KR102613013B1 - Feed Composition for Weight Gain of Pig Using Citrus Byproducts - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a feed composition for pig weight gain using citrus by-products.

Description

Feed composition for weight gain of pig using citrus byproducts {Feed Composition for Weight Gain of Pig Using Citrus Byproducts}

The present invention relates to a feed composition for pig weight gain using citrus by-products.

Most of Korea's tangerines are produced in Jeju Island and used as fresh fruit and juice, and the by-products generated during this process are not properly used and are difficult to dispose of. Among the citrus fruits produced in Korea's Jeju Island, Citrus unshiu accounts for the largest yield, and the amount of by-products such as peel remaining after being used as juice amounts to about 50% of the total weight of the fruit (Ultrason Sonochem 16: 57- 62, 2009). Therefore, using citrus by-products generated after juice processing is important in terms of preventing environmental pollution problems and in terms of economic efficiency. In particular, the peel, which accounts for most of the citrus by-products, is known to be valuable as a functional material. These peels contain more flavones, flavanones, flavonols, isoflavones, and anthocyanins than the flesh. It is rich in flavonoids such as anthocyanins and flavanols (J Food Eng 92: 157-163, 2009). They are known to be effective in antioxidant, antibacterial, antiplatelet, antihypertensive, antiviral, antiallergic, antiulcer, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antiatherosclerosis, antihepatotoxic activity, and blood fat reduction (Biomed Chromatogr 19: 138 -148, 2005; J Food Safety 28: 567-576, 2008; Biopharm, Drug Dispos 29: 63-82, 2008). In addition to flavonoids, it contains soluble sugars, vitamins, pectin, organic acids, and polyphenols (Biomed Pharmacother 62: 579-582, 2008), so it is used in food processing such as alcoholic beverages, non-alcoholic beverages, candy, and gelatin, and as a medicine. It is also used as an air freshener to remove unpleasant tastes, and is also used in the manufacture of perfumes and cosmetics (J Food Eng 90: 409-413, 2009). Additionally, the pulp remaining after making citrus juice has a low crude protein content, but is high in calories, high in fiber and pectin, and has excellent palatability (Meat Sci 68: 269-275, 2004), improving meat quality, feed intake, and digestibility. There has been continuous research on using it as feed for Korean beef, dairy cows, and chickens.

Pork is one of the most consumed meats in Korea, and recent research has been conducted on adding by-products or powders of herbal medicine, ginseng, mugwort, and sumac to pig feed to produce high-quality pork ( Korean J Anim Sci 40: 391-400, 1998; Korean J Food Sci Ani Resour 24: 37-43, 2004; Korean J Food Sci Ani Resour 24: 121-127, 2004; J Anim Sci & Technol 48: 727-738 , 2006)

To date, there is no known research on the weight gain functionality of citrus by-products in pigs.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed composition for pig weight gain using citrus by-products.

Other or specific purposes of the present invention will be presented below.

The present invention relates to a functional feed composition for weight gain in pigs, and the composition of the present invention is characterized by containing citrus by-products (or citrus peels) as an active ingredient.

The example below shows a clear weight gain effect when citrus by-products are added and mixed with feed and fed to pigs. This effect can bring economic benefits to pig farmers because it accelerates the shipping time and is directly related to increased production.

In this specification, an active ingredient refers to an ingredient that exhibits the desired activity alone or can exhibit activity in combination with a carrier that is not active on its own.

In the present invention, the citrus by-product is a residue obtained as a by-product after squeezing citrus for juice production, and this residue includes citrus peel, pulp, which is a collection of cellulose fibers, and seeds. These citrus by-products are in the form of raw by-products containing moisture, and can be included as active ingredients in the composition of the present invention in the form of concentrates or dried products from which moisture has been removed. Preferably, it may be included in the composition of the present invention in the form of a concentrate or dried product.

Concentrates or dried products of citrus by-products can be obtained according to conventional drying methods known in the art. Normally, a natural drying method in the shade (shade drying), a drying method using hot air (35-50°C) that is higher than room temperature and does not carbonize the citrus peel (not shown in the examples below, but if carbonized, the citrus peel is carbonized) Reluctance to consume feed with added by-products), vacuum drying method, oven drying method, etc. can be adopted. When the vacuum drying method is adopted, the surface and interior are dried relatively uniformly and the destruction of nutrients is minimized because drying is performed at a low temperature. This vacuum drying method is divided into a low-temperature reduced-pressure drying method and a freeze-drying method, and can be performed using a commercially available low-temperature reduced-pressure drying device or freeze-drying device. The moisture content of the dried citrus pomace may be 8% (w/w) to 25% (w/w).

Citrus by-products can be obtained not only from Wenju tangerines (Citrus unshiu) used in the examples below, but also from Ha-gyul, Jingyul, Hallabong, Jinjihyang, Cheonhyehyang, Dangyuja, etc.

In the feed composition of the present invention, the dried citrus fruit will usually be included in the composition of the present invention in the form of powder, but may also be included in the composition of the present invention in the form of pellets, granules, or paste.

In the feed composition of the invention, the citrus by-product, which is the active ingredient, can be optionally used depending on the type of feed (compound feed, sweet feed, supplementary feed, etc.), feed formulation, and the properties of the citrus by-product, which is the active ingredient, as long as it can exhibit a weight-increasing effect. It may be included in an amount (effective amount), and a typical effective amount will be determined within the range of 0.001% by weight to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. Here, “effective amount” refers to the amount of the active ingredient contained in the composition of the present invention that can exhibit the intended functional effect, such as body gain effect, when the composition of the present invention is administered to the pig to which it is applied during the administration period. Such effective amounts can be determined experimentally within the scope of the ordinary ability of those skilled in the art.

The feed composition of the present invention can be prepared by including ingredients commonly used in pig feed for the purposes of promoting pig growth, promoting digestion, improving feed efficiency, enhancing immunity, and promoting disease resistance, in addition to citrus by-products, which are functional ingredients for weight gain. . Such ingredients include vegetable ingredients, animal ingredients, and mineral ingredients.

The above vegetable ingredients include grains such as oats, buckwheat, wheat, barley, sorghum, rice, corn, millet, wheat, rye, millet hulls, oat bran, soybean hulls, wheat bran (wheat bran), malt bran, sorghum bran, rice bran, and corn. Peel products (grain by-products) such as peel, coix seed peel, and clam bran, mustard meal, guar meal, oat meal, soybean meal, perilla meal, brewer meal, cottonseed meal, wheat germ meal, palm meal, olive meal, and starch meal. , documents such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, pork potatoes, etc., food processing by-products such as potato processing by-products, fruit processing by-products, vegetable processing by-products, algae such as galagombo, brown seaweed, gamtae, seaweed, sea radish, and kelp, Nannochloropsis, Microalgae such as dunariella and spirulina, fibers such as dallis grass, radino clover, red top, and barley sprouts, oils and fats such as soybean oil, hemp seed oil, cottonseed oil, and rice bran oil, and starches such as grain starch and rice bran oil. , legumes such as soybeans and lentils, fruits such as mangoes, bananas, pears, and apples, vegetables such as eggplants, carrots, radishes, beets, and ginseng, and mushrooms such as Helicoptera mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, and reishi mushrooms. .

These vegetable ingredients may be included in an appropriate amount in the feed composition of the present invention depending on the purpose for which they are used, such as promoting growth, promoting digestion, and improving feed efficiency. Generally, it will be contained in the range of about 1 to about 80% by weight, depending on the type of ingredient, purpose of use, etc.

Animal ingredients include proteins such as dried poultry by-products, dried fish, crab meal, egg powder, whelk meal, and fish meal, inorganic substances such as bone meal, bone ash, fish bone meal, and shell meal, chicken oil, edible residual oil of animal origin, fats and oils such as beef tallow, etc. Examples include insects such as mealworm larvae, dried crickets, and dried grasshoppers, plankton species such as rotifers, Mysis shrimp, and water fleas, and dairy processing by-products such as lactose, whole milk powder, cheese, and skim milk powder, and these ingredients are also ingredients. Depending on the type, purpose of use, etc., it may be included in the feed composition of the present invention in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 80% by weight.

Mineral ingredients include limestone powder, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, iron citrate, sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, sodium selenate, sodium selenite, chromium chloride, potassium iodate, calcium iodate, potassium iodide, manganese carbonate, copper sulfate, Examples include manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate, and these mineral components will be included in trace amounts (0.0001 to 5% by weight) in the feed composition of the present invention.

In addition to the vegetable ingredients, animal ingredients, and mineral ingredients, the feed composition of the present invention includes binders, preservatives, vitamins, enzymes, and microorganisms for the purposes of improving immunity, improving feed preservation, promoting uniform mixing of feed ingredients, and facilitating formulation. Flavoring agents, etc. may be additionally included, and these ingredients will be included in the feed composition of the present invention in an appropriate amount (0.0001% by weight to 10% by weight) depending on the purpose of use.

Examples of the binder include natural binders such as guar gum, cellulose, and gelatin, and synthetic binders such as sodium alginate, ammonium alginate, and potassium alginate.

In addition, the preservatives include acidulants such as malic acid, tartaric acid, formic acid, and citric acid, anticoagulants such as calcium stearate and stannous chloride, antioxidants such as resveratrol, gallic acid, and vitamin E, and antifungal agents such as propionic acid and sodium propionate.

In addition, examples of the vitamin preparation include L-carnitine, niacin, nicotinic acid amide, biotin (vitamin H), vitamin A, thiamine naphthaline-1,5-disulfonate, and thiamine lauryl sulfate.

In addition, examples of the enzyme agent include scrapoamylase, lactase, cellulase, lapase, phytase, protease, etc.

In addition, the above-mentioned microbial agents include lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Lactobacillus brevis, fungi such as Aspergillus orijae, and yeast such as Saccharomyces cervicia. .

In addition, the flavoring agent includes natural flavoring substances, synthetic flavoring substances, sweeteners such as licorice and fructose.

The feed composition of the present invention may be formulated in powder, granule, pill, or pellet form.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a functional feed additive composition for swine weight gain comprising the above-described citrus by-product as an active ingredient.

The feed additive composition of the present invention can be used by adding and mixing to feed compositions such as compound feed, sweet feed, and supplementary feed to provide pig weight gain functionality.

The feed additive composition of the present invention can be prepared by including the usual ingredients of feed as described above, such as vegetable ingredients and mineral ingredients, in addition to the active ingredient, and can be formulated into powder, etc. as described above. It can be.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for increasing body weight in a pig comprising feeding the citrus by-product as described above to the pig.

In the method of the present invention, feeding of citrus by-products can be accomplished by preparing the citrus by-products in their raw material or powder form and adding them to feed or mixing them with drinking water for pigs.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a feed composition for increasing feed intake containing the above-described citrus by-product as an active ingredient, a feed additive composition for increasing feed intake containing the above-described citrus by-product as an active ingredient, as described above A feed composition for improving liver function in pigs containing the citrus by-product as an active ingredient, a feed additive composition for improving liver function in pigs containing the above-described citrus by-product as an active ingredient, and the above-described citrus by-product as an active ingredient. It relates to a feed composition for lowering blood sugar in pigs containing the same and a feed additive composition for lowering blood sugar in pigs containing the above-described citrus by-product as an active ingredient.

Regarding the formulation of these functional feed compositions and feed additive compositions, the content of the active ingredients, common feed ingredients that can be mixed with the active ingredients, etc., please refer to the description of the relevant parts of the above-mentioned feed composition for weight gain and the feed additive composition for weight gain. You can refer to it.

As described above, the present invention can provide a functional feed composition for pig body gain using citrus by-products. The feed composition of the present invention has the effect of increasing pig weight when fed to pigs.

Figure 1 shows the results of measuring body weight in a field demonstration test at a pig farm.
Figure 2 shows the results of measuring feed intake in a field demonstration test at pig farms.
Figure 3 is a serum biochemical test in a pig farm field demonstration test.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<Example> Manufacturing of dried citrus by-products and testing the effectiveness of the dried product as a pig feed additive

1. Production of dried citrus by-products

Citrus by-product (citrus peel) samples were secured through the cooperation of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Development Corporation, and each sample of about 1 ton of citrus peel was divided into 10 times for a total of 10 tons. The provided tangerine by-products were naturally dried for one day and then dried under hot air drying conditions at 40°C for four days to ensure that no carbonization occurred. Approximately 1,300 kg of final dried tangerine by-products were secured and the moisture content was 19% (w/ w) and the dry yield was confirmed to be about 13%.

2. Field verification test on pig farms using dried citrus by-products

2.1 Experimental method

2.1.1 Body weight and feed intake check

The pig farm selected the Dorae Livestock Farming Association Corporation (155 Jungsanganseo-ro 688beon-gil, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do) on the recommendation of the Seogwipo branch of the Korean Pork Association and farmed for about 3 months from May 19, 2020 to August 19, 2020. During this period, field verification tests were conducted. The test was conducted on a total of 80 breeding pigs, 40 in the control group and 40 in the test group, and the test pigs were selected from weaned piglets (94 days old as of start date). Control pigs were fed regular pig feed, and test pigs were fed by mixing regular pig feed and 5% (w/w) of citrus by-products and preparing feed. During the test period, an automatic water supply system was used for water, the pig's weight was measured a total of 6 times, and blood for blood analysis was collected a total of 5 times. In addition, to confirm the difference in intake between the control and test groups, the daily intake was checked and the total intake was calculated.

2.1.2 Serum biochemical tests

For blood collection from test animals for serum biochemical tests, blood was collected from the pig's jugular vein after fasting for 3 hours, 8.5 mL of blood was placed in an SST tube for blood collection, placed in an ice box filled with ice, and transferred to the laboratory for analysis. proceeded.

The blood in the SST tube was centrifuged (3,000 rpm, 30 min) to separate the serum, and the separated serum was used to test liver function-related indicators such as GOT (Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, AST) and GPT (Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, ALT). ), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), and GLU (glucose), an indicator related to blood sugar, were measured using an automatic serum analyzer.

2.2 Experiment results

3.2.1 Body weight and feed intake check

(1) Change in weight

Pig body weight was measured a total of five times from the start of the experiment, and the average body weight per pig in each group was shown in Figure 1 as the result. Referring to Figure 1, the experimental group fed feed containing 5% (w/w) of dried citrus by-products clearly increased compared to the control group (average weight gain per pig in the experimental group was 67.22 kg, compared to 67.22 kg per pig in the control group). 106.75% increase compared to the average weight gain of 62.97kg). It is believed that the shipment time of pigs can be advanced by more than a week due to the weight gain caused by these citrus by-products.

(2) Feed intake

Feed intake was measured a total of five times, and the results are shown in Figure 2. Referring to Figure 2, for the experimental group, the total intake during the experiment period was 5,625 kg, and the average intake per animal per day was 2.53 kg, and for the control group, the total intake during the experiment period was 4,925 kg, and the average intake per animal per day was 2.53 kg. At 2.27 kg, the experimental group clearly increased compared to the control group. Considering that the experiment period was summer, when pigs' appetite decreases, it is believed that dried citrus by-products have the effect of promoting feed intake.

(3) Serum biochemical test

The serum biochemical test results are shown in Figure 3. Referring to Figure 3, the experimental group showed a marked improvement compared to the control group in GOT, GPT, and ALP, indicators related to liver function, and GLU (glucose), an indicator related to blood sugar.

Claims (7)

A pig feed composition for weight gain containing 5% (w/w) of citrus by-products as an active ingredient,
A composition in which the citrus by-product is naturally dried for 1 day and then dried under hot air drying conditions at 40°C for 4 days so that no carbonization occurs at all, so that the moisture content is 19% (w/w) and the dry yield is 13%.
delete According to paragraph 1,
A pig feed composition for weight gain, wherein the tangerine is Onju mandarin orange.
delete delete A method for increasing body weight of a pig comprising feeding the pig feed composition for weight gain according to claim 1 to the pig.
According to clause 6,
A method for increasing body weight in pigs, characterized in that the tangerine is Onju mandarin orange.