JPS6266848A - 外科手術用具 - Google Patents

外科手術用具

Info

Publication number
JPS6266848A
JPS6266848A JP60206681A JP20668185A JPS6266848A JP S6266848 A JPS6266848 A JP S6266848A JP 60206681 A JP60206681 A JP 60206681A JP 20668185 A JP20668185 A JP 20668185A JP S6266848 A JPS6266848 A JP S6266848A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic
ultrasonic vibration
cutting
working part
surgical tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP60206681A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
出本　守人
野口　康夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
Priority to JP60206681A priority Critical patent/JPS6266848A/ja
Priority to EP86904378A priority patent/EP0238667B1/en
Priority to US07/060,394 priority patent/US4832683A/en
Priority to DE8686904378T priority patent/DE3687833T2/de
Priority to AU61342/86A priority patent/AU574276B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP1986/000361 priority patent/WO1987001575A1/ja
Priority to CA000518622A priority patent/CA1264634A/en
Publication of JPS6266848A publication Critical patent/JPS6266848A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/32007—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic with suction or vacuum means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/320068—Surgical cutting instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
    • A61B2017/320072—Working tips with special features, e.g. extending parts
    • A61B2017/320078—Tissue manipulating surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
    • A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
    • A61B2217/005—Auxiliary appliance with suction drainage system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
    • A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
    • A61B2217/007—Auxiliary appliance with irrigation system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A61M1/77—Suction-irrigation systems
    • A61M1/772—Suction-irrigation systems operating alternately

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、超音波振動により、生物組織を切断分離する
ための外科手術用具に関するものである。
〔従来技術〕
従来、神経外科や形成外科における骨切り術等では、生
物組織、特に硬骨組織、軟骨組織及び骨膜等の切断分離
には、Ｋｅｒｒｉｓｏｎ鉗子、歯槽骨鉗子、ドリル、メ
ス、ガウジュ（円のみ）等が用いられているが、切断分
離作業の効率が悪く長時間を要し、手術者に多大の労力
がかかり、且つ切断分離に高置の技術を必要とするとい
う欠点があった。
次に、電動、気動式モーターを駆ｒＪｈ源とする切断工
具が、特に、硬骨の切断等に使用されてシシ、これはモ
ーターの回転運動をカム等によって直線運動に変換し、
先端に金属製ののこぎシ刃を有した切断具を振動させて
いる。切断具の振幅は０．５’１５ｍ程度で、周波数は
１〜５ＫＨ２程度であり切′門１速支は振幅の大きさに
影響される。しかし、この切断工具は０．５〜５ｍｍ程
度の振幅で振動している７ため、切断中神経組織に切断
具が接触した場合、−神経組織を損傷する恐れがあった
。
また、超音波を利用した外科手術用具も多数開発されて
おり、超音波振動源に接続された作業部を超音波振動さ
せ、接触した血管等の弾力性のある組織以外の軟質生物
組織を破砕し吸引除去する為の外科手術用具（例えば、
特公昭４７−８９１９７号公報）や、硬質及び軟質の生
物組織の切断分離用として開発された、超音波振動源に
接続され切断歯を南した金属板製の作業部を有する外科
手術用具（例えば、特公昭５１−４６９９０号公報）な
どが知られている。
しかし、超音波振動を利用して生物組織を破砕し吸引除
去する外科手術用具は、特に硬い生物組織、骨などの切
断分離に使用するのは難しく、また、超音波振動源に接
続され金祝板製の作業部を有した外科手術用具は、骨な
どの硬い組織を繰返し切断する過程で、切断歯部の摩耗
変形等により、ア断速度が低下する恐れがあり、また生
物組織と′接触する切断歯部が金属板であるため、１Ｌ
気的な単一故障状態で神経組織に対して電気ショックが
与えられる等の危険がある。
〔発明の目的〕
本発明は、従来の外科手術用具のこのような問題点を解
決するため、超音波振動による切断分離の作業効率を向
上させ、従来の！動、気動式のこぎりでは骨等の切断中
に神経組織全損傷する恐れがあったのを防止し、また、
そのような目的に使用される超音波を利用した外科手術
用具の金！Ｉｉ板製の切断歯の摩耗変形を防止すると共
に、電気的な単一故障状態で神経組織に電気的ショック
が加わるのを防止し得るような、生物組織、特に骨等の
硬い組織を切断分離するための外科手術用具を提供する
ことを目的としたものである。
〔発明の構成〕
即ち本発明は、超音波振動によシ生物組織を切断分離す
るための外科手術用具において、超音波振動源に接続さ
れ超音波周波数の機械的振動を行う超音波振動伝達具が
、生物組織と接触する刃る外科手術用具である。
以下、図面等を参照して本発明の詳細な説明するＯ 第１図は、本発明の一実施例となる外科手術用具を使用
する装置の構成を示す図である。超音波発振回路（１）
よりケーブル（２）を通って、超音波振動源（３）に超
音波電流が送られ、超音波振動＠　（３）は超音波周波
数の機械的振動を発生させる。超音波振動源（３）とし
ては磁歪型及び電歪型のいずれも使用することができ、
超音波振動源（３）で発生した超音波周波数の機械的振
動は超音波振動伝達具（４）に伝播され、そして、更に
超音波振動伝達具（４）の接合部（５）で拡大されて、
超音波振動伝達具（４）の先端部（６）Ｋ接続されてい
る連結具（７）を通じて超音波周波数の機械的振動を作
業部（８）に伝播される。作業部（８）の刃形状部（１
０）は、生物組織と直接接触し、超音波周波数の機械的
温動によって生物ｍ！＆を切断分離する。また、作業部
（８）の超音波周波数の機械的振動方向は、作業の状況
によって、例えば接合部（５）の軸に対して縦方向、横
方向等が選択でき、洲に限定されるものではない。
超音波振動伝達具（４）、連結具（７）及び表層部がセ
ラミックより成る作業部（８）の芯材の材質は、超音波
周波数の機械的振動を伝達できるものであれば特に限定
はされないが、引張強度や疲労強度の大きいチタン合金
が好ましい。まだ、作業部（８）はその全部または生物
組織と直接接触する表層部が、骨等の硬い生物組織を切
断分離する際の刃形状部（１０）の摩耗変形を防止し得
るような硬度と耐皐粍性を有し、更に、外科手術装置の
電気的な単一故障状態で神経組織等に電気的なショック
が加わるのを防止し得る１０　　Ω鋼以上の電気抵抗を
有する無機材料で構成されている。そのような無機材料
としては、Ａｌ２Ｏ３糸、ｋｔ２０３　　ＺｒＯ２系、
Ｓｉ３Ｎ４系叫のセラミックが使用できるが、これらに
限定されるものではない。表層部がセラミックより成る
作業部を用いる場合、セラミック層の厚みは１μｍ〜１
．５　ｔｒｔｎ　、好ましくは３μｍ〜１０間とするの
がよく、１．０ｍ未満では耐摩耗性が不十分であり、ま
た１５賦以上ではセラミック層が剥離ちるいは砕損し７
易くなり好ましくない。
第２Ｎ６）は、超音波振動伝達具（４）の接合部（５）
が、超音波振動源（３）の機械的撮動方向と角度を有し
た超音波振動伝達具（４）を示す図であり、接合部（５
）の機械的振動方向は、接合部（５）の軸と同じ方向で
ある。第２図（ａ）の超音波振動伝達Ｊｔ−（４）に比
較して、わん曲した形状を有しているが、これにより例
えば、口腔奥部の骨の切削におけるも）・に、奥まった
部位、狭い部位等での施術に好適に使用することができ
る。超音波振動伝達具（４）の形状、接合部（５）が超
音波振動源（３）のゆ械的振動方向に対して有する角度
等Ｖｉ特に限定されるものではないが、超音波振動の伝
達には角度は０〜３０°くらいとするのが好適である。
また、作業部（８）の刃形状部（１０）は、超音波周波
数の機械的振動方向と角度を持った刃部を有する形状、
第１図および第２図のように角度を持った刃部と平行な
刃部を併せ持った形状、第５図のようなナイフ形状の他
、第３図（ｃ）に示したように先福に突起状の部分をθ
けた形状、もしくは第３図（ｄ）のように刃形状部をの
こぎり形状としたものでもよく、形状および配置は特に
限定されるものではなく、手術の部位や目的に応じて選
択することも二できる。
第４図は、超音波振動伝達具（４）および連結共（７）
と作業部（８）との接続方法を示す一実施例であり、超
音波振動伝達具（４）の先端部（６）にネジ部（１１）
およびテーノＳ一部（１２）を設け、連結共（力をネジ
部（１１）により超音波振動伝達具（４）に固定する。
第５図は、連結共（７）と作業部（８）との組付けを示
す図で、作業部（８）は連結具（７）の作業部固定溝（
１４）へ矢印方向（１３）に挿入し、連結具（７）で超
音波振動伝達具（４）の先福部（６）に工具掛は部（１
６）を用いてネジ込み、テーノ！一部（１２）と割溝（
１５）の作用により作業部（８）は連結共（７）に固定
さ扛る。割溝（１５）のｖ１形状等については、特に限
匣さ扛るもので、・よない。
〔発明の効果〕
本発明に従うと、生物組織、特に骨の切断、カルシウム
塊等の付着物分離等の作業を、従来の外科手術用具によ
る切断分離に比べて、技術の熟練を必要とせず、且つ迅
速に行うことができ、捷た、神経組織等の弾力性のある
軟組織に対する作業部の接触による損傷を防止でき、作
業部が電気絶縁物である無機材料であるため神経組織に
対し七電気的なショックが加わるのを防ぐことができ、
且つ刃形状部の耐摩耗性が金属材料よりも優れているた
め作業部の耐久性が増し、生物組織、特に骨等の硬い組
織を切断分離するだめの外科手術用具として好適である
。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は、本発明の一実施例となる外科手術用具を使用
する装置の構成を示す図である。第２図は、本発明の一
実施例となる外科手術用具を示す概略図で、（ａ）は超
音波振動源の機械的振動方向に対して接合部が平行な超
音波振動伝達具、（ｂ）は接合部が角度を有する超音波
振動伝達具である。 第３図は、作業部の形状の一実施例を示す図である。第
４図は、超音波振動伝達具の先７＋Ｗに分ける接続方法
を示す拡大断面図で、第５図は、連結具に作業部と取付
ける方法を示す図である。

Claims (3)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. （１）超音波振動により生物組織を切断分離するための
    外科手術用具において、超音波振動源に接続され超音波
    周波数の機械的振動を行う超音波振動伝達具が、生物組
    織と接触する刃形状部を有する作業部を有し、該作業部
    の全部または表層部がセラミックより成ることを特徴と
    する外科手術用具。
  2. （２）超音波振動伝達具が、超音波振動源の機械的振動
    方向と角度をもった、もしくは平行な接合部と、生物組
    織に接触する作業部とから構成されることを特徴とする
    、特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の外科手術用具。
  3. （３）超音波振動伝達具末端の作業部が、超音波周波数
    の機械的振動方向と角度をもった刃形状部及び、もしく
    は平行な刃形状部を有することを特徴とする、特許請求
    の範囲第（１）項記載の外科手術用具。
JP60206681A 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 外科手術用具 Pending JPS6266848A (ja)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60206681A JPS6266848A (ja) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 外科手術用具
EP86904378A EP0238667B1 (en) 1985-09-20 1986-07-15 Ultrasonic instrument for surgical operations
US07/060,394 US4832683A (en) 1985-09-20 1986-07-15 Surgical instrument
DE8686904378T DE3687833T2 (de) 1985-09-20 1986-07-15 Chirurgisches ultraschall-instrument.
AU61342/86A AU574276B2 (en) 1985-09-20 1986-07-15 Ultrasonic surgical cutter
PCT/JP1986/000361 WO1987001575A1 (en) 1985-09-20 1986-07-15 Ultrasonic instrument for surgical operations
CA000518622A CA1264634A (en) 1985-09-20 1986-09-19 Surgical instrument

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60206681A JPS6266848A (ja) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 外科手術用具

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6266848A true JPS6266848A (ja) 1987-03-26

Family

ID=16527348

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60206681A Pending JPS6266848A (ja) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 外科手術用具

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4832683A (ja)
EP (1) EP0238667B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS6266848A (ja)
AU (1) AU574276B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA1264634A (ja)
DE (1) DE3687833T2 (ja)
WO (1) WO1987001575A1 (ja)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01232948A (ja) * 1988-03-14 1989-09-18 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 外科用切除鉗子
JPH01232947A (ja) * 1988-03-14 1989-09-18 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 超音波治療装置

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US5019083A (en) * 1989-01-31 1991-05-28 Advanced Osseous Technologies, Inc. Implanting and removal of orthopedic prostheses
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US5318570A (en) * 1989-01-31 1994-06-07 Advanced Osseous Technologies, Inc. Ultrasonic tool
US5045054A (en) * 1990-02-06 1991-09-03 Advanced Osseous Technologies Inc. Apparatus for implantation and extraction of osteal prostheses
GB8906898D0 (en) * 1989-03-28 1989-05-10 Young Michael J R Tool for removal of plastics material
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AU630294B2 (en) * 1990-05-11 1992-10-22 Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited Surgical ultrasonic horn
EP0482195B1 (en) * 1990-05-17 1996-01-10 Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited Surgical instrument
US6990982B1 (en) 1990-06-28 2006-01-31 Bonutti Ip, Llc Method for harvesting and processing cells from tissue fragments
US5269785A (en) * 1990-06-28 1993-12-14 Bonutti Peter M Apparatus and method for tissue removal
JPH04150847A (ja) * 1990-10-12 1992-05-25 Katsuya Takasu わきが手術装置およびその手術用チップ
CA2052844A1 (en) * 1990-10-26 1992-04-27 Charles E. Beuchat Method and apparatus for selectively removing body tissue
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AU6134286A (en) 1987-04-07
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AU574276B2 (en) 1988-06-30
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US4832683A (en) 1989-05-23
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