JPWO2018142971A1 - 一体化成形体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
一体化成形体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018142971A1 JPWO2018142971A1 JP2018511296A JP2018511296A JPWO2018142971A1 JP WO2018142971 A1 JPWO2018142971 A1 JP WO2018142971A1 JP 2018511296 A JP2018511296 A JP 2018511296A JP 2018511296 A JP2018511296 A JP 2018511296A JP WO2018142971 A1 JPWO2018142971 A1 JP WO2018142971A1
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- core layer
- molded body
- resin
- sandwich structure
- fibers
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Abstract
Description
(1)不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなるコア層及び連続繊維と樹脂(B)からなるスキン層から構成されるサンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部を接合部とし、前記接合部に別の構造体(C)を配した一体化成形体であって、
前記サンドイッチ構造体は少なくとも端部の一部に段差部を有し、該段差部は、該段差部における高い面を形成する本体部、段差部の高い面と低い面をつなぐ境界面を形成する境界面部及び前記本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する最薄肉部から構成され、かつ、前記別の構造体(C)は前記境界面に接しておらず、前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合されていることを特徴とする一体化成形体。
(2)前記境界面部の境界面は、前記本体部の面内方向に対して、1〜20°の角度を有している、(1)に記載の一体化成形体。
(3)前記スキン層と前記別の構造体(C)との間の少なくとも一部に接合層が設けられている、(1)または(2)に記載の一体化成形体。
(4)前記コア層と前記別の構造体(C)との間の少なくとも一部に接合層が設けられている、(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(5)前記本体部を形成する領域における前記コア層の空隙率が50%以上80%以下、前記最薄肉部を形成する領域における前記コア層の空隙率が0%以上50%未満である、(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(6)前記サンドイッチ構造体の全周にわたって前記接合部が形成されてなる、(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(7)前記接合部の前記サンドイッチ構造体の端面からの長さLbが3〜30mmの範囲にある、(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(8)前記本体部の厚さDbが0.4〜2mm、前記接合部の厚さTcが0.1〜1.7mmの範囲にある、(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(9)Db/Tcが1.1〜20の範囲にある、(8)に記載の一体化成形体。
(10)前記本体部の前記境界面部側端縁から前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合された前記別の構造体(C)までの距離Lが0.1〜30mmの範囲にある、(1)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(11)前記サンドイッチ構造体は前記端部の一部以外にも別の段差部を有するとともに前記別の構造体(C)が配され、前記別の段差部は、該別の段差部の両側における高い面を形成する本体部、該別の段差部の両側の高い面と該両側の高い面間に位置する低い面をつなぐ別の境界面を形成する別の境界面部及び前記両側の本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する別の最薄肉部から構成され、かつ、前記別の構造体(C)は前記別の境界面に接しておらず、前記別の最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合されている、(1)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(12)前記本体部の厚さと、前記接合部を介して接合された前記別の構造体(C)のみからなる部分の厚さとが同じ厚さを有する、(1)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(13)前記コア層は、不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)とからなるコア層前駆体を加熱によるスプリングバックにより厚さ方向に膨張させて空隙を形成させてなる、(1)〜(12)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(14)前記コア層を構成する不連続繊維が5〜75重量%、熱可塑性樹脂(A)が25〜95重量%の範囲にある、(1)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(15)前記コア層を構成する不連続繊維の数平均繊維長が0.5〜50mmの範囲にある、(1)〜(14)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(16)前記コア層を構成する不連続繊維が500本以下の単繊維からなる繊維束で存在し、前記繊維束がランダムに配向してなる、(1)〜(15)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
(17)コア層を構成する不連続繊維がモノフィラメント状に分散し、不連続な単繊維(a)と、前記不連続な単繊維(a)と交差する他の不連続な単繊維(b)とで形成される二次元配向角の平均値が10〜80度の範囲にある、(16)に記載の一体化成形体。
(18)不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなるコア層及び連続繊維と樹脂(B)からなるスキン層から構成されるサンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部を接合部とし、前記接合部に、別の構造体(C)を接合させる一体化成形体の製造方法であって、少なくとも以下の工程[1]〜工程[5]からなることを特徴とする、一体化成形体の製造方法。
[1]前記不連続繊維からなるウエブの少なくとも片面に前記熱可塑性樹脂(A)層を配したコア層前駆体を準備する工程
[2]前記コア層前駆体の両面に、前記連続繊維に前記樹脂(B)を含浸させたスキン層前駆体を配して成形体前駆体を形成する工程
[3]前記成形体前駆体を加熱プレス成形し、前記スキン層前駆体を固化または硬化させてスキン層を形成するとともに、前記コア層前駆体と前記スキン層とを一体化させる工程
[4]前記コア層前駆体中の前記不連続繊維の復元力を発現させコア層内に空隙を形成させて前記サンドイッチ構造体を所定厚さに膨張させるにあたり、プレス金型を当接させることにより前記サンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部に段差部を形成し、該段差部を、該段差部における高い面を形成する本体部、段差部の高い面と低い面をつなぐ境界面を形成する境界面部及び前記本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する最薄肉部から構成するサンドイッチ構造体賦形工程
[5]金型内に前記賦形されたサンドイッチ構造体を配置し、金型内の前記接合部に対し、溶融させた別の構造体(C)の樹脂を、前記境界面には接せず前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接するように樹脂の流動を金型内の途中でせき止めた状態にて射出することにより、前記サンドイッチ構造体と前記別の構造体(C)を接合して一体化させる工程
(19)前記[4]サンドイッチ構造体賦形工程において、不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)とを含有する前記コア層前駆体を、前記熱可塑性樹脂(A)の軟化点または融点以上に加熱及び加圧した後、加圧を解除し、スプリングバックにより膨張させることにより前記空隙を形成させる、(18)に記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
(20)前記[2]成形体前駆体の形成工程において、前記コア層の少なくとも一方の表面における本体部に相当する領域にのみにスキン層を配したスキン層前駆体を形成し、加熱プレスにより前記スキン層前駆体を固化または硬化してスキン層を形成するとともに、所定厚さに膨張させて空隙を有するコア層を備えた前記本体部を形成する、(18)または(19)に記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
(21)前記接合部を構成するスキン層又はコア層に熱可塑性樹脂フィルム若しくは不織布を配置、又は接着剤を塗布し、その後に溶融させた別の構造体(C)の樹脂を射出成形することにより、前記サンドイッチ構造体と別の構造体(C)とを接合一体化させる、(18)〜(20)のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
前記サンドイッチ構造体は少なくとも端部の一部に段差部を有し、該段差部は、該段差部における高い面を形成する本体部、段差部の高い面と低い面をつなぐ境界面を形成する境界面部及び前記本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する最薄肉部から構成され、かつ、前記別の構造体(C)は前記境界面に接しておらず、前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合されていることを特徴とする一体化成形体である。
本発明は、不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなるコア層及び連続繊維と樹脂(B)からなるスキン層から構成されるサンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部を接合部とし、前記接合部に、別の構造体(C)を接合させる一体化成形体の製造方法であって、少なくとも以下の工程[1]〜工程[5]からなることを特徴とする一体化成形体の製造方法である。
[1]前記不連続繊維からなるウエブの少なくとも片面に前記熱可塑性樹脂(A)層を配したコア層前駆体を準備する工程
[2]前記コア層前駆体の両面に、前記連続繊維に前記樹脂(B)を含浸させたスキン層前駆体を配して成形体前駆体を形成する工程
[3]前記成形体前駆体を加熱プレス成形し、前記スキン層前駆体を固化または硬化させてスキン層を形成するとともに、前記コア層前駆体と前記スキン層とを一体化させる工程
[4]前記コア層前駆体中の前記不連続繊維の復元力を発現させコア層内に空隙を形成させて前記サンドイッチ構造体を所定厚さに膨張させるにあたり、プレス金型を当接させることにより前記サンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部に段差部を形成し、該段差部を、該段差部における高い面を形成する本体部、段差部の高い面と低い面をつなぐ境界面を形成する境界面部及び前記本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する最薄肉部から構成するサンドイッチ構造体賦形工程
[5]金型内に前記賦形されたサンドイッチ構造体を配置し、金型内の前記接合部に対し、溶融させた別の構造体(C)の樹脂を、前記境界面には接せず前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接するように樹脂の流動を金型内の途中でせき止めた状態にて射出することにより、前記サンドイッチ構造体と前記別の構造体(C)を接合して一体化させる工程
図10[1]は、不連続繊維からなるウエブ31の両面に熱可塑性樹脂(A)層32を配したコア層前駆体33を準備する工程[1]を示している。熱可塑性樹脂(A)層32は他の基材と積層する作業性の観点からフィルムや不織布が好ましい。
一体化成形体から接合部を含んだ小片を切り出し、エポキシ樹脂に包埋した後、一体化成形体の厚さ方向の断面を研磨することで試料を作製した。この試料をレーザー顕微鏡((株)キーエンス製、VK−9510)を用いて撮影した後、画像計測ツールを用いて、図5に示すように、サンドイッチ構造体に接合された別の構造体(C)の接合部長さ(Lb)、境界面部端縁から別の構造体(C)までの距離(L)、サンドイッチ構造体の境界面部角度(θ)を測定した。
一体化成形体のうち、接合部が長手方向中央となるように、一体化成形体の厚さ方向に垂直な面内において長さ50mm、幅25mmのサイズになるように試験片を切り出し、支点間距離が試験片厚さの32倍で、ASTM D790に準拠して曲げ強度を求め、これを接合強度とした。さらに、得られた接合強度を以下の基準で評価した。A、Bが合格であり、C、Dが不合格とした。
A:100MPa以上
B:60MPa以上100MPa未満
C:40MPa以上60MPa未満
D:40MPa未満あるいは測定不可
図1に示すような、サンドイッチ構造体に接合された別の構造体(C)との接合部近傍の意匠面側凹みを表面粗さ計((株)東京精密製、サーフコム480A)のうねり測定で測定するとともに、目視で外観を確認した。さらに、得られた凹み量と外観を以下の基準で評価した。○が合格であり、△、×が不合格とした。
○:凹みが5μm未満でかつ目視で凹みが見えない
△:凹みが5μm以上20μm未満
×:凹みが20μm以上
図10〔4〕Bに示すような、本体部と最薄肉部とのコア層の空隙率が異なるサンドイッチ構造体を製造する際に、境界面部に4度の角度をつけた上型35を用いることで、境界面部の角度(θ)が4度のサンドイッチ構造体を得た。
図10〔4〕Bに示すような、本体部と最薄肉部とのコア層の空隙率が異なるサンドイッチ構造体を製造する際に、境界面部に90度の角度をつけた上型35を用いることで、境界面部の角度(θ)が90度のサンドイッチ構造体を得た。
図10〔4〕Bに示すような、本体部と最薄肉部とのコア層の空隙率が異なるサンドイッチ構造体を製造する際に、境界面部に2度の角度をつけた上型35を用いることで、境界面部の角度(θ)が2度のサンドイッチ構造体を得た。
図10〔4〕Bに示すような、本体部と最薄肉部とのコア層の空隙率が異なるサンドイッチ構造体を製造する際に、境界面部に18度の角度をつけた上型35を用いることで、境界面部の角度(θ)が18度のサンドイッチ構造体を得た。
サンドイッチ構造体は実施例1同様に作製した。得られたサンドイッチ構造体を射出成形金型内にセットし、型締めを行った後、溶融させた樹脂(C)を射出成形した際に、接合部の長さ(Lb)が2mmと短い、図5の模式図に示す一体化成形体を製造した。サンドイッチ構造体に接合された別の構造体(C)との接合部近傍の意匠面側凹みが無い良外観が得られたが、一体化成形体の接合強度が低く合格レベルに達しなかった。その結果、接合強度も合格レベルにするには、実施例3との比較から、接合部の長さ(Lb)を3mmとすることが好ましいことが判明した。一体化成形体の特性をまとめて表1に示す。
サンドイッチ構造体は実施例1同様に作製した。得られたサンドイッチ構造体を射出成形金型内にセットし、型締めを行った後、溶融させた樹脂(C)を射出成形した際に、図1に示すように境界面部まで別の構造体(C)が接合した一体化成形体を製造した。一体化成形体は接合強度が高いものの、サンドイッチ構造体に接合された別の構造体(C)との接合部近傍の意匠面側凹みが大きかった。一体化成形体の特性をまとめて表1に示す。
サンドイッチ構造体は実施例4同様に作製した。得られたサンドイッチ構造体を射出成形金型内にセットし、型締めを行った後、溶融させた樹脂(C)を射出成形した際に、接合部の長さ(Lb)が2mmと短く、図1に示すように境界面部まで別の構造体(C)が接合した一体化成形体を製造した。一体化成形体は接合強度が低く合格レベルに達しなかった。また、サンドイッチ構造体に接合された別の構造体(C)との接合部近傍の意匠面側凹みも大きかった。一体化成形体の特性をまとめて表1に示す。
2 スキン層
3 コア層
3a 空隙率の高いコア層
3b 空隙率の低いコア層
4 コア層内での繊維
5 空隙
6 接合部
7 別の構造体(C)
8 本体部
8a 段差部の高い面
9、42 境界面部
9a 境界面
10、43 最薄肉部
10a 段差部の低い面(最薄肉部の上面)
10b 最薄肉部の側面
11 段差部
12 金型
13 せき止め部
14、15、16、17、18、19 不連続な単繊維
20 二次元接触角、二次元配向角
21 接合層
31 不連続繊維ウエブ
32 熱可塑性樹脂(A)
33 コア層前駆体
34 スキン層前駆体
35 プレス金型の上型
36 プレス金型の下型
37 プレス金型の間隙が異なる領域
45,51 別の段差部
46、53 別の構造体(C)
47 本体部
47a 別の段差部の高い面
48、52 別の境界面部
48a、52a 別の境界面
49 別の最薄肉部
49a 別の段差部の低い面(別の最薄肉部の上面)
50a 空隙率の高いコア層
50b 空隙率の低いコア層
100、200、201 一体化成形体
Claims (21)
- 不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなるコア層及び連続繊維と樹脂(B)からなるスキン層から構成されるサンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部を接合部とし、前記接合部に別の構造体(C)を配した一体化成形体であって、
前記サンドイッチ構造体は少なくとも端部の一部に段差部を有し、該段差部は、該段差部における高い面を形成する本体部、段差部の高い面と低い面をつなぐ境界面を形成する境界面部及び前記本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する最薄肉部から構成され、かつ、前記別の構造体(C)は前記境界面に接しておらず、前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合されていることを特徴とする一体化成形体。 - 前記境界面部の境界面は、前記本体部の面内方向に対して、1〜20°の角度を有している、請求項1に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記スキン層と前記別の構造体(C)との間の少なくとも一部に接合層が設けられている、請求項1または2に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記コア層と前記別の構造体(C)との間の少なくとも一部に接合層が設けられている、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記本体部を形成する領域における前記コア層の空隙率が50%以上80%以下、前記最薄肉部を形成する領域における前記コア層の空隙率が0%以上50%未満である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記サンドイッチ構造体の全周にわたって前記接合部が形成されてなる、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記接合部の前記サンドイッチ構造体の端面からの長さLbが3〜30mmの範囲にある、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記本体部の厚さDbが0.4〜2mm、前記接合部の厚さTcが0.1〜1.7mmの範囲にある、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- Db/Tcが1.1〜20の範囲にある、請求項8に記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記本体部の前記境界面部側端縁から前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合された前記別の構造体(C)までの距離Lが0.1〜30mmの範囲にある、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記サンドイッチ構造体は前記端部の一部以外にも別の段差部を有するとともに前記別の構造体(C)が配され、前記別の段差部は、該別の段差部の両側における高い面を形成する本体部、該別の段差部の両側の高い面と該両側の高い面間に位置する低い面をつなぐ別の境界面を形成する別の境界面部及び前記両側の本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する別の最薄肉部から構成され、かつ、前記別の構造体(C)は前記別の境界面に接しておらず、前記別の最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接合されている、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記本体部の厚さと、前記接合部を介して接合された前記別の構造体(C)のみからなる部分の厚さとが同じ厚さを有する、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記コア層は、不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)とからなるコア層前駆体を加熱によるスプリングバックにより厚さ方向に膨張させて空隙を形成させてなる、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記コア層を構成する不連続繊維が5〜75重量%、熱可塑性樹脂(A)が25〜95重量%の範囲にある、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記コア層を構成する不連続繊維の数平均繊維長が0.5〜50mmの範囲にある、請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- 前記コア層を構成する不連続繊維が500本以下の単繊維からなる繊維束で存在し、前記繊維束がランダムに配向してなる、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体。
- コア層を構成する不連続繊維がモノフィラメント状に分散し、不連続な単繊維(a)と、前記不連続な単繊維(a)と交差する他の不連続な単繊維(b)とで形成される二次元配向角の平均値が10〜80度の範囲にある、請求項16に記載の一体化成形体。
- 不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなるコア層及び連続繊維と樹脂(B)からなるスキン層から構成されるサンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部を接合部とし、前記接合部に、別の構造体(C)を接合させる一体化成形体の製造方法であって、少なくとも以下の工程[1]〜工程[5]からなることを特徴とする、一体化成形体の製造方法。
[1]前記不連続繊維からなるウエブの少なくとも片面に前記熱可塑性樹脂(A)層を配したコア層前駆体を準備する工程
[2]前記コア層前駆体の両面に、前記連続繊維に前記樹脂(B)を含浸させたスキン層前駆体を配して成形体前駆体を形成する工程
[3]前記成形体前駆体を加熱プレス成形し、前記スキン層前駆体を固化または硬化させてスキン層を形成するとともに、前記コア層前駆体と前記スキン層とを一体化させる工程
[4]前記コア層前駆体中の前記不連続繊維の復元力を発現させコア層内に空隙を形成させて前記サンドイッチ構造体を所定厚さに膨張させるにあたり、プレス金型を当接させることにより前記サンドイッチ構造体の少なくとも端部の一部に段差部を形成し、該段差部を、該段差部における高い面を形成する本体部、段差部の高い面と低い面をつなぐ境界面を形成する境界面部及び前記本体部におけるコア層の空隙率よりも低い空隙率のコア層を有する最薄肉部から構成するサンドイッチ構造体賦形工程
[5]金型内に前記賦形されたサンドイッチ構造体を配置し、金型内の前記接合部に対し、溶融させた別の構造体(C)の樹脂を、前記境界面には接せず前記最薄肉部の少なくとも一部のみと接するように樹脂の流動を金型内の途中でせき止めた状態にて射出することにより、前記サンドイッチ構造体と前記別の構造体(C)を接合して一体化させる工程 - 前記[4]サンドイッチ構造体賦形工程において、不連続繊維と熱可塑性樹脂(A)とを含有する前記コア層前駆体を、前記熱可塑性樹脂(A)の軟化点または融点以上に加熱及び加圧した後、加圧を解除し、スプリングバックにより膨張させることにより前記空隙を形成させる、請求項18に記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
- 前記[2]成形体前駆体の形成工程において、前記コア層の少なくとも一方の表面における本体部に相当する領域にのみにスキン層を配したスキン層前駆体を形成し、加熱プレスにより前記スキン層前駆体を固化または硬化してスキン層を形成するとともに、所定厚さに膨張させて空隙を有するコア層を備えた前記本体部を形成する、請求項18または19に記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
- 前記接合部を構成するスキン層又はコア層に熱可塑性樹脂フィルム若しくは不織布を配置、又は接着剤を塗布し、その後に溶融させた別の構造体(C)の樹脂を射出成形することにより、前記サンドイッチ構造体と別の構造体(C)とを接合一体化させる、請求項18〜20のいずれかに記載の一体化成形体の製造方法。
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