citrus belonging to citrus fruits are hesperetin, naringenin, hesperidin, narirutin, and erydicticol. Isosakuranetin, Eriocitrin, Neoeriocitrin, 2-hydroxyflavanone, Apigenin, Diosmetin, Luteolin Glucoside Luteolin-7-O-glucoside, Eriodictyol-7-o-glucoside, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, Apigenin-7-O-glucoside, etc. There is [J. Food Comp. Anal. 19: S66S73 (2006); Carcinogenesis 32: 568575 (2011); J. Agric. Food Chem. dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf203022f (2011); J. Chem. Ecol. 37: 10991109 (2011); Biomed. Chromatogr. DOI 10.1002 / bmc. 1688 (2011); J. Agric. Food Chem. 59: 63536359 (2011); J. Sep. Sci . 34: 681687 (2011).

Among the above substances, the most common one is hesperidin, which contains about 3.5%. The analysis was performed using HPLC. The analysis method and conditions are as follows.

Analysis equipment: Agilent 1100 series

Column: Luna 5um C18 (2) 100A 250X 4.6 5um (Phenomenex) S / N 451192-9

Mobile phase: 0.2% AcOH for each ACN / DIW (20: 80)

Flow rate: 1.0mL / min

Injection volume (Inj, volume): 20uL

Detector: UV 283 nm

The chromatogram obtained through three replicates is shown in the figure.

Figure 2 is an HPLC result showing the hesperdine content present in citrus foil pulp after juice.

In the case of the feed additive of the present invention, hesperdine, which is a useful substance, was not extracted separately and used as an additive, because the hesperdine is a useful substance containing a large amount of hesperdine, but as mentioned above, in addition to hesperdine, Since several useful substances are included in citrus gourd, and all of them have an immune enhancing or antioxidant effect similar to hesperdine, it was considered more advantageous to use them in the preparation of feed additives. Because.

Analytical methods and conditions for the investigation of the content of hesperdine in the additives formulated for feeding to livestock according to the preparation method of the present invention were carried out in the same manner as mentioned above. As a result of the analysis, the feed additive according to the present invention was 0.2% by weight, considering the error range was found to contain 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of hesperdine. The analysis method was the same method as the above hesperdine content analysis method, the chromatogram obtained as a result of the experiment is shown in FIG.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an immuno-enhanced feed composition may be provided in which the feed additive is added to 0.5 to 10% by weight of the total feed composition. Feed composition refers to the final mixture that feed additives are added to a common feed to feed for livestock. In the present invention, it means a state in which the feed additive is mixed in a predetermined ratio to the general feed. At this time, when the mixing ratio of the feed additive is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect of increasing the immunity as shown in the following Examples did not appear at all. In addition, when more than 10% by weight does not have a significant improvement effect on the increase in immunity is not preferable because the feeding rate of the livestock is lowered.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. It should be understood, however, that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Hesperdin  Feed additive manufacture

First, the waste citrus fruit cake is adsorbed and removed by Ca (OH) ₂ , which is a moisture adsorption material, and mixed with water for 30 minutes using 0.5% Ca (OH) ₂ compared to the weight of the waste citrus fruit cake. After adsorption with (OH) ₂ , Ca (OH) ₂ was removed to reduce the water content of the waste citrus meal to 60% or less. The reason for removing water by using Ca (OH) ₂ is that waste citrus juice cake contains more than 90% of water, which requires a lot of energy cost to remove water, so it absorbs a certain amount of water with Ca (OH) ₂ to remove water. This is to lower the cost.

The waste citrus gourd was removed in a vacuum oven and dried for 5 hours under a vacuum of 760 mmHg and a temperature of 120 ° C. to completely remove water to 10% or less. The method of removing moisture does not have to be vacuum drying, and hot air drying is not necessary. However, in order to meet feed conditions, it is necessary to control the moisture to less than 12% and dry it. If the moisture content is more than 12%, the safety from mold and the like cannot be guaranteed during storage, and the texture is so bad that it is not preferable, so it is preferable to dry it below.

The water-removed waste citrus gourd was ground into particles having a size of 0.5 mm or less with a crammer to prepare a feed additive.

About pig Hesperdin  Feeding Effect of Containing Feed Composition

In order to investigate the effect of the hesperdine-containing feed composition prepared by the above method, 72 three-way hybrid [(LandraceYorkshire) Duroc] weight 27.94 ± 0.92kg cultivation pigs were disclosed and subjected to a six-week specification test. Comparative Example 1 is an additive-free, Comparative Example 2 is an antioxidant (procyanidine 150ppm) addition, in the case of Example 1 is added to the developed hesperdine-containing feed additive in the feed level of 150ppm.

This is summarized in Table 1 below.

division Antioxidant Processing contents  Comparative Example 1 × -  Comparative Example 2 ○  Procyanidin 150 ppm  Example 1 ○  Hesperdine 150 ppm

Table 2 below compares the productivity of the growing pigs during the test period. Example 1 showed similar results in terms of weight gain and feed demand compared to Comparative Example 1 (no addition). That is, it can be seen that the feed composition containing the feed additive according to the present invention does not cause the growth of the growing pigs.

division Comparative Example 1
(No additives) Comparative Example 2
(Procyanidine) Example 1
(Hesperdin)  Weight gain (g) 539 (100) 501 (93) 515 (96)  Feed Intake (g) 1231 (100) 1204 (98) 1232 (100)  Feed rate 2.284 (100) 2.403 (105) 2.392 (105)

Figures in parentheses compared to Comparative Example 1

Table 3 is a comparison of the biochemical composition of the hesperdine-containing feed composition to show the content of metabolites in the blood after six weeks of feeding pigs.

division Comparative Example 1
(No additives) Comparative Example 2
(Procyanidine) Example 1
(Hesperdin) Creatinine
(mg / dL) 1.9 (100) 2.3 (121) 1.1 (58) Glutamic Oxalate Transaminase (GOT) (U / L) 52.7 (100) 45.5 (86) 41.0 (78) Cholesterol (mg / dl) 97.8 (100) 106.4 (109) 105.3 (108) Total protein
(g / dL) 6.5 (100) 7.4 (114) 6.7 (103)  Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (mg / dL) 18.5 (100) 21.0 (114) 16.3 (88) Albumin (g / dL)
(Albumin) 3.2 (100) 3.4 (106) 2.9 (91)

() Shows the index compared with the comparative example 1.

The biochemical composition of blood components described in Table 3 has the following meanings.

Creatinine: A product of muscle metabolism. Increased levels are associated with renal failure or dehydration, and are used as effective indicators of renal failure determination along with blood urea nitrogen concentrations.

2. GOT (Glutamic Oxalate Transaminase): An enzyme contained in all tissues of the body, especially myocardium, liver, and skeletal muscle. When necrosis or transmembrane changes of myocardium or hepatocytes occur, this enzyme flows into the blood. Will increase.

3. Total protein: There are more than 500 kinds of proteins in the blood, and they are responsible for the movement of various substances, iron metabolism, immunity, and blood coagulation. The total protein is an indicator of such a living state, and if it is lower or higher than the normal value, the synthesis or degradation of the protein may be suspected or the protein absorption disorder may be suspected.

4. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): Represents renal function and increases in case of disorder.

5. Albumin (Albumin): Albumin is a protein that accounts for two-thirds of the total protein in the blood, plays an important role in maintaining blood pressure, and is responsible for transporting various nutrients and hormones.

Referring to Table 3, indicating the damage of the liver and kidneys, it can be seen that the results of the investigation of creatinine, GOT, total protein, BUN, albumin and the like used as an indicator for determining the toxicity of the new feed additives. In the case of Example 1 it can be seen that creatinine, GOT, BUN, albumin tends to decrease compared to the comparative example. Therefore, hesperdine was found to reduce damage to cells and tissues through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action, while not having a negative effect.

Table 4 compares the immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM present in the blood, and was fed the hesperdine-containing feed composition according to the present invention for 6 weeks, and 3 hours after administration of the external antigen, LPS (lipid polysaccharide) antigen. It shows the result of analysis by blood collection. At the end of the following Table 4 means the end of 6 weeks of feed composition.

Referring to Table 4, it can be seen that IgA, IgG and IgM of Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 increased compared to Comparative Example 1. In the livestock growth stage, various kinds of harmful factors and stresses can cause abnormalities in the immune response. This increase in immune response can negatively affect growth by increasing basal metabolic rate, changing nutrient uptake, as well as allowing nutrients to be used for skeletal and muscle accumulation in the immune response. However, the antioxidants procyanidins and hesperdine can effectively protect against disease by regulating the pig's immune system to significantly increase the content of immunoglobulins.

division Comparative Example 1
(No additives) Comparative Example 2
(Procyanidine) Example 1
(Hesperdin) Remarks ------ mg / ml ------ IgA
At the end 1.97 (100) 2.43 (123) 2.05 (104) LPS administration 0.84 (100) 2.01 (238) 1.84 (219) IgG
At the end 5.36 (100) 8.43 (157) 8.45 (158) LPS administration 7.03 (100) 9.24 (131) 10.35 (147) IgM
At the end 3.33 (100) 14.88 (447) 11.67 (351) LPS administration 2.28 (100) 11.99 (526) 11.31 (496)

() Shows the index compared with the comparative example 1.

Table 5 below shows a comparison of antioxidant related factors in blood. In the case of antioxidant enzyme-like activity (SOD like activity, DPPH free readical scavenging) showing blood antioxidant activity, Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 showed excellent results compared to Comparative Example 1. As a result of investigating antioxidant factors in the blood, it was confirmed that hesperdine exerts antioxidant activity to increase the antioxidant activity in the blood.

division Comparative Example 1
(No additives) Comparative Example 2
(Procyanidine) Example 1
(Hesperdin)  SOD like activity (%) 25.1 (100) 55.9 (223) 39.4 (157) DPPH free radical removal rate
(free radical scavenging (%)) 32.5 (100) 41.0 (126) 39.6 (122)

() Shows the index compared with the comparative example 1.

Referring to the above results, the addition of the hesperdine-containing citrus juice gourd feed additive according to the present invention does not affect the growth and feed efficiency of pigs when fed, but the physiological effect of enhancing the immunomodulatory function and antioxidant activity It can be seen that satisfactory.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that such specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments and that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. something to do. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

Mixing 0.4 to 0.6% of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) with the waste citrus peel relative to the weight of the waste citrus peel;
Removing calcium hydroxide mixed with the waste citrus gourd;
Drying the citrus waste cake, from which the calcium hydroxide has been removed, with 1-12% moisture; And
Comprising the step of grinding the dried waste citrus gourd into particles of 0.1 ~ 0.5mm size,
Feed additives A method for producing a feed additive for improving immunity of livestock such that 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of hesperdine is included relative to the total weight.
A feed additive for improving immunity of livestock prepared by the method of claim 1.
 Feed composition for immuno-stimulation is added to the feed additive of claim 2 to 0.5 to 10% by weight of the total feed composition.

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