Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of used and scrapped battery automatic disassemble piece-rate system of clean environment firendly, this system realizes that by organic cooperation of surface trimming, fragmentation and each unit of sorting the full-automatic mechanical of used and scrapped battery is disassembled.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The design feature of used and scrapped battery automatic disassemble piece-rate system of the present invention is:
Be and be horizontally disposed with storage battery transport tape (1), each storage battery (2) by storage battery lid (2a) for identical towards being arranged on the storage battery transport tape (1), and transmit from left to right with storage battery transport tape (1); Top at described storage battery transport tape (1) arranges cutting mechanism, and the cutter (3) of the moved up and down formation cutting action in the described cutting mechanism are on the lengthwise position of junction of storage battery lid and accumulator body (2b); In described cutting mechanism, be provided with the cutting automatic control unit; Lid conveyer belt (4) is set below described cutting mechanism, and described lid conveyer belt (4) is vertical with the direction of transfer of storage battery conveyer belt (1);
At the blanking end of lid conveyer belt (4) lid is set and pulverizes the separation of produced line, it is to set gradually lid pulverizing unit, lid waterpower separative element and lid solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a upper unit that described lid is pulverized the separation of produced line;
Accumulator body blanking end at storage battery conveyer belt (1) arranges a body separation of produced line, and described body separation of produced line is to set gradually body fragmentation cell, body rotating cage unit, body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a upper unit.
The design feature of used and scrapped battery automatic disassemble piece-rate system of the present invention also is:
It is take hydraulic cylinder (5) as actuator, take hydraulic stem (6) as driving member that described cutter (3) are set.
Two ends in described cutter (3), be on the same side, be fixedly connected with a wedge (8) with described cutter (3), one control lever (9) is the rotatable bar take a bearing pin as center of rotation, the top of control lever (9) is resisted against on the inclined-plane of described wedge (8), two control levers (9) that are separately positioned on two ends are connected with depression bar (10) in the bottom, wedge (8) drives depression bar (10) with moving down of cutter (3) by the control lever take bearing pin as center of rotation (9) and is pressed on the storage battery (2), with the fixed lever of depression bar (10) as storage battery (2).
Described lid pulverizing unit adopts centrifugal weight pulverizer (12), the hopper (13) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12) is undertaken on the discharge end of lid conveyer belt (4), and the particle through pulverizing and sieving is discharged in the particle outlet (14) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12).
Adopt the waterpower separator in described lid waterpower separative element, described waterpower separator is that metallic particles conveyer belt (16) is set in waterpower separating tank (15); Be undertaken on by described metallic particles transport tape (16) in the particle outlet (14) of centrifugal weight pulverizer (12), in waterpower separating tank (15), be provided with skimming baffle (17), overfall be set as plastic grain floss hole (18) at the notch of waterpower separating tank (15).
Described lid solid-liquid separation unit is to be undertaken on the below of the plastic grain floss hole (18) of lid pulverizing unit with plastic grain filter screen (19), and collect overflow water in lid pulverizing unit waterpower separating tank (15) of water leg (20) is arranged.
Described body fragmentation cell is that the fragmentation that the moves up and down shovel (21) that is driven by crankshaft connecting rod system is set, blanking one end that hopper (22) is undertaken on the upper accumulator body of storage battery conveyer belt (1) is set, and broken shovel (21) is on the top position, the end outside of hopper (22); Described body rotating cage unit is a rotating cage shape bucket sieve (23), enter in the bucket through the bucket sieve feeding mouth (23a) of the broken material of fragmentation shovel (21) by an end that is arranged on cage shape bucket sieve (23), a bucket sieve discharging opening (23b) is in the other end of cage shape bucket sieve (23); Bucket sieve feeding mouth (23a) is set is higher than bucket sieve discharging opening (23b).
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The present invention has realized that the automatic disassemble of used and scrapped battery separates, greatly improved the efficient of disassembling of used and scrapped battery, avoided manually disassembling the heavy metal lead that may bring to the healthy possibility that works the mischief of operating personnel, realized that directly copper breaks away from, reduce and smelt energy consumption, reducing polluted emission.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, be in the present embodiment and be horizontally disposed with storage battery transport tape 1, each storage battery 2 is identical towards being arranged on the storage battery transport tape 1 by storage battery lid 2a, and transmits from left to right with storage battery transport tape 1; Above storage battery transport tape 1 cutting mechanism is set, the cutter 3 of the moved up and down formation cutting action in the cutting mechanism are to be on the lengthwise position of junction of storage battery lid 2a and accumulator body 2b; Lid conveyer belt 4 is set below cutting machine, and storage battery lid conveyer belt 4 is vertical with the direction of transfer of storage battery conveyer belt 1.
Shown in Figure 1, cutter 3 are take hydraulic cylinder 5 as actuator, take hydraulic stem 6 as driving member, are provided with hydraulic stem return spring 7 at hydraulic stem 6.For the storage battery 2 that is sent to cutter 3 belows, under the hydraulic-driven of hydraulic cylinder 5, the cutter 3 that fall are directly cut storage battery lid 2a open from storage battery, itself and accumulator body 2b are cut-off, finish after the cutting, under the effect of hydraulic stem return spring 7, hydraulic stem 6 drives to move on the cutter 3 and resets, and waits for next time cutting.Along with the continuation transmission of storage battery conveyer belt 1, storage battery lid 2a blanking is on lid conveyer belt 4, and the lid that enters subsequent processing is pulverized the separation of produced line; Accumulator body 2b enters the body separation of produced line of subsequent processing in the other end blanking of storage battery conveyer belt 1.
In order to realize automatic control, be provided with the cutting automatic control unit in the present embodiment, comprise guide plate 3a, secondary clutch controller 3c and hydraulic starting controller 3b.With cooperating between the co-ordination control cutting mechanism of cutting automatic control unit and the storage battery transport tape, realize automatically controlling.Concrete control mode is: the guide plate 3a that is fixed on the cutter two ends controls on the one hand cutter 3 and moves up and down along the constraint direction of guide plate rail groove, on the other hand when guide plate 3a is displaced downwardly to the first order compression switch that touches secondary clutch controller 3c, the driving power of storage battery transport tape 1 is closed, and storage battery transport tape 1 namely stops to transmit.
Accurately coordinate in order to make cutting action, two ends at cutter 3, be on the same side, be fixedly connected with a wedge 8 with cutter 3, one control lever 9 is the rotatable bars take a bearing pin as center of rotation, the top of control lever 9 is resisted against on the inclined-plane of wedge 8, two control levers 9 that are separately positioned on two ends are connected with depression bar 10 in the bottom, wedge 8 moves down with cutter 3, drive depression bar 10 by the control lever 9 take bearing pin as center of rotation, be pressed on the storage battery 2 with the fixed head of depression bar 10 as storage battery, storage battery 2 is fixed, to prevent used and scrapped battery 2 upsets, guaranteed accurately cutting.Cutter 3 continue to move down under the driving effect of hydraulic stem 6, begin to cut the loam cake of storage battery, when cutting is finished, guide plate 3a moves down into bottommost just, touch the second level switch of secondary clutch controller 3c, namely close the hydraulic power switch of hydraulic cylinder 5, after hydraulic power is removed, cutter 3 are under the upwards restoring force effect of hydraulic stem return spring 7, go up rapidly, when guide plate 3a gos up to break away from secondary clutch controller 3c, wedge 8 moves up with cutter 3, control lever 9 drives depression bar 10 and lifts under the effect of control lever return spring 11, this moment, the compression switch of secondary clutch controller 3c resetted, and the driving power switch of storage battery transport tape 1 restarts, and storage battery transport tape 1 recovers transmission, to cut remaining accumulator body 2b and transfer out, simultaneously the uncut storage battery of next round be carried successively below cutter 3 positions again.When guide plate 3a went back up to topmost, when touching hydraulic starting controller 3b, the hydraulic power switch of primer fluid cylinder pressure 5, cutter 3 restarted new round cutting circulation under the hydraulic power of hydraulic stem 6 drives.
Shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, at the blanking end of storage battery lid conveyer belt 4 lid is set and pulverizes the separation of produced line, it is to set gradually lid pulverizing unit, lid waterpower separative element and lid solid-liquid separation unit by the material outlet that the material inlet of next unit is accepted a upper unit that lid is pulverized the separation of produced line;
Shown in Figure 2, the lid pulverizing unit adopts centrifugal weight pulverizer 12, and hopper 13 is undertaken on the discharge end of lid conveyer belt 4, and through pulverizing and the particle that reaches certain particle diameter that sieves is discharged in particle outlet 14, particle outlet 14 is accepted by next unit;
Shown in Figure 2, particle from the lid pulverizing unit comprises plastic grain, copper sleeve and lead joint, utilizes the proportion of plastic grain little, is floating in water, in lid waterpower separative element, adopt the waterpower separator, metallic particles conveyer belt 16 specifically is set in waterpower separating tank 15; Be undertaken on by metallic particles transport tape 16 in the particle outlet 14 of centrifugal weight pulverizer 12, in waterpower separating tank 15, be provided with skimming baffle 17, overfall is set as plastic grain floss hole 18 at the notch of waterpower separating tank 15.The plastic grain that falls within the waterpower separating tank 15 goes back up to the water surface, and be blocked in the water surface one side by skimming baffle 17, along with the overflow that forms because of continuous water filling in the waterpower separating tank 15, plastic grain overflows in plastic grain floss hole 18, enter next unit, i.e. the lid solid-liquid separation unit; Copper sleeve and lead joint sink on metallic particles transport tape 16 than great because of particle, and along with metallic particles transport tape 16 is transmitted and is collected.
Shown in Figure 2, the lid solid-liquid separation unit is plastic grain floss hole 18 belows that are undertaken on the lid pulverizing unit with plastic grain filter screen 19, and collect overflow water in lid pulverizing unit waterpower separating tank 15 of water leg 20 is arranged, so far finish disassembling and separating treatment of storage battery lid.
Referring to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, accept the end of storage battery conveyer belt 1 next-door neighbour a body separation of produced line is set, accumulator body 2b is under the conveying thrust of storage battery conveyer belt 1, enter body separation of produced line, the material outlet of accepting a unit by the material inlet of next unit in body separation of produced line sets gradually body fragmentation cell, body rotating cage unit, body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit.
Shown in Figure 3, the body fragmentation cell is to adopt the fragmentation that the moves up and down shovel 21 that is driven by crankshaft connecting rod system, broken shovel 21 is on the top position, the end outside of hopper 22, and hopper 22 should be arranged to the little form of entrance large outlet, is undertaken on the end of storage battery conveyer belt 1 with hopper 22; Body rotating cage unit is to adopt rotating cage shape bucket sieve 23, and the material that shovels 21 fragmentations through fragmentation is entered in the bucket by the bucket sieve feeding mouth 23a of an end that is arranged on cage shape bucket sieve 23, and a bucket sieve discharging opening 23b is in the other end of cage shape bucket sieve 23; A barrel sieve feeding mouth 23a is set is higher than a bucket sieve discharging opening 23b, so that the interior material of bucket is along with the rotation of cage shape bucket sieve 23 is moved to bucket sieve discharging opening 23b by bucket sieve feeding mouth 23a automatically; It is consistent that the body waterpower separative element that next unit sets gradually and body solid-liquid separation unit and lid shown in Figure 2 are pulverized on the separation of produced line corresponding structure.
Along with the motion of storage battery transport tape 1, accumulator body 2b constantly is pushed into an end of hopper 22, and constantly shovels the end propelling at 21 places in hopper 22 to fragmentation, when being advanced into the lower position that is positioned at broken shovel 21, and the fragmentation shovel fragmentation that is fallen.Broken thing is sent in the cage shape bucket sieve 23 by transmitting device after concentrating, continuous rotation along with cage shape bucket sieve 23, broken thing is left repeatedly, the pole plate lead plaster that the pole plate castor adheres to is on the net also constantly come off from the pole plate castor on the net by the vibration powdering in leaving process, and is sieved out from its sieve aperture by cage shape bucket sieve 23; The pole plate castor net that particle diameter is larger, white asbestos dividing plate and plastic grain are discharged from bucket sieve discharging opening 23b.Further utilize subsequently body waterpower separative element and body solid-liquid separation unit to finish disassembling and separating treatment for accumulator body.
Through above program, used and scrapped battery not only is disassembled fragmentation, and can be separated in an orderly manner several compositions such as plastic grain, copper-lead joint, pole plate castor net, pole plate powdery lead plaster and asbestos dividing plate and divide, plastic grain can reclaim again injection moulding and make the new accumulator shell, copper, lead joint are heated in smelting furnace about 400 ℃, and high-purity lead joint fusing point is low, are melted and directly cast lead pig, copper sleeve does not melt under 400 ℃ of temperature, after leaching again under 1100 ℃ of temperature melting cast copper ingot.It is that alloy is plumbous that pole plate castor host wants composition, and directly the alloy lead pig is cast in melting under 500 ℃ of temperature.The asbestos dividing plate also can directly reclaim reprocessing and make new asbestos dividing plate, is used for storage battery reprocessing and makes.Pole plate powdery lead plaster main component is PbSO
4, PbO, PbS mixture, these mixtures are added add soda ash Na after the entry
2CO
3, make the PbSO4 reaction be PbCO
3, be heated to 800 ℃ of meltings with dropping into smelting furnace behind sediment PbCO3, PbO, the PbS pressure-filteration drying again, add at last reducing agent iron powder and powdered carbon, can obtain lead bullion by reduction reaction.The lead alloy of cupric can not the Direct Regeneration storage battery, needs the double refining decopper(ing), increases energy consumption and disposal of pollutants.The alloy lead that the above-mentioned smelting program of process obtains, lead bullion, lead bullion all can be directly used in the regeneration storage battery pond because not containing copper component.The most crucial technology of native system most critical is that copper component is directly spun off, and prevents that it from sneaking into the lead alloy that raw material is smelted into cupric.