JP6622134B2 - ハニカム構造体及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6622134B2 JP6622134B2 JP2016070562A JP2016070562A JP6622134B2 JP 6622134 B2 JP6622134 B2 JP 6622134B2 JP 2016070562 A JP2016070562 A JP 2016070562A JP 2016070562 A JP2016070562 A JP 2016070562A JP 6622134 B2 JP6622134 B2 JP 6622134B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- honeycomb
- honeycomb structure
- bonding layer
- pores
- end surface
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
- C04B38/085—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances of micro- or nanosize
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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- B01D46/2448—Honeycomb filters characterized by parameters related to the physical properties of the honeycomb structure material of the adhesive layers, i.e. joints between segments
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- C04B37/003—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
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Description
本発明のハニカム構造体の一実施形態は、図1に示すハニカム構造体100である。このハニカム構造体100は、複数個の柱状のハニカムセグメント17と、これら複数個のハニカムセグメント17の側面同士を接合するように配置され、結晶質の異方性セラミックスを含有する多孔質の接合層15と、を備えている。ここで、接合層15の細孔分布において、細孔径10μm以上50μm未満の細孔を微細気孔とし、細孔径50μm以上300μm以下の細孔を粗大気孔とする。このとき、ハニカム構造体100は、粗大気孔の細孔容積(cc/g)に対する微細気孔の細孔容積(cc/g)の比の値が、2.0〜3.5である。更に、ハニカム構造体100は、微細気孔の細孔容積が、0.15〜0.4cc/gであり、粗大気孔の細孔容積が、0.05〜0.25cc/gである。なお、ハニカムセグメントは、流体の流路となる一方の端面である第一端面から他方の端面である第二端面まで延びる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁を有するものである。接合層の細孔分布は、Log微分細孔容積分布のことをいい、この接合層の細孔分布は、水銀ポロシメーターを用いて水銀圧入法によって測定した値を用いることにより作成することができる。
接合層は、熱応力を緩和する役割を果たす観点からヤング率が低いことが好ましい。そして、ヤング率を低くするためには、接合層の気孔率を高くする方策がある。しかし、一方で、気孔率を高くする場合には、破壊靱性の低下を防ぐ必要がある。そこで、本発明における接合層は、結晶質の異方性セラミックスを含有し、微細気孔と粗大気孔とが所定の条件を満たすこととしている。具体的には、この接合層では、気孔全体に対する微細気孔の割合を増やすことで気孔率を高くしてヤング率の低下を実現している。また、所定の条件を満たすように微細気孔と粗大気孔とを形成することで、所定の三次元網目構造を構成させることに加え、この三次元網目構造の骨格部分に結晶質の異方性セラミックス(ファイバー)を配置することで、破壊靱性の維持を図っている。
σ=(W/S)×1000 ・・・(1)
σ:せん断強度(kPa)
W:破壊荷重(N)
S:接合層の面積(mm2)
E=(W/S)×(t/Δt) ・・・(2)
E:圧縮ヤング率(MPa)
W:荷重(N)
S:試料の面積(mm2)
t:試料の厚さ(mm)
Δt:試料の厚さの変化量
ハニカムセグメントは、炭化珪素、珪素−炭化珪素系複合材料、窒化珪素、コージェライト、ムライト、アルミナ、スピネル、炭化珪素−コージェライト系複合材、珪素−炭化珪素複合材、リチウムアルミニウムシリケート、チタン酸アルミニウム、Fe−Cr−Al系金属から構成される群から選択される少なくとも一種を主成分とすることができる。これらの中でも、炭化珪素又は珪素−炭化珪素系複合材料から構成されてなるものが好ましい。なお、「珪素−炭化珪素系複合材料」とは、炭化珪素を骨材とし、珪素を結合材として形成された複合材料である。ここで、本明細書において「主成分」は、全体の中の50質量%を超える成分を意味する。
本発明のハニカム構造体は、以下の方法で製造することができる。即ち、本発明のハニカム構造体は、ハニカムセグメント作製工程と、目封止付きハニカムセグメント作製工程と、接合体作製工程と、外周コート層形成工程とを有する方法により製造できる。ハニカムセグメント作製工程は、ハニカム成形体を焼成してハニカムセグメント(ハニカム焼成体)を作製する工程である。目封止付きハニカムセグメント作製工程は、ハニカムセグメント作製工程で作製したハニカムセグメントの所定のセルに目封止用スラリを充填して、目封止部を備えるハニカムセグメント(目封止付きハニカムセグメント)を作製する工程である。接合体作製工程は、目封止付きハニカムセグメントを、接合材(接合用スラリー)を用いて互いに接合させて、複数個のハニカムセグメントとこれらを接合する接合層とを有する接合体を作製する工程である。外周コート層形成工程は、作製した接合体の外周部を切削加工し、その後、切削加工された接合体の外周に、外周コート材を塗布し、乾燥させて外周コート層を形成する工程である。なお、「ハニカムセグメント」は、流体の流路となる一方の端面である第一端面から他方の端面である第二端面まで延びる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁を有する複数個の柱状のものである。
ハニカムセグメントは、従来公知の方法を用いて作製することができる。より具体的には、炭化珪素と接合材とを含むハニカムセグメントの材質に、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロポキシルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコール等のバインダ、造孔材、界面活性剤、溶媒としての水等を添加して、混練することで可塑性の坏土を調製し、調製した坏土を柱状体に成形し、乾燥する。その後、焼成し、酸化処理を行う方法で作製することができる。
本工程は、ハニカムセグメント作製工程で作製したハニカムセグメントの所定のセルに目封止用スラリーを充填して、目封止部を備えるハニカムセグメント(目封止付きハニカムセグメント)を作製する。
本工程は、目封止付きハニカムセグメントを、接合用スラリーを用いて互いに接合させて接合体を作製する。接合用スラリーは、結晶質の異方性セラミックス、平均粒子径60μm以下の微粒造孔材、及び平均粒子径80μm以上の粗粒造孔材を必須として含むものを用いる。接合体は、複数個のハニカムセグメントと、これらのハニカムセグメントを接合する接合層と、を有するものである。
本工程は、接合体について、その外周部を切削加工して、所望の外周形状とする工程である。切削加工する方法は、特に限定されるものではなく従来公知の方法を用いることができる。
(ハニカムセグメントの作製)
まず、ハニカムセグメント原料として、炭化珪素粉末及び金属珪素粉末を80:20の質量割合で混合し、これに造孔材、バインダ、界面活性剤及び水を加えて、可塑性の坏土を作製した。
次に、接合材の原料粉末を調合した。原料粉末中、15質量%の結晶質の異方性セラミックス(アスペクト比25)、及び、50質量%の炭化珪素粉末を混合し、更に、3.0質量%のアルミナ粉末を加えて、接合材の原料粉末を調合した。結晶質の異方性セラミックスは、ムライト繊維を用いた。残りの質量%は、固形分40%の無機バインダを添加した。配合割合を表1に示す。なお、表1中の「%」は、質量%を示す。
ハニカムセグメントの外壁面に、厚さ1mmとなるように接合材組成物を塗布し、その上に別のハニカムセグメントを載置した。この工程を繰り返して、4個×4個に組み付けられた合計16個のハニカムセグメントからなるハニカムセグメント積層体を作製した。
ハニカム構造体の加熱処理前後における接合層のせん断強度について以下の方法で測定した。ハニカム構造体の加熱処理は、(i)500℃、0.5時間、(ii)600℃、0.5時間、(iii)900℃、5時間の各条件で行った。
σ=(W/S)×1000 ・・・(1)
σ:せん断強度(kPa)
W:破壊荷重(N)
S:接合層の面積(mm2)
ハニカム構造体の加熱処理前後における接合層のヤング率について以下の方法で測定した。ハニカム構造体の加熱処理は、「(1)接合層のせん断強度の測定」と同様の条件とした。
E=(W/S)×(t/Δt) ・・・(2)
E:圧縮ヤング率(MPa)
W:荷重(N)
S:試料の面積(mm2)
t:試料の厚さ(mm)
Δt:試料の厚さの変化量
表1に示すように条件を変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてハニカム構造体を作製した。作製したハニカム構造体について実施例1と同様にして、「接合層のせん断強度」及び「接合層のヤング率」の測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (8)
- 流体の流路となる一方の端面である第一端面から他方の端面である第二端面まで延びる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁を有する複数個の柱状のハニカムセグメントと、
前記複数個のハニカムセグメントの側面同士を接合するように配置され、結晶質の異方性セラミックスを含有する多孔質の接合層と、を備え、
前記接合層の細孔分布において、細孔径10μm以上50μm未満の細孔を微細気孔とし、細孔径50μm以上300μm以下の細孔を粗大気孔としたとき、
前記粗大気孔の細孔容積(cc/g)に対する前記微細気孔の細孔容積(cc/g)の比の値は、2.0〜3.5であり、
前記微細気孔の細孔容積が、0.15〜0.4cc/gであり、前記粗大気孔の細孔容積が、0.05〜0.25cc/gであるハニカム構造体。 - 前記接合層の気孔率が65〜75%である請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記結晶質の異方性セラミックスが、ウォラストナイト、マイカ、タルク、セピオライト、アルミナ繊維、ムライト繊維、炭素繊維、炭化珪素繊維、窒化ホウ素繊維、チタン酸カリウム繊維及び酸化亜鉛繊維から構成される群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1または2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合層は、600℃で30分間加熱した後のヤング率が、100MPa以下であり、且つ、900℃で300分間加熱した後のヤング率が、120MPa以下である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合層は、900℃で300分間加熱した後のせん断強度が、2000kPa以下である請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 坏土からなるハニカム成形体を焼成して、流体の流路となる一方の端面である第一端面から他方の端面である第二端面まで延びる複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁を有するハニカムセグメントを複数個作製するハニカムセグメント作製工程と、
前記ハニカムセグメントの所定のセルの端部に目封止用スラリを充填して、目封止部を備える前記ハニカムセグメントである目封止付きハニカムセグメントを複数個作製する目封止付きハニカムセグメント作製工程と、
複数個の前記目封止付きハニカムセグメントを、接合用スラリーを用いて互いに接合させて接合体を作製する接合体作製工程と、を有し、
前記接合用スラリーとして、アスペクト比が7以上であって、短径が5μm以上で且つ長径が50μm以上である結晶質の異方性セラミックス、平均粒子径60μm以下で接合用スラリーの固形分含量に対して0.1〜10質量%の微粒造孔材、及び平均粒子径80μm以上で接合用スラリーの固形分含量に対して0.1〜10質量%の粗粒造孔材、を含有するものを用いる、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体を製造するハニカム構造体の製造方法。 - 前記粗粒造孔材の平均粒子径に対する前記結晶質の異方性セラミックスの長径の比の値が、0.7〜1.3である請求項6に記載のハニカム構造体の製造方法。
- 前記接合用スラリーの固形分含量における前記結晶質の異方性セラミックスの含有割合が、5〜40質量%である請求項6または7に記載のハニカム構造体の製造方法。
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