JP2643235B2 - Metal hydride heating and cooling equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a low-pollution, noise-free, high-efficiency metal hydride heating and cooling apparatus, and as a heat pump, a home air conditioner. Etc. can be applied.

(Prior Art) Many techniques for applying heat absorption and heat generation of a hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention to heat pumps due to release and storage of hydrogen have been reported mainly for differences in the types of hydrogen storage alloys. 2
As an example of the most basic heat pump cycle using various kinds of hydrogen storage alloys, there is, for example, a "heating and cooling method" of Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-1189. This relates to a cooling and heating device using a TiMn-based alloy. As a method for further improving the heat pump efficiency, for example, [Enhancement / metal hydride-
"Characteristics and Applications", written by Yasumasa Osumi, published in Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. in 1986, Section 122.5, "Metal hydride heat pump"
There is description including heavy-effect cooling cycle.

The former is as follows. That is, previously proposed before, LaNi ₅ , MmCo ₅ , and hydrogen storage alloys such as MmNi ₅ are expensive and inferior in economics, and by using a TiMn alloy that is inexpensive and has excellent hydrogenation characteristics, It states that a practical cooling and heating system can be obtained. FIG. 5 shows a heat cycle when operating as a heat pump. T ₁ in this holding temperature at the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy B (cooling temperature), T ₂ is the holding temperature at the hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage alloy A and B, T ₃ is by an external heat source of the hydrogen storage alloy A Heating temperature. The P ₁ is the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage alloy A, P ₂ is the discharge pressure, P ₃ is hydrogen absorbing pressure of the hydrogen storage alloy B, P ₄ is a discharge pressure. Now, the addition of heat for Q ₁ from the heat source of T ₃ (150 ℃) in the hydrogen storage alloy A, releases hydrogen pressure P ₂ (40atm). When this hydrogen is fed into the hydrogen storage alloy B, the hydrogen storage alloy B stores hydrogen, and at this time, generates heat Q ₂ at a temperature level of T ₂ (50 ° C.). Next, hydrogen storage alloy A was added to T ₄
When cooled at (50 ° C.), the equilibrium hydrogen pressure decreases to about 4 atm, and the hydrogen storage alloy B communicating therewith reduces the calorific value Q ₃ by T ₁
While absorbing from outside air (= 9 ° C.), hydrogen of P ₄ (about 5 atm) is released, and this hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy A.
At this time, it releases an amount of heat Q ₄ in T ₄ above. In this way
T ₂ T ₄ for the heat quantity Q ₁ given by the heat source of T ₃ (= 150 ° C)
A calorific value Q ₂ + Q _{4 at} a temperature of (= 50 ° C.) can be obtained and can be used for room heating and the like. The heat pump efficiency η at this time is η = (Q ₂
+ Q ₄₎ / Q ₁ becomes, for example, about 1.4 can be expected.

As a method to further increase the efficiency of the heat pump,
The double effect cycle will be described with reference to FIG. M ₁ H, M ₂
H and M ₃ H are hydrogen storage alloys having different equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperatures. Hydrogen storage alloy with the highest equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature
To M ₁ H, the heating Q _A is carried out at a temperature of T _h from the heat source, M ₁ H releases hydrogen at a pressure of P ₁ absorbs this heat. The generated hydrogen is sent to M ₃ H, which has the lowest equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature, where M ₃ H
₃ H occluded in, this time, to generate a heat quantity Q _B temperature T _m.
Then M ₂ H is, the pressure therein when cooled from the outside at the temperature of the T _m P ₂ ', and the time, when the communicating the M ₃ H and M ₂ H, M ₃
Hydrogen was stored in H is dissociated while absorbing from the outside temperature of the heat T _l, the M ₂ H, and are inserted while emitting heat Q _D temperature T _m. Further, when M ₁ H is also cooled from the outside at the temperature of T _m , the hydrogen pressure becomes P ₃ ′. Here, when M ₁ H and M ₂ H are connected, M ₂ H flows from M ₂ H to M ₁ H. flow connexion either hydrogen, endothermic T _l temperatures associated with this time M ₂ H at the hydrogen release,
On the other hand, in M ₁ H, a heat radiation Q _D ′ at the T _m temperature is generated due to the occlusion of hydrogen. Thus, the thermal cycle is round by heating again with hot Q _A temperature T _h the M ₁ H from the heat source. This heat circle efficiency eta of _{η = (Q B + Q D} + Q D ') / Q A 2 is expected as a heat pump.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional double-effect type cycle has a possibility to increase the heat pump efficiency to nearly 2, but has the following disadvantages. That is, when this cycle is used for heating in winter, in order to absorb heat from the outside air, the hydrogen storage alloy itself,
It must fall below the outside temperature (for example, 0 ° C-
10 ° C). Furthermore, in order to heat the room, the heat radiation process accompanying the occlusion of hydrogen needs to be at room temperature or higher (for example, 30 ° C. or higher). Currently available hydrogen storage alloys (eg TiFe, MmMi ₅ , TiMm _1.5
If the heat pump cycle is implemented to satisfy the above temperature conditions, the highest pressure will be about 20 atm when the lowest pressure is selected to be 1 atm for easy handling. Conversely, if the maximum pressure is selected to be 10 atm below the high pressure gas regulation, the minimum working hydrogen pressure will be 0.2 to 0.3 atm. As described above, the double-effect cycle described above has a wide working gas pressure range of hydrogen, and requires a high-pressure specification or a negative-pressure specification of the hydrogen gas circuit, which is inconvenient in handling. That is, the high pressure specification requires a pressure treatment based on the high pressure gas regulation, and the negative pressure specification requires a sealing treatment to prevent air or the like from entering the working gas circuit from the outside.

Furthermore, when hydrogen gas is used at a negative pressure, the rate of release of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy becomes extremely slow (depending on the hydrogen storage alloy, for example, when LaNi _{5 is used} at 25 ° C, it is already stored at 2 atm. (It takes 20 minutes to release half of the generated hydrogen.) It cannot be used as a heat pump.

In addition, in this double effect cycle, if the maximum pressure is selected to be 10 atmospheres or the minimum pressure to 1 atmosphere as described above, the temperature of the heat source is restricted and the former is limited to around 100 ° C, and the latter is limited to around 150 ° C. You.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heating / cooling device which is easy to handle and has a simple structure without using a hydrogen gas circuit under a high pressure or under a negative pressure, and restricts the temperature of a heat source in a wide range. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating and cooling device that does not require any heating.

[Configuration of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The measures taken to solve the above problems are as follows. First container (1) containing first hydrogen storage alloy:
A second equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature lower than that of the first hydrogen storage alloy;
Second container (3) containing hydrogen storage alloy: first piping means (5.6) for controlling hydrogen transfer between first container (1) and second container (3): third hydrogen Third container (7) containing the storage alloy: fourth container (9) containing a fourth hydrogen storage alloy having an equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature lower than that of the third hydrogen storage alloy: the third container (7) and the fourth container Second piping means (11, 12) for controlling the transfer of hydrogen to and from the four containers (9): the first hydrogen storage alloy in the first container (1) and the second hydrogen storage device in the third container (7). Thermal connection means (16, 26) for controlling thermal connection with the third hydrogen storage alloy, after the first piping means (5.6), after heating (Q1) the first hydrogen storage alloy; The heat connection means (16, 26) and the second piping means (11, 12) are appropriately controlled to release heat (Q2) of the second hydrogen storage alloy and the third hydrogen storage alloy. The heat release (Q4 ') of gold and the heat release (Q2') of the 4-hydrogen storage alloy are sequentially performed separately, and the heating (Q1) of the first hydrogen storage alloy used as a sequential heating source and the second hydrogen storage are performed. The heat release of the alloy (Q2), the heat release of the third hydrogen storage alloy (Q4 ') and the heat release of the fourth hydrogen storage alloy (Q2') are made into one cycle, and the heat release (Q2 / Q4 '/ Q2 ′) is extracted from a common heat exchanger (22) that is selectively thermally connected to the second hydrogen storage alloy, the third hydrogen storage alloy, and the fourth hydrogen storage alloy. That is, a heating and cooling device is configured.

(Operation) In this metal hydride heating and cooling apparatus, the amount of heat radiated from the common heat exchanger (22) is 1
Change during the cycle to Q2, Q4 ', Q2'. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the metal hydride heating / cooling device is calculated as follows: heat dissipation / heating heat = (Q2 + Q4 '+ Q2') / Q1
By setting various conditions appropriately, the thermal efficiency can be reduced to 1
The above can be achieved.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a multi-stage cascade heat pump having two stages. The container (1), the hydrogen storage alloy suitable for the temperature of the heat source ▲ MH ^A ₁ accommodates ▼ (2), to another container (3), the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ with (2) It contains a suitable hydrogen storage alloy (4) that can form a heat pump cycle. These two containers are connected by a pipe (5) so that the hydrogen gas can move, and a valve (6) for controlling the flow of the hydrogen gas is provided on the way. Similarly container (7)
, At a temperature ▲ T ^A _H2 ▼ lower temperatures in a hydrogen-absorbing time of heat generation process described above the hydrogen storage alloy _{^{▲ MH A 1 ▼ (2)}} , the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₁ performs heat absorption of hydrogen release ▼ (8) houses, further housing a separate container (9) to the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₁ ▼ (8) it is possible to form a heat pump cycle suitable hydrogen absorbing alloy _{^{▲ MH B 2 ▼ (10)}} , these hydrogen A pipe (11) is connected so that the gas can move, and a valve (12) for controlling the flow of the hydrogen gas is provided on the way.

The container (1) is provided with a heat exchanger (13) capable of heating from an external high heat source, and the containers (3) and (9) are provided with heat exchangers (14) and (15) for absorbing heat from the atmosphere. Each is provided.

The container (1) and the container (7) are configured to transfer heat generated when the hydrogen storage alloy [MH ^A ₁ ] (2) in the container (1) stores hydrogen to the hydrogen storage alloy [MH ^B] in the container (7). ₁ ▼ Connected by a heat transfer circuit (16) for transferring to (8), and containers (3), (7),
(9) is provided with heat exchangers (17), (18), and (19) for extracting heat generated during hydrogen storage to the outside,
These are communicated with another heat exchanger (22) via the simultaneous switching valves (20) and (21) so that the generated heat can be used for air conditioning and the like.

A control valve that transmits heat to each of the heat exchangers (13), (14), (15), and (16) only when the heat cycle of the heat pump is necessary, and prohibits the transfer of heat when unnecessary. (2
3), (24), (25), and (26) are provided.

Heat to Q ₁ from the hot heat source, when the valve (23) is open, is sent to a hydrogen absorbing alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ (2) via the heat exchanger (13). This heat Q ₁ causes the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ （(2) to release hydrogen. At this time, if the valves (26) and (6) are closed, the pressure will be the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation determined by the temperature of the heat source. Increase to pressure. From reaching equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure, open the valve (6), it is inserted in the high-pressure hydrogen or pipe (5) the street container (3) in the hydrogen absorbing alloy _{^{▲ MH A 2 ▼ (4)}} , when this generating a hydrogen absorbing heat Q _2. Simultaneous switching valve (20), leaving open one side of (21), the generated heat Q ₂ is used for heating through a heat exchanger (22).

Next, open the simultaneous switching valves (20) and (21) to the side 2
Performing heat absorption Q ₄ through a heat exchanger (18) from the container (7) of the hydrogen storage alloy _{^{▲ MH B 1 ▼ (8)}} . At this time, the valve (12) is controlled to store hydrogen at a predetermined pressure in the hydrogen storage alloy MHMH ^B ₁ （(8)
When the hydrogen is absorbed, the hydrogen storage alloy (10) in the container (9) releases hydrogen due to the pressure difference. At this time, when the valve (25) is opened, heat is released from the atmosphere through the heat exchanger (15). Absorbs Q ₃ ′.

Then open the valve (26), through the heat exchanger (16) from the container (1) in the hydrogen absorbing alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ (2), the container (7) the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₁ in ▼ When the heat is transferred to (8), the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ accompanying the heat release in the container (1)
▼ (2) occurs occlusion of hydrogen into and to release hydrogen that was stored in the container (3) in the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^A ₂ ▼ (4) of opening the valve (6) an endothermic occurs. In this case it opens the valve (24), the heat absorption of the Q ₃ is performed above atmospheric. In contrast container (7), with the inflow of heat (Q ₄₎ hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₁
▼ The hydrogen absorbed in (8) is dissociated, and when the valve (12) is opened, the dissociated hydrogen moves to the container (9), and the hydrogen storage alloy MHMH ^B ₂ ▼ (10 ).
At this time, occlusion heat absorption (Q ₂ ′) occurs, and when the simultaneous switching valves (20) and (21) are set to 3, the occlusion heat (Q ₂ ′) is supplied to the heating via the heat exchanger (22). used.

In this way, heat Q ₁ is again transferred from the high-temperature heat source to the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁
▼ (2), the cycle goes around.

Explaining this with the thermal cycle diagram shown in FIG. 2, hydrogen storage alloys MH ₁ and MHMH ^A ₂の having different equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperatures are housed in separate containers, respectively, Enable movement. Dissociation temperature of the hydrogen is higher hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ with an external heat source, ▲ T when ^A _H1 ▼ temperature of heating, ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ is absorbs the heat quantity Q _A1 ▲ P ^A _H ▼ It releases hydrogen at a pressure of (A1 in the figure). This hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MHMH ^A ₂が with a lower dissociation temperature at a pressure of ▲ P ^A _Hて through the communication pipe. At this time ▲ T ^A _L1 ▼ generates heat Q _A2 of temperature (figure A2). Next, the above-mentioned hydrogen storage alloy MHMH ^A ₁冷却 was cooled with another hydrogen storage alloy MHMH ^B ₁ 、, and ▲ T
^A _{H2 When} the temperature is lowered to ▼, the pressure in this container becomes ▲ P ^A _H
From ▼, along connexion dropped to the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve, ▲ P ^A _L ▼
Reach

Thereafter, ▲ MH ^A ₂ ▼ and if allowed to communicate, ▲ MH ^A ₂ ▼ hydrogen that was stored dissociates to, ▲ P ^A ₁ ▼ occluded ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ to a pressure of. In this, ▲ MH ^A ₂ ▼ The side ▲ T ^A _L2 ▼ temperature heat absorption Q _A3 occurs at the (in the drawing A3), is simultaneously ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ side ▲
Exothermic Q _A4 occurs at the temperature of T ^A _H2 ▼. (A4 in the figure). The heat quantity Q _A4 another hydrogen absorbing alloy ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ pressures described above ▲ P ^A
_L ▼ remain in, the temperature also remains constant value ▲ T ^A _H2 ▼. Then heated externally from ▲ T ^A _H1 ▼ temperature, the addition of heat Q _A1, ▲
MH ^A ₁ ▼ absorbs heat again to generate hydrogen at a pressure of ▲ P ^A _H ▼,
The cycle goes around.

Incidentally, ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ temperature generated by ▲ T ^A _H2 ▼ of heat Q
_The hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₁ ▼ that has absorbed _A4 is stored in a separate container from the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₂ ▼ with a lower dissociation temperature,
In addition, the pipes communicate with each other via a valve so that hydrogen can move. Now, the hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^B ₁ which obtained the calorific value Q _A4
▼ is, ▲ T ^A _H2 ▼ slightly lower temperature ▲ T ^B _H1 and ▼ than dissociates hydrogen was occluded with ▲ P ^B _H ▼ pressure. This hydrogen pressure is on the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve of MHMH ^B ₁ ▼. ▲ MH ^B ₁ ▼
When the valve between ▲ MH ^B ₂ ▼ and the valve is opened, hydrogen flows into ▲ MH ^B ₂ ▼ side, where it is occluded, and at this time, the heat quantity Q _{B2 at} the temperature of ▲ T ^B _L1 ▼
Release. Next, when ▲ MH ^B ₁ ▼ is cooled, ▲ MH ^B ₁ ▼ absorbs hydrogen while releasing heat, and follows the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve,
Temperature emits ▲ T ^B _L1 ▼ temperature heat Q _B2 of. Then ▲ MH
^{When B} ₁ ▼ is cooled, MH ^B ₁ ▼ absorbs hydrogen while releasing heat, and the temperature is ▲ T ^B _H1 ▼ along the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve.
From ▲ T ^B _H2 until ▼, pressure decreased by ▲ P ^B _H from ▼ ▲ P ^B _L to ▼, further temperature ▲ T ^B _H2 ▼ and pressure ▲
Continue to absorb hydrogen at P ^B _L ▼. At this time, the calorific value _QB4 is released as a whole ( _B4 in the figure). Meanwhile ▲ MH ^B ₂ lower dissociation temperature than the ▼ ▲ MH ^B ₂ ▼ In ▲ in P ^B _L ▼ substantially equal pressure, occur dissociation of hydrogen was occluded, from the outside in this case ▲ T ^B _L2 ▼ temperature Endothermic Q _B3 . Next, again, the heat of hydrogen storage Q _A4 from MHMH ^A ₁を_得 is obtained, MHMH ^B ₁解 dissociates hydrogen, the pressure increases from ＰP ^B _Lか ら to ＰP ^B _H , and the cycle Go around once.

Considering the total heat balance of two pairs of hydrogen storage alloy heat pump circuits, ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼-▲ MH ^A ₂ ▼ and ▲ MH ^B ₁ ▼-▲ MH ^B ₂ ▼
Externally to ▲ T ^A _H1 heat Q _A1 at a temperature of ▼, ▲ T ^A
_L1 ▼ in Q _A2, ▲ T ^B _L1 ▼ at Q _B2, ▲ T ^B _H2 ▼ in occurs heat dissipation Q _B4, the heat radiation amount, ▲ T ^A _L1 ▼ and ▲ T ^B _L1 ▼ eg 30
Select about degrees, ▲ T ^B _H2 ▼ the available for all be selected heating it above. Incidentally, ▲ T ^A _L2 endothermic Q _A3 and in ▼ ▲
T ^B _L2 ▼ endotherm Q _B3 at a temperature ▲ T ^A _L2 ▼ and ▲ T be selected ^B _L2 ▼ to, for example, about -10 degrees, winter, connexion outside temperature, such below zero even, Q _A3 + Q from the outside air _This indicates that endothermic _B3 is possible.

Further since this time variation range of the pressure _{^{▲ P A L ▼ ~ ▲ P}} A H ▼ can be set independently by choosing the material of the hydrogen storage alloy, both can fall within 1-10 atmospheres, prior art As described above, the handling becomes inconvenient when the pressure range is increased to about 20 atm or more, and conversely, the reaction rate does not become extremely slow when the negative pressure is 1 atm or less.

At this time, the heat efficiency η of the entire heat pump becomes η = (heat generated) / (heat generated) = (Q _A2 + Q _B2 + Q _B4 ) / Q _A1 , which is greatly improved compared to the efficiency of the single-stage heat pump (single-stage). The efficiency is usually about 1.4, but in this cascade method it is about 2.0 for two stages.)

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the multi-stage cascade heat pump, the heat _QB4 generated in the hydrogen storage process of BMH ^B ₁の is not used immediately for heating, but ▲ T ^B _H2 ▼
It is used to heat another hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^C ₁ ▼ that dissociates hydrogen at a slightly lower temperature, and this hydrogen storage alloy ▲ MH ^C ₁ ▼
And a hydrogen alloy (MH ^C ₂₎ having a lower dissociation temperature than this, can be used continuously by piping via a valve, so that another pair of heat pump circuits can be formed.

Since the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is obtained by connecting a large number of the two container pairs described in FIGS. 1 and 2 in large numbers, the details are omitted because the basics are the same as the two container pairs.

Next, the degenerate cascade heat pump shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In two or more pairs of hydrogen storage alloys as in the above embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloys with lower hydrogen dissociation temperature (▲ MH ^A ₂ , MHMH ^B ₂ ▼, ▲ MH ^C ₂ ,...)
At the same pressure range when ·) all replaced with hydrogen storage alloy of the same type, heat radiation amount utilized for heating the when using hydrogen gas Q _A2, Q generation temperature of _{^{B2 ▲ T A L1 ▼, ▲}} T B L1 ▼, are equal, the heat absorption temperature from the outside air as well _{^{▲ T a L1 ▼, ▲ T}} B
_L2 ▼ can be equalized, and control as a heat pump becomes easy.

〔The invention's effect〕

When a heat pump cycle is realized using a relatively high temperature heat source of about 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., a conventional double effect cycle cannot be realized. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, if the heat radiation temperatures at B, D, and D 'in FIG. 6 are set at about 30 ° C., the temperature of the heat source indicated by the point A is at most 15 ° C.
0 ° C. Setting the temperature of the sub connexion point A for example, 350 ° C., D 'point B, there still needs to be before and after the example 280 ° C. temperature higher than T _m represented by D. This means that during heating 30
This means that heat of ° C and heat of 280 ° C are obtained one after another, and it is difficult to treat this high-temperature heat.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cascade method of the present invention is suitable for the above-mentioned hydrogen storage alloy heat pump using a relatively high-temperature heat source. That is, in FIG.
Externally ▲ When T ^A _H1 ▼ 350 ℃ of heat is supplied at point A1,
In A2 ▲ at T ^A _L1 ▼ 30 ℃ of heat release A3 from the outside air ▲ T ^A _L2 ▼ to -10 ° C. endothermic. This cycle is A
In 4, generating heat in the vicinity ▲ T ^A _H2 ▼ 280 ℃. By the way, this 280 ° C heat is
It is not used to warm the room immediately, but as a heat source for the hydrogen storage alloy heat pump as shown by point B1 in the figure. ▲ T at B2 point in the next step cycle
^B _L1 ▼ Heat radiation of 30 ° C. occurs. At point B3, heat of ▲ T ^B _L2 -10 ° C. is absorbed from the outside, and at B4, heat of about 80-100 ° C. is released. Therefore, when one cycle as a whole is completed, about 30 ° C. heat and about 90 ° C. heat are obtained for heating, so that there is no trouble in processing the high-temperature generated heat as in the above-mentioned double effect cycle.

Further, the cascade heat pump of the present invention has the following specific effects as compared with the conventional double effect heat pump. That is, a double-effect heat pump D in FIG. 6 ', as indicated by D and point B, the heating temperature T _m at each of the hydrogen storage alloy _{M 1 H, M 2 H,} M 3 H from the heat radiation occurs. By the way, since this heat release occurs at different times, the time required for this heat pump to complete one cycle is approximately the sum of the respective reaction times. If the heat release reaction times of the respective hydrogen storage alloys are almost the same, one reaction takes place. It is about three times the time.

In the cascade heat pump, as shown in FIG. 2, ▲ MH ^A ₁ ▼ and MHMH ^A ₂ ▼, and MHMH ^B ₁ and MHMH ^B ₂ ▼ constitute independent working gas circuits. Of the heat radiation for heating, Q ₂ and Q ₄ ′, Q ₄ and Q ₂ ′ occur simultaneously. Assuming that the heat radiation reaction time is almost the same regardless of the material as in the above-described double effect heat pump, the time required to complete one cycle is about twice as long as one reaction time.

Thus, in principle, the heat pump of the present invention is the same as the conventional heat pump.
Compared to heavy-effect heat pumps, the cycle time can be reduced to 2/3, and the peripheral force within the same time can be increased 1.5 times.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a two-stage cascade heat pump utilizing the present invention, FIG. 2 is a heat cycle diagram of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a heat cycle diagram of a multi-stage cascade heat pump utilizing the present invention, FIG. FIG. 5 is a thermal cycle diagram of a degenerate cascade heat pump utilizing the present invention. FIG. 5 is a thermal cycle diagram of a conventional TiMn-based alloy hydride heat pump according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is another conventional thermal pump according to the present invention. It is a thermal cycle diagram of the double effect type cycle which is a technique. 1,3,7,9 …… Container, 2,4,8,10 …… Hydrogen storage alloy, 5,11… Piping, 6,12 …… Hydrogen gas flow control valve, 13,14,15,16, 17, 18, 19, 22 ... heat exchanger, 20, 21 ... simultaneous flow switching valve, 23, 24, 25, 26 ... heat transfer control valve.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first container (1) containing a first hydrogen storage alloy: a second container (3) containing a second hydrogen storage alloy having an equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature lower than that of the first hydrogen storage alloy. First piping means (5.6) for controlling hydrogen transfer between one container (1) and the second container (3): a third container (7) containing a third hydrogen storage alloy: the third A fourth container (9) containing a fourth hydrogen storage alloy having an equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature lower than that of the hydrogen storage alloy: a fourth container (9) for controlling hydrogen transfer between the third container (7) and the fourth container (9). 2 piping means (11.
12): Thermal connection means (16 ·) for controlling thermal connection between the first hydrogen storage alloy in the first container (1) and the third hydrogen storage alloy in the third container (7). 26), after the first piping means (5.6) and the heating of the first hydrogen storage alloy (Q1), the thermal coupling means (16.26) and the second
Appropriately controlling the piping means (11 and 12) to release heat (Q2) of the second hydrogen storage alloy and release heat (Q2) of the third hydrogen storage alloy
4 ′) and the heat release (Q2 ′) of the fourth hydrogen storage alloy are sequentially performed separately, and the first hydrogen storage alloy is sequentially used as a heating source.
Heating of the hydrogen storage alloy (Q1), heat release of the second hydrogen storage alloy (Q2), heat release of the third hydrogen storage alloy (Q4 '), and heat release of the fourth hydrogen storage alloy (Q2') Each cycle, the heat radiation (Q2 / Q4 '/ Q2') is transferred to the second hydrogen storage alloy, the third hydrogen storage alloy and the fourth
A metal hydride heating and cooling device which is taken out from a common heat exchanger (22) which is selectively thermally connected to the hydrogen storage alloy.