KR100570904B1 - 구름 저항이 개선된 로드 타이어 제조용 실리카계 고무 조성물, 당해 조성물의 구름 저항 특성 개선방법, 당해 조성물을 포함하는 로드 타이어 및 로드 타이어의 트레드 - Google Patents
구름 저항이 개선된 로드 타이어 제조용 실리카계 고무 조성물, 당해 조성물의 구름 저항 특성 개선방법, 당해 조성물을 포함하는 로드 타이어 및 로드 타이어의 트레드 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100570904B1 KR100570904B1 KR1019980018950A KR19980018950A KR100570904B1 KR 100570904 B1 KR100570904 B1 KR 100570904B1 KR 1019980018950 A KR1019980018950 A KR 1019980018950A KR 19980018950 A KR19980018950 A KR 19980018950A KR 100570904 B1 KR100570904 B1 KR 100570904B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- silica
- less
- pores
- diameter
- pore volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
- C01B33/187—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
- C01B33/193—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
- C01P2006/17—Pore diameter distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9706370A FR2763593B1 (fr) | 1997-05-26 | 1997-05-26 | Composition de caoutchouc a base de silice destinee a la fabrication d'enveloppes de pneumatiques routiers ayant une resistance au roulement amelioree |
| FR9706370 | 1997-05-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR19980087358A KR19980087358A (ko) | 1998-12-05 |
| KR100570904B1 true KR100570904B1 (ko) | 2006-10-19 |
Family
ID=9507208
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019980018950A Expired - Fee Related KR100570904B1 (ko) | 1997-05-26 | 1998-05-26 | 구름 저항이 개선된 로드 타이어 제조용 실리카계 고무 조성물, 당해 조성물의 구름 저항 특성 개선방법, 당해 조성물을 포함하는 로드 타이어 및 로드 타이어의 트레드 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6191205B1 (https=) |
| EP (2) | EP1186629B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP4131763B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR100570904B1 (https=) |
| CN (2) | CN1294191C (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU737043B2 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2238393A1 (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE69833279T2 (https=) |
| FR (1) | FR2763593B1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (65)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11236208A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-08-31 | Nippon Silica Ind Co Ltd | ゴム補強用含水ケイ酸 |
| FR2804688B1 (fr) * | 2000-02-07 | 2006-08-11 | Michelin Soc Tech | Utilisation d'une composition de caoutchouc pour retarder lors du roulage l'apparition de l'usure irreguliere sur une bande de roulement de pneumatique destinee a porter de lourdes charges |
| WO2002010269A2 (fr) | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-07 | Societe De Technologie Michelin | Bande de roulement pour pneumatique |
| EP1419195B1 (fr) | 2001-06-28 | 2010-04-21 | Société de Technologie Michelin | Bande de roulement pour pneumatique renforcee d'une silice a basse surface specifique |
| EP1404755A1 (fr) | 2001-06-28 | 2004-04-07 | Société de Technologie Michelin | Bande de roulement pour pneumatique renforcee d'une silice a tres basse surface specifique |
| BR0211898A (pt) * | 2001-08-13 | 2004-09-21 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composição de borracha diênica para pneumático, processo para preparar a mesma, utilização de uma composição de borracha, artigo semi-acabado de borracha para pneumático, pneumático, banda de rodagem de pneumático, e, processo para reforçar uma composição de borracha diênica destinada à fabricação de pneumáticos |
| FR2833937B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-26 | 2004-11-12 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Silices a faible reprise en eau |
| US7041745B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2006-05-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Addition of polar polymer to improve tear strength and processing of silica filled rubber |
| DE10330221A1 (de) | 2002-08-03 | 2004-02-12 | Degussa Ag | Hochdispersible Fällungskieselsäure |
| JP4455306B2 (ja) | 2004-12-13 | 2010-04-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 生化学処理方法 |
| FR2886304B1 (fr) | 2005-05-26 | 2007-08-10 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition de caoutchouc pour pneumatique comportant un systeme de couplage organosilicique |
| FR2886306B1 (fr) | 2005-05-26 | 2007-07-06 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition de caoutchouc pour pneumatique comportant un agent de couplage organosiloxane |
| ATE442410T1 (de) | 2006-03-24 | 2009-09-15 | Continental Ag | Kautschukmischung und reifen |
| JP5003011B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-20 | 2012-08-15 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | ゴム組成物 |
| FR2903411B1 (fr) * | 2006-07-06 | 2012-11-02 | Soc Tech Michelin | Nanoparticules de polymere vinylique fonctionnalise |
| US7648093B2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2010-01-19 | Dennis Kruger | Pill crusher and pill pouch |
| WO2009086453A2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Silica containing black sidewall compounds and tires comprising same |
| JP5448849B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-18 | 2014-03-19 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
| FR2928374B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-10 | 2011-10-07 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition de caoutchouc dienique pour pneumatique comprenant une silice en tant que charge renforcante |
| EP2272909B1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2015-11-25 | Bridgestone Corporation | Tire prepared by using rubber composition containing modified polymer |
| FR2940290B1 (fr) | 2008-12-22 | 2010-12-31 | Michelin Soc Tech | Agent de couplage mercaptosilane bloque |
| FR2945815B1 (fr) | 2009-05-20 | 2011-07-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition de caoutchouc comportant un agent de couplage organosilane |
| FR2947552B1 (fr) | 2009-05-20 | 2011-08-26 | Michelin Soc Tech | Agent de couplage organosilane |
| FR2954774B1 (fr) | 2009-10-30 | 2012-01-06 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode de preparation d'un melange maitre de caoutchouc naturel et de silice |
| FR2954775B1 (fr) | 2009-10-30 | 2012-03-30 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode de preparation d'un melange maitre d'elastomere dienique synthetique et de silice |
| FR2952064B1 (fr) | 2009-10-30 | 2012-08-31 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode de preparation d'un melange maitre d'elastomere dienique et de silice |
| JP2011140613A (ja) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-07-21 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | タイヤ用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ |
| JP5457234B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-04-02 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 二輪車用タイヤ |
| JP5457233B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-04-02 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 二輪車用タイヤ |
| FR2961819B1 (fr) * | 2010-05-27 | 2013-04-26 | Soc Tech Michelin | Bandage pneumatique dont la ceinture est pourvue d'une gomme d'enrobage reduisant les bruits de roulage |
| JP4930661B1 (ja) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-05-16 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤ用ゴム組成物および空気入りタイヤ |
| FR2973385B1 (fr) | 2011-04-01 | 2014-08-22 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition de caoutchouc pour pneumatique comportant un agent de couplage azosilane. |
| FR2973384B1 (fr) | 2011-04-01 | 2014-08-22 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition de caoutchouc pour pneumatique comportant un agent de couplage azosilane. |
| FR2974093B1 (fr) | 2011-04-15 | 2015-05-08 | Michelin Soc Tech | Procede de preparation d'un melange maitre d'elastomere et d'une charge inorganique renforcante |
| FR2981078B1 (fr) | 2011-10-11 | 2013-11-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode pour preparer un melange maitre d'elastomere dienique et de silice |
| FR2981079B1 (fr) | 2011-10-11 | 2013-11-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode pour preparer un melange maitre d'elastomere dienique et de silice |
| FR2981080B1 (fr) | 2011-10-11 | 2013-11-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode de preparation d'un melange maitre de caoutchouc naturel et de silice dopee magnesium |
| FR2981077B1 (fr) | 2011-10-11 | 2013-11-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode pour preparer un melange maitre d'elastomere dienique et de silice |
| FR2981076B1 (fr) | 2011-10-11 | 2013-11-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode pour preparer un melange maitre d'elastomere dienique et de silice |
| FR2981081B1 (fr) | 2011-10-11 | 2013-11-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Methode de preparation d'un melange maitre de caoutchouc naturel et de silice |
| FR2984326B1 (fr) | 2011-12-16 | 2014-01-10 | Michelin Soc Tech | Agent de couplage mercaptosilane bloque |
| FR2984870B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2014-03-21 | Rhodia Operations | Nouveau procede de preparation de silices precipitees. |
| FR2988384B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-22 | 2015-09-11 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de preparation de silice precipitee comprenant une etape de fort compactage |
| FR3020066B1 (fr) | 2014-04-22 | 2016-04-01 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc pour pneumatique comportant un agent de couplage azosilane |
| WO2016099510A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-23 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Microstructured composites for improved tire characteristics |
| WO2016099512A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-23 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Microstructured composites for improved tire characteristics |
| KR101674451B1 (ko) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-11-09 | 금호타이어 주식회사 | 승용차용 타이어 고무 조성물 |
| FR3038320A1 (fr) | 2015-07-02 | 2017-01-06 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc comprenant une silice de tres haute surface specifique et une resine hydrocarbonee de faible temperature de transition vitreuse |
| FR3053337B1 (fr) | 2016-06-30 | 2018-07-06 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Polysulfure de monohydroxysilane |
| FR3053345B1 (fr) | 2016-06-30 | 2018-07-06 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc comprenant un agent de couplage polysulfure de monohydroxysilane |
| FR3060565A1 (fr) | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-22 | Michelin & Cie | Polysulfure d'alcoxysilane |
| FR3065960B1 (fr) | 2017-05-05 | 2019-06-28 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc comprenant au moins une silice en tant que charge renforcante inorganique |
| JP6781106B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-11-04 | 東ソー・シリカ株式会社 | ゴム補強充填用含水ケイ酸及びその製造方法 |
| FR3079842B1 (fr) | 2018-04-06 | 2020-10-09 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique comportant une composition de caoutchouc comprenant un nouvel agent de couplage polysulfure porteur de groupes associatifs azotes |
| FR3079841B1 (fr) | 2018-04-06 | 2020-10-09 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique comportant une composition de caoutchouc comprenant un nouvel agent de couplage polysulfure porteur de groupes associatifs azotes |
| JP2021523261A (ja) | 2018-05-04 | 2021-09-02 | ブリヂストン アメリカズ タイヤ オペレーションズ、 エルエルシー | タイヤトレッドゴム組成物 |
| EP3788101A4 (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2022-01-12 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, LLC | RUBBER COMPOSITION FOR TIRE TREAD |
| EP3781625A4 (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2022-01-05 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, LLC | RUBBER COMPOSITION FOR TIRE TREAD |
| JP2021523959A (ja) | 2018-05-04 | 2021-09-09 | ブリヂストン アメリカズ タイヤ オペレーションズ、 エルエルシー | タイヤトレッドゴム組成物 |
| US12166236B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2024-12-10 | Rhodia Operations | Uniformly dispersing precipitated silica, process for preparing the same, battery separator including the same, and lead-acid battery including the same |
| US12325797B2 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2025-06-10 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Tire tread rubber composition and related methods |
| WO2020243311A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-03 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Tire tread rubber composition and related methods |
| EP3976709A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2022-04-06 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, LLC | Tire tread rubber composition and related methods |
| FR3113906B1 (fr) | 2020-09-04 | 2022-08-05 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc a base d’elastomere dienique fortement sature |
| FR3113905B1 (fr) | 2020-09-04 | 2022-08-05 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc a base d’elastomere dienique fortement sature |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2673187B1 (fr) * | 1991-02-25 | 1994-07-01 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc et enveloppes de pneumatiques a base de ladite composition. |
| FR2678259B1 (fr) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-11-05 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Nouvelles silices precipitees sous forme de granules ou de poudres, procedes de synthese et utilisation au renforcement des elastomeres. |
| PT670813E (pt) * | 1993-09-29 | 2003-07-31 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Silica precipitada |
-
1997
- 1997-05-26 FR FR9706370A patent/FR2763593B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-05-19 DE DE69833279T patent/DE69833279T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-19 EP EP01127185A patent/EP1186629B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-19 EP EP98109078A patent/EP0881252A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1998-05-22 CA CA002238393A patent/CA2238393A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1998-05-25 AU AU68069/98A patent/AU737043B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-05-26 US US09/085,097 patent/US6191205B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-26 JP JP18321298A patent/JP4131763B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-26 CN CNB981029450A patent/CN1294191C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-26 KR KR1019980018950A patent/KR100570904B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-01-10 CN CNB031014216A patent/CN1262591C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1186629B1 (fr) | 2006-01-25 |
| DE69833279D1 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
| EP0881252A1 (fr) | 1998-12-02 |
| KR19980087358A (ko) | 1998-12-05 |
| CA2238393A1 (fr) | 1998-11-26 |
| CN1219552A (zh) | 1999-06-16 |
| EP1186629A2 (fr) | 2002-03-13 |
| CN1294191C (zh) | 2007-01-10 |
| EP1186629A3 (fr) | 2002-08-21 |
| AU6806998A (en) | 1998-11-26 |
| AU737043B2 (en) | 2001-08-09 |
| JPH11124474A (ja) | 1999-05-11 |
| CN1262591C (zh) | 2006-07-05 |
| US6191205B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 |
| CN1431245A (zh) | 2003-07-23 |
| FR2763593B1 (fr) | 1999-07-09 |
| DE69833279T2 (de) | 2006-10-26 |
| JP4131763B2 (ja) | 2008-08-13 |
| FR2763593A1 (fr) | 1998-11-27 |
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