KR101130537B1 - Cabin passage arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cabin passage arrangement especially for a ship. According to the invention the cabin passage arrangement (2) is connected with cabin modules. Thus, an individual cabin comprises prefabricated module-sized wall panels (4), and adjusting pieces and cover fillets for said panels, of which adjusting pieces and cover fillets a certain portion of the cabin passage can be formed. The adjusting pieces and wall panels are attached to the side of the cabin module facing the passage. Other elements included in the cabin passage portion, which cannot be installed, or it is not practical to install them in advance, are arranged inside the cabin for further installation.

Description

Cabin structure {CABIN PASSAGE ARRANGEMENT}

The present invention particularly relates to a cabin passage structure for ships.

Conventional techniques are known for forming a cabin passage on a ship such that the cabin passage is built on the ship after the cabin is installed. The walls of the cabin passage are aligned regardless of the exact location of the cabins, the cabin passage is straight and has the same width and height everywhere. Therefore, the alignment is required, because the installation accuracy of the cabin does not provide sufficient linearity in constructing the passage. Alignment is performed by using alignment wires, for example, to precisely measure the lower stud rails of the wall panels. After alignment, the lower studs are typically welded to the deck of the ship. The lower studrail is typically a U-shaped rail 271 (see FIG. 27). The upper studs of the panels are also arranged in a similar manner and fixed on the ceiling or wall of the cabin, or on the upper deck of the ship by welded bearers.

Since the position of the ship cabin on the ship is variable within the range of installation accuracy, it is necessary to apply it on site for fixing the passage panel. This means that the passage materials need to be processed on board the vessel (ie cutting, welding and joining panels and other materials, etc.), which makes work slow and complicated due to lack of space. Passage material typically consists of walls and ceiling panels with stud rails fixed to the cabin and / or ship in the manner described above. Passage materials are typically carried onboard after the cabins have been installed, thereby incurring extra costs for the transportation of these materials. Materials placed on the cabin passages may impede passage to the passages and may cause fires on the ship during ship construction.

It is known in the art that a wall of a prefabricated cabin module facing the passageway can create a passageway wall. However, this type of solution poses a problem with the accuracy of the installation of the cabin, since the cabin needs to be installed precisely on a specific location on the deck, so that the alignment of the cabin passages needs to travel the entire cabin. This makes the task very difficult and slow. In addition, the preparation and exchange of cabin passage panels is complex, which may cause other service problems.

It is an object of the present invention to obviate the above disadvantages associated with the prior art. This object can be achieved as described in the claims.

The present invention is based on the idea that the configuration of the cabin passage is combined with the cabin module. The individual cabins thus comprise prefabricated modular wall panels and adjustment brackets and cover fillets for the panels, with which the part of the cabin passage can be formed. Adjustment brackets and wall panels for the panels are attached to the side of the cabin module facing the passageway. Elements included in other cabin passages that cannot be installed or elements which are inefficient to be installed in advance are placed inside the cabin for later installation. Therefore, in the cabin passage structure according to the present invention, the materials of the cabin passage are transferred to the interior of the cabin module prepared in advance on the ship.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows an example of a cabin passage structure according to the present invention;

2 shows an example of a module-sized wall panel;

3 and 4 show examples of various wall panel profiles;

5 shows a connection example of one wall panel and an adjacent wall panel;

6 shows an example of a module-sized ceiling panel according to the present invention;

7 shows an exemplary profile of a ceiling panel;

8 shows an example of a connection between one ceiling panel or a wall panel and an adjacent panel;

9 to 11 show examples of adjustment brackets;

12 and 13 show examples of position adjustment of the wall panel with respect to the frame of the cabin door;

14 and 15 show examples of curved cover fillets for corners;

16 and 17 show an example of a rectangular cover fillet for the corners;

18 shows an example of a cover fillet having a T-profile;

19 shows an example of an insulator that can be installed below the cover fillet for the corners;

20 shows an example profile of stud rails and extension brackets for studs that come to the ceiling of the cabin passage;

21 shows an example of one stud rail and an extension bracket for the stud;

Fig. 22 shows an example of how the extension bracket for the stud is installed in the stud rail;

23 and 24 show examples of the mounting property of the adjustment brackets;

25 shows an example of where the adjustment brackets are attached to others and the wall panel and the cabin;

26 shows an example of installation of a ceiling panel;

27-30 show examples of various stud rails.

1 shows an example of a cabin module and an example of passage materials included in the cabin modules. In a typical cabin 1 a wall facing the maintenance passage 1 "and the door 1 'is located with respect to the cabin passage. In the wall facing the cabin passage, preferably a wall for the cabin passage from the factory. Panels are provided, which form part of the aisle corresponding to the width of the cabin, for example part of the panels such as ceiling panels and service hatches and the rest of the aisle material in the cabin. If they cannot be installed in, they are carried together with the cabin as separate elements.

The part 2 of the cabin passage wall in the passage system consists of, for example, a door panel 3, a wall panel 4, a service hatch 5 and a ceiling panel (not shown in FIG. 1). The service hatch 5 is a part of the cabin passage wall facing the cabin passage in the maintenance space 1 "formed by forming one corner portion of the cabin 1 facing the cabin passage toward the inside of the cabin 1. 2), the service hatch (5) can be entered into the maintenance space (1 ") for maintenance and repair work of the sewage pipe or the electrical switchboard of the cabin. The service hatch 5 may be a module size element consisting of the upper and lower parts and the hatch itself. Since the maintenance space 1 "typically forms one zone with respect to the adjacent cabin, the maintenance space 1" may be removed from every second cabin. The same can be applied to the ceiling panel of the passage, that is, only some cabin modules may have the ceiling panel.

The basic concept of passage panels is flat panels, but may have inner or outer edges, openings and / or attachments (eg passage railings, electrical accessories), which can be adjusted by means of separate adjustment brackets. Since the passage panel may be configured to include a corner portion that protrudes or reenters when viewed from the passage, the walls may be provided with necessary grooves or protrusions. In addition, the passage panel may be shaped to be mounted to the door opening of the cabin.

The elements of the cabin passage structure may be modules cut to size. 2 shows an example of a typical wall panel 21. The panel is usually made of metal (eg steel or aluminum) and can be bent at the corners 22 of the panel. 3 shows an example of the cut state of the panel according to FIG. 2, where the edges 22 ′ are bent at right angles. Fig. 4 shows that the wall panel edges are bent in another optional manner, where the edges 22 "are bent twice, thereby forming a groove on the back side of the panel (invisible panel surface). Shows an example of the connection relationship between one panel and another panel, where one corner 22 "of a single panel is bent in the manner shown in FIG. 4, while the opposite edge of the same panel is overhanged (51). Bent to form. Inwardly curved edges 22 " bend inwardly to align with overhanging overhangs of adjacent panels.

6 shows an example of the ceiling panel 61, the surface of which is bent to form grooves. 7 shows a side cross section of the panel according to FIG. 6. The side view shows that two layers 72, 73 made of insulating material are provided on the surface remaining behind the front of the panel, whose purpose is to function for sound insulation and fire protection. It is apparent that the corners of the ceiling panels can also be bent to form protruding overhangs 74 at either or both edges in order to make the connection with adjacent ceiling panels neat.

8 shows an alternative example of shaping the edges of both the ceiling panel and the wall panel to achieve a clean and tight connection with adjacent panels. According to FIG. 8, one corner of each panel forms a protruding overhang 51, and the part of the overhang is fitted here by forming a groove 81 in which the opposite edges (the edges of the adjacent panels in the figure) are bent.

As shown in Figures 2 to 8, modular wall panels and ceiling panels have various optional concepts. The ceiling panel may also be a flat plate like the wall panel in FIG. One or more insulating layers, such as ceiling panels, may be provided on the rear surface of the wall panel. There are various bending profiles for panel edges, which can be used as appropriate for panels for both ceilings and walls.

The wall panels are fixed to the cabin wall by means of the adjustment brackets. The single adjustment bracket is an angle or plate. The angle or plate is made of a metal suitable for the purpose, for example steel or aluminum or other suitable material. 9 to 11 show examples of various adjustment brackets. In Fig. 9, the adjusting bracket is an angle bracket 91, the bending angle of which is 90 degrees. The angle bracket may be provided with several holes, the shape of which may vary depending on the application. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, there are a circular hole 93 and an elliptical hole 92. 10 shows another angle-time bracket 100, the angle of which is an obtuse angle. Also in this embodiment, the circular hole 102 and the elliptical hole 101 are provided in the angle bracket. The example of FIG. 11 has shown the board 111, and this also uses an adjustment bracket. Therefore, the adjustment bracket can be configured to include an angle bracket with a variety of specifications and a variety of angles and provided with a hole of a desired shape. The board may also have a desired size and may comprise holes of any shape. The use of the adjusting bracket will be described later.

12 shows an example in which the wall panel 21 of the passage is aligned with the door frame 121 of the cabin door. Plate 122 (e.g. metal plate) is attached to the door frame to position the panel at the correct height. The gap between the frame and the panel may be covered with a fillet 123 having an angular profile. The collar of the fillet needs to be wide enough to cover the gap.

13 shows the fixing of the fillet in more detail. The bent plate 132 may be attached to the door frame 131 to form a groove, and the fillet 133 may be fixed therein. The groove needs to be deep enough so that the fillet, ie the cover fillet, covers the gap between the frame 131 and the panel 21. Thus, the elements in FIGS. 12 and 13 each have a different purpose. The adapter plate 122 is for wall panels, and the bent plate 132 is mainly for fillets. Both elements are thus installed in the same frame, whereby the bent plate 132 is placed on the front face of the adapter plate 122 when viewed from the direction of the passage.

In the solution according to the invention, the wall panel between two adjacent cabin doors can be manufactured in advance using a specification based on the air layer between the cabin as the width of the panel. The width of the collar of the fillet attached to the door frame is specified such that the edges of the panel remain behind the fillet with all mounting tolerances. The air layer between the door frame and the panel can be reinforced by, for example, asbestos, if necessary. As described above, the installation of the door panel is related to the case where the door panel is used by a supporting plate attached to the door frame in advance, whereby the door panel is positioned to be exactly aligned with the door frame in the cross-sectional direction of the passage.

14 and 15 show an embodiment of the bent cover fillet 141, whereby the gap between two adjacent wall panels installed at the corners can be covered. Figure 14 shows that the edges of the cover fillet can be bent in a variety of different ways, for example they may be inwardly curved hooks. It may also be an option not to bend the corners at all.

16 and 17 show an example of a right angle cover fillet 161, whereby a gap between two wall panels installed at two corners can be covered. As is apparent from FIG. 17, the edges of the cover fillet can be bent in a variety of different ways.

18 shows a cover fillet 181 having a T-profile. This cover fillet may cover the gap between two adjacent panels. The width of the fillet is sufficient to cover the largest possible gap that can be made by mounting tolerances. 19 shows an example of an insulating material, which may be installed below the cover cover fillet if sound insulation or disaster prevention is required. Thus, the cover fillet comprises a variety of flat cover fillets (for example fillets covering the gaps between two panels that abut two) and cover fillets that form an angle.

There is a connecting element between the wall panel and the ceiling panel, whereby the panels can be attached to another. 20 to 22 show embodiments of such connecting elements. The connecting element is a ceiling stud rail 201, the cross section of which has a Z-shape with a warped edge. If necessary, an insulating material 202 may be provided at one edge as shown in FIG. 20. 21 shows a general example of a ceiling stud rail 201 '.

Insulation material may likewise be provided at the edges of the elongated brackets. If an insulating material is provided on the stud rail 201 'of the ceiling, it is cut at the extension bracket portion.

Fig. 23 shows an example of how the two adjusting brackets 231, that is, the angle brackets, are assembled to each other. Both angle brackets in this embodiment are provided with elliptical holes 232. One side of the first angle bracket abuts against one side of the second angle bracket, so that the other wing portions of the angle bracket protrude outwards from each other on the opposite side, as viewed from the center of the wings that face each other. do. The elliptical holes used to secure the angle brackets allow for some tolerance as shown from FIG. 24. The interlocking of the wings of angle brackets positioned relative to each other is variable at spacing Y and the fastening to the wall or panel is variable at spacing X.

FIG. 25 is an assembly in which the angle brackets 231 are fixed to the cabin wall 231 facing the passage, and to the wall panel 22 as well. The tolerance allows for alignment of the wall panels in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the passages. When the panel is aligned, the screws to which the angle brackets are fixed are released and the screws are retightened after the alignment. In other words, the mounting of the wall panel can be adjusted by releasing the fixing bracket to the mounting site and / or other fixing bracket, whereby the panel can be in the desired position where the adjusting bracket can be attached. Locking in this context also means locking the lock in place. Locking of the bracket is done by using locking means suitable for quick locking (for example, screws, nut bolts, etc.). The mounting part of the fastener may be a cabin module (eg its wall) or a wall panel.

Thus, the adjustment bracket can be loosened at installation time, for example, and tightened and locked again after installation. Adjacent wall panels are thus positioned at the desired height. In a preferred embodiment, the adjustable wall panel extends from the hatch edge of the cabin service space to the vicinity of the cabin door, but may comprise a frame of the cabin door as one combined panel or as a plurality of separate panels. have. The panel locking method allows for easy replacement of the ship when it is in use. Adjustment of the panel begins by releasing the lock of the cabin panel in the longitudinal direction, after which the panel is moved at the required interval in the longitudinal direction of the passage. Next, the longitudinal adjustment bracket is locked by a screw or the like. Finally, the panel is aligned with the passageway in the longitudinal direction of the passageway by loosening the adjustment bracket, adjusting the screw and then locking it again.

Fig. 26 shows an example of installation of the ceiling panel. In the present embodiment, the ceiling panel 71 is fixed to the ceiling studs by being disposed below the studs 201, and the rails are located at the upper ends of the wall panels 22.

27 to 30 show examples of various types of stud rails. These stud rails are determined when needed and can be combined with passage materials carried with the cabin module. 27 shows a rail 271 with a U-shaped profile, which can be used as the upper and lower studrails. 28 shows a stud 281 of an L-shaped profile. 29 shows studs 291, which are in profile with stepped bends. Figure 30 shows a stud 301 of J-shaped profile, which is particularly suitable as a bottom stud, for example for service hatch or service hatch material alignment on a deck of a ship. All these profiles may be extended and / or applied by the means of the adapter shown in FIG. 22. Stud rails can be used in certain cases, for example, when installing a service hatch in a particular manner, or when more strength is required for fixing a panel. The stud rails comprise a lower stud rail, an upper stud rail, and, when necessary, may include a support rail for a specific installation purpose.

One problem in applying the present invention is that it is not possible to know the exact specification beforehand, since the prefabricated module size materials need to be adapted to the situation. According to the prior art, as described above, this requires a deformation of the material mounted on the ship. According to the invention, this problem can be solved, where the installation of the wall panel is no longer based on the stud rails fixed to the ship (except in certain cases), in the adjustment of the fasteners attached to the walls of the cabin module. Because it is based. When the cabin module is installed, it is assumed that the size of the air spaces between the cabins is known or within a certain range (typically 30 mm of air space, ± 15 mm of mounting tolerance), so that displacement in the longitudinal direction of the passage is also fixed. Can be adjusted by the bracket. Thus, the hatch of the service space of the cabin can be accurately installed in a space of the same width as the hatch between the passage panels of the two cabins. Unnecessary portions of the wall panel can be covered with a cover fillet close to the door, for example by a corner panel (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the mounting tolerance depends on the installation of the cabin. Since the panels are prefabricated to a modular specification compatible with cabin modules (and aisles), the adjustment brackets and cover fillets provide sufficient mounting clearance to allow for mounting tolerances.

If the hatch of the service space used for the ship is provided with a collar allowing the width change of the hatch of the service space, the longitudinal adjustment is not necessary. In this optional embodiment, the cabin of the modular size determines the length of the passageway, and the collared service hatch covers the gap between the cabins caused by the mounting tolerances.

Therefore, the passage wall panel is fixed to the cabin module in advance, and the panel can be adjusted without moving the cabin. In this way the alignment of the passages on the vessel is facilitated. Other prefabricated essential components of the aisle, such as the other wall panels of the aisle, possible stud elements, service hatches, ceiling stud means, and external wall panels, are provided with heating, drainage, ventilation and electrical installations. Can be folded into the room.

Preferably, the power of the passage can be drawn out of the cabin module into the passage. In a preferred embodiment, the cabin area is powered by wiring located within the cabin module. In one embodiment, the link box located in the cabin is provided with respective outputs for interior spaces, lighting, fire detectors, fire alarms, speakers, underlights and aisle sockets. The wiring from the link box to the passage can be pre-mounted, for example, in a ceiling panel, or in a cabin module, for example, in which cables and sockets for connecting the link box are provided in advance. The sprinkler mounting of the cabin passage is connected to the screwer pipes previously attached to the cabin module, and the sprinkler of the passage is connected by means of an elastic hose.

In one embodiment of the invention, the upper studs between the two cabin doors are fixed only to the door frame without supporting the studs in the cabin or elsewhere on the ship. When the wall is erected, the panel is lifted into place and screwed tightly into the lower and upper studrails or to a support plate disposed in the door frame.

The ceiling stud elements of the aisles are conveyed in the cabin module in the form of cut and sheared prefabricated products. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two prefabricated elements per stud configuration are packaged in the cabin and the overall length of the elements is about 20 mm shorter than the length of the required stud configuration. This difference is covered by a separate overlapping element, which covers the mounting tolerances.

By using the present invention, individual conveyance of passage materials can be avoided. As a result, the logistics costs at the port can be reduced, cabin passages can be left empty, the rate of fires during drying can be reduced, and the aisle structure can be a single purchase with cabin modules, so in dry places The processing costs for the purchase of P can also be reduced.

According to the present invention, it becomes possible to work in a more productive working environment, thereby reducing the amount of work on the ship, which can achieve a reduction in cost and an improvement in safety. Materials to be delivered to the cabin area are sent with the cabin, and prefabricated products eliminate the need for sawing, welding and cutting of panels and studs on board the ship, thus reducing work on board. The mounting tolerances of previously precut dimensions can be compromised by overlapping stud components (ceiling stud rails). The use of the present invention also reduces the risk of fire on the ship during shipbuilding, since welding or cutting of elements by tools that may cause ignition is no longer necessary during installation.

In view of the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but may have a variety of embodiments within the scope of the inventive concept.

Claims (26)

It comprises a prefabricated wall panel of a modular standard, wherein the adjustment brackets and cover fillets for the panel can be formed in the cabin module, the specific parts of the cabin passage can be formed with the adjustment brackets and cover fillets And the adjustment brackets and wall panels are attached to the side of the cabin module facing the passageway, and other elements of the cabin passage section, which cannot be installed in advance, are arranged inside the cabin for later installation. rescue. The structure of claim 1, further comprising a ceiling panel. The structure of claim 1, further comprising stud rails. The structure of claim 1, further comprising a service hatch or a hatch. 2. The mounting of the wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the mounting of the wall panel is adjusted by means of the adjusting bracket by loosening the mounting with the mounting bracket or the other mounting bracket, whereby the panel can be attached to the adjusting bracket. Structure characterized in that it can be located at the position of the desired site. 6. The structure according to claim 5, wherein the adjustment bracket is an angle bracket or a plate. 7. Structure according to claim 6, wherein the adjusting brackets are made of metal. 7. The structure according to claim 6, wherein the adjustment brackets are provided with holes. 6. A structure according to claim 5, wherein at least some of the stud rails can be installed overlapping one another. 10. The structure of claim 9, wherein the stud rail comprises a lower stud rail, an upper stud rail and a support rail. 11. A structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover fillets comprise a flat fillet and an angled cover fillet. 12. The structure according to claim 11, wherein the cover fillet that forms the angle comprises a cover fillet for the bent edge. 11. A structure according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the panel comprises equipment for heating, plumbing, ventilation and electrical installations. 14. A structure according to claim 13, comprising articles for heating, plumbing, ventilation and electrical installations. The structure according to any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein the wall panel comprises a passage railing. The structure of claim 2, further comprising stud rails. 4. A structure according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a service hatch or hatch. The mounting of the wall panel according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the mounting of the wall panel is adjusted by the means of the adjusting bracket by loosening the mounting with the portion where the adjusting bracket is mounted or with another mounting bracket. The silver structure can be located at the position of the desired area to which the adjustment bracket can be attached. 8. The structure according to claim 7, wherein the adjusting bracket is provided with holes. 9. The structure according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein at least some of the stud rails can be installed overlapping each other. 12. The structure of claim 11, wherein the panel comprises equipment for heating, plumbing, ventilation and electrical installations. 13. A structure according to claim 12, wherein the panel comprises equipment for heating, plumbing, ventilation and electrical installations. The structure according to claim 11, wherein the wall panel comprises a passage railing. 13. The structure according to claim 12, wherein the wall panel comprises a passage railing. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the wall panel comprises a passage railing. The structure according to claim 14, wherein the wall panel comprises a passage railing.

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