JPS61285356A - Metallic hydride utilizing air-conditioning hot-water supplydevice - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention particularly relates to an air-conditioning, heating, and water-heating system using a metal hydride that is driven by factory waste heat or the like.

Conventional technology Metal hydrides, represented by TiMn alloys, absorb hydrogen gas and undergo an exothermic reaction under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and release hydrogen gas under other temperature and pressure conditions. to perform an endothermic reaction. Utilizing the above-mentioned properties of metal hydrides, the reaction heat when metal hydrides react with hydrogen is extracted to the outside by heat exchange with an appropriate heating medium, and when hot heat is generated, it is used for heating and hot water supply, and cold heat is generated. Sometimes it can be used for cooling purposes. An example of a conventional configuration of such a heating and cooling device is shown in FIGS.

Metal hydride 1 (hereinafter referred to as MHI) and metal hydride 2 (MH2) with two different hydrogen equilibrium pressures
As shown in the figure, the metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are filled with hydrogen.
◇The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are provided with heating medium channels 7 and 8, respectively, so that the heat of reaction when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen is transferred to the heating medium through heat exchange. configured to communicate. Further, the metal hydride container 3 is heated to a higher temperature than the waste heat source 10. The waste heat source 1o corresponds to high-temperature waste gas discharged from factories or the like, or combustion gas.

Now, consider the case where hydrogen is transferred from MHI to MB2. Since the waste heat source 10, MH1 is heated to a high temperature and the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is higher than that of one MB2, hydrogen moves from MHI to MB2 by opening the pulp 9.At this time, MB2 absorbs hydrogen. This causes an exothermic reaction, and the generated heat is extracted to the outside by a heat medium.

Here, when the metal hydride storage container 1 is heated by the waste heat source 1o, as shown in FIG. Since it forms a layer with poor thermal conductivity, the temperature of MHI is the highest in the vicinity of the waste heat source 1o, and the temperature of MIll becomes lower as it moves away from the waste heat source.

Even if the MHI is divided and housed in a large number of tubular metal hydride containers 3 as shown in Fig. 6, the temperature difference does not increase significantly in the case of Fig. 2a, but as it moves away from the waste heat source 1o, Since the temperature of the high-temperature gas decreases due to heat exchange with the eyes, the temperature of the MHI in the container a decreases.

As described above, in any of the conventional examples, uniformity of the MHL temperature cannot be obtained, and even if it can be obtained, it will take a very long time, resulting in a decrease in the amount of hydrogen transfer, a decrease in the cooling and heating output, and a decrease in the heating and cooling output per unit time. This results in negative effects such as a reduction in the reaction cycle.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As mentioned above, when metal hydrides are heated with high-temperature waste heat such as gas, there are two problems: the extremely low thermal conductivity of the metal hydride and the extremely low heat transfer coefficient of the high-temperature waste heat gas. This makes it difficult to uniformly and quickly raise the temperature of the metal hydride, which causes a decrease in the output of air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply systems.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a heat pipe flow path in the heated one of the two communicating metal hydride containers, and It is operated by enclosing a suitable working medium in it.

According to the above-described configuration, when the metal hydride in the metal hydride storage container is heated by high-temperature waste heat such as gas, the heat pipe provided in the storage container is operated to bring the heat pipe close to the waste heat source and generate high-temperature waste heat. The heat of the metal hydride in the waste heat source is transferred to the metal hydride in a lower temperature part farther away from the waste heat source, and the temperature of the entire metal hydride can be uniformly and quickly raised.

Embodiment Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. Metal hydride 1 (MHl) and metal hydride 2 (MB2) are filled in metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4
are connected by a hydrogen conduit 6, and a pulp 9 is provided in the middle of the conduit 6. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are provided with heat medium channels 7 and 8, respectively, so that the heat of reaction when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen can be transferred to the heat medium through heat exchange and taken out to the outside. has been done. The metal hydride storage container 3 is provided with two heat pipe passages 6, upper and lower, which communicate with each other. A waste heat source 10 is located below the metal hydride container 3, and high temperature gas rises from the waste heat source 1o to heat the metal hydride container 3. A heat pipe working fluid adapted to the temperature level of the waste heat source 1o is sealed inside the heat pipe flow path 6.

In the air-conditioning/heating water supply system having the above configuration, hydrogen is transferred from metal hydride 1 (MHI) to metal hydride 2 (MB2), and the reaction heat generated when MB2 absorbs hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium in the heat medium flow path 8. Let's consider a case where the amount of heat is transmitted to the outside and used for space heating or hot water supply. The MHI in the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by the waste heat source 10, but since the thermal conductivity of the MHI is extremely low, the MHI in the part close to the waste heat source (lower part) and the MHI in the part far away from the waste heat source (upper part) are separated. A temperature difference occurs between them. At that time, the working medium boils in the lower heat pipe flow path 6 that is in contact with the MHI in the high temperature part, and the gaseous working medium that has boiled and vaporized is transferred to the upper heat pipe flow path 6 that is in contact with the MHI in the low temperature part. It moves to the heat pipe flow path, where it condenses and becomes a liquid again, falls by gravity and returns to the lower heat pipe flow path, where the cycle of boiling and condensation is repeated. At this time, 1 liter near the waste heat source
At the lower part of H1, heat is removed by boiling of the heat pipe working medium and the temperature decreases. On the other hand, the MH on the side far from the waste heat source
At the top of I, MHI is generated due to condensation of the heat pipe working medium.
As long as there is a temperature difference between the top and bottom of the OMHL where heat input occurs and the temperature rises, the heat pipe will operate to reduce the temperature difference, but if the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the MHI disappears, the heat pipe will Operation stops. Generally, boiling or condensation of a heat pipe working medium has a very high heat transfer coefficient, and heat transfer by a heat pipe is much more efficient and rapid than by heat conduction through a metal hydride layer.

In this example, the heat pipes are installed in two stages, upper and lower, but if the number of stages is further increased, the isotherm of the metal hydride layer will be further improved and it will be more effective. When the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated,
Due to the action of the heat pipe, the temperature of the metal hydride 1 inside the container 3 rises uniformly and quickly, and the hydrogen pressure inside the metal hydride container 3 increases by releasing the stored hydrogen.

On the other hand, MB2 in the metal hydride storage container 4 is maintained at an appropriate temperature by the heat medium, and its hydrogen pressure is lower than the hydrogen pressure in the metal hydride storage container 3. Therefore, the hydrogen conduit 6 that communicates between the two metal hydride storage containers
When the valve 9 provided in used for.

As shown in FIG. 6 as a conventional example, even when the metal hydride storage container 3 is divided into a number of tubes and the insides of the tubes are filled with metal hydride, the metal hydride container 3 is divided as shown in FIG. 2. By connecting all of the tubes with heat pipes, it is possible to eliminate temperature irregularities in the MHI when heated by the waste heat source, and the MHI is heated from inside the container 3 by the heat pipe, and the MHI is heated from the outside of the container 3 by high temperature gas. The MHI can be quickly raised to a predetermined temperature by convection heating.

In addition, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the heat pipe passage 6 and the heat medium passage 7 are shared, and when the MHL is heated to a high temperature and releases hydrogen, the valves 11 and 12 are closed and the heat pipe is closed. On the other hand, when the MHI absorbs hydrogen and generates heat, the valves 11 and 12 can be opened and used as a heat medium flow path to take out the reaction heat to the outside.

In this embodiment, only the one with the lower equilibrium hydrogen pressure is heated, but it is also possible to use a structure in which both the metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are heated. A pair of metal hydride storage containers containing two types of metal hydrides with different absorption equilibrium pressures are communicated with each other to allow hydrogen to move between them, and the metal hydride absorbs (or desorbs) hydrogen. In an air-conditioning/water supply system that uses reaction heat for space heating and hot water supply (or cooling), at least one metal hydride storage container is provided with multiple stages of heat pipe passages, and these are communicated with each other. The temperature can be uniformly and quickly changed to a predetermined temperature, and as a result, the heating and cooling output can be increased and the number of reaction cycles per unit time can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an air conditioning, heating, and hot water supply system using metal hydrides according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the same apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are block diagrams of a conventional air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus using metal hydrides. 1.2...Metal hydride, 3.4...
Metal hydride storage container, 6... Heat pipe channel, 7, 8... Heat medium channel, 1o...
Waste heat source, 9,11゜12・river...valve. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other IO
・・・Sakuran Son Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pair of metal hydride storage containers containing two types of metal hydrides having different hydrogen equilibrium pressures are communicated with each other, and at least the one having a lower hydrogen equilibrium pressure of the metal hydride storage containers is heated, and this heating A heating, cooling, and hot water supply system using a metal hydride, in which a metal hydride storage container is provided with a plurality of heat pipe passages each having a working medium therein, and these passages are communicated with each other.