JPS6249163A - Metallic-hydride utilizing air-conditioning hot-water supplydevice - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an air-conditioning, heating and water-heating system using metal hydride, which is driven by factory waste heat or the like.

Conventional technology Metal hydrides, represented by TiMn alloys, absorb hydrogen gas and undergo an exothermic reaction under certain temperature and pressure conditions, and release hydrogen gas under other temperature and pressure conditions. An endothermic reaction is carried out. Utilizing the above-mentioned properties of metal hydrides, the reaction heat when metal hydrides react with hydrogen is extracted to the outside by heat exchange with an appropriate heat medium, and is used for heating and hot water supply when hot heat is generated, and for cooling when cold heat is generated. It can be used for any purpose. An example of a conventional configuration of such a heating and cooling device is shown in FIG.

Metal hydride 1 (hereinafter referred to as MH) and metal hydride 2 (MH2) with two different hydrogen equilibrium pressures are
As shown in the figure, the metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are filled with hydrogen, and the metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are communicated with each other by a hydrogen pipe 6, and a valve 12 is provided in the middle of the pipe 6. ing. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are provided with heat medium channels 6 and 7, respectively, and are configured so that the heat of reaction when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen is not transferred to the heat medium by heat exchange. ing. Furthermore, the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated to a higher temperature than the waste heat source 11. The waste heat source 11 corresponds to high-temperature waste gas discharged from factories or the like, combustion gas, or the like.

Now, consider the case where hydrogen is transferred from MH, to MH2. MH, is heated to a high temperature by the waste heat source 11, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes higher than the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of one MH2, and by opening the pulp 9, hydrogen moves from MH, to MH2. At this time, MH2 absorbs hydrogen and causes an exothermic reaction, and the generated heat is taken out by the heat medium.

Here, when the metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by the waste heat source 11, as shown in FIG. 3, the MH is divided and stored in at least one or more tubular metal hydride storage containers 3. In this case, the lowest MH closest to the waste heat g11,
The temperature of the high temperature gas is high, and as it moves away from the waste heat source, the temperature of the high temperature gas decreases due to heat exchange with the MH1, so the temperature of the MH in the container 3 decreases. In this way, MH,
When the temperature of MH is not uniform and has a temperature distribution, there will be a height difference in the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure, and when the valve 12 is opened and hydrogen is moved from MH, to MH2, the movement of hydrogen will be due to the pressure difference. Since this occurs at
MH in the area where the hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is low (the area where the temperature is low),
The amount of hydrogen transferred from is the smallest. In other words, even if the same weight of MH4 is filled equally into the divided metal hydride container 3, the amount of hydrogen transferred will differ due to the non-uniformity of the heating temperature, resulting in a difference in the degree of utilization of the alloy. The MH in the lower part had the disadvantage of being poorly utilized.

Furthermore, even if the metal hydride storage container 3 is divided into multiple parts, the temperature distribution of the metal hydride is relatively small, or even if the metal hydride storage container 3 is not divided into multiple parts but is integrated, hydrogen transfer The amount is not constant during occlusion and dissociation,
There was a drawback that the amount (concentration) of absorbed hydrogen in the metal hydride deviated from the pre-designed operating point as the reaction was repeated, making stable cycle operation impossible.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As stated above, when metal hydride is heated by high-temperature waste heat such as gas, if the metal hydride is divided into a number of tubular metal hydride storage containers, metal hydride temperature distribution occurs. The hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure of the metal hydride in the lower temperature area is lower, and when hydrogen is transferred to the other metal hydride in the pair, the amount of hydrogen transferred is smaller than in the metal hydride in the high temperature area. , The other problem is that the usage rate is poor.

In addition, even if the metal hydride storage container is divided into multiple parts, the temperature distribution of the metal hydride is relatively small, or if the metal hydride storage container is not divided into multiple parts but is integrated, the hydrogen The amount of movement is occluded.

Another problem is that it does not become constant during dissociation, making it impossible to form a stable cycle, making it impossible to obtain stable heating and cooling output.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention detects that the phantom value of a hydrogen flowmeter has reached a predetermined value (at a predetermined value) in the middle of the piping that communicates two types of metal hydride containers. A means for automatically closing the pipe is provided.

Effect of the present invention With the above-described configuration, when the metal hydride in the metal hydride storage container is heated to release hydrogen by high-temperature waste heat such as gas, the metal hydride storage container is divided and the metal hydride is heated. Even if temperature distribution occurs, the amount of hydrogen released in each dividing element can be kept constant, and the utilization rate of the alloy can be made uniform. Furthermore, even when hydrogen is transferred alternately between two types of metal hydride storage containers, the amount of hydrogen transfer becomes constant, improving the stability of repeated operations and making the cooling and heating output uniform.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. Metal hydride 1 (MH,) is filled in equal amounts in three divided metal hydride storage containers 3. Metal hydride 2 (MH2) is filled in metal hydride storage container 4.

The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are communicated with each other by a hydrogen pipe 5, and on the metal hydride storage container 3 side, the hydrogen pipe branches into three parts, and the integrated value of the amount of hydrogen transferred is detected in each of the three parts. , valves 8, 9, and 10 are provided which close the movement of hydrogen when a predetermined value is reached. The metal hydride storage containers 3 and 4 are provided with heat medium channels 6 and 7, respectively, so that the reaction heat when the metal hydride absorbs and dissociates hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium by heat exchange and taken out to the outside. It is composed of Further, the metal hydride storage container 3 is configured to be heated by a waste heat source 11 such as high-temperature gas.

In the air-conditioning/heating water supply system having the above configuration, hydrogen is transferred from metal hydride 1 (MH, ) to metal hydride 2 (MH2), and the reaction heat when MH2 absorbs hydrogen is transferred to the heat medium in the heat medium flow path T. Consider the case where the air is transmitted to the outside and used for space heating or hot water supply. The metal hydride storage container 3 is heated by a waste heat source 11 and the metal hydride 1 is heated.
The temperature of the lowermost portion of the divided metal hydride container 3 that is close to the waste heat source 9 is the highest, and as it moves away from the waste heat source, the temperature decreases.Hydrogen dissociation equilibrium pressure is proportional to the temperature when the amount of hydrogen storage is the same, so the pressure inside the metal hydride storage container 3 is highest at the bottom stage and lowest at the top stage.
If you open 1o and move hydrogen from MH, to MH2,
The amount of hydrogen transferred is proportional to the pressure difference between MH and MH2, so
The amount of hydrogen moving from the bottom stage first reaches a predetermined value, the pulp 1o automatically closes, the movement of hydrogen stops, and the remaining hydrogen storage capacity of the metal hydride 1 in the bottom stage is kept at a certain constant value. dripping

Further time passes, and the amount of hydrogen transferred from the metal hydride 1 in the middle stage, where the temperature has increased, reaches the predetermined value, so the pulp 9 is closed and the remaining hydrogen storage capacity of the metal hydride 1 in the middle stage is the same as that in the bottom stage. value is kept.

Similarly, the amount of hydrogen transferred from the metal hydride 1 in the uppermost stage eventually reaches a predetermined value and the pulp 8 closes.

Similarly, the remaining hydrogen storage capacity of the metal hydride 1 in the uppermost stage is the same as that in the lowermost stage and the middle stage. As described above, by providing each of the divided metal hydride storage containers 3 with pulps 8 to 10 that automatically close the flow of hydrogen when the integrated value of the hydrogen flow rate reaches a predetermined value, it is possible to The release amount is constant, and the hydrogen storage and release ability of the metal hydride can be utilized evenly over the entire divided metal hydride. In addition, this type of air-conditioning/heating/water heating system attempts to cyclically obtain cold or warm heat by transferring hydrogen alternately between MHL and MH2.
Transfer hydrogen from H2 to MH, and heat from MHL,
When trying to obtain cold energy from MH2, pulp 8~
Due to the action of 10, the divided metal hydride 1 should absorb hydrogen evenly. That is, even if one occlusion/desorption cycle is repeated, the amount of hydrogen moving between MWl and MH2 is always constant, so a stable cycle can be constructed without any change in the remaining hydrogen storage amount.

Furthermore, even if the metal hydride 1 is not divided as shown in FIG. The amount of hydrogen that moves between the two metal hydride storage containers must be constant, so the amount (concentration) of absorbed hydrogen in the metal hydride remains the same during occlusion and dissociation, and a stable cycle is maintained. Can be configured.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention enables a pair of metal hydride storage containers containing two types of metal hydrides with different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures to be communicated with each other to mutually transfer hydrogen. In a metal hydride heating/cooling/water supply system that utilizes the reaction heat generated when a metal hydride absorbs (or releases) hydrogen for heating (or cooling), the integrated value of the hydrogen flow rate is calculated in the middle of the piping that connects a pair of metal hydride storage containers. By providing a means to automatically close the pipeline by detecting that the amount of hydrogen has reached a predetermined value, the amount of hydrogen that alternately moves between the pair of metal hydride containers becomes constant, and therefore the amount of hydrogen in the metal hydride is A stable cycle in which the amount of absorbed hydrogen (concentration) takes the same value during storage and during B/F is +1. - It is possible to achieve stable heating and cooling output. The metal hydride storage container is divided into a plurality of parts, which are connected to each other by pipes, and the pipes are provided with a number of closing means corresponding to the number of divisions, so that the temperature distribution in each part is divided into one part. Regardless of the presence or absence of hydrogen, the hydrogen release rate becomes constant, the alloy utilization rate becomes uniform, and a stable cycle can be constructed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a principle diagram of an air conditioning/heating water heater using metal hydride according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a principle diagram of an air conditioning/heating water heater according to another embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a conventional air conditioning/heating water heater. Select based on the principle diagram. 1.2...Metal hydride, 3,4...
Metal hydride storage container, 5...Hydrogen conduit, 6,
7... Heat medium flow path, 8,9.10... Valve, 11... Waste heat source. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person/-
--, Kei Genki-kei Kasu I? --- Kinpei Suiko Kagaku 2 δ, 9.10 --- Half n -- Ichihaimokugen

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pair of metal hydride storage containers containing two types of metal hydrides with different hydrogen storage equilibrium pressures are communicated with each other, and hydrogen is transferred between them, so that the metal hydride absorbs (or dissociates) hydrogen. In a metal hydride heating/cooling/water supply system that uses reaction heat for heating (or cooling), it automatically detects that the integrated hydrogen flow rate has reached a specified value in the middle of the piping that connects a pair of metal hydride containers. 1. A heating, cooling, and hot water supply system using a metal hydride, characterized in that a means for closing a pipe is provided in the water supply system.