KR101075446B1 - Cutting machine for disassembling waste-battery and disassembling system for waste-battery comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a waste battery cutting device and the device for the waste battery recycling that can reduce the waste battery decomposition and processing costs by reducing the manpower consumption to enable automation in the existing waste battery cutting system was all the process was made by manpower To a used battery decomposing device,
The cutting device,
A transfer unit for transferring the settled waste batteries to one side;
Alignment means for aligning the waste batteries placed in the transfer unit in a row; and
It is characterized in that it comprises a cutting means for cutting the bottom of the waste battery to be aligned.

Description

CUTTING MACHINE FOR DISASSEMBLING WASTE-BATTERY AND DISASSEMBLING SYSTEM FOR WASTE-BATTERY COMPRISING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting the bottom surface of the waste battery, especially among the decomposition device for separating the components of the waste battery,

More specifically, the battery includes a waste battery cutting device and a device for recycling waste batteries that can reduce waste battery disassembly and disposal costs by reducing manpower consumption so that automation can be performed in a waste battery cutting system in which all processes were performed by existing manpower. It relates to a waste battery decomposer.

Batteries used in trains and automobiles, as is known, are protected by separators and glass mats inside the case, and the positive and negative plates made of lead dioxide connected to electrodes exposed to the outside are installed and colorless in the empty space inside the case. It is comprised by filling the electrolyte solution which mixed odorless concentrated sulfuric acid with purified water.

In the case of such a battery, when the sulfur dioxide contained in the lead plate made of lead dioxide and the electrolyte is converted into lead sulfate and water, electricity is released and, on the contrary, it is charged while being replaced.

Depending on the usage environment, it has a service life of about 2 years to 5 years, which means that the electrolyte is depleted in the process of repeating the above chemical reaction and substitution, and the crystallization of zinc lactate on the surface of the electrode plate is made of lead dioxide. By sticking to it, the chemical capacity is significantly reduced, which leads to the need to replace the battery, which is classified as a waste battery.

However, the waste battery is not easy to dispose because it is classified as waste acid designated waste according to the Waste Management Act Enforcement Rules, and there is a problem that the landfill shortage is intensified and the environment is damaged when the amount of waste is rapidly increased.

In order to solve such environmental problems, registered batteries 10-0584250 (2006.05.22), "recycling method of waste batteries for automobiles", and registered patents 10-796376 (2008.01.14) "waste battery recycling apparatuses," etc. While recycling and reusing is being discussed,

Recycled used batteries are less efficient than new batteries, and user demand is decreasing.

Therefore, the direction of discussion to separate the components constituting the waste batteries and recycle them without recycling the waste batteries is more realistic.

In this regard, there is a registered patent No. 10-0942410 (2010.02.08), entitled "Disassembling Method for Recycling Waste Battery", filed and filed by the present inventor.

Patent No. 10-0942410 discloses a method for efficiently separating an electrolyte (waste acid), particularly in disassembling a waste battery, and has a clear difference from the configuration of the present invention described below.

In addition, in separating the solid components constituting the waste battery from each other Patent No. 10-0942410 is also known to separate each component by a known specific gravity difference,

It is merely to separate each component by specific gravity difference, and there is a limitation that a method or a device capable of separating them more efficiently and precisely has not been proposed.

In particular, there is no suggestion about the method of extracting the electrolyte solution from the waste battery in the preparation step for decomposition to be characterized by the present invention.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide a waste battery decomposition apparatus that can automatically proceed the process performed in disassembling the waste battery for each component to obtain efficiency, such as reduced manpower, processing cost, etc.

In particular, in providing a cutting device for waste battery decomposition to be used in the extraction process of extracting the electrolyte from the waste battery,

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting device having alignment means capable of automatically aligning waste batteries placed in a transport unit in a line.

In addition, in cutting the bottom of the waste battery, it is provided with two cutting means for the work efficiency, it is an object to provide a cutting device having a structure that can easily replace the damaged cutting blades in accordance with the electrolyte contact.

Cutting device for disassembling the waste battery of the present invention for solving the above problems,

A transfer unit for transferring the settled waste batteries to one side;

Alignment means for aligning the waste batteries placed in the transfer unit in a row; and

It is characterized in that it comprises a cutting means for cutting the bottom of the waste battery to be aligned.

In particular, the alignment means according to the invention
A rotating shaft provided at one side of the conveying unit,
An alignment bar comprising an inclined portion whose end portion is coupled to a rotating shaft to collect the waste batteries in one direction, and a straight portion for aligning the waste batteries collected in a row arranged at the rear of the inclined portion;

The technical feature is that the movement means for controlling the movement of the alignment bar is coupled to one side of the straight portion or the inclined portion or both from the opposite side of the waste battery transfer based on the alignment bar.

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In addition, the cutting means according to the invention

The shaft is rotated by receiving power, and a cutting blade for cutting the bottom of the waste battery while being provided on the shaft, and to support the shaft while being installed on the outside of the conveying portion, it comprises a support having a hook portion,

Outside the conveying unit is further provided with a rotating shaft spaced apart from the support,

The rotating shaft is connected to the support and the arm

The support portion is rotated based on the rotation axis, it characterized in that the rotation angle is controlled through the hook portion.

And in disassembling the waste battery by components,

A waste acid extracting unit which cuts the bottom of the waste battery to discharge waste acid in the battery;

A crushing unit for pulverizing the waste battery from which the waste acid is discharged;

A screen unit for separating the waste battery pulverized product having passed through the pulverized part into waste yeast and other pulverized products according to particle size through a strainer;

A first separation part through which the paste having passed through the screen part is extracted by a specific gravity difference with water;

And other crushed products passed through the screen portion is made to include a second separation portion is extracted PP and Metal by the specific gravity difference with water,

The cutting device for cutting the bottom surface of the waste battery, which is provided in the waste acid extracting part, is a cutting device having the above-mentioned structure.

According to the present invention having the above configuration, by cutting the bottom of the waste battery by cutting the waste acid, that is, the electrolyte required to extract more than half the existing manpower required to reduce the manpower and consequently the product processing process, and reduce the processing cost You can see the effect.

In particular, the alignment means provided in the cutting device is to be able to be aligned in a line by hitting one side of the conveyed waste battery and gathered in a predetermined direction,

The simple structure allows us to see the effect of battery alignment.

In addition, even in the cutting means has the effect that the operator can easily replace the cutting blade damaged by the waste acid extracted by allowing the shaft equipped with the cutting blade to move up and down to increase the convenience.

1 is a process schematic diagram for explaining the overall process of extracting each component of the waste battery through the waste battery decomposition unit, including the waste acid extraction unit of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a view showing the cutting device provided with the waste acid extraction unit of the present invention together showing the operation of the alignment means.
Figure 3 is a front view of the cutting device for showing the cutting means structure in the cutting device of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a side view in the cutting device of Figure 2 showing the rotational operating relationship of the shaft together.
Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the cutting device of the present invention.
Figure 6 schematically shows a second separator in the waste battery decomposition apparatus according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a cutting device for waste battery decomposition and a waste battery decomposition device including the device will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First of all, the composition of the waste battery consists of about 75% lead plate, 15% electrolyte (waste acid), plastic injection molding including 4% case, and 6% separator (insulation plate). ,

The lead plate, which occupies 75%, is composed of lead grid (hereinafter referred to as 'lead') and paste (Paste) 4: 6, and the paste is fine lead oxide having a size of 10 to 200 μm.

And the plastic injection molding is usually made of PP and / or PE, the separator is also made of PP and / or PE by the insulating function, the following description does not separately distinguish the separator, the configuration included in PP or PE Explain.

Eventually, the composition, except the waste acid, which is a liquid component, will consist of lead, PE, PP, and paste,

The present invention described below relates to an apparatus for separating waste acid, which is a liquid component, and lead, paste, PE, and PP, which are solid components.

For reference, when looking at the specific gravity of the solid components, lead and paste is usually the largest 11 or more sinking in water, PP is the lightest in the range of about 0.8 to 0.9 floating on the water surface.

And the pure PE specific gravity is about 0.92 ~ 0.94, but the PE for the battery as in the present invention contains a silicon component, the specific gravity is about 1.2 and sinks to the bottom of the water surface.

Figure 1 schematically shows the overall process of extracting each component of the waste battery through the waste battery decomposition apparatus of the present invention,

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, in the present invention, only the waste acid, which is a liquid component, is first separated separately from the used waste battery.

The operation is made in the waste acid extraction unit 10, the waste acid extraction unit of the present invention comprises a cutting device (M) for discharging the waste acid by cutting the bottom of the waste battery.

More specifically, the cutting device (M),

A transfer part 11 for transferring the placed waste battery B to one side, an alignment means 12 for aligning the waste batteries placed in the transfer portion in a line, and a cutting for cutting the bottom surface of the aligned waste batteries It comprises a means (13).

In particular, the waste battery decomposition apparatus in the present invention is to focus on reducing the manpower and the treatment cost accordingly by automating all processes,

The cutting device of the present invention is also provided with an alignment means to automatically align the battery for easy cutting.

When the bottom surface of the waste battery is cut through the cutting means 13, the waste acid flows down, which is transferred to the waste acid tank 14 and stored.

Next, the alignment means 12,

Rotating shaft 121 provided on one side of the conveying unit,

An alignment bar 122 having one end coupled to the rotation shaft and rotated based on the rotation shaft, and

It consists of a moving means 123 for controlling the rotation of the alignment bar,

The movement means 123 is coupled to one side of the other side of the alignment bar, that is, the waste battery is transported relative to the alignment bar to move the other end of the alignment bar, whereby the alignment bar 122 is rotated based on the rotation axis ( 2).

The alignment bar 122 includes an inclined portion 122a for collecting the waste battery B to one side and a straight portion 122b for aligning the collected waste batteries in a row.

Therefore, referring to Figure 2, the rotating shaft 121 is coupled to the end of the inclined portion 122a for collecting the waste battery in one direction to rotate the inclined portion relative to the rotating shaft,
The moving unit 123 is coupled to the straight portion 122b but coupled to the opposite side to which the waste battery is transferred based on the straight portion to control the movement of the alignment bar 122 including the straight portion 122b.

That is, the waste batteries B placed through the transfer part 11 are best aligned in a line as in the straight part, but the waste batteries placed in the transfer part are usually twisted in various directions.

In this case, the workers have to rearrange the waste batteries that are misplaced in the vicinity of the transfer unit in a line. In the present invention, the alignment means is not required, and the operation of the workers is automated.

Next, the other side of the transfer unit having an alignment bar may be provided with an auxiliary alignment bar 124,

The auxiliary alignment bar is not rotated like the alignment bar, but is like a wall erected on the other side of the transfer part.

And it is preferable that the roller 125 is provided in the alignment bar and the auxiliary alignment bar.

That is, the roller 125 is in contact with the waste battery side to be transported to assist the waste battery to go straight smoothly.

In addition, the moving means for rotating the alignment bar 123 may be made of hydraulic or spring. That is, FIG. 2 illustrates a state in which hydraulic pressure is employed as the moving means 123 and 123a, and FIG. 5 illustrates a state in which a spring is employed as the moving means 123 and 123b.

Particularly, in FIG. 5, the structure of the alignment bar may also be modified. If the alignment bar illustrated in FIG. 2 is an alignment bar formed integrally with the inclined portion and the straight portion, the alignment bar illustrated in FIG. 5 may separate the inclined portion and the straight portion. It can be seen that it is formed.

And when the straight portion and the inclined portion of the alignment bar 122 is formed as shown in Figure 5, if only the inclined portion 122a is coupled to the rotating shaft 121 structure is sufficient and the straight portion 122b is moved It is conveyed up and down (direction based on drawing) as a whole by the means 123 and 123b.

In the case of Figure 5, the movement means 123, 123b is not only coupled to the straight portion 122b, but also coupled to one side of the inclined portion (122a) rotation of the inclined portion relative to the rotating shaft 121 is It is possible.

Next, looking at the cutting means 13, the cutting means of the present invention is characterized in that the structure that allows the operator to easily replace the cutting blade exposed to the waste acid while also being able to easily cut the bottom of the waste battery.

That is, referring to FIG. 3, the bottom surfaces of the batteries arranged in a row are cut by the cutting means, and the cutting means has two cutting means 13 having the same structure as the bottom of the waste battery B.

More specifically, each cutting means,

It includes a shaft 131 that is rotated by receiving power, and a cutting blade 132 is provided on the shaft and rotates to cut the bottom of the waste battery,

In particular, the support portion 133 for supporting the shaft is further provided on each outside of the transfer portion.

In addition, the shaft employed in the present invention for the provision of two cutting means having the same structure is a so-called cantilever shaft having a rotational support structure only on one side.

In particular, the cantilever shaft structure is also preferred for easy cutting blade replacement,

When the waste acid filled inside the waste battery is extracted due to the cutting, the cutting blade, which is always exposed to the extracted waste acid, needs to be replaced at least once a day due to corrosion.

Therefore, in the present invention, the cantilever shaft is adopted for easy replacement of the cutting blade.

In addition, the hook portion 133a is formed at one side of the support portion 133 that is installed outside the transfer portion and supports the shaft.

The hook portion 133a is in a state spanning the first ring a formed outside the transfer portion as shown in the drawing.

In addition, the outer side of the conveying unit is further provided with a rotating shaft 134 spaced apart from the support, the rotating shaft 134 is connected to the support 133 and the arm 135 so that the support 133 rotates the rotating shaft 134 It becomes the structure which is rotated by reference. And a second ring (b) is formed below the first ring.

Eventually, if the cutting means itself has to be lowered to replace the cutting blade,

After releasing the coupling between the hook part 133a and the first ring a, the worker fixes the hook part 133a to the second ring b while rotating the shaft downward based on the rotation axis.

In this case, due to the shaft 131 rotated at an angle downward, a work space for the operator to release the cutting blade from the shaft is provided, and the cutting blade replacement operation is possible.

Through the above structure, the two cutting means can be positioned at the bottom of the transfer part,

In addition, even if two cutting means are provided, the operator can easily replace the cutting blade when necessary, adding to the convenience of work.

When the bottom surface of the waste battery is cut by the cutting blade, waste acid filled therein flows out and is stored in a waste acid tank 14 provided separately.

Meanwhile, the waste battery from which the waste acid is extracted is transported on the conveyor C, and the waste battery that has been transported is dropped to the crushing unit 20.

The crushing unit 20 is located a few meters below the conveyor transfer completion point, as shown in Figure 1, the blow hole 22 is provided radially with respect to the central axis 21 is connected to the central axis By the operation of the motor (not shown) the central axis and the blower is rotated, the blow is applied to the spent battery.

The spent battery is crushed into pieces and then the crushed crushed product is transferred to the screen unit 30.

Of course, the falling into the crushing unit 20 is not only a waste battery through the waste acid extracting unit 10 but also a waste battery in which waste acid is discharged in advance separately (see reference numeral 90 in FIG. 1) and is transported on the conveyor C. Of course it can be dropped to the crushing unit 20.

Next, the screen portion 30 of the present invention comprises a strainer 31 and the first and second receiving portions 32, 33 (see Fig. 1),

The strainer 31 is to separate the fine particles of the paste and other components (Metal, PE, PP), which is preferably designed to shake up, down, left and right by a motor (not shown).

As a result, the paste having small particles among the pulverized products placed in the sieve through the vibration is stored in the first accommodating part 32 through the sieve, and the other components remaining in the sieve are transferred to the second accommodating part 33.

Next, the paste stored in the first accommodating part 32 is transferred to the first separating part 40, and the paste is extracted by the specific gravity difference with water in the first separating part.

That is, referring to FIG. 1, the first separator 40 is a tank filled with water, and when the paste is transferred into the first separator, the first separator 40 sinks below the surface by specific gravity, and a drag machine provided inside the tank. Paste extraction is performed by a machine (41).

More preferably, the anionic polymer coagulant is added to the first separation unit to agglomerate the paste, pulled up through the drag machine 41, and extracted.

Next, lead, PE, and PP stored in the second accommodating part 33 are transferred to the second separating part 50. The second separating part is also a part in which lead and PP are filtered out due to specific gravity with water.

More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the second separator 50 may include

An accommodation tank 51 in which water is stored, an extraction tube 52 communicating with the accommodation tank at a lower side of the accommodation tank, a moving screw 53 for guiding the movement of the pulverized product from the accommodation tank to the extraction tube, and It is provided in the lower portion of the extraction tube made of lead extracting portion 54 for extracting lead sinking to the bottom of the extraction tube.

That is, the crushed products stored in the second accommodating part 33 are transferred to the receiving tank 51.

If it falls inside the holding tank, PP will float on the surface due to specific gravity, and PE and M lead will sink to the bottom of the surface. At this time, the PE and lead are transferred to the extraction pipe 52 in communication with the receiving tank by the movable screw portion 53 installed at the lower end of the receiving tank.

Extraction pipe 52 of the present invention is in the form of a long tube up and down, more specifically, is configured to take a shape of narrowing the cross-sectional area from the upper and lower ends to the middle portion, and aeration in the upper direction through the middle portion.

In general, when the fluid flowing in a large surface passes through a narrow area, the speed increases and the pressure decreases. The extraction tube of the present invention uses this phenomenon (so-called Venturi effect).

After narrowing the cross-sectional area of the extraction tube 52 in the middle part and expanding the upper part again, and injecting air from the lower part to the upper part, the specific gravity is large due to the Venturi effect, so that the heavy lead is quenched and separated from the PE. It is clear.

In addition, the bottom of the extraction tube is supplied with water separately,

By feeding water upwards, the remaining PE, which can accompany the lead settling, rises back to the top.

As a result, only pure lead is filtered through the metal extraction unit 54, and the PE transferred to the upper portion of the extraction tube is transferred to the third separation unit 60 to be described later and extracted.

Of course, the third separator 60 is a place where PE overflowed through the extraction pipe 52 is extracted to extract the residual amount of PP that is not discharged from the second separator 50 as well as PE in the third separator. May be conveyed together.

Therefore, due to the specific gravity difference, the PE and PP conveyed to the third separation part may cause the PP to float above the surface of the water, and the PE may sink into the surface of the water.

In addition, referring to FIG. 1, in the waste battery composition overflowed through the extraction tube 52, not only PE and PP but also a paste that may not be separated from the screen unit 30 may remain.

Therefore, the waste battery component overflowed through the extraction tube 52 is not directly transferred to the third separator, but through the second screen unit 70, the remaining paste may be filtered once more depending on the particle size. ,

The jammed paste is transferred to the fourth separator 80 and extracted through the same process as the first separator.

The paste extracted through the first separator and the fourth separator passes through the neutralization unit 90 for neutralizing neutralization, and then finally discharged in a state where water is partially removed.

In the above description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, a "cutting device and waste battery disassembling device for waste battery decomposition" having a specific structure, but the present invention various within the scope of the claims described below by those skilled in the art Modifications and variations are possible, and such variations and modifications should be construed as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings
B: waste battery M: cutting device
10: waste acid extracting unit
11: transfer unit 12: alignment means 13: cutting means
121: rotation axis 122: alignment bar 123: moving means
124: auxiliary alignment bar 125: roller
122a: inclined portion 122b: straight portion
131: shaft 132: cutting edge 133: support
134: rotation axis 135: arm 133a: hook portion
20: grinding portion 30: screen portion 40: first separating portion
50: second separator 60: third separator 70: second screen portion
80: fourth separation unit 90: neutralization unit

Claims (4)

Transfer unit for transferring the settled waste battery in one direction;
Alignment means for aligning the waste batteries placed in the transfer unit in a row; And
It comprises a; cutting means for cutting the bottom of the waste battery to be aligned,
The cutting means
A shaft that receives power and rotates,
A cutting blade provided on the shaft and rotating to cut a bottom surface of a waste battery;
While supporting the shaft while being installed outside the transfer portion, including a support having a hook,
Outside the conveying unit is further provided with a rotating shaft spaced apart from the support,
The rotating shaft is connected to the support and the arm
The support unit is rotated on the basis of the axis of rotation, the cutting device for disassembling the waste battery, characterized in that the rotation angle is controlled through the hook portion. The method of claim 1, wherein the alignment means
A rotating shaft provided at one side of the conveying unit,
An alignment bar comprising an inclined portion whose end portion is coupled to a rotating shaft to collect the waste batteries in one direction, and a straight portion for aligning the waste batteries collected in a row arranged at the rear of the inclined portion;
Cutting device for disassembling the waste battery, characterized in that consisting of a movement means for controlling the movement of the alignment bar is coupled to one side of the straight portion or inclined portion or the opposite side of the waste battery transfer based on the alignment bar. delete A waste acid extracting unit cutting the bottom of the waste battery to discharge waste acid in the battery;
Grinding unit for pulverizing the waste battery discharged waste acid;
A screen unit for separating the waste battery crushed product through the crushing unit into waste yeast and other crushed products according to particle size through a strainer;
A first separation part through which the paste having passed through the screen part is extracted due to a specific gravity difference with water; And
Including the second separation portion that is conveyed to the other pulverized products passed through the screen portion is extracted PP and Metal by the specific gravity difference with water,
The cutting device for cutting the bottom surface of the waste battery is provided in the waste acid extraction unit,
Waste battery decomposition apparatus, characterized in that consisting of any one of the preceding claims.

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