JPS6342031B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an umbrella fabric having a new material composition. The present invention aims to solve the problems of conventional sewn products that require water and oil repellency, such as insufficient water and oil repellency, lack of flexibility and stiffness, low tear strength, heavy weight, and air permeability. It had various disadvantages such as poor properties, poor water and oil repellency, and easy wear. A specific example is umbrella land. The object of the present invention is to provide a device that improves these drawbacks depending on the intended use. The inventors of the present invention have finally arrived at the present invention after intensively studying the fundamental drawbacks of these conventional sewn products. The gist of the invention is as described in the claims. This will be explained in more detail. The present inventors thought that the causes of the conventional drawbacks were not only caused by defects in water repellency and oil repellent, defects in weaving and knitting structure, defects in fiber materials, and defects in resin processing methods, and investigated them thoroughly. One of them was the thickness of the fibers. However, a fabric was made using ultrafine fibers according to another invention by the present inventors, and ink and dye liquid were dropped onto it, and the results were compared with fabrics made using conventional denier (1 to 10 d) fabrics. However, with the conventional product, the drip marks did not spread out very much, but with the product using ultra-fine fibers, the marks spread out considerably. Instead of repelling water, it spread out like blotting paper. From this, it is clear that it is completely unsuitable for water repellent applications. The cause of this spread is thought to be the generally-called capillary phenomenon. The present invention has discovered excellent effects despite such negative findings. Fig. 1 shows an example of a fabric made of ultra-fine fibers, and Fig. 2 shows an example of a cross section of a fabric made of normal denier. If it is not treated to make it water repellent, it will exhibit the above phenomenon, but if it is treated with a fluorine-based water and oil repellent, this situation will change completely. In order to make it easier to understand this phenomenon, this situation is shown in FIG. 3 as a model. If you put a large and a small glass tube into normal water, the thin capillary will rise higher and the thicker will rise lower.
On the other hand, if the inner surface of the tube is treated to be water-repellent, it will look different than before, as if the thinner side is repelling water. It is clear from this that even though it uses ultrafine fibers, it exhibits excellent water repellency. Similarly, when an oil repellent is applied, it exhibits excellent oil repellency. When it comes to fabrics, we tend to simply think that the thinner the fibers, the larger the surface area per unit weight, so the water and oil repellency increases in proportion to the surface area, but in reality, it is far more effective than expected. It has a big effect. This is because the resistance to bending of fibers is proportional to the fourth power of their diameter, so ultrafine fibers are extremely bendable, and their aggregates are easily deformed and become almost close-packed. Furthermore, even when subjected to deformation such as bending due to external force, the constituent fibers smoothly move to another tightly packed arrangement, and it is rare that large spaces are created between the fibers. Normally, water leakage occurs through the largest space in a water-repellent fabric, so not only is the average space size small, but the water repellency is much greater than would normally be expected for an ultra-fine fiber with an extremely small space size distribution. It can be understood from these facts that oil repellency is exhibited. A typical example of the fluorine-based water and oil repellent mentioned in the present invention is a fluorine-containing polymer having a perfluoroalkyl group in its side chain, and conventionally known or well-known ones can be widely applied. For example, polymers and copolymers of the following monomers are common. (R ₁ is hydrogen or a methyl group, R ₂ is a methyl group or an ethyl group. n is an integer from 3 to 21) These fluorine-based water repellents are generally commercially available as emulsions, which can be diluted. It is usually given to rare items. The fluorine-based water and oil repellents mentioned above, strangely, even though their water and oil repellent effects become inferior with use,
It appears to be considerably recovered by heat treatment. Even though ultra-fine fibers are used, it is necessary to have a sufficiently dense weave (knit stitch), and preferably 80% or more of each close-packed structure. It is best to weave it as densely as possible. Using ultra-fine fibers brings the following characteristics. (Compared with the same weight) (1) Soft. (2) Even if it wrinkles, it is easy to remove. (3) Not easy to tear. (4) It is easy to thin, so you can make lightweight items. (5) Even without rubberizing or adding resin, it exhibits considerable water and oil repellency, so new evaluation results have shown that it reduces poor breathability, has a long-lasting water repellent effect, and is resistant to wear. There is. However, what is noteworthy is that it exhibits outstanding durability in areas with severe bending. The figures will be explained below while showing specific examples. Fabric example A Warp yarn: Nylon 66 40D-36f (D: total denier) (f: number of filaments) Single yarn denier 40/36=1.111d Weaving density 170 pieces/in Weft yarn: 36 pieces of nylon 66 (96 parts) Polymer mutual array fiber (sea-island type fiber) with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate styrene copolymer as the sea as islands (sea-island type fiber) 60D-
15f Island single yarn denier 60/15 x 1/36 x 96/100 = 0.107d Weaving density 118 threads/in Fabric example B (for comparison) Warp thread: Nylon 66 47D-34f Weaving density 168 threads/in Weft thread: Nylon 66 73D-34f Weaving density 120 threads/in Fabric example C Warp thread: Nylon 66 40D-34f Weaving density 169 threads/in Weft thread: 36 islands made of nylon 6 (96 parts) and the sea is 2-ethylhexyl acrylate styrene. Polymer mutual array fiber with polymer as a sea 60D-15f Weaving density 119 fibers/in Fabric treatment (a) Desizing: NaOH 2.5g/80℃ (b) Washing with hot water: Thoroughly (c) Sea removing component :4 with new trichlorethylene
Wash thoroughly twice. (d) Set: 160-180°C This was evaluated using an accelerator (3000 times/min). (Paper AA-No. 80)

【table】

[Water repellent, oil repellent treatment]

After dyeing A, B and C black with acid dye,
Water and oil repellent treatment was carried out. The water and oil repellent is Asahi Guard AG-710 (Asahi Glass
A 5% water-diluted solution of Emulsion, manufactured by Co., Ltd. (displayed in the catalog with a solid content of 18% minimum) was used. Dip cloth A and C, squeeze lightly with a mangle, 90
℃ for 5 minutes and 150℃ for 3 minutes. A water repellency test was conducted using these fabrics A, B, and C. That is, these fabrics were made into approximately 30 cm squares, wrapped in approximately 500 g of water, and left for 1 hour. As a result, the products A and C of the present invention did not leak water at all, but the comparative product B leaked water drippingly. The product of the present invention still had a tendency to become squishy and loose, and for example, even when viewed as an umbrella fabric, the folds of the umbrella did not line up perfectly and were somewhat difficult to fold. It is resistant to deterioration in water resistance and slight tearing, does not lose its water repellency even after long-term use, and can be folded immediately after use (excellent convenience when putting a folding umbrella in a bag). ). The above was an example of using ultra-fine fibers using only weft yarns, but both warp yarns and both warp and weft yarns are also good, both warp yarns have the best effect, and in terms of ease of weaving, only weft yarns are good. Next, an example of knitted fabric will be explained. Knitting example D 50D-24f high shrinkage yarn of polyethylene terephthalate was used as the yarn for the back fabric, and polyethylene terephthalate was used as the island component for the yarn for the surface fabric.
5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a sea component
Using copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate containing 8.0wt%, the number of islands is 16, and the island/sea ratio is 80/20.
A 62D-18f sea-island polymer mutual array fiber was used. Using the above two types of filament yarns, a tricot satin was knitted using a 32 gauge warp knitting machine. At this time, the lining weave was 1/1 Denby knit, and the outer weave was 1/3 cord knit. This knitted fabric was shrink-treated in hot water at 95℃, and then
Dry heat treatment was performed at 160°C for 3 minutes to cause shrinkage. The shrinkage rate at this time is 12.5% in the vertical direction and 22.5% in the horizontal direction.
%, and the area shrinkage rate was 32.2%. Next, this knitted fabric was treated with caustic soda (NaOH).
The yarn was immersed and stirred for 20 minutes in a 95-98℃ aqueous solution containing 15 g/g of yarn for 20 minutes to dissolve and remove the copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate containing 8.0 wt% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate, which is the sea component of the thread for the surface texture, and to perform ultrafine treatment. I went. Next, water and oil repellent treatments were carried out. A treatment solution was prepared using Asahi Guard AG-710 and Asahi Guard AG-740 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) as water and oil repellents at the following concentrations. Asahi Guard AG-710 30g/Asahi Guard AG-740 120g/Total 150g/The ultrafine knitted fabric was immersed in this treatment solution, and then nipped with a rubber mangle at a pressure of 2 kg/cm ² . Then, after drying at 90°C, a drying treatment at 180°C was performed for 30 seconds. We created an umbrella using a knitted fabric that was treated to be water and oil repellent. This umbrella was super water-repellent, and the bends at the folds were made of ultra-fine thread, making it extremely durable. Knitting example E As the outer thread, island component nylon 6, sea component polystyrene, number of islands 16, island/sea ratio 75 with 85/15
Using 18-denier filament yarn and 40-denier polyurethane elastic yarn as the lining yarn, a 34-inch, 28-gauge circular knitting machine was used to knit a jersey cross-knitted product. After setting this product in a pin tenter dryer at 160/170℃,
It was washed twice to dissolve and remove the sea components of the yarn for the outer fabric, and the yarn for the outer fabric was subjected to ultra-fine treatment. This knitted fabric has dense stitches that are stretchable both vertically and horizontally. Next, it was dyed beige using an acid dye. The knitted fabric dried after dyeing was treated with the water and oil repellent described below to obtain a super water-repellent knitted fabric. Asahi Guard AG-710 30g/Asahi Guard AG-740 120g/Total 150g/A water and oil repellent made by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. was used in both cases.
For water and oil repellency treatment, the material was immersed in the above treatment solution, then squeezed with a rubber mangle at a pressure of 2 kg/cm ² , dried in a dryer at 90°C, and then subjected to a setting treatment at 180°C dry heat for 30 seconds. . This knitted fabric has tight stitches and is stretchable, and when used as umbrella fabric, it has a very good water repellent effect, and because it uses ultra-fine yarn, it has excellent durability at the folds of the umbrella. It was hot. Comparative Example of Knitted Fabric When the knitted fabric used in Knitted Fabric Example E was used as an umbrella fabric without water-repellent or oil-repellent treatment, it did not have any water-repellent effect, which is the most important effect for umbrella fabric, and on the contrary, ultra-fine yarn was used. Therefore, it absorbs water well due to capillary action,
It was found that it was unsuitable for use as umbrella ground. Although it does not depend on how the ultrafine fibers are made, fully drawn ultrafine yarns derived from composite fibers are most preferred. Denier is less than 0.3, especially 0.15
Denier to 0.001 denier is particularly preferred.
The strength is preferably 5 g/d or more, particularly 6 to 9 g/d.
d is good. Materials include various polyamides, polyesters, polyolefins, polyacrylics, polyvinyl compounds, polyurethanes, and polyfuso compounds. Examples of fibers derived from composite fibers include exfoliation type fibers and island sea type fibers. When it is an island-sea type, it is particularly preferable to have an island remaining ratio of 90% or more. This is because even the same woven or knitted material can be made with even greater density. If the fabric is made of a woven or knitted fabric with a tight weave, resin for closing the stitches is unnecessary or can be reduced, which is advantageous in terms of durability and cost.
In the present invention, the water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment liquid permeates the entire surface well, which not only makes it uniform and good, but also facilitates processing. It is preferable to finish dyeing before applying water and oil repellent treatment. When polyester is dyed with disperse dyes, the fastness deteriorates during the dry heat setting of water and oil repellents, so instead of drying at 150°C all at once, for example, dry thoroughly at a low temperature of 90°C. After that, it is preferable to perform heat treatment. One of the secrets in this case is to perform it in two or more stages. As the water and oil repellent, a fluorine-based water repellent is particularly preferable. Fabrics using ultra-fine fibers have high water retention properties (before water repellency), so when applying water repellent treatment, even if treated at high concentrations, it will penetrate sufficiently and the water and oil repellent agent will be applied over the entire extremely large surface area of the fibers. Can be distributed. Furthermore, since the surface of the fabric made of ultrafine fibers is relatively flat, it gives particularly favorable results in imparting water and oil repellency. Among these, it is most preferable to subject the fabric to (thermal) press treatment or calender treatment to smooth the surface or crush it to increase the density within the tissue. Furthermore, since woven or knitted fabrics using ultra-fine fibers are thin, it can be said that they have the characteristic of being extremely adaptable.
In order to maintain this pressed state, it is also preferable to impregnate or coat with a resin (polyurethane, rubber, vinyl resin, etc.). This method is used when you want to increase water pressure resistance. Next, a specific form will be explained using figures. Each effect is an improvement on something that was particularly poor in the past. Figure 4 shows an example of an umbrella. The structure of the present invention is light, soft, easy to fold, convenient to carry, drains water quickly, is resistant to oil stains, and has excellent bending and abrasion resistance. Note that the sewn product referred to in the present invention is not limited to those simply sewn with a needle, but has a broad meaning that includes adhesive sewn products. This is because it is natural that the effects of the present invention can be exhibited also in adhesively sewn products.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows an example of a cross section of a fabric using ultra-fine fibers.
Figure 2 shows an example of a cross section of a conventional denier fabric.
FIG. 3 is a model diagram for explaining the special effect of water-repellent and oil-repellent treatment of a fabric using ultra-fine fibers using capillary phenomena, and FIG. 4 is an example of an umbrella.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Umbrella fabric having at least a portion of a sufficiently dense woven or knitted fabric using ultrafine fibers of 0.3 denier or less, the surface of the ultrafine fibers being surface-treated with a fluorine-based water and oil repellent treatment agent. A water- and oil-repellent umbrella fabric made from ultra-fine fiber fabric.