JPS62276373A - Intermittent operation type heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 3. Detailed Description of the Invention Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an intermittent operation type heat pump device driven by factory waste heat or the like.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general, zeolites or metal hydrides are used as working substances for intermittent heat pumps, and the working gas that reacts with these working substances is water for the former and hydrogen for the latter. Here, a conventional example of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride will be explained.

Metal hydrides, such as TiMn alloys, can be heated at a certain temperature.
Under certain pressure conditions, it absorbs hydrogen gas and performs an exothermic reaction, and under different temperature and pressure conditions, it releases hydrogen gas and performs an endothermic reaction. Utilizing the above-mentioned properties of metal hydrides, the reaction heat generated when metal hydrides react with hydrogen is extracted to the outside by heat exchange with an appropriate heating medium, and can be used for heating and hot water supply when hot heat is generated, and used for heating and hot water supply when cold heat is generated. can be used for cooling. Using three types of alloys with different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures, a first cycle is formed by combining a high temperature alloy and a low temperature alloy, and a second cycle is formed by combining a medium temperature alloy and a low temperature alloy. Figure 2 shows an example of a conventional configuration of a dual-effect intermittent heat pump device in which the first cycle is heated and driven by high-temperature gas, and the second cycle is driven by waste heat from the first cycle. show.

High temperature alloy (hereinafter referred to as MH) 1 and low temperature alloy (M
H3) 2 is filled in metal hydride containers 3 and 4 as shown in FIG. 2, and in particular, metal hydride container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are connected to each other by a hydrogen conduit 5.
form a cycle of A pulp 6 is provided in the middle of the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3 divided into a plurality of parts is installed in the high temperature gas passage γ and is heated by the high temperature gas 8. Further, inside each of the divided containers 3, there is provided a heat medium circulation channel 9 for exchanging the sensible heat of MH and the reaction heat when storing hydrogen and taking it out to the outside. The heat medium circulation flow path 9 is a single pipe in the part where the container 3 is circulated, but is branched into a plurality of pipes depending on the number of divisions of the container 3, and the flow path 9 in the branched part is a single pipe in other parts. The tube diameter and length of the tube are uniform.

On the other hand, the second cycle is composed of a medium-temperature alloy (MH2) and a low-temperature alloy MH3' (the alloy composition is the same, but it is referred to as MW,' to distinguish it from the MW of the first cycle). . MH2 and MHs' are filled in metal hydride storage containers 12 and 13, respectively, and these containers are communicated by a hydrogen conduit 14, with a hydrogen pulp 15 provided in the middle of the conduit 14.

A heat medium circulation channel 9 is provided inside the metal hydride storage container 12.
MH2 is heated by the sensible heat of the MH of the first cycle carried by the heating medium and the reaction heat during hydrogen absorption, thereby raising the temperature of MH2 and the container 12 and releasing hydrogen. Note that a pump 1 is installed in the heat medium circulation channel 9.
6 and a valve 17 are provided.

Metal hydride storage containers 4 and 13 contain metal hydride M.
Water flow path 1 for extracting the reaction heat when H5 and MH5' react with hydrogen to the outside to obtain hot output and cold output
8 and 19 are provided inside.

Now, consider the case where hydrogen is transferred from M)I to MH5 in the first system. Before hydrogen transfer starts, kH,
is in a state where it has a larger amount of hydrogen storage than MH3.

MH, is heated to a high temperature by the high temperature gas 8, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes higher than that of one MH5, and by opening the valve 6, hydrogen moves from MH, to MH3.

At this time, since MH5 absorbs hydrogen, an exothermic reaction occurs and the generated heat is taken out to the outside by water flowing through the water flow path 16. Here, the metal hydride storage container 3 is filled with high-temperature gas 8
When heated by , the temperature of Mu in the front row closest to the high temperature gas 8 is the highest, and the temperature of the high temperature gas 8 decreases due to heat exchange with Ml ( , according to the flow direction of the high temperature gas 8, and the temperature The flow rate of high-temperature gas decreases due to the decrease in MH, and the gas-side heat transfer coefficient decreases, and the temperature of MH, decreases toward the rear row.Note that while MH, is heated by high-temperature gas 8, the pump 16 has stopped,
Valve 17 is closed.

When the reaction of transferring hydrogen from MH, to MHs is completed, the pulp 6 is closed, the valve 1 is opened, and the heat medium is sent to the metal hydride storage container 3 by the pump 16, and the MH,
The sensible heat is exchanged with the heat medium.

As a result, the temperature of MH decreases, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure decreases, and when pulp 6 is opened, hydrogen moves from MH3 to MH. At this time, MH5 releases hydrogen, resulting in an endothermic reaction, and cold heat can be extracted to the outside through the water flow path 18. On the other hand, the sensible heat of MH, and Ml (.

The heat of reaction when hydrogen is occluded is carried by the heating medium to MH2 in the second cycle and is consumed as heat of reaction when the temperature of MH2 and the container 12 increases, and when hydrogen is released from MH2 to MH3'. In the metal hydride storage container 3, the flow of the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 9 is in a two-phase state where liquid and gas are mixed, and the heat medium does not boil in the heat medium flow path 9 where the temperature of MH is high. The promoted gas phase portion is large, and the gas phase portion is small in areas where the temperature of the MH is low. In general, in two-phase flow, if the pipe shape (e.g. pipe diameter, pipe length) is the same, the flow resistance increases as the gas phase increases for the same weight flow rate. . Therefore, the flow resistance in the container 3 portion where the temperature of MH is high becomes large, and the flow resistance in the container 3 where the temperature of MHl is low becomes small. Divided metal hydride storage container 3
On the other hand, since the heat medium circulation flow path 9 is branched in parallel, more heat medium circulates to the heat medium circulation flow path 9 in the lower temperature part than in the high temperature part of Ml. . Once unevenness occurs in the circulation of the medium, the temperature of the low-temperature portion of the MH further decreases, while the temperature of the high-temperature portion of the MH does not decrease, and the temperature difference continues to widen. As a result, the sensible heat in the high temperature part of Ml is not transferred to MH2, and the temperature of MH does not fall, so
It becomes impossible to store hydrogen from H5, and the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH2 and MH5 decreases. Therefore, the heat and cold output that can be taken out to the outside is reduced.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, when a plurality of divided working substance containers are heated by high temperature gas and the working gas is released, a temperature distribution occurs between the working substance containers. When attempting to lower the temperature of the working substance and the working substance storage container by circulating the heating medium through the working substance storage container that has a temperature distribution after the release of the working gas is completed, the temperature distribution may occur in multiple heating medium flow paths. This results in a difference in flow resistance between the two, resulting in uneven heating medium circulation flow rates, failure to lower the temperature of the high-temperature container containing the working material, and a reduction in the amount of working gas transferred, resulting in a reduction in heating or cooling output. Ta.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, as described above, communicates a plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas with each other and allows the working gas to move between them, so that when the working substance reacts with the working gas, In an intermittent-operating heat pump device that uses reaction heat for heating and hot water supply (or cooling), at least one of the working substance storage containers is provided with a plurality of heat medium circulation channels having different pipe diameters.

Effect of the Invention With the above-described configuration, the present invention can uniformly lower the temperature of the working material storage container, which is divided into a plurality of parts and has a temperature distribution caused by heating with high-temperature gas, thereby increasing the amount of working gas movement and reducing the heating and cooling output. Improvements can be made.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention.

High temperature alloy (hereinafter referred to as MH) 1 and low temperature alloy (M
Hs) 2 is filled in metal hydride containers 3 and 4 as shown in FIG. 1, and in particular, metal hydride container 3 is divided into a plurality of tubular containers. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are communicated by a hydrogen conduit 5,
Forming the first cycle. A pulp 6 is provided in the middle of the conduit 5. The metal hydride storage container 3 divided into a plurality of parts is installed in the high temperature gas passage T and is heated by the high temperature gas 8. Inside each of the divided containers 3, a heat medium circulation passage 9 is provided for exchanging the sensible heat of MH and the reaction heat when storing hydrogen and taking it out to the outside. The heat medium circulation flow path 9 is a single pipe in the part where the container 3 is circulated, but is branched into a plurality of pipes depending on the number of divisions of the container 3, and the flow path 9 in the branched part is a single pipe in other parts. Although the length is uniform, the pipe diameters are different, and the flow path 9 inside the metal hydride container 3 in the front row closest to the high temperature gas 8 is the largest, and the pipe diameter changes according to the flow direction of the high temperature gas 8. becomes smaller.

On the other hand, the second cycle is composed of a medium-temperature alloy (MH2) and a low-temperature alloy MH5' (the alloy composition is the same, but it is called MH3' to distinguish it from MH3 of the first cycle). MH2 and MH5' are filled in metal hydride storage containers 12 and 13, respectively, and these containers are communicated by a hydrogen conduit 14, with a hydrogen pulp 16 provided in the middle of the conduit 14.

A heat medium circulation flow path 9 is provided inside the metal hydride storage container 12, and MH2 is generated by the sensible heat of the first cycle MH carried by the heat medium and the reaction heat during hydrogen storage.
is heated, the temperature of MH2 and the storage container 12 is increased, and hydrogen is released. Note that a pump 16 and a pulp 17 are provided in the heat medium circulation channel 9.

Metal hydride storage containers 4 and 13 contain metal hydride M.
Water flow path 1 for extracting the reaction heat when H and MH5' react with hydrogen to the outside to obtain hot output and cold output
8 and 19 are provided inside.

Now, consider the case where hydrogen is transferred from MH, to MH5 in the first system. Before the start of hydrogen transfer, MHL is in a state where it has a larger amount of hydrogen storage than MH3.

MH, is heated to a high temperature by the high temperature gas 8, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes higher than that of MH3, and by opening the pulp 6, hydrogen moves from Ml(, to MH5).

At this time, since MH3 absorbs hydrogen, an exothermic reaction occurs and the generated heat is taken out to the outside by water flowing through the water flow path 16. Here, the metal hydride storage container 3 is filled with high-temperature gas 8
When the lily is heated, the temperature of the MH in the front row closest to the high-temperature gas 8 is the highest, and the temperature of the high-temperature gas 8 decreases due to heat exchange with the MH, according to the flow direction of the high-temperature gas 8. The flow rate of high-temperature gas decreases due to the decrease in MH, and the temperature of the MH decreases as one goes to the rear row, coupled with a decrease in the gas-side heat transfer coefficient. Note that while the MH is being heated by the high temperature gas 8, the pump 16 is stopped and the valve 1A is closed.

When the reaction of transferring hydrogen from MHL to MH5 is completed, the pulp 6 is closed, the pulp 17 is opened, and the heat medium is sent to the metal hydride container 3 by the pump 16, and the MH,
The sensible heat is exchanged with the heat medium.

As a result, the temperature of MHI decreases, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure decreases, and when pulp 6 is opened, hydrogen moves from MH5 to MHj. At this time, MK undergoes an endothermic reaction to release hydrogen, and cold heat can be extracted to the outside through the water flow path 18. On the other hand, the sensible heat of MH, and MH.

The heat of reaction when hydrogen is occluded is carried by the heating medium to MH2 in the second cycle and is consumed as heat of reaction when the temperature of MH2 and the container 12 increases, and when hydrogen is released from MH2 to MH3'. In the metal hydride storage container 3, the flow of the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 9 is in a two-phase state in which liquid and gas are mixed, and the flow of the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 9 in the portion where the temperature of MH is high is caused by boiling of the heat medium. Since this is promoted, the gas phase portion is large, and the gas phase portion is small in areas where the temperature of MH is low. Generally, in two-phase flow, if the shape of the pipe (for example, pipe diameter, pipe length) is the same, the flow resistance increases as the gas phase increases for the same weight flow rate.

However, as shown in FIG. 1, the pipe diameter of the passage 9 in the part where the temperature of MHl is high is large, and the pipe diameter of the passage 9 in the part where the temperature of MHj is low is small, and the temperature and the pipe diameter of the passage 9 are small. Since the pipe diameters are configured to be proportional, the flow resistance in the high temperature part of the MH can be lowered to the same level or lower than that in the low temperature part of the pond. Therefore, a large flow of heat medium is flowed into the container 3 with a high temperature of MH, to greatly lower the temperature, and a small flow of heat medium is flowed into the container 3 with a low temperature of MW, to lower the temperature. Hold it down, finally MHL
temperature can be made uniform at a low temperature. As a result, the sensible heat of MH and the metal hydride storage container 3 can be sufficiently transferred to MH2 by the heat medium, and since MHl becomes uniformly low in temperature, the amount of hydrogen transferred from MH3 increases and the amount of hydrogen transferred to MH5 increases. Cooling output increases. Furthermore, since the amount of hydrogen absorbed by MH increases, the heat of reaction increases, and the heat of reaction is transferred to MH2 in the second cycle by the heating medium.
The amount of hydrogen transferred from MW3' to MH3 increases, and the thermal output at MW3' increases.

Although the embodiments have been described above regarding an intermittent operation type heat pump device using a metal hydride, the same can be applied to other operating materials such as zeolite.

Effects of the Invention As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to increase the heating and cooling output.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle of an intermittent operation type heat pump device using metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of an intermittent operation type heat pump device of a conventional example. 1.2, 10.11...Metal hydride, 3.4
゜12.13・・・Metal hydride storage container, 5゜1
4...Hydrogen pipe, 8...High temperature gas, 9
...Heat medium circulation channel. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person 2nd
figure

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of containers containing a working substance or a working gas that reacts with the working substance are communicated with each other so that the working gas moves between them, and the reaction heat when the working substance reacts with the working gas is used for heating and hot water supply. 1. An intermittent-operating heat pump device for use in cooling or air conditioning, characterized in that at least one working substance storage container is provided with a plurality of heat medium circulation channels having different pipe diameters. (2) The pipe diameter of the heat medium circulation passage is related to the temperature of the working substance near the passage, and the diameter of the passage pipe in the part where the temperature of the working substance is high is the part of the passage pipe where the temperature of the working substance is low. The intermittent operation type heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter is larger than the diameter of the heat pump device.