JPWO2014174845A1 - 蓄圧器 - Google Patents
蓄圧器 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2014174845A1 JPWO2014174845A1 JP2014546218A JP2014546218A JPWO2014174845A1 JP WO2014174845 A1 JPWO2014174845 A1 JP WO2014174845A1 JP 2014546218 A JP2014546218 A JP 2014546218A JP 2014546218 A JP2014546218 A JP 2014546218A JP WO2014174845 A1 JPWO2014174845 A1 JP WO2014174845A1
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- carbon fiber
- liner layer
- hydrogen
- steel
- pressure accumulator
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum Chemical compound [Cr].[Mo] VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QDLZHJXUBZCCAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Mn] Chemical compound [Cr].[Mn] QDLZHJXUBZCCAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 144
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 44
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001149 41xx steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100040287 GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710185324 GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical class ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕ライナー層と、前記ライナー層の外側に設けられた炭素繊維強化樹脂層とを有する水素を収容する蓄圧器であり、
前記ライナー層は、低合金鋼からなり、
前記炭素繊維強化樹脂層は、ピッチ系炭素繊維と樹脂とからなる
ことを特徴とする蓄圧器。
〔2〕前記炭素繊維強化樹脂層の炭素繊維のヤング率(Young's modulus)は、400GPa以上であることを特徴とする〔1〕に記載の蓄圧器。
〔3〕前記ライナー層は、クロムモリブデン鋼(chrome molybdenum steel)、ニッケルクロムモリブデン鋼(nickel-chrome-molybdenum steel)、マンガンクロム鋼(manganese chrome steel)、マンガン鋼(manganese steel)もしくはボロン添加鋼(boron-added steel)のうちいずれか1つからなることを特徴とする〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の蓄圧器。
〔4〕前記ライナー層の発生応力(generated stress)の設計係数(design factor)は、2.5以上であることを特徴とする〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
〔5〕前記ライナー層の発生応力が、蓄圧器を使用する水素圧での繰り返し数10万回での疲労破壊限度応力(fatigue fracture critical stress)以下に設計された〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
〔6〕前記ライナー層の、水素圧力82MPa中での繰り返し数10万回での疲労破壊限度応力が250MPa以上であることを特徴とする〔1〕〜〔5〕のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
〔7〕前記ライナー層が自緊処理(auto-frettage)されていることを特徴とする〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
〔8〕前記ライナー層は、高温材料(high-temperature material)を圧延中に穿孔する(piercing)シームレス鋼管(seamless steel tube)により形成されていることを特徴とする〔1〕〜〔7〕のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
〔9〕前記ライナー層の外周面に粉体塗装(powder coating)が施されていることを特徴とする〔1〕〜〔8〕のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
である。
図1は、蓄圧器10を含む水素ステーション1の構成図である。なお、理解の便宜のため、蓄圧器10は、バルブ(valve)20とボス(boss)21を外し、一部の半体を切り欠いて図示している。図1に示すように、水素ステーション1は、カードル(curdle)2、圧縮機(compressor)3、圧縮機3に配管6aを介して接続された蓄圧器10と、ディスペンサー(dispenser)4とを有している。カードル2は複数のガスボンベ(high pressure storage tank)を集合させた水素の供給源であり、別の場所で水素が充填され水素ステーション1に搬送される。
次に、蓄圧器10について詳細に説明する。蓄圧器10は、例えば一方向に長い形状を有しており、長さLが2000mm、外径φ1が500mm、内径φ2が300mm、容量が140Lに形成されている。なお、蓄圧器10の容量や各寸法はこれに限られるものではなく、設置場所(installation location)や要求性能(required performance)等に合わせて適宜設定することができる。
次に、上述した蓄圧器10の好ましい製造方法を図6及び図7により説明する。まず、図6に示すように、先ず、継ぎ目のない筒状のシームレス鋼管30が形成される(ステップ1:シームレス鋼管の形成工程)。具体的には、丸棒状のビレット(billet)という鋼の塊を加熱して高温材料とし、それをマンドレルミル(mandrel mill)で圧延しながら、その中心を工具で穿孔して中空状のパイプを形成する所謂マンネスマン製管法(Mannesmann mill process)を採用することにより、シームレス鋼管30を形成する。また、図1のライナー層12は、継ぎ目のないシームレス鋼管から形成されており、周方向に均質な剛性を発揮し、内圧(internal pressure)やねじれ(torsion)に強い層を形成できる。そして、このシームレス鋼管では溶接等の継ぎ目に応力が集中することもなく、上述したライナー層12への発生応力の設計を疲労破壊限度応力以下にした効果が有効に担保される。なお、シームレス鋼管の製造方法は特に規定されることはなく、高温材料を圧延中に穿孔する圧延加工により、大量生産を可能とし、安価なライナー層12を形成するのが好ましい。
Claims (9)
- ライナー層と、前記ライナー層の外側に設けられた炭素繊維強化樹脂層とを有する水素を収容する蓄圧器であり、
前記ライナー層は、低合金鋼からなり、
前記炭素繊維強化樹脂層は、ピッチ系炭素繊維と樹脂とからなる
ことを特徴とする蓄圧器。 - 前記炭素繊維強化樹脂層の炭素繊維のヤング率は、400GPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層は、クロムモリブデン鋼、ニッケルクロムモリブデン鋼、マンガンクロム鋼、マンガン鋼もしくはボロン添加鋼のうちいずれか1つからなることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層の発生応力の設計係数は、2.5以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層の発生応力が、蓄圧器を使用する水素圧での繰り返し数10万回での疲労破壊限度応力以下に設計された請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層の、水素圧力82MPa中での繰り返し数10万回での疲労破壊限度応力が250MPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層が自緊処理されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層は、高温材料を圧延中に穿孔するシームレス鋼管により形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
- 前記ライナー層の外周面に粉体塗装が施されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の蓄圧器。
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