JPWO2013125713A1 - ハニカム構造体 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2013125713A1 JPWO2013125713A1 JP2013526249A JP2013526249A JPWO2013125713A1 JP WO2013125713 A1 JPWO2013125713 A1 JP WO2013125713A1 JP 2013526249 A JP2013526249 A JP 2013526249A JP 2013526249 A JP2013526249 A JP 2013526249A JP WO2013125713 A1 JPWO2013125713 A1 JP WO2013125713A1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- honeycomb
- bonding material
- material layer
- honeycomb structure
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Abstract
Description
本発明のハニカム構造体の一実施形態は、図1、図2に示すハニカム構造体100のように、複数のハニカムセグメント4と、気孔の全数の60%以上が、最大径L1を最小径L2で割ったときの値が1.2以下の気孔である接合材層13と、を備えている。「複数のハニカムセグメント4」は、多孔質の隔壁2及び最外周に位置し隔壁2を取り囲むように配設された外周壁3を有するとともに、目封止部6を有するものである。「隔壁2」は、一方の端面11から他方の端面12まで延び流体の流路となる複数のセル1を区画形成するものである。「目封止部6」は、所定のセル1(1a)の一方の端部と残余のセル1(1b)の他方の端部とに配設されたものである。「接合材層13」は、複数のハニカムセグメント4を、これらのハニカムセグメント4の互いの側面同士が対向するように隣接して配置された状態で接合する複数の気孔を有するものである。なお、以下、「最大径L1を最小径L2で割ったときの値が1.2以下の気孔」を「球状気孔」と記す場合がある。
接合材層13は、図2、図3に示すように、複数のハニカムセグメント4を、これらのハニカムセグメント4の互いの側面同士が対向するように隣接して配置された状態で接合するものである。そして、接合材層13の内部には、複数の気孔8が形成されている。図3は、図2に示す領域Sを拡大して模式的に示す断面図である。
ハニカムセグメントは、従来公知のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルターなどとして使用されているハニカム構造体のハニカムセグメントと同様のものを適宜用いることができる。図1に示すハニカムセグメントは、一方の端面11から他方の端面12まで延び流体の流路となる複数のセル1を区画形成する多孔質の隔壁2を有し、所定のセル1(1a)の一方の端部と残余のセル1(1b)の他方の端部とに配設された目封止部6を有する。そして、図1に示すハニカムセグメントにおいて、隣接したセル1の端部は、交互に(市松模様状に)目封止されている。
本発明のハニカム構造体は、以下のように製造することができる。まず、目封止部を有する複数のハニカムセグメントを用意し、各ハニカムセグメントの接合面(側面)に接合材組成物を塗工する(接合材組成物塗工工程)。上記ハニカムセグメントは、一方の端面から他方の端面まで延び流体の流路となる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁を有し、所定のセルの一方の端部と残余のセルの他方の端部とに配設された目封止部を有するものである。次に、これらのハニカムセグメントを、ハニカムセグメントの互いの側面同士が対向するように隣接して配置し、隣接するハニカムセグメント同士を圧着した後、加熱乾燥させる。このようにして、隣接ハニカムセグメントの側面同士が接合材層によって接合されたセグメント接合体を作製する(セグメント接合体作製工程)。次に、このセグメント接合体の外周部を研削加工して所望の形状(例えば円柱状)とし、外周面にコーティング材を塗工した後、加熱乾燥させて外周壁を形成する(外周壁形成工程)。このようにしてハニカム構造体を作製することができる。
本工程のハニカムセグメントとしては、以下のような方法で作製したものを用いることができる。
本工程において、ハニカムセグメントを組み付けた状態で圧着した後の加熱乾燥条件としては、120〜140℃、2〜3時間とすることができる。このようにして、隣接ハニカムセグメントの側面同士が接合材層によって接合されたセグメント接合体を作製する。
次に、作製したセグメント接合体の外周部を研削加工して所望の形状(例えば円柱状)とし、外周面にコーティング材を塗工した後、加熱乾燥させて外周壁を形成する。コーティング材によって塗工した後の加熱乾燥条件としては、600〜800℃、1〜3時間とすることができる。
(ハニカムセグメントの作製)
セラミックス原料として、SiC粉、金属Si粉を80:20の質量割合で混合した。これに、成形助材としてメチルセルロース及びヒドロキシプロポキシメチルセルロース、造孔材として澱粉と吸水性樹脂、界面活性剤及び水を添加して混練し、真空土練機により可塑性の坏土を作製した。
骨材として炭化珪素(平均粒子径4μm、アスペクト比1〜3)65質量部、及び、造孔材として発泡樹脂(平均粒子径45μm、アスペクト比1〜1.2)5質量部を用いた。なお、上記骨材は、粒子径50μm以下の粒子の体積含有率が89%、粒子径10μm以下の粒子の体積含有率が78%、粒子径2μm以下の粒子の体積含有率が18%であった。更に、上記骨材と造孔材に以下の添加材を混合した。即ち、コロイダルシリカ(無機バインダ)20質量部、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)(有機バインダ)0.5質量部、アルミノシリケートファイバー(無機繊維)5質量部、ポリエチレングリコールオレイン酸エステル(分散剤)0.1質量部、水を混合した。その後、ミキサーにて30分間混練を行ってペースト状の接合材組成物を得た。このとき、ペースト状の接合材組成物の粘度が20〜60Pa・sとなるように水の添加量を調整した。
ハニカムセグメントの側面に、厚さが1mmとなるように接合材組成物を塗布して塗布層を形成した。このとき、塗布方向は、ハニカムセグメントの長手方向に沿うようにした。次に、このハニカムセグメント上に、上記塗布層と外壁面とが接するように別のハニカムセグメントを載置した。その後、この工程を繰り返し、縦4個×横4個に組み合わせた合計16個のハニカムセグメントからなるハニカムセグメント積層体を作製した。その後、外部から圧力を加えた後、140℃で2時間乾燥させてセグメント接合体を得た。得られたセグメント接合体の外周部を、全体が円柱状になるように研削加工した。その後、外周面にコーティング材を塗布し、700℃で2時間乾燥させて外周壁(厚さ0.3mm)を形成した。このようにしてハニカム構造体を得た。なお、コーティング材としては、無機繊維、コロイダルシリカ、粘土、SiC粒子等の無機原料に、有機バインダ、発泡樹脂、分散剤等の添加材を加えたものに水を加えて混練したものを用いた。得られたハニカム構造体の円形の底面の直径は、144mmであった。
得られたハニカム構造体の接合材層について、気孔率、球状気孔の平均径、P2/P1の値、圧縮ヤング率、及び、曲げ強度を、下記の方法により求めた。その結果を表3に示す。
ハニカム構造体から接合材層の一部を切り出して試験片とした。この試験片についてアルキメデス法により算出した。なお、接合材層を構成する3層(第1層、第2層、第3層)についての気孔率は後述する画像処理により算出した。上記試験片は、縦10mm×横10mmとし、その厚さは接合材層の厚さと同じ(1mm)とした。即ち、上記試験片の一方の面は接合材層の一方の面(一のハニカムセグメント側の面)に由来する面である。そして、他方の面は接合材層の他方の面(別の一のハニカムセグメント側の面)に由来する面である。
まず、接合材層の厚さ方向に垂直な断面における電子顕微鏡写真を画像処理し、観察視野(1.0mm2)中の「気孔」の全数を数えた。次に、これらの「気孔」のうち「最大径/最小径」の値が1.2以下となる気孔(球状気孔)の数を数えた。その後、「気孔」の全数中の球状気孔の数の割合((球状気孔の数/「気孔」の全数)×100)を算出した。そして、この操作を、無作為に選択した10視野について行い、これらの平均値を算出して、球状気孔の割合(%)とした。なお、各視野は互いに重ならないようにした。なお、接合材層の厚さ方向に垂直な断面における面積が50μm2未満のものは、「気孔」とはみなさなかった。
観察視野(1.0mm2)中の「球状気孔」159個の平均径((最大径+最小径)/2)を算出して、球状気孔の平均径とした。
16個のハニカムセグメントのうちの一のハニカムセグメントをハニカムセグメントAとした。このハニカムセグメントAに隣接する別の一のハニカムセグメントをハニカムセグメントBとした。そして、ハニカムセグメントA、ハニカムセグメントB、及び接合材層13からなる試験片(10mm×15mm×70mm)をハニカム構造体から切り出した。具体的には、10mm×15mm×34.5mmのハニカムセグメントAと、10mm×15mm×34.5mmのハニカムセグメントBと、これらを接合している10mm×15mm×1mmの接合材層13とからなる試験片を切り出した。この試験片の接合材層を、図3に示すように、ハニカムセグメントA側から順に、第1層R1、第2層R2、第3層R3からなる厚さの比が1:2:1である3層に分割した。そして、各層についての気孔率を、それぞれ画像処理することによって算出した。その後、第1層R1と第3層R3との平均の気孔率P1と、第2層R2の気孔率P2とを求めて、P2/P1の値を算出した。本評価を、表2中「P2/P1の値」と示す。
ハニカム構造体から接合材層を切り出して試験片とし、この試験片に対して所定の圧縮荷重(具体的には2MPa)を加え、圧縮荷重前後の変位を計測して「応力−歪線図」を作成した。そして、「応力−歪線図」から算出した。上記試験片は、縦10mm×横10mmとし、試験片の厚さは接合材層の厚さと同じ(1mm)とした。即ち、上記試験片の一方の面は接合材層の一方の面(一のハニカムセグメント側の面)に由来する面である。そして、他方の面は接合材層の他方の面(別の一のハニカムセグメント側の面)に由来する面である。
JIS R 1624の接合曲げ試験に準じた4点曲げ試験で測定した。具体的には、まず、図6に示すように、複数のハニカムセグメントのうちの一のハニカムセグメントをハニカムセグメントXとした。このハニカムセグメントXに隣接する別の一のハニカムセグメントをハニカムセグメントYとした。そして、ハニカムセグメントX、ハニカムセグメントY、及び接合材層13からなる試験片(10mm×15mm×70mm)をハニカム構造体から切り出した。具体的には、10mm×15mm×34.5mmのハニカムセグメントX、10mm×15mm×34.5mmのハニカムセグメントY、及び、これらを接合している10mm×15mm×1mmの接合材層13とからなる試験片を切り出した。次に、図7に示すように、2つの支点16,16間の距離L1が60mm、2つの荷重点18,18間の距離L2が20mmとなるように配置した。次に、荷重点において外力を加えた。以上のようにして試験を行い「曲げ強度」を測定した。本評価を、表2中「曲げ強度」と示す。なお、図6及び図7中、セルの延びる方向に沿った方向を符号Nで示す。
[バーナースポーリング試験(急速加熱試験)]
得られたハニカム構造体について、下記の方法により、急速加熱試験(バーナースポーリング試験)を試験温度900℃、1000℃、1100℃として順次行った。そして、試験後のハニカム構造体のクラックの発生状況を観察した。その結果を表3に示す。
試験温度を800℃として上記急速加熱試験(バーナースポーリング試験)を複数回繰返し行った。具体的には、ハニカム構造体にバーナーで加熱した空気(800℃)を流すことにより中心部分と外側部分との温度差をつくり、その後、室温(約25℃)まで冷却し、再び、バーナーで加熱した空気(800℃)をハニカム構造体に流すという操作を繰返し行った。そして、試験後のハニカム構造体のクラックの発生状況を観察した。評価基準は、以下のようにした。5回未満の繰返し試験でクラックが発生した場合を「D」とした。5回以上、10回未満の繰返し試験でクラックが発生した場合を「C」とした。10回以上、20回未満の繰返し試験でクラックが発生した場合を「B」とした。20回の繰返し試験でもクラックが発生しない場合を「A」とした。その結果を表3に示す。
表1及び表2に示す接合材組成物を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ハニカム構造体(実施例2〜9、比較例1〜4)を作製した。その後、作製したハニカム構造体(実施例2〜9、比較例1〜4)について、それぞれ、実施例1と同様の評価及び試験を行った。その結果を表3に示す。
Claims (6)
- 一方の端面から他方の端面まで延び流体の流路となる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁及び最外周に位置し前記隔壁を取り囲むように配設された外周壁を有するとともに、所定の前記セルの一方の端部と残余の前記セルの他方の端部とに配設された目封止部を有する複数のハニカムセグメントと、
前記複数のハニカムセグメントを、前記ハニカムセグメントの互いの側面同士が対向するように隣接して配置された状態で接合する複数の気孔を有する接合材層と、を備え、
前記接合材層の前記気孔の全数の60%以上が、最大径を最小径で割ったときの値が1.2以下の気孔であるハニカム構造体。 - 前記複数のハニカムセグメントのうちの一のハニカムセグメントをハニカムセグメントA、別の一のハニカムセグメントをハニカムセグメントBとし、前記ハニカムセグメントA及び前記ハニカムセグメントBを接合する接合材層を、前記ハニカムセグメントA側から順に、第1層、第2層、第3層からなる厚さの比が1:2:1である3層に分割した場合に、前記第1層と前記第3層との平均の気孔率P1と、前記第2層の気孔率P2とが、0.9<P2/P1<1.2の関係を満たす請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合材層全体の気孔率が、45〜75%である請求項1または2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合材層の平均気孔径が、20〜50μmである請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合材層が、炭化珪素、コージェライト、アルミナ、ジルコニア、及び、イットリアからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合材層の厚さ方向の圧縮ヤング率が、15〜80MPaであり、曲げ強度が、0.8〜3.0MPaである請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
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